Research Process Research Articles

Applying MCDM to evaluate benchmark scores in the logistics sector for the period 2021–2023: Application to universities in Vietnam

Choosing a university is a crucial decision for each field of study, as it significantly influences the quality of graduates. An important factor in this decision is the university’s annual benchmark scores. The benchmark score represents the minimum score required for admission. This study evaluates the benchmark scores in the logistics sector for several prominent universities in Vietnam during the period 2021–2023. The research process utilized data on the benchmark scores for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023. The weights of these benchmark scores were calculated using the Rank Order Centroid (ROC) method, and the Probability method was employed to compare the benchmark scores of the universities. The analysis identified C3 as the criterion with the highest importance, while U3 emerged as the top-ranked alternative. The two-stage comprehensive sensitivity analysis revealed that universities consistently ranked high or low regardless of the method used to calculate benchmark score weights or the method employed for ranking. Additionally, the smallest weight change that affected the overall Probability ranking was 4.61%. This study provides significant guidance for students in selecting a university for logistics studies and serves as a foundational reference for universities to assess their capabilities in logistics education, thereby fostering healthy competition among institutions.

Comparative analysis of buoyancy-driven hydromagnetic flow and heat transfer in a partially heated square enclosure using Cu-Fe3O4 and MoS2-Fe3O4 nanofluids

Purpose This study aims to investigate entropy generation through natural convection and examine heat transfer properties within a partially heated and cooled enclosure influenced by an angled magnetic field. The enclosure, subjected to consistent heat production or absorption, contains a porous medium saturated with a hybrid nanofluid blend of Cu-Fe3O4 and MoS2-Fe3O4. Design/methodology/approach The temperature and velocity equations are converted to a dimensionless form using suitable non-dimensional quantities, adhering to the imposed constraints. To solve these transformed dimensionless equations, the finite-difference method, based on the MAC (Marker and Cell) technique, is used. Comprehensive numerical simulations address various control parameters, including nanoparticle volume fraction, Rayleigh number, heat source or sink, Darcy number, Hartmann number and slit position. The results are illustrated through streamlines, isotherms, average Nusselt numbers and entropy generation plots, offering a clear visualization of the impact of these parameters across different scenarios. Findings Results obtained show that the Cu-Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid exhibits higher entropy generation than the MoS2-Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid when comparing them at a Rayleigh number of 106 and a Darcy number of 10–1. The MoS2 hybrid nanofluid demonstrates a low permeability, as evidenced by an average Darcy number of 10–3, in comparison to the Cu hybrid nanofluid. The isothermal contours for a Rayleigh number of 104are positioned parallel to the vertical walls. Additionally, the quantity of each isotherm contour adjacent to the hot wall is being monitored. The Cu and MoS2 nanoparticles exhibit the highest average entropy generation at a Rayleigh number of 105 and a Darcy number of 10–1, respectively. When a uniform heat sink is present, the temperature gradient in the central part of the cavity decreases. In contrast, the absence of a heat source or sink leads to a more intense temperature distribution within the cavity. This differs significantly from the scenario where a uniform heat sink regulates the temperature. Originality/value The originality of this study is to examine the generation of entropy in natural convection within a partially heated and cooled enclosure that contains hybrid nanofluids. Partially heated corners are essential for optimizing heat transfer in a wide range of industrial applications. This enhancement is achieved by increasing the surface area, which improves convective heat transfer. These diverse applications encompass fields such as chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, surface research, energy production and heat recovery processes. Researchers have been working on improving the precision of heated and cold corners using various methods, such as numerical, experimental and analytical approaches. These efforts aim to enhance the broad utility of these corners further.

