Research Methods Research Articles

Perlindungan Hak Cipta Dari Tindakan Pembajakan Software di Tinjau Dari Hukum Nasional

Technological developments give birth to new creative ideas and create something that never existed before. The digital world is the main medium to make this happen. Every day more than millions of people use or log in to the internet for various purposes, from scientific research to playing interactive games in cyberspace, or from trading or e-commerce to surfing gambling sites. In this case, there is a legal instrument Law no. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright which applies in Indonesia where one of the objects that receives copyright protection is a computer program, in this case software. With this, it can be said that the copyright regime has received new challenges after the internet, one of which is the protection of software or computer programs. However, violations of current developments are also increasingly common with the advent of the internet. Software is a computer program that is often used as an object of piracy. Software piracy has long been a serious problem. Software piracy that is often carried out is on CD media, the Internet, and often even directly from computer to computer using a data cable. As a result, Indonesia is faced with the impacts and problems of piracy which are quite significant and well known both internationally and in Indonesia itself. Regulations related to copyright through Law Number 28 of 2014 are currently considered not yet firm enough to regulate software piracy. Therefore, the problem formulation in this research that is studied is: a) What is the form of copyright protection from acts of software piracy in terms of international law b) How is the regulation of legal copyright protection for computer programs (software) according to Law Number 28 of the Year 2014 concerning Copyright and what factors constitute obstacles to its implementation. Meanwhile, the research method uses normative research, namely this research approach is based on library materials which are secondary data or also known as Library Law Research. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out qualitatively.

An analysis of the use of 3D game engine technology in visualising sustainability data

Purpose Responding to calls for accountants to engage with modern technologies and explore data visualisation within a three-dimensional (3D) environment, this study aims to explore whether social and environmental accounting (SEA) data visualisation is a promising use case for 3D game engine technology. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on visual perception and embodiment theories, this study uses photo-elicitation, a qualitative research method, to explore the usefulness of two-dimensional (2D) and 3D visualisations of sustainability information in a 3D virtual environment. This study provides three stimuli: numerical data, 2D visualisations and 3D visualisations, and asks open-ended questions regarding future applications. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with academics, preparers and users of sustainability reports to obtain responses to these stimuli. Findings The key finding is that visualisation of SEA information may indeed be a strong use case for 3D game technology, but only for certain data and for certain audiences. Presenting information within a 3D virtual environment offered enhanced engagement and contextual understanding but reduced navigation speed and data clarity. Participants were enthusiastic about the potential of a museum-like experience, incorporating interactivity and community, but felt that the appropriate audience was more likely to be novices than experts. Practical implications This study suggests that deploying 3D game engine technology can be a powerful tool for presenting sustainability information but requires significant resources. The optimum audience is likely to be novices, and a key design principle is to ensure the virtual environment supports, rather than overwhelms, the information presented within that environment. Originality/value This study introduces a novel application of 3D visualisation technology within the SEA context, offering original insights into its potential to enhance user understanding and decision-making capabilities. This study highlights the technology’s value not as a replacement for traditional reporting but as a supplementary educational tool. The study also provides a novel setting for the photo-elicitation method, demonstrating this approach’s utility in a 3D environment.

Implementation of Car-Free Days in Support of Sustainable Development to Reduce Vehicle CO2 Emissions in Urban Areas

The transportation sector is one of the main contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for 18.52% of total emissions, with this percentage reaching 40% in developed countries. This research aims to assess the effectiveness of Car-Free Day (CFD) implementation in reducing emissions in Cirebon, Indonesia, as a contribution to the 13th Sustainable Development Goal on climate action. The research method used a mixed approach, combining quantitative analysis of fuel consumption data with qualitative interviews to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of CFD. Referring to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry's National Greenhouse Gas Inventory guidelines, Book I: The results showed that while CFD reduced emissions by 13-26% in the designated lane due to traffic diversion, it also led to an 8-14% increase in emissions in the alternative lane. Therefore, the overall emission reduction effort was not optimal, as the emission reduction in one lane was masked by the emission increase in the other lane. The implication of this research is that a more holistic approach is needed to effectively reduce urban greenhouse gas emissions. The results of this research can serve as a basis for formulating more effective transportation policies, such as extending the duration and coverage of CFD, restricting vehicles on alternative routes, and improving public transportation systems that are more environmentally friendly.

