Resection Of Synchronous Liver Metastases Research Articles

Evolving survival gains in patients with young-onset colorectal cancer and synchronous resectable liver metastases

We aimed to evaluate the practice and the associated outcomes of surgical treatment for young-onset colorectal cancer (YOCRC) patients presenting with synchronous liver metastases. The study cohort was divided into two groups according to surgery date: 131 patients in the early era (EE, 1998–2011) and 179 in the contemporary era (CE, 2012–2020). The CE had a higher rate of node-positive primary tumors, higher carcinoembryonic antigen level, and lower rate of RAS/BRAF mutations. The CE had higher rates of reverse or combined resection, multi-drug prehepatectomy chemotherapy, and two-stage hepatectomy. The median survival was 8.4 years in the CE and 4.3 years in the EE (p = 0.011). On multivariate analysis, hepatectomy in the CE was independently associated with improved overall survival (HR 0.48, p = 0.001). With a combination of perioperative systemic therapy, careful selection of treatment approach, and coordinated resections, durable cure can be achieved in YOCRC patients.

Resection of isolated liver oligometastatic disease in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Is there a survival benefit? A systematic review.

Presence of liver metastatic disease in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), either synchronous or metachronous after pancreatic resection, is a terminal diagnosis that warrants management with palliative intent as per all international practice guidelines. However, there is an increasing interest on any potential value of surgical treatment of isolated oligometastatic disease in selected cases. To present the published evidence on surgical management of PDAC liver metastases, synchronous and metachronous, and compare the outcomes of these treatments to the current standard of care. A systematic review was performed in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines to compare the outcomes of both synchronous and metachronous liver metastases resection to standard care. 356 studies were identified, 31 studies underwent full-text review and of these 10 were suitable for inclusion. When synchronous resection of liver metastases was compared to standard care, most studies did not demonstrate a survival benefit with the exception of one study that utilised neoadjuvant treatment. However, resection of metachronous disease appeared to confer a survival advantage when compared to treatment with chemotherapy alone. A survival benefit may exist in resection of selected cases of metachronous liver oligometastatic PDAC disease, after disease biology has been tested with time and systemic treatment. Any survival benefit is less clear in synchronous cases; however an approach with neoadjuvant treatment and consideration of resection in some selected cases may confer some benefit. Future studies should focus on pathways for selection of cases that may benefit from an aggressive approach.

Oncological outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: A result from a propensity score matching study.

The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in treating resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remain controversial. Data from CRLM patients who underwent simultaneous liver resection between January 2015 and December 2019 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (SEER cohort, n=305) and a single Chinese Cancer Center (NCC cohort, n=268). Using a 1:2 ratio of propensity score matching (PSM), the prognostic impact of NAC for patients who underwent NAC before surgical treatment and patients who underwent surgical treatment alone was evaluated. After PSM, there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between patients receiving NAC prior to CRLM resection and those undergoing surgery only, in both the NCC and SEER cohorts (each P > 0.05). Age was an independent predictor of OS only in the SEER cohort (P = 0.040), while the pN stage was an independent predictor for OS only in the NCC cohort (P = 0.002). Furthermore, Disease-free survival (DFS) was comparable between the two groups in the NCC cohort. In a subgroup analysis, the DFS and OS in the NAC- group were significantly worse than those in the NAC+ group for patients with more than two liver metastases in the NCC cohort (P < 0.05 for both). NAC did not have a significant prognostic impact in patients with resectable synchronous CRLM. However, patients with more than two liver metastases could be good candidates for receiving NAC.