Assessing the development of a human-centered economy in Russia: A methodological approach

Aim. To build and sub stantiate the author’s methodology for assessing the development of human-centered economy. In view of the insufficiency of theoretical and empirical research in the field of formation and development of economy for human beings, the demand for this scientific research is actualized in order to better meet human needs.Objectives. To develop a methodology for assessing the development of human-centered economy; to test it on the example of the Russian Federation (RF), including Russian regions.Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was formed by the provisions of the theory of human-centered economy. The methods used include normalization, linear scaling, and “series of information criteria” methods. Visualization of the obtained results was carried out on the basis of spatial modeling software package GeoDA. The information base was the data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, Rospatent for 2018-2022.Results. The methodology for calculating the integral index of human-centered economy development has been developed. It was calculated by integrating 87 specific indices and eight subindices. The process of research revealed that this economic system is at the initial stages of development with isogressive-regressive trajectory, has insignificantly developed constituent components in the form of creative and cognitive spheres.Conclusions. The proposed methodology provides a basis for further scientific research in similar studies, as well as for the formation of targeted measures to support the challenging spheres of human activity and human-centered economy as a whole.

Physical activity interventions to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a systematic review.

To review evidence regarding the impact of physical activity interventions for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. We searched for published reports of physical activity interventions for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes in Indigenous adults (18 years or older). There were no exclusion criteria regarding study type or duration, frequency, length, or intensity of physical activity, except that short term interventions were excluded. We assessed the quality of each study using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools and the ethical and methodological quality of studies from an Indigenous Australian perspective with the Centre of Research Excellence in Aboriginal Chronic Disease Knowledge Translation and Exchange (CREATE) Critical Appraisal Tool. MEDLINE; Scopus, Embase (Elsevier); Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Sports Discus, PsycINFO (EBSCO); Informit Complete; ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and ProQuest Health and Medicine; each from their inception to 30 October 2022. The database searches identified 703 potentially relevant records; after removing duplicates and initial screening, the full text of 27 articles was assessed for eligibility. Nine studies met our inclusion criteria: two randomised controlled trials, five cohort studies, one quasi-experimental study, and one repeated cross-sectional study. Eight studies were rated as being of low or medium quality (median JBI score, 54%; interquartile range [IQR], 36-64%); seven studies were rated as being of low to medium ethical and methodological quality from the Indigenous perspective (median CREATE score, 50%; IQR, 36-64%). Six studies reported changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, of which two (both cohort studies) reported significantly lower mean HbA1c levels after the intervention, but only one publication provided detailed results. No randomised controlled trials that investigated the effect of a combination of physical activity and dietary change for Indigenous Australians diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were identified. Differences in study design, outcome variables, and the small number of studies precluded meta-analysis. Quality research into the impact of physical activity interventions on type 2 diabetes in Indigenous people is sparse. To improve research translation, studies that involve Indigenous community members at all levels of the research process are needed. PROSPERO CRD42021247496 (prospective).

An Action Research on Basic Competence in Science and Technology in Social Studies Course

Social Studies course is one of the basic courses that prepare students for social life. Change and development have become important in science and technology in the present time. Social Studies course has found its place in the development and change in science and technology. Developments in science and technology are given in Social Studies course, considering the basic competences in science and technology. The aim of this research is to reveal the process of activities related to the basic competence area of social studies course regarding science and technology and to determine the views of students and teachers regarding this process. The research was designed in action research pattern which is one of the qualitative research methods. The research was conducted in the first and second semesters of 2022-2023 academic year. The participants of the research are 6th grade students and their social studies teacher. The data of the research, observation form, teacher and student diaries, student products, semi-structured interview forms were gathered via video recordings of the researcher in the process. Data analysis of the research was conducted using descriptive analysis method. In the research it was concluded that the activities conducted regarding basic competence in science and technology in social studies course entertained the students during the course, the course was better comprehended and the subjects were learned easily. In addition, it was concluded that the activities related to the basic competence in science and technology in Social Studies course improved students' ability to conduct research using scientific research process, and realized the importance of the scientific ethics concept, respect for labor and citing references. Considering the results of the research, recommendations for practitioners and researchers were made.

Wearable Biosensor Smart Glasses Based on Augmented Reality and Eye Tracking.