Analysis of Surface Texture of Asphalt Mixture with Sand Circle Method

A road is usually defined as an infrastructure connecting a zone to other zones. As service and safety are essential for vehicle users, any conditions related to the pavement, including surface texture, are considered. The importance of this matter is that many researchers or practitioners are concerned with the quality of asphalt mixtures, whether structural or functional, which affect the safety and security of road users, mainly related to the texture of the pavement surface. This research aims to determine the texture depth (MTD, Mean Texture Depth). The research method used is the circle sand method, which is tested using the Sand Patch tool. The asphalt mixture type uses AC-WC with a composition of 39% coarse aggregate, 54.5% fine aggregate, and 6.5% filler. Optimum Asphalt Content of 6.28% and Density of 2.28 were obtained, and texture depth of 0.549 mm was more significant than 0.45 mm (Bina Marga 2010 revision 3). The conclusion is based on the design composition of the aggregate mix in the AC-WC asphalt mixture, which has a safe texture.

Developing assemblr edu to improve elementary school students’ explanatory text writing

All Indonesians normally master Bahasa Indonesia (BI), but Indonesia’s elementary school students’ learning outcomes for writing explanatory texts in BI are low. This research aims to develop the feasibility of Assemblr Edu in improving students’ ability to write explanatory texts in BI for fifth graders. The research and development (R&D) method with the ADDIE approach was employed. The participants were 30 fifth graders who underwent trial, and series of data collection including observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The obtained data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results show that Assemblr Edu is suitable for development at 95% per cent feasibility. The media was also proven to improve students’ ability to write explanatory text.

Associations of Clinical Characteristics With Sudden Cardiac Arrest in People With Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study Using Routine Primary Care Data

OBJECTIVE To assess longitudinal associations with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) of clinical characteristics recorded in primary care in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), both with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a case-control study, with SCA case subjects with T2D from the Amsterdam Resuscitation Studies (ARREST) registry of out-of-hospital resuscitation attempts in the Dutch Noord-Holland region (2010–2020) and up to five matched (age, sex, T2D, general practitioner [GP] practice) non-SCA control subjects. We collected relevant clinical measurements, medication use, and medical history from GPs’ electronic health care records. We analyzed the associations of clinical characteristics and medication use with SCA in the total sample and in subgroups with or without CVD using multivariable time-dependent Cox regression (hazard ratios, 95% confidence intervals). RESULTS We included 689 SCA case subjects and 3,230 non-SCA control subjects. In multivariable models, low fasting glucose (<4.5 mmol/mol: 1.91 [1.00–3.64]), antihypertensive (1.80 [1.39–2.33]), glucose lowering (oral only: 1.32 [1.06–1.63]; insulin only: 2.31 [1.71–3.12]; oral and insulin: 1.64 [1.21–2.22]), heart failure (1.91 [1.55–2.35]), and QTc-prolonging prokinetic (1.78 [1.27–2.50]), antibiotic (1.35 [1.05–1.73]), and antipsychotic (2.10 [1.42–3.09]) medication were associated with SCA in the total sample. In subgroup effect modification analyses, QTc-prolonging antibiotic (1.82 [1.26–2.63]) and antipsychotic (3.10 [2.09–4.59]) medication use were associated with SCA only in those without CVD. CONCLUSIONS In people with T2D, low fasting glucose and QTc-prolonging prokinetic, antibiotic, or antipsychotic medication use and a history of heart failure are associated with SCA risk. Subgroup analyses indicate antibiotic and antipsychotic medication use increases SCA risk specifically in those without CVD.

Pengendalian persediaan berbasis economic order quantity pada UD Wenang Perkasa Manado

The economic order quantity is the number of goods ordered that will result in the lowest possible cost. This study will determine how inventory control is based on economic order quantity at UD Wenang Perkasa. This study employs a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The study results clearly show that the company's total merchandise inventory costs are higher than they would be if they used economic order quantity. This means that using economic order quantity will save the company costs and increase profits. The company must implement economic order quantity as a method for controlling its inventory because it will allow the company to order merchandise in optimal quantities with minimum total inventory costs, increasing the company's profits.