Long-term outcomes of staged liver resection for synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer and the clinical impact of early recurrence: A single-center retrospective cohort study.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term outcomes of staged liver resection for synchronous liver metastases (SLM) from colorectal cancer (CRC), and to elucidate the prognostic impact and predictors of early recurrence (ER), which was defined as recurrence within 6 mo. Patients with SLM from CRC, except for initially unresectable SLM, from January 2013 to December 2020 were included. First, overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) after staged liver resection were evaluated. Second, eligible patients were classified as follows: patients who were unresectable after resection of CRC (UR), patients with ER, and patients without ER (non-ER), and their OS after resection of CRC were compared. In addition, risk factors for ER were identified. The 3-y OS and RFS rates after resection of SLM were 78.8% and 30.8%, respectively. Next, the eligible patients were classified as follows: ER (N=24), non-ER (N=56), and UR (N=24). The non-ER group had a significantly better OS than the ER (3-y OS: 89.7% vs 48.0%, P=.001) and UR (3-y OS: 89.7% vs 61.6%, P < .001) groups, while there was no significant difference between the ER and UR groups in OS (3-y OS: 48.0% vs 61.6%, P=.638). Increasing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) before and after resection of CRC was identified as an independent risk factor for ER. Staged liver resection for SLM from CRC was feasible and useful for oncological evaluation, as changes in CEA could predict ER, which was associated with a poor prognosis.

Association of Simultaneous vs Delayed Resection of Liver Metastasis With Complications and Survival Among Adults With Colorectal Cancer

Simultaneous or delayed resection of synchronous liver metastasis (SLM) with primary colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a controversial topic. To investigate the outcomes of simultaneous vs delayed resection in patients with resectable SLM. This comparative effectiveness research study included 1569 patients with resectable SLM who underwent curative-intent liver resection at 3 independent centers in China between January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2019. A 1:1 propensity score matching was performed. Follow-up was completed on August 31, 2021, and the data were analyzed from April 1 to 30, 2022. Primary outcome was the percentage of patients with at least 1 major complication within 60 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes were intraoperative and postoperative complications, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates. Among the 1569 patients included, 1057 (67.4%) underwent delayed resection (719 men [68.0%] with a mean [SD] age of 57.4 [11.2] years), and 512 patients (310 men [60.5%] with a mean [SD] age of 57.1 [10.5] years) underwent simultaneous resection. Matching yielded 495 pairs of patients underwent simultaneous resection. The percentage of major perioperative complications did not differ between the simultaneous and delayed resection groups (34.1% vs 30.0%; P = .89). The OS rates were 65.2% at 3 years, 47.1% at 5 years, and 38.0% at 8 years for the delayed resection group and 78.0% at 3 years, 65.4% at 5 years, and 63.1% at 8 years for the simultaneous resection group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.42; 95% CI, 1.10-1.85, P = .003). The CSS rates were 68.3% at 3 years, 48.5% at 5 years, and 37.1% at 8 years for the delayed resection group and 79.2% at 3 years, 67.2% at 5 years, and 65.9% at 8 years for the simultaneous resection group (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.14-1.98; P = .004). On subgroup analysis comparing the 2 strategies according to the KRAS sequence variation status, the OS rates (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.45-2.18; P < .001) and CSS rates (HR, 1.62; 95 CI, 1.40-1.87; P = .003]) in the simultaneous resection group were significantly better than those in the delayed resection group in patients with KRAS wild-type tumors. Results of this study suggest that complication rates did not differ when CRC and SLM were resected simultaneously and that the survival benefits of simultaneous resection were restricted to patients with KRAS wild-type tumors. Integrating molecular features into the treatment decision is a basis for accurate, individualized treatments.

FDG metabolic parameter-based models for predicting recurrence after upfront surgery in synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

This study aimed to develop and validate post- and preoperative models for predicting recurrence after curative-intent surgery using an FDG PET-CT metabolic parameter to improve the prognosis of patients with synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis (SCLM). In this retrospective multicenter study, consecutive patients with resectable SCLM underwent upfront surgery between 2006 and 2015 (development cohort) and between 2006 and 2017 (validation cohort). In the development cohort, we developed and internally validated the post- and preoperative models using multivariable Cox regression with an FDG metabolic parameter (metastasis-to-primary-tumor uptake ratio [M/P ratio]) and clinicopathological variables as predictors. In the validation cohort, the models were externally validated for discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. Model performance was compared with that of Fong's clinical risk score (FCRS). A total of 374 patients (59.1 ± 10.5 years, 254 men) belonged in the development cohort and 151 (60.3 ± 12.0 years, 94 men) in the validation cohort. The M/P ratio and nine clinicopathological predictors were included in the models. Both postoperative and preoperative models showed significantly higher discrimination than FCRS (p < .05) in the external validation (time-dependent AUC = 0.76 [95% CI 0.68-0.84] and 0.76 [0.68-0.84] vs. 0.65 [0.57-0.74], respectively). Calibration plots and decision curve analysis demonstrated that both models were well calibrated and clinically useful. The developed models are presented as a web-based calculator ( https://cpmodel.shinyapps.io/SCLM/ ) and nomograms. FDG metabolic parameter-based prognostic models are well-calibrated recurrence prediction models with good discriminative power. They can be used for accurate risk stratification in patients with SCLM. • In this multicenter study, we developed and validated prediction models for recurrence in patients with resectable synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis using a metabolic parameter from FDG PET-CT. • The developed models showed good predictive performance on external validation, significantly exceeding that of a pre-existing model. • The models may be utilized for accurate patient risk stratification, thereby aiding in therapeutic decision-making.