With the rapid development of wearable biosensor technology, the combination of head-mounted displays and augmented reality (AR) technology has shown great potential for health monitoring and biomedical diagnosis applications. However, further optimizing its performance and improving data interaction accuracy remain crucial issues that must be addressed. In this study, we develop smart glasses based on augmented reality and eye tracking technology. Through real-time information interaction with the server, the smart glasses realize accurate scene perception and analysis of the user's intention and combine with mixed-reality display technology to provide dynamic and real-time intelligent interaction services. A multi-level hardware architecture and optimized data processing process are adopted during the research process to enhance the system's real-time accuracy. Meanwhile, combining the deep learning method with the geometric model significantly improves the system's ability to perceive user behavior and environmental information in complex environments. The experimental results show that when the distance between the subject and the display is 1 m, the eye tracking accuracy of the smart glasses can reach 1.0° with an error of no more than ±0.1°. This study demonstrates that the effective integration of AR and eye tracking technology dramatically improves the functional performance of smart glasses in multiple scenarios. Future research will further optimize smart glasses' algorithms and hardware performance, enhance their application potential in daily health monitoring and medical diagnosis, and provide more possibilities for the innovative development of wearable devices in medical and health management.

A small lens on timescales and multimodality in classroom language learning emotions

AbstractEmpirical work exploring additional language (L+) learning emotions has both proliferated and expanded its focus over the past 15 years. The current article explores one possibility for responding to the challenge of capturing and describing emotions in order to furnish a more contextualized, multidimensional picture of emotions in L+ learning: the small‐lens approach. From the perspective of the author as a practitioner–researcher, this article draws on data from an L+ discussion activity. Via the activity, the practitioner–researcher identified an emotional outcome of interest and examined the historical buildup to this phenomenon. A narrative of the research process applied aims to illustrate the ways in which multimodal analysis and interrogation of psychological timescales might illuminate intersections between the social and individual. Rather than delineating a complete description of the research, the article strives to intimate possibilities and stimulate more nuanced, situated, and dynamic empirical work into the emergence of emotions in instructed L+ learning. While not the primary focus, some of the teleological (functional) aspects of emotions and emotional expression are also unearthed.

Experience in applying large language models to analyse sociological data obtained as a result of interviews on students’ perception of entrepreneurial activity

Modern society is experiencing a digital transformation of various spheres associated with the development of artificial intelligence and big data. The introduction of large language models (hereinafter referred to as LLM) into scientific research opens new opportunities, but also raises a number of questions, which makes it relevant to study the peculiarities of their application for qualitative data analysis in sociology. The purpose of this article is to explore how LLM can influence the methodology and practice of sociological research, and to identify the advantages and disadvantages of their application. The authors rely on the use of the Calude-3 LLM to qualitatively analyse empirical data from a sociological study of students’ perception of ­entrepreneurship. The possibilities of LLM in the analysis of qualitative data are revealed: analysis of sentiment, construction of logical conclusions, classification, clustering, and formation of typologies. The advantages of using LLM are shown: increased data processing speed, saving time and resources. The application of LLM becomes a tool to optimise the research process in sociology, allowing to deepen the analysis of qualitative data, but it also has a number of limitations: social and political bias, difficulties with hallucinations. It is necessary to increase the transparency of models, improve their interpretability and explainability and reduce their social and political bias as well as ethical and legal regulation of the use of LLM models.

Replicable and extensible spatial data acquisition

ABSTRACT Having the ability to reproduce empirical results is foundational to the scientific process. Increasingly, there is an emphasis within the research community to create workflows which are not only reproducible but also replicable in that analytical approaches can be applied to new data. However, a disproportionate number of technical solutions designed to foster reproducibility and replicability have focused on data analysis, particularly within geography. This paper argues for greater attention on a phase of the research process which precedes analysis and is often taken for granted – that of data acquisition. Through code examples using the R Project for Statistical Computing, this paper demonstrates a path toward replicable spatial data acquisition for both secondary and primary data acquisition, with a focus on crowdsourced geographic information. The modular approach demonstrated is flexible in that it allows for straightforward replication but also enables extension to new spatial questions. Such work is valuable because it conserves labor, promotes research provenance, and allows for more robust analyses.