LEGALITY OF TRADITIONAL OIL MINING EXPLORATION IN RANTO PEUREULAK, EAST ACEH: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE

This article aims to examine the legality of oil mining resulting from traditional mining exploitation by the Ranto Pereulak community, East Aceh. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods and the approach used in this research is a sociological normative approach. This research was located in Ranto Peureulak District, which is one of the sub-districts in East Aceh Regency. The results of this research show that the East Aceh Government through Qanun Number 6 of 2009 provides space for the community to manage mining products, in this case oil, by obtaining an IUP issued by the East Aceh government and going through all the conditions therein. The IUP is granted by the Regent after obtaining principle permission or approval from the Governor through the relevant provincial and district level agencies. However, in practice, many people in Ranto Peureulak District, East Aceh Regency, in managing illegal wells traditionally do not follow the applicable SOPs or regulations. Then the oil drilling carried out can endanger the health of workers and the surrounding community. This can also have an impact on the environment, because it does not pay attention to health standards or Health Safety and Environment or abbreviated as (HSE), which is the main priority for mining. In terms of safety too, it often catches fire and causes casualties, both workers and residents. Because drilling oil and gas wells is a very complex process and at each step procedures, requirements and important decisions are required that must be considered and implemented very carefully.

Augmented reality based android application for introduction of pneumatic hydraulic components

This study focuses on the utilization of augmented reality (AR) to enable comprehensive visualization of objects. Its primary objective is to develop and evaluate an AR application as a medium for introducing pneumatic hydraulic components. The research method employs a development research approach, following the assessment, design, development, implementation, and evaluation steps proposed by Lee and Owens. The feasibility of the product is determined through various assessments, including black box testing, validation by media experts, validation by content experts, and evaluation of initial user response. The outcome of this study is application software incorporating AR technology for the purpose of introducing pneumatic hydraulic components, along with a corresponding workbook. Whereas the application is compatible with the Android operating system and utilizes QR codes as markers for augmented reality objects, which are conveniently included within the workbook. Performance testing reveals that all application functions perform exceptionally well according to black box testing. Furthermore, the content expert feasibility assessment yields results categorized as “Good,” while both the media expert feasibility and initial user response tests indicate “Very Good” outcomes.

Optimization of the cooperative electronic commerce model for sustainable development in the context of ecological environment conservation

AbstractThis study aims to explore how to optimize the cooperative electronic commerce model in a sustainable ecological environment to meet the needs of consumers while maximizing social and economic benefits. The empirical research method is adopted, which mainly includes a literature review, case analysis, and questionnaire. Firstly, through a literature review, this study introduces and analyses the concept of sustainable ecological environment and the development and optimization direction of cooperative electronic commerce model in detail, providing a theoretical basis and thought guidance for subsequent research. Secondly, this study selects several representative cooperative electronic commerce platforms for case analysis. It explores their operation mode, product characteristics, service quality, and social benefits to summarize the experience and lessons of optimizing cooperative electronic commerce model. Finally, a questionnaire is designed to sample the consumers of cooperative electronic commerce. By analysing the results of questionnaire, the following conclusions are drawn. (1) 54.3% of respondents said they had used the cooperative electronic commerce model, with agricultural products purchasing (23.5%) and community service (18.9%) using it more frequently. (2) The cognition level of sustainable development was high overall, with 62.6% believing that it was essential for the future. (3) A multiple linear regression model explored the relationship between using the cooperative electronic commerce model and sustainable development cognition. The results reveal that adopting cooperative electronic commerce model has a significant positive impact on the cognition of sustainable development, which indicates that the promotion and use of this model can promote cognition and practice of sustainable development.

Strategies for facing homesickness among non-local students in starting college at Airlangga University

This study describes strategies for dealing with homesickness among non-local students at the beginning of college at Airlangga University. The phenomenon of homesickness in students occurs due to difficulty adjusting to a new environment in the early days of college. This research uses a qualitative approach with grounded theory research methods. The data collection technique used in-depth interviews with informants to determine the criteria for first-semester students migrating to Airlangga University. The results of this study explain that students tend to experience homesickness when they are in a boarding house alone and have no activity. The strategy of Non-local students in dealing with homesickness is to understand the conditions encountered, communicate with family or friends, and find activities to fill their free time.

Research on the impact of dance training on the mental health of college students

This study aims to investigate the impact of dance training on the mental health of college students. Utilizing experimental research methods, we established an experimental group and a control group to compare changes in mental health dimensions—including anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and social skills—between the two groups before and after 12 weeks of dance training. The findings indicate that dance training significantly reduces levels of anxiety and depression, while also improving self-esteem and social skills, thereby enhancing social adaptability. These results provide empirical support for the use of dance as an intervention for mental health and offer new insights for mental health education in colleges and universities.