Simultaneous or staged resection for synchronous liver metastasis and primary rectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in France and by the time of the diagnosis, 15–25% of patients will suffer from synchronous liver metastases. Surgery associated to neoadjuvant treatment can cure these patients, but few studies focus only on rectal cancer. This study was meant to compare the outcomes of patients who underwent a simultaneous resection to those who underwent a staged resection (rectum first or liver first) in the University Hospital of Tours, France.MethodsWe assessed retrospectively a prospective maintained data base about the clinical, pathological and survival outcomes of patients who underwent a simultaneous or a staged resection in our center between 2010 and 2018. A propensity score matching was used, considering the initial characteristics of our groups.ResultsThere were 70 patients (55/15 males, female respectively) with median age 60 (54–68) years. After matching 48 (69%) of them underwent a staged approach and 22 (31%) a simultaneous approach were compared. After PSM, there were 22 patients in each group. No differences were found in terms of morbidity (p = 0.210), overall survival (p = 0.517) and disease-free survival (p = 0.691) at 3 years after matching. There were significantly less recurrences in the simultaneous group (50% vs 81.8%, p = 0.026).ConclusionsSimultaneous resection of the rectal primary cancer and synchronous liver metastases is safe and feasible with no difference in terms of survival.

The optimal treatment sequence for patients with stage IV rectal cancer and limited liver metastases: a nationwide comparison of two strategies.

Background: In the Netherlands, different treatments sequences are used for rectal cancer patients with resectable synchronous liver metastases. Two common sequences used are the M1-scheme (M1) and the liver-first approach (LF). The aim of this study was to compare the oncological outcomes of patients treated with M1 and LF.

Are the Short-Term Outcomes of Liver First Approach Different Depending on the Location of the Primary?

Introduction: Liver first approach was initially described for asymptomatic rectal tumors with unresectable/potentially resectable synchronous liver metastases. These criteria have been expanded over the years. We present data from a Spanish study of reverse strategy. Method: Prospective observational study in Spanish hospitals from 6/1/19 to 8/31/20. Clinical Trials registry: NCT04683783. Results: A total of 40 hospitals participated. During the study period, 2,288 hepatectomies were performed in the participating centers, 1,350 for CRLM, and 153 (11.3%) by reverse strategy. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those whose primary located in the rectum (rectum group -RG- 74 patients) and those with primary in other location (other location group -OLG- 79). In the RG, 75% of the patients were men; in the OLG the distribution by sex was similar. The median number of liver metastases in the RG was lower than in OLG (3 vs 4), as well as the median size of the lesions (27 vs 33 mm). Morbidity after liver surgery was similar in both groups (26.8 -RG- vs 23.4%). Mortality was 1.3% (2 patients, one from each group). Postoperative data after primary resection are in Table 1. 82.8% of the patients of the RG received adjuvant chemotherapy, by 68.7% of the OLG patients. Overall mortality rate was similar in both groups (5.6 vs 5.1%). Conclusion: Liver first approach is routinely performed in patients with the primary tumor in other location than rectum, although it was not the initial indication, with similar rates of postoperative morbidity and mortality.Tabled 1EP01A-002OLG (N=79)RG(N=74)p valueSex (male)41 (51.9%)56 (75.7%)0.004Approach46 (58.0%)56 (75.7%)0.114Number of liver metastasis4.00 [2.00;6.00]3.00 [2.00;6.00]0.205Larger metastasis size33.0 [17.2;60.0]27.0 [20.0;40.0]0.381Morbidity after liver surgery18 (23.4%)20 (26.8%)1.000Operating time (primary)180 [150;230]220 [180;278]0.021Morbidity after primary resection17 (21.7%)25 (33.8%)0.170Reoperation rate4.41%9.23%0.318Mean stay6.00 [5.00;9.00]7.00 [5.00;11.0]0.293 Open table in a new tab

