Research Methods In Psychology Research Articles

The Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Sports Psychology: Theory, Practice, and Prospect.

Once virtual reality technology (Virtual Reality, VR) came out, it has received a lot of attention; in recent years, it has been widely used in the study of psychology. Because it can improve the ecological validity of experimental research, the level of conditional control, reproducibility, and avoid the dangers of field operations, it has been introduced into the field of psychology by many researchers. Compared with traditional sports psychology research methods, virtual reality technology has the characteristics of multiperception, immersion, interaction, and imagination to get a better, more realistic feel and increase people's interest in sports. Taking the application of virtual reality technology in table tennis teaching in colleges and universities as an example, this study aims to review the application of virtual reality technology in sports psychology; summarize the theory, practice, and prospect of the application of virtual reality technology in sports psychology; and add new content to the research of sports psychology. It aims to review the principles, characteristics, and application of virtual reality technology in sports psychology; summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the application of virtual reality technology in sports and point out the problems that need to be paid attention to when using this method; explore the application of virtual reality technology in sports psychology; and add new content to the research of sports psychology.

Dynamics of the formation of mental disorders in combatants from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Relevance. Participation in hostilities is a stressful factor affecting the formation of mental disorders in combatants. According to scarce studies, combatants resigned from the security forces have some problems with mental health.Intention. Catamnestic analysis of mental disorders over time in combatants entitled to retirement pension upon their dismissal from the Internal Affairs bodies of Russia.Methodology. A catamnestic survey was conducted in 209 employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Kirov region who were retired from 2015 to 2019. Depending on participation in hostilities, the respondents were divided into two groups: main group, 106 retired combatants from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and the comparison group, 103 retired persons without combat experience. Catamnestic, clinical and experimental psychological research methods were used. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the STATISTICA 10.0. Mental disorders rates were calculated per 1000 military. Significant differences between the two groups were determined using Pearson’s χ2 and the Student’s t-test.Results and Discussion. According to the study results, the military personnel from the main group had statistically significantly more mental disorders (p < 0.001), as follows: organic, including symptomatic mental disorders (F00–F09 according to ICD-10), neurotic, associated with stress, and somatoform disorders (F40-F48). At the time of dismissal from service, military personnel from the main group had higher rates of all mental disorders (p < 0.001), i.e. organic ones, including symptomatic mental disorders. During the period of service, the groups demonstrated a significant increase in organic, including symptomatic mental disorders, mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances (F10–F19), and a decrease in neurotic stress-related and somatoform disorders. In the main group of pensioners of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, this dynamics is more pronounced. Therefore, there are shortcomings in the treatment of mental disorders during the period of service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.Conclusion. In order to improve the quality of psychiatric care for combatants from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, it is necessary to improve approaches to providing psychiatric care in the structure of departmental multidisciplinary healthcare institutions with amendments to the current procedure for therapy and medical and psychological rehabilitation when returning employees from combat zones.

The meaning of scientific objectivity and subjectivity: From the perspective of methodologists.

Given the challenges to the notion of objectivity posed by social psychological research on investigator effects, constructivist and critical epistemological perspectives, and the introduction of qualitative research methods in psychology, the investigators examined how leading methodologists understand the function of objectivity and subjectivity in psychological science. The aim of the study was to learn how contemporary methodologists view these issues so as to communicate converging perspectives to the field and inform methods education. A brief historical review of the concept of objectivity in psychology is presented to contexualize this examination. Eleven accomplished methodologists with expertise in a range of methods and epistemological perspectives were interviewed. Findings from a grounded theory analysis demonstrated that all the participants expressed concern about the belief that science is unaffected by scientists' perspectives, believing researchers and educators should problematize this perspective. Recommendations from participants included that science be viewed as a value-laden endeavor in which scientists systematically conduct research from multiple epistemological perspectives, and/or utilize diverse methods tailored to address their questions. Scientific procedures were detailed that could curtail dangers of either unchecked subjectivity or a false sense of objectivity. A functional analysis of these constructs, objectivity and subjectivity, suggested they both serve a similar scientific and an ethical purpose-to prevent the premature foreclosure of possible understanding because of the expectations of researchers. The mainstreaming of disclosures about the perspectives and positions of investigators, as well as their management, and the implementation of epistemological and methodological pluralism are encouraged to support this ethic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Research of the cardiorespiratory system and psychological state indices of tourists during the sport hike