Дуальное обучение как условие формирования экологической компетентности студентов в системе среднего профессионального образования

The system of secondary vocational training in Russia is undergoing significant changes regarding the quality of training of competent specialists who are able not only to carry out professional activities in modern socio-economic conditions, but also to successfully compete in those sectors of the national economy where they will work after graduation. As noted in the state program of the Russian Federation “Development of Education” until 2030, special attention is paid to the development of dual education and environmental education of students. In this regard, since 2014, dual (practice-oriented) training has been successfully implemented in secondary vocational education institutions in the country, within which students acquire basic theoretical knowledge in college classes and acquire practical skills at the enterprise. The purpose of the article is to study ways of developing students’ environmental competence in the system of secondary vocational education. Materials and research methods include an analytical review of scientific research related to the formation of environmental competence in dual learning conditions. The results of the study and their discussion are determined by the choice of approaches, technologies, methods, techniques and forms of work to develop students’ environmental competence. In conclusion, the results of the study are summarized.

Underwater Image Enhancement Methods Using Biovision and Type-II Fuzzy Set

Accurately extracting underwater images has never been more challenging, as the lack of clarity of detail due to issues such as scattering and light absorption is more noticeable than ever before. This research method addresses these problems while clarifying the limitations of existing methods and proposes a comprehensive approach to underwater image processing. Current methods tend to focus only on the effects of individual factors, such as color shifts, visibility, or contrast enhancement, and do not take into account biological vision applications. In contrast, the method proposed in this paper applies a color correction module that takes into account the effects of biological vision in LAB color space, and an enhanced Type-II Fuzzy set visibility enhancement module. This synchronized approach overcomes the limitations of the previous methods in that the contrast enhancement utilizes a curve transform and a multi-scale fusion strategy that preserves the essential image details. The framework not only adjusts the overall image features, but also finely handles the local details, resulting in a significant enhancement of both the overall quality and the local detail clarity of underwater images. The experimental results demonstrate that the application of the method of this study on two datasets gives results that are better than those of the top 10 existing algorithms. By explicitly addressing the limitations of existing methods, the method becomes an advantageous solution in underwater image processing, providing enhancements in image quality and task-specific applications in a concise and efficient manner.

Analisis Dampak Penerapan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Manajemen

This study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) on management decision-making at Drs. H. Abu Hanifah Hospital, Central Bangka Regency. The research method used is a qualitative method with the PIECES (Performance, Information, Economy, Control, Efficiency, Service) approach. This study involved 17 participants who were directly related to the use of SIMRS in hospitals. The results of the study show that even though SIMRS has been implemented well, there are still several obstacles such as incomplete data that affects employee performance. However, in general, SIMRS has a positive impact on information quality and operational efficiency in management decision-making. Recommendations for improvement include improvements in service aspects and periodic system updates.

Desain Kebijakan Daerah Pemilihan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia pada Pemilu Tahun 2024

This study aims to analyze how the policy design of the Determination of Electoral Areas of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia with the Policy Design Theory initiated by Anne Larasson and Helen Ingram. This study seeks to analyze how the Regional Policy Design of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia in the 2024 Election affects democracy in Indonesia. The research method used in this study is qualitative research that is descriptive and interpretive to explain how the policy-making system of the Electoral Region of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia affects democracy by using a critical approach. The findings of this study are that the policy design of the constituency of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia in the 2024 election is a design that contains Social Construction. This can be seen from a series of processes contained in the policy-making system said by Helen Ingram and Anne Larasson which consists of the context of society that occurred before the 2024 general election, the dynamics of framing carried out by the group through the events that occurred, the context of the problem influenced by political forces and institutional culture, and finally the dynamics of design influenced by the calculation of opportunities and risks. From a series of processes that occurred, it was obtained that the design of the constituency policy of the House of Representatives itself was a design that damaged democracy.

Examining the Effects of Health Work Shortages and Deployment in Integrated Programme in Bihar, India: AnInstitutional Ethnography.