Simultaneous resection on the patient with synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: two cases report

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the third most common cancer worldwide.One of the leading causes of death in CRC patients is due to its metastasis. The liver is the most common site of metastasis. The best treatment to achieve long-term survival and cure patients with CRC liver metastasis is surgery, whether it’s sequential, delayed, or simultaneous resection.This case study aims to evaluate the simultaneous resection on the patient with synchronous colorectal liver metastasis.Case Presentation: From January-June 2020, in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, 2 patients were treated with simultaneous resection for CRC with resectable synchronous liver metastasis. Blood loss, bile leak, ascites, and post hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) were observed as outcome parameters.Conclusion: Simultaneous resection is safe and exhibits advantages in the long-time survival of patients. However, the incidence of complications and mortality are higher in simultaneous resection than in staged resection.

Comparative study on prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by hepatic surgery versus upfront surgery in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastasis

Objective: To compare the survival outcome in patients with synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by hepatic surgery versus upfront surgery strategies. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Data of patients undergoing surgery at the Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Unit I of Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2008 to December 2018 for initially resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastasis were retrospectively collected. A total of 282 cases were enrolled, including 244 in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, 38 in the upfront surgery first group. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of the two groups were compared. A propensity score risk adjustment was used to eliminate potential bias between groups, and the covariates including sex, age, location of primary tumor, T stage, clinical risk score (CRS), RAS gene status, adjuvant chemotherapy, and resection margin status were included for adjustment. Results: In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, 244 cases received 4 (1-15) cycles of chemotherapy before hepatic resection, among whom 207 cases received oxaliplatin-based regimens, 37 cases received irinotecan-based regimens, and 90 cases received combined targeted agents in the first line treatment. The median follow-up time was 30 (5-134) months, and loss of follow-up was 1%. Before adjustment, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 1-year and 3-year OS rates in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (95.1% and 66.4%) were better than those in the upfront surgery first group (94.7% and 51.5%, P=0.026); 1-year and 3-year PFS rates in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (51.0% and 23.4%) were also better than those in surgery first group (39.5% and 11.5%, P=0.039). After propensity score risk adjustment, Cox multivariate analysis indicated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy was an independent protective factor of PFS (HR=0.664, 95% CI: 0.449-0.982, P=0.040), however, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not an independent protective factor of OS (HR=0.651, 95% CI: 0.393-1.079, P=0.096). Subgroup analysis showed that the 1-year and 3-year OS rates in the patients with response to the first line treatment (194, including complete remission, partial remission and reduction but not partial remission) (96.9% and 67.1%) were better than those in the upfront surgery group (94.7% and 51.5%, P=0.026) after adjustment. However, the 1-year and 3-year OS rates in the patients without response to the first line treatment (50, including tumor progression or enlargement) were 90.0% and 63.3%, respectively, which were not significantly different with 94.7% and 51.5% in the upfront surgery group (P=0.310) after adjustment. Conclusions: For patients with resectable synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis, liver resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy can provide longer PFS than upfront surgery. Although the whole OS benefit is not significant, patients with effective neoadjuvant first-line chemotherapy have better OS than those undergoing upfront surgery.

Simultaneous Resection of Primary Colorectal Cancer and Synchronous Liver Metastases: Contemporary Practice, Evidence and Knowledge Gaps.

The timing of surgical resection of synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer has been debated for decades. Several strategies have been proposed, but high-level evidence remains scarce. Simultaneous resection of the primary tumour and liver metastases has been described in numerous retrospective audits and meta-analyses. The potential benefits of simultaneous resections are the eradication of the tumour burden in one procedure, overall shorter procedure time, reduced hospital stay with the likely benefits on quality of life and an expected reduction in the use of health care services compared to staged procedures. However, concerns about accumulating complications and oncological outcomes remain and the optimal selection criteria for whom simultaneous resections are beneficial remains undetermined. Based on the current level of evidence, simultaneous resection should be restricted to patients with a limited liver tumour burden. More high-level evidence studies are needed to evaluate the quality of life, complication burden, oncological outcomes, as well as overall health care implications for simultaneous resections.