Research on Geothermal Geology and Heat-Forming Conditions in the Tangyuan Fault Depression

In order to gain an in-depth understanding of the geothermal geological characteristics and heat-forming conditions in the Tangyuan fault-depression area, this paper has carried out a series of detailed geological works, including geological surveys and geophysical explorations. Through these works, combined with the results of systematic drilling, sampling tests, and dynamic monitoring, we have studied, analyzed, and compared the relevant data to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the geological characteristics in the Tangyuan fault-depression area. During the research process, we preliminarily determined the stratigraphic structure and geological structure in this area and clarified the characteristics of the main geothermal reservoir and its burial conditions. These findings provide basic data support for our understanding of the formation and distribution of geothermal resources. At the same time, we have carried out a systematic analysis of the basic geothermal geological parameters, laying the foundation for the future calculation and evaluation of geothermal resource reserves. Through the collation and analysis of these research results, this paper not only provides a scientific basis for the development of geothermal resources in the Tangyuan fault-depression area but also provides specific references for future development prospect plans. This series of work will lay a solid foundation for further development and utilization of geothermal resources and promote the sustainable development of the regional economy.

Using participatory and inclusive methodologies to explore inclusive education in Africa

Background: This paper presents researchers’ experiences using participatory, inclusive research methodologies to explore aspects of inclusive education, with children with disabilities, parents, and teachers in Nigeria and Kenya.Objectives: The objective is to describe working with children and adults with disabilities, as research collaborators, alongside local INGO staff and OPD partners.Method: In Kenya we worked with 9 peer researchers with disabilities to run focus groups and interviews with children with disabilities, parents and teachers about inclusive pre-school education. In Nigeria we ran participatory workshops with children with disabilities, and their parents discussing what makes school and community settings inclusive, to inform the design of a Wellbeing and Inclusion checklist. The studies were based in pilot primary schools and Early Childhood Development and Education (ECDE or pre-school) classes in Nigeria and Kenya respectively. The data produced were recordings and notes from focus group discussions, interviews and activities and reflections from the peer researchers. Data analysis was an inclusive participatory process of thematic analysis carried out in person and online.Results: These innovative approaches demonstrate that with careful planning and support, both adults and children with disabilities can be involved very directly in research processes not just as participants but as researchers.Conclusion: We argue that using participatory, disability-inclusive approaches helps to make the findings more nuanced and genuine and the data and outputs generated uniquely grounded in people’s realities and perspectives.Contribution: These methods can potentially inform the mainstreaming of a disability inclusion approach into international development debates and activities.

The Impact of the Issuance of e-CNY on the Business Strategy of Commercial Banks

This article comprehensively analyzes the issuance background, main features, technical architecture, and the impact on commercial banking operations and regulatory systems of China's Digital Currency Electronic Payment (DCEP or e-CNY). E-CNY is a legal digital currency that has the essential functions of money and a centralized two-tier operating system, making it compatible and stable with the current financial system. The article first outlines the main characteristics of e-CNY, reviews in detail the research and development process and pilot situations since 2014, and demonstrates its application progress in various scenarios. Furthermore, the article delves into the profound impact of e-CNY on commercial banks' deposits, loans, and international operations, suggesting that e-CNY may reduce the deposit base of commercial banks while providing Chinas small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with a lower-cost financing channel, thereby promoting the development of the real economy. On the international front, promoting e-CNY is expected to enhance cross-border payments' efficiency and strengthen CNY's international competitiveness. Subsequent analysis of the practice of China Construction Bank (CCB) in the field of e-CNY showcases how commercial banks adapt to the era of digital currency. It also points out the need for further clarification and improvement of the regulatory framework to ensure the sustainable development of e-CNY. Finally, particular attention is given to the regulatory challenges e-CNY poses, especially regarding anonymity management, personal information protection, and delineating regulatory responsibilities.