It is impossible to achieve success of the route and survive in changing climatic conditions without the organization of special tourist training. This statement is especially important during the preparation for the future route, including constant training, simulation of critical situations and dealing with them. Currently, there are no scientifically recommendations for the dosage of physical activity during hiking and the need for systematic training to participate in sport and health-improving hikes to increase the safety of hiking, as well as to improve the psychological microclimate in the group of tourists. The purpose of the article: to determine changes in the indices of the cardiorespiratory system and the psychological state of experienced tourists and beginners during the sports hike of I category complexity. Research methods: methods of theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, special pedagogical tests, morphofunctional and psychological research methods, methods of mathematical statistics. Result: the article presents comparative heart rate, Stange’s test, Genchi test and psychological test (anxiety, working-capacity, activity, mood, well-being) of participants of the sports hike of I category of complexity in the Ukrainian Carpathians, who already had experience in hike, and participants who took part in the hike for the first time but engaged in other sports. The study identified a positive training effect of this hike on the body of experienced tourists, namely increasing the reserve capacity of the cardiorespiratory and respiratory systems of experienced tourists, while beginners had signs of fatigue, they had low mood, activity and well-being for almost all hike, had insufficient physical and psychological training and it was more difficult for them to adapt to the load. Conclusions: to participate in sport hikes every tourist must undergo special physical and psychological training.

CONSTRUCTION OF MULTIMODAL HEALING SPACE BASED ON INDIVIDUAL EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR CHANGES

BackgroundIn the current era of changing crises, various catastrophic events pose a threat to world civilization and human health and survival. For human beings, in addition to dealing with external natural crises, there are also spiritual crises from the level of individual consciousness. More and more people fall into anxiety, fear, anxiety and depression. Aiming at the negative emotional state of ordinary people, this paper attempts to effectively construct the rehabilitation space of multimodal vision, hearing, touch and smell by studying individual psychology and personality. This paper aims to study individual psychology and personality, effectively build a multimodal rehabilitation space of vision, hearing, touch and smell, and conduct targeted research on individual psychological rehabilitation methods across disciplines.Subjects and MethodsBy observing the current development trend of design, we find that caring design has become an important trend. Design needs to be considered from the perspective of human needs to meet the original intention of people-oriented design. Using psychological research methods, this paper observes and analyzes the relationship between emotion and personality from the perspective of human sample subjects, and divides the population base through MBTI type indicators, so as to determine the multimodality of rehabilitation research and multi-directional construction, so as to form a more flexible and more matching customized rehabilitation space construction scheme. Multi-sensory experience integrates the characteristics of vision, hearing, touch and smell, so that participants can quickly enter the state of cardiac flow and achieve better and stronger rehabilitation functions. In order to test the effect of emotional behavior, this study adopts, we selected 120 students, including 48 males and 12 females. We used the anxiety scale designed by Kim as the measurement scale, and used Likert scoring method to evaluate the scale. Pearson correlation, standard deviation and statistical significance are combined to illustrate the correlation. T-test of independent samples was used to verify the difference between high anxiety group and low anxiety group. According to the statistical value of anxiety, participants were divided into three groups: low, medium and high anxiety groups. The questionnaire includes two kinds of anxiety, namely debilitating anxiety and promoting anxiety. Through t-test, univariate and multivariate analysis of variance and regression analysis, we investigated the relationship between anxiety and self-efficacy of students of different majors and genders.ResultsWith the changes of the times, the application of media has reached a new height. From the perspective of art, there are many forms of interactive media: immersive interactive technology, virtual reality technology, augmented reality technology and so on. The support of these existing technologies provides a new breakthrough for the proposal of psychotherapy. This technology enhancement process is accompanied by the continuous exploration of the correlation between graphics, space and human psychology and emotion. Starting from the psychological personality classification of the healing audience, analyze and determine the effective healing space corresponding to different psychological dimensions, and build a multi-sensory atmosphere space complex. Cure the public's psychology through the methods of visual design and spatial element adjustment, classify and analyze the possibility of the project in combination with the existing spatial design cases, and put forward the specific design improvement direction at the same time.ConclusionIndividual psychotherapy should be a multidisciplinary and all-round design. If we realize the integration of multi-mode innovation, we can obtain a more complete and comprehensive cognitive experience. The visual system constructed by the multimodal healing space is more significant than the simple visual language healing effect or the simple auditory healing effect, and has a better and more positive impact on the audience in terms of mitigation and adjustment.In short, medical workers should be fully aware of the important position of patients' emotional elements in rehabilitation, actively improve the surrounding environment and the respective roles of both sides, pay special attention to their own virtual technology language and behavior, and change from single display to multi-dimensional management, coordinator and collaborator. In the process of rehabilitation, actively present personalized psychology to patients, flexibly organize rehabilitation activities, strive to build a relaxed and harmonious rehabilitation atmosphere, create a friendly and mutual aid emotional treatment relationship, encourage and guide patients, and truly focus on patients, so as to reduce patients' rehabilitation anxiety and psychological adjustment to the best state.AcknowledgmentsResearch results of Zhejiang Federation of social sciences research project “Research on visual design strategy of immersion therapy in post epidemic period” (project number:2022N11).