Surgical resection of synchronous liver metastases in gastric cancer patients. A propensity score-matched study.

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to determine the value of synchronous liver resection in patients with oligo-metastatic gastric cancer and the prognostic factors in these patients.Patients and methodsWe compared the results of 21 gastric patients with liver metastases and synchronous liver resection (LMR) to 21 propensity score-matched patients with gastric cancer and liver metastases in whom liver resection was not performed (LM0) and to a propensity score-matched control group of 21 patients without liver metastases and stage III and IV resectable gastric cancer (CG).ResultsThe overall 5-year survival of LMR, LM0 and CG were 14.3%, 0%, and 19%, respectively (p = 0.002). Five-year survival was 47.5% for well-differentiated tumour compared to 0% in patients with moderate or poor tumour differentiation (p = 0.006). In addition, patients with R0 resection and TNM stage N0–1 had a significantly better survival compared to patients with TNM N stage N2–3 (5-year survival: 60% for N0–1 vs. 7.7% for N2–3; p = 0.007).ConclusionsThe results presented in the study support synchronous liver resections in gastric patients and provide additional criteria for patient selection.

Simultaneous Resection for Patient with Resectable Synchronous Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastasis, Comparing the Result between Laparotomy and Laparoscopic Groups: Our Experience at Chi-Mei Hospital

Simultaneous Resection for Patient with Resectable Synchronous Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastasis, Comparing the Result between Laparotomy and Laparoscopic Groups: Our Experience at Chi-Mei Hospital

Outcomes of Simultaneous Resection of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors with Synchronous Liver Metastases.

This study evaluated the short- and long-term outcomes of synchronous resection of liver metastases (LM) from small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SB-NET). A retrospective review of patients undergoing resection for LMs from SB-NETs from January 1997 and December 2018 was performed. There were 44 patients with synchronous SB-NET and LMs. Perioperative and 90-day mortality values were zero, and the morbidity rate was 27%. The median overall survival (OS) was 128.4months (CI 95% 74.0-161.5months) with 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of 100%, 83%, 79%, and 60%, respectively. Not achieving surgical treatment for LM was the unique independent factor for survival (HR 6.50; CI 95% 1.54-27.28; p = 0.01) in patients with unresected LMs having OS and 10-year survival rates (42months, 33%) versus patients undergoing liver resection (152months, 66%)(p = 0.0008). The recurrence rate was 81.8% and associated with longer OS and 5-year survival rates when limited to the liver [223months (61%) vs 94months (87%)]. Simultaneous resection of SB-NETs with synchronous LMs was safe and associated with considerable long-term survival even in the presence of bilobar disease. However, recurrence after resection was common (81%) but associated with longer survival rates when limited to the liver.

Preoperative chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis.

The response to preoperative chemotherapy is useful for predicting prognosis in unresectable and resectable disease. However, the prognostic benefit of chemotherapy prior to hepatectomy in patients with colorectal carcinoma and resectable or marginally resectable liver metastases remains unclear. The present study investigated the effect of preoperative chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer and resectable or marginally resectable synchronous liver metastasis. A total of 106 patients were retrospectively reviewed, who underwent hepatectomy for colorectal metastasis. The prognosis of 64 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were compared with the 42 patients who did not (non-NAC). Furthermore, a total of 43 patients who responded to chemotherapy were compared with the 21 who did not. Preoperative chemotherapy was administered for 5.7 months, wherein 50 patients (78%) received a single regimen, and 54 (84%) received oxaliplatin. There were more patients with <3 metastases and maximum diameters <5 cm in the non-NAC group. The median survival time was 86.0 and 71.6 months in the NAC and non-NAC groups, respectively (P=0.33). Subgroup analysis on the basis of tumor size and number showed no prognostic differences between the two groups. The median survival time was longer in responders than in non-responders (85 vs. 56 months; P=0.01). However, the median relapse-free survival was equivalent in both groups (16.4 and 10.7 months). Preoperative chemotherapy did not prolong survival. Furthermore, it did not prevent recurrence, even in clinical responders. Therefore, it should not be routinely offered to patients with resectable liver metastasis before their hepatectomy.