Adopting Zero-waste Pattern-making Techniques for Apparel Product Development

Every year, the fashion industry churns out millions of clothing items with fresh styles, resulting in significant fabric waste during production. This fabric waste contributes to environmental pollution. Embracing zero-waste pattern-making techniques for clothing production offers a viable solution to curbing this issue. By utilising the entire fabric yardage, these techniques aim to minimise or eliminate fabric waste after garment production. Zero-waste design is a holistic approach that integrates designing, production and sourcing processes. This article aims to propose solutions for controlling fabric waste through innovative zero-waste pattern-design techniques, thereby fostering a sustainable future. Traditionally, the apparel production process utilises 85% of fabrics, leaving behind 15% as wastage. The challenge lies in reducing this 15% wastage to zero (Abernathy et al., 1999). However, it is acknowledged that not everyone can readily adopt zero-waste pattern techniques. It requires creativity to develop optimal design solutions for apparel production. Collaboration among designers, pattern makers, academics and production professionals is essential for researching and identifying the best creative practices and solutions for integrating zero-waste pattern-making techniques into the apparel production process. Developing approaches for zero-waste pattern-making involves researching basic pattern design principles, understanding associated challenges and analysing outcomes. This research and development process in zero-waste pattern-making can pave the way for better sustainable practices, ultimately contributing to the reduction of fabric waste pollution and fostering a more sustainable future.

Abstract B046: Enhanced immune cell engineering utilizing a novel, effective intracellular delivery method for introduction of diverse cargo types

Abstract Engineered immune cell therapies have great potential to revolutionize cancer therapeutics and progress has been made in developing both engineering and manufacturing methodologies. However, limitations remain in some areas including long manufacturing times, potential for cell exhaustion, and limited access to the disease site as in the case for solid tumors. In addition, some immune cell types such as monocytes, B cells, and gamma delta T cells have remained difficult to engineer.Portal has developed a novel implementation of mechanoporation technology using a silicon membrane with pores which enables deformation of the cell and poration of the cell membrane, allowing for diffusion of any cargo, charged or uncharged, into the cell. Mechanoporation is a gentle intracellular delivery technique which preserves cell viability and function in cells (DiTommaso, et al PNAS 2018) and has the potential to shorten manufacturing time as well as allow for introduction of key therapy enhancing factors via transient modifications shortly before therapy administration. Portal has established methodology for cytoplasmic introduction of many diverse cargo including mRNA, circular RNA, siRNA, proteins, peptides, and CRISPR RNPs to primary immune cells, including both unstimulated and activated T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes and iPSCs. The Portal technology is easily scalable, enabling both research scale (1e6 - 5e7 cells) and process scale (over 1e9 cells) deliveries. Editing and RNA expression efficiencies are above 80% with viability maintained at 70% or above. We have demonstrated sustained expression of circular RNA, and have successfully delivered an mRNA CAR. Cargo can easily be multiplexed with equivalent delivery efficiencies across cargo classes. Portal’s methodology is gentle and effective enough to be utilized multiple times within a therapeutic workflow. For example, we have demonstrated high editing efficiencies in unstimulated T cells, followed by rapid expansion for 7 days and subsequent mRNA delivery at clinical scale - yielding over 50% knockout and 90% mRNA expression. Portal’s technology and approach has the potential to further advance immune cell therapy developments, particularly in multiplexed engineering approaches involving simultaneous delivery of multiple cargos. Coupled with Portal’s compatibility with diverse immune cell types and next generation cargos, such as circRNA, we believe this simple approach to intracellular delivery can dramatically reduce manufacturing time and cost, easily integrate into existing clinical equipment and enable unique enhancements that underpin a new generation of therapeutics. Citation Format: Zhihui Song, Eleni Rogers, Sophia Hirsch, Andrew Larocque, Darby Kreienberg, Rachel Conover, Jacquelyn Hanson, Alec Barclay, Mathias Pawlak, Armon Sharei. Enhanced immune cell engineering utilizing a novel, effective intracellular delivery method for introduction of diverse cargo types [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2024 Oct 18-21; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2024;12(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B046.