Integrating Qualitative Inquiry and Critical Whiteness in Psychology Research Methods Courses

Introduction This paper merges two neglected components within the psychological sciences broadly and research methods courses specifically: Critical whiteness and qualitative methodologies. Statement of the Problem In psychology programs, regardless of discipline, research courses remain one area where issues of race and racism, such as critical whiteness, are deemphasized. Similarly, methods courses rarely integrate qualitative inquiry and critical theory. Literature Review First, I briefly review the relevant literature on the state of qualitative research in psychology. I then discuss critical whiteness, contextualizing the idea of whiteness, before moving into a review of the current research on whiteness in psychology. Teaching Implications I present three experiential learning activities that further students’ skill development in qualitative methods while learning about three specific aspects of whiteness. Practicing observations, photovoice, and qualitative coding, students can reflect on the pervasiveness of white culture, colorblind racism, and racial microaggressions. Conclusion The activities described in this article provide instructors one avenue to engage various aspects of whiteness and qualitative methods, phenomena routinely overlooked in graduate training.

Analysis of the Relations of the Stuff of the Psychological Institute (1913-1937)

The subject of the study was the subjects' connections reflecting the degree of similarity of the research topics of the founder (G.I. Chelpanov), subsequent leaders (K.N. Kornilov, A.B. Zalkind, V.N. Kolbanovsky), and leading employees of the Psychological Institute in 1913-1937. In the context of solving the problem of collective forms of development of domestic psychology, a slang analysis of the titles of their published psychological works was carried out. In order to take into account the semantic meanings, the quantitative analysis of the titles is supplemented by the results of a qualitative analysis of the subject and type of publications, the availability of reprints and biographical data of their authors, as well as the results of an event analysis of the social history of the development of Russian psychology in the first half of the twentieth century. The results obtained testify to the strength of the subject connections of the institute leaders and specific leading employees who supported them in the implementation of research programs and in the development of topical problems of psychological theory and practice; which determined the effectiveness of their joint scientific activities in the 1920s-1930s. The main topic that united scientists was general psychology, to a lesser extent pedagogical psychology. Due to the presence of subject connections, the Institute's staff made a significant collective contribution to the definition of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the psychology of behavior, consciousness and such mental processes as sensations, perception, memory, thinking, and speech; into the development of methods of psychological research: experimental, biographical, observation methods, testing, etc. The solution of the problems of pedagogical psychology, as well as other practice-oriented areas of psychology – developmental, social, special, labor psychology, etc., by the staff of the Institute was based on the tradition of organizing experimental research, laid down when the institute was founded by G.I. Chelpanov and determined the content of the subject relations of its leading scientists in the following decades.