Perioperative safety in patients with resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastases.

Worldwide, at least a quarter of the patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are diagnosed with metastatic disease at presentation and many of them eventually succumb to their disease. A third of these patients may have their metastatic disease burden confined to the liver. It has been estimated that about 15–25% of CRC patients initially present with synchronous resectable liver metastases (SRLM) (1). These patients represent a group whose oncologic prognosis has significantly improved over the past decades (2).

Timing of Perioperative Chemotherapy Does Not Influence Long-Term Outcome of Patients Undergoing Combined Laparoscopic Colorectal and Liver Resection in Selected Upfront Resectable Synchronous Liver Metastases.

The aim of this study was to compare patients undergoing combined colorectal and hepatic surgery with and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy to clarify the prognostic advantage of preoperative oncological treatment in a case-matched analysis using propensity scores and to identify factors predictive of good prognosis in a selected population of Synchronous ColoRectal Liver Metastases (SCRLM). A total of 73 patients who underwent upfront elective combined surgery without preoperative CT for SCRLM in two European tertiary referral centers were selected and constituted the study group (NoNACT group). The NoNACT group was matched (ratio 1:1) with patients who were operated after chemotherapy with neoadjuvant intent (NACT group, the control group). The matching was achieved based on six covariates representative of patients and disease characteristics. While the characteristics of both colorectal and hepatic procedures were similar, the NoNACT group, as compared to the NACT group, had lower blood loss (200mL vs. 550mL). Postoperative stay (9 vs. 12days) and morbidity rate (24.7% vs. 32.9%) were reduced in the NoNACT compared with the NACT group. Mid- and long-term outcomes were comparable. At multivariable analysis, predictors of long-term outcome were: right colonic neoplasms, RAS mutational status, CRS score ≥3 and the absence of perioperative chemotherapy. Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous resectable liver metastases does not influence the risk of recurrence in patients with favorable tumor biology, while it was associated with increased intraoperative blood loss and morbidity. There is no strong evidence to recommend upfront chemotherapy in the absence of negative prognostic factors.

2019 Canadian Surgery Forum Abstracts.

# 01. The future of general surgery training: a Canadian resident nationwide Delphi consensus statement {#article-title-2} Various pedagogical models have been introduced in an attempt to improve and restructure surgical training, but significant obstacles remain. Before implementing national

Impact of increased resection rates and a liver parenchyma sparing strategy on long-term survival after surgery for colorectal liver metastases. A population-based study

Background and aims: Expanded criteria for resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) have led to a more aggressive surgical attitude. The aim is to evaluate any impact of expanded criteria on perioperative mortality and long-term survival.Materials and methods: A population based study from 2001 to 2015 for patients undergoing surgery for CRLM. The cohort was divided into three 5-year periods.Results: A total of 341 patients underwent resection of CRLM. Relative to the number of colorectal primaries, patients resected for CRLM increased from 82/2520 (3.3%) in 2001–2005 to 151/3071 (4.9%) in 2011–2015 (p = .007). The proportion of patients who underwent formal resections declined from 62% to 21%. There was a substantial increase in resections of synchronous liver metastases, portal vein embolizations, two-stage resections, and the share of octogenarians who underwent resection. The proportion of patients undergoing reresections of new liver recurrences increased from 6% to 24%. The 90-d postoperative mortality for 2001–2005, 2006–2010, and 2011–2015 were 7.9%, 0.8%, and 2.0%, respectively. The median overall survival was 47 months during the two first periods, for the last period not reached. The 5-year overall survival remained at 40% from 2001 to 2010, and estimated at 55.2% from 2011 to 2015. The 5-year disease-free survival was well above 30%. The 5-year overall survival following liver reresection was 52.6%.Conclusion: Postoperative mortality remained at approximately 2%, and the 5-year overall survival at 40% in the first 10 years, but increased to 55% in the last 5 years under study, despite a marked increase in resection rates.