Analisis Dinamik Model Predator-Prey dengan Efek Pemanenan Pada Populasi Ikan Nike (Awaous Melanocephalus) di Provinsi Gorontalo

Gorontalo Province is one of the areas directly adjacent to Tomini Bay, which is known for its rich natural resources, especially in the fisheries sector such as Nike fish (Awaous melanocephalus). Nike fish is the main food commodity for people in the Gorontalo region. However, intensive fishing activities can pose an extinction threat to this species. This study aims to understand the dynamics of the Nike fish population using a predator-prey model that integrates the effects of harvesting on the prey population. The research process includes formulation of assumptions, model building, model validation, and data analysis through mathematical analysis and numerical simulation. The analysis showed that the model has four equilibrium points, each with different stability conditions. Numerical simulations showed that an increase in harvesting rate and natural mortality of prey, as well as a decrease in birth rate, could threaten the viability of the Nike fish population. Thus, appropriate management efforts are needed to maintain ecosystem balance and the sustainability of the Nike fish population. The calculation results show that the Nike fish production threshold in Gorontalo Province is 8.470.858 kg per year. However, the amount of Nike fish production in Gorontalo Province in 2023 only reached 56,75% of the threshold. This indicates that the production of Nike fish in Gorontalo can still be increased as long as the harvest limit is observed to prevent extinction.

Using the 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12) to evaluate self-rated health in an environmental justice community

The Greater Fifth Ward (GFW) is a Northeast Houston, Texas, neighborhood with a legacy of industrial contamination and a confirmed cancer cluster. To understand self-rated health in the GFW, community-based participatory research (CBPR), was used to promote the inclusion of all partners. CBPR involves the community during each stage of the research process from design to research dissemination. A complete census was conducted, and 114 surveys were obtained in the environmental justice (EJ) community from July to November 2021. EJ communities shoulder an unfair burden of environmental exposures, pollution, and poor built environments. Mental and physical health were measured using the validated 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12v2). We posited that the Black or African American (Black/AA) community would have lower mental composite scores (MCS) and physical composite scores (PCS) compared to the nation and their White counterparts. The MCS and PCS were calculated and compared against the national mean. Overall, participants had higher MCS and lower PCS than the national mean. Black/AA males and females had lower MCS compared to their White counterparts. White females had the lowest PCS among all respondents, significantly lower than the national average. MCS was lower among those who lived in the neighborhood longer. Burdens from pollution may impact residents’ health and perceived health. Targeted interventions or programs that improve mental or physical health would benefit this community and other inequitably burdened neighborhoods.

Mindfulness meditation among South African psychologists: a pathway to ‘being’ amid existential suffering in contemporary South Africa

Mindfulness is currently regarded as a life skill as well as part of an approach to life that can generate beneficial intrapersonal and relational outcomes. Given the centrality of intrapersonal and relational outcomes in psychotherapeutic encounters, it seems logical that the practice of mindfulness by psychologists would be relevant to explore, especially in contemporary South African contexts where high levels of trauma, interpersonal distress, and resultant existential and intrapsychic struggles prevail. The study seeks to address an identified gap in existing research concerning the experienced relevance of long-term mindfulness meditative practice for counselling psychology and therapeutic practice generally, particularly in the South African context. Located within an interpretivist paradigm and interpretative phenomenological analysis, this study explored the mindfulness and mindfulness meditation practices of 11 South African counselling psychologists and the ways in which these practices informed their being in both personal and psychotherapeutic settings. Each participant was invited to participate in a semi-structured interview and reflexive journalling task as part of the research process. The findings centralise the being capacities afforded to psychologists through a mindfulness practice and identify how the related elements of non-judgement, nonattachment, and (re)connection enable enhanced relational encounters with clients. The findings contribute to the limited literature related to the value of psychologists’ mindfulness practices in relation to the way in which they manage their own responses to clients, as well as the potential for mindfulness practices to help clients manage presenting trauma responses.