The integration of health programms in low-resource settings is a common approach aimed at providing quality and cost-effective healthcare services. However, programme integration can unintentionally impact service provision and disrupt the overall organisation of service delivery. In this paper, I examine the integrated programme for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and explore the challenges related to the deployment of health workers. Specifically, I investigate the institutional processes that shape the work of health workers and the working conditions in district hospitals. To explore the social organisation of the implementation of the integrated NCD programme, I employed institutional ethnography as a research method. Data collection involved interviews, participant observation, and document reviews. Data analysis was conducted using social mapping, analytical writing, and textual analysis methods. The findings of the study suggest that due to staff shortages and a lack of doctors, health workers are continuously subjected to deployment and often required to undertake multiple tasks and responsibilities without any incentives or non-monetary benefits. Administrators perceive health workers in integrated programs as additional human resources available for use in district hospitals. However, the removal of health workers from integrated programs can have negative implications for service delivery and patients' health outcomes. Finding of the study suggests that it is recommended that administrators improve the staff recruitment process and promptly address the grievances of health workers to enhance healthcare delivery.

Validasi Media Pembelajaran dengan Aplikasi Games Wordwall pada Materi Membiasakan Pola Hidup Sederhana dan Menyantuni Dhuafa Kelas XII

This article discusses the important role of learning media development through Wordwall game applications that aim to facilitate the learning process for students and teachers and make learning more interactive. In addition, this article also evaluates the feasibility of Wordwall-based learning media that will be used for material on simple lifestyles and supporting the poor. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the 4D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). However, this research only reached the develop stage and did not continue to the disseminate stage, because at develop only, the objectives of this research had been achieved. The method used in this research is validation conducted by media experts and material experts, which shows that this media can be applied properly. The validation results from material experts were 91% and 97%, while validation from media experts showed a percentage of 68% and 81%, which means that the developed product is feasible to be applied in the learning process. The use of interactive media such as Wordwall games is very important to improve student understanding and make learning more interesting. Suggestions for improvement from media experts related to aspects that can increase student attractiveness, such as the use of consistent colors and clear instructions or covers. It is hoped that this learning media can create learning that is more interactive, effective, and interesting and in accordance with student needs.

Potential of Dry Leaf Waste as A Raw Material for Charcoal Briquettes Preparation as an Alternative Fuel

This research was motivated by the large potential of dry leaf waste in the campus environment of the University of North Sumatra and the awareness of the importance of appropriate innovation in the use of dry leaf waste as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel. The aim of this research was to determine the potential of leaf waste in the campus environment as a raw material for making environmentally friendly charcoal briquettes. The research method was observation, conducted in the campus environment of the University of North Sumatra, followed by calculating the amount of leaf waste produced per day, and testing continued with the production of dry leaf briquettes. The test results of the three combustions with different mixtures of raw materials in each combustion resulted in solid dry leaf briquettes that could ignite well. This study produced briquettes with proximate and ultimate tests that met SNI No.01-6235-2000 standards with a moisture content test of 4.35%, ash content test of 5.65%, carbon content test of 78.68%, calorific value of 6115 cal/g, and a burning rate of 1.5 grams/minute. Briquettes that meet SNI standards can become an environmentally friendly alternative energy source, a source of livelihood, and will certainly have a positive impact on waste management on the campus of the University of North Sumatra.

Workplace Diversity and Human Resource Performance Among Non-Teaching Staff of Selected Private Universities in Ogun State

The proliferation of privately owned institutions in Nigeria has led to a range of challenges, including the issue of workplace diversity. The observed phenomenon is a naturally occurring event that can have varying effects on worker performance, depending on the effectiveness of its management. Numerous research studies have demonstrated the significant impact of non-teaching personnel management on their performance in private university settings. This study investigates the influence of workplace diversity on the efficacy of human resource management, expanding on the existing theoretical framework. The study utilised a survey research method, specifically targeting private universities in Ogun State that have obtained approval from the National Universities Commission (NUC). A representative sample of respondents was selected. The data was collected using a meticulously designed questionnaire. Regression analysis of ordinary least squares (OLS) and Pearson product correlation were used to analyse workplace diversity and human resources performance among non-teaching staff in a selected private university in Nigeria. The regression analysis conducted in this study revealed a statistically significant association between workplace diversity, encompassing factors such as age, education, and gender, and employees' performance in Nigeria. Ethnic diversity has a detrimental effect on workplace diversity. The study indicates that it is important for organisational management to establish and implement policies that support diversity in the workforce, considering the varied backgrounds of all individuals involved.