Developing the ‘Life Threads’ approach to support families after traumatic brain injury in UK community settings: protocol for a qualitative prefeasibility study

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) brings about inevitable and significant changes for family members. Mental health effects for family members are well documented but there are significant gaps in support options...

Dynamic Behaviors of Composite-Laminated Concentrically Stiffened Rectangular Plates by Substructure Modal Synthesis

Existing numerical analysis methods often incur high computational costs when directly solving multi-degree-of-freedom systems due to computer capacity limitations. To address this issue, this paper took the composite laminated concentrically stiffened rectangular plate as the research object. The modal synthesis method was employed to reduce the degrees of freedom of the model, enabling the solution of complex dynamic characteristics. In the research process, the domain decomposition theory was used to divide the research object into plate and rib substructures. Based on the spectral Chebyshev method, the substructure dynamic model of the composite laminated rectangular plate was constructed. Subsequently, the function expressions of the complex load excitation on each substructure were derived, and the fixed modal synthesis method was introduced to construct the spectral Chebyshev reduced model of the substructures. According to the artificial spring theory equivalent, the interface force, and the whole reduction model of the composite laminated concentrically stiffened rectangular plate were obtained by assembling the substructure models. The time–domain and frequency–domain dynamic behaviors of composite laminated concentrically stiffened rectangular plates are yielded by solving the whole reduced model. The novelty of this work lies in combining the spectral Chebyshev method with the modal synthesis method. The established reduced model no longer depended on mesh quality and required fewer matrix dimensions and computation time compared to the whole model, while still achieving sufficiently accurate results. Additionally, based on the reduced model, an effective parametric study scheme was proposed to analyze the impact of dimensions and material properties of rib substructures on the dynamic behaviors of the composite laminated concentrically stiffened rectangular plate. These findings can be used to guide the optimal design of laminated concentrically stiffened rectangular plates in engineering practice.

Coproduction in Social Prescribing Initiatives: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Social prescribing (SP) takes a holistic approach to health by linking clients from clinical settings to community programs to address their nonmedical needs. The emerging evidence base for SP demonstrates variability in the design and implementation of different SP initiatives. To effectively address these needs, coproduction among clients, communities, stakeholders, and policy makers is important for tailoring SP initiatives for optimal uptake. This study aims to explore the role of coproduction in SP initiatives. The research question is as follows: How and for what purpose has coproduction been incorporated across a range of SP initiatives for different clients? A review of international literature will be conducted following the JBI guidelines for scoping reviews. We will search multiple databases including Scopus, MEDLINE, and the PAIS Index, as well as gray literature, from 2000 to 2023. The primary studies included will describe a nonmedical need for clients, a nonmedical SP program or initiative, coproduction of the SP program, and any follow-up. Review articles and commentaries will be excluded. Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles will be screened, and data will be extracted by at least 2 research team members using Covidence and a pilot-tested extraction template. Clients with lived experience will also participate in the research process. Findings will be descriptively summarized and thematically synthesized to answer the research question. The project was funded in 2023, and the results are expected to be submitted for publication in early 2025. Descriptions of what coproduction is meant to accomplish may differ from theoretical aspirations. Continued understanding of how coproduction has been designed and executed across varied international SP models is important for framing engagement in practice for future SP arrangements and their evaluation. We anticipate this review will guide clients, communities, stakeholders, and policy makers in further developing SP practice within health care systems. Open Science Framework Registries B8U4Z; https://osf.io/b8u4z. DERR1-10.2196/57062.