Applications of Deep Learning in the Evaluation and Analysis of College Students’ Mental Health

It is an important research direction of mental health discipline in the current era to evaluate and analyze college students’ mental health by using deep learning methods and form visual data characteristics and analyzable discipline conclusions. Based on this, this paper carries out the research method of convolutional neural network by using the research concept of deep learning. Firstly, the paper summarizes the fast intelligent analysis model based on the convolutional neural network system algorithm, classifies and summarizes the unique characteristics of college students’ mental health, and uses the convolutional neural network processing model to analyze, evaluate, and observe college students’ mental health combined with the big data theory. Secondly, through the expansion and utilization of multi-layer neuron self-coding neural network, the psychological health of college students is evaluated and analyzed in the psychological discipline, the discrete data structure is established by using the relevant psychological data, the psychological behavior of college students is analyzed, summarized, and classified, and the data model is filled to judge the mental health status of college students. Finally, through the design of confirmatory experiments, the results show that the college students’ mental health evaluation and analysis model based on deep learning is more efficient in individual data analysis. Compared with the mode of analyzing college students’ mental health through in-depth learning, the traditional psychological research method has a large workload and is not suitable for the universality and consistency of college students. This paper solves this problem and provides a reference for relevant research.

Reframing Psychological Research Methods Courses as Tools for Social Justice Education

Introduction APA’s 2017 Multicultural Guidelines ask teachers to integrate diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) across the psychology curriculum. Statement of the Problem However, there are few resources outlining best practices for DEI instruction outside of diversity/multicultural courses. Moreover, instructors for skill-based courses such as Psychological Research Methods may view DEI as beyond their scope. Literature Review Building on the agentive pedagogical theories of Freire, Kegan and Stetsenko, I aim to outline the importance of integrating DEI into research methods courses and identify seven accessible ways in which to do so. Teaching Implications Teachers will find a comprehensive review of the theory and research related to seven DEI teaching practices: (1) Diverse Representation/Visibility, (2) Modeling Inclusive Language/Practices, (3) Addressing Social Issues and Inequities, (4) Broadening the Applied Topical Scope, (5) Meaning-Making, (6) Teaching from a Strengths-Based Perspective, and (7) Promoting Students’ Agency. Conclusion Diversity, equity, and inclusion research methods courses can provide students with a clear model of inclusive practices, opportunities to develop sociorelational skills, and the tools to agentively contribute to social justice research.

Study Protocol for an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study: TempRes "Temporal Variability of Risk and Resilience Factors for Suicidal Ideation".

Suicide prevention is an important public mental health issue that can be significantly brought forward by recent advances in psychological research methods and assessment. The project “TempRes” aims to harness the power of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to investigate the transdiagnostic risk and resilience factors associated with suicidal ideation drawn from the most recent research in suicide prevention and personality assessment. Participants will comprise the general population (planned: N = 100) and a risk group (patients currently in psychosomatic or psychiatric treatment) (planned: N = 50). After a comprehensive baseline assessment, they will complete up to ten short assessments per day over the course of 10 days at roughly equidistant intervals. In detail, the project examines the interplay of biography (previous suicidal behavior, experiences of childhood maltreatment), individual differences (level of personality functioning), and time-varying factors (entrapment, loneliness, mood) with respect to the emergence and fluctuation of suicidal ideation. There are two main research foci: First, the project will provide an operationalization and empirical verification of a core assumption of the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicide (IMV model). It will test whether the interaction of the time-varying predictors entrapment with loneliness (as a motivational moderator) explains reports of suicidal ideation over time. Second, it will be the first to examine personality functioning (a transdiagnostic, psychodynamically grounded conceptualization of vulnerability to psychological crises over the life span) as a time-invariant predictor of suicidal ideation assessed within an intensive longitudinal study design. The main analyses will be built on linear mixed models. The overarching aim of the project is to gain a better understanding of the psychological dynamics underlying suicidal ideation in different populations by bringing together concepts from different theoretical traditions. This will inform prevention efforts geared toward the general public as well as intervention in clinical populations.

Psychological Principles of the Formation of General Compensatory Reactions of the Patient with Ischemic Stroke in a Case of Physical Rehabilitatio

The objectives of our article are: 1) to study the characteristics of disorders of psychomotor function and psycho-emotional state of patients with ischemic stroke according to the initial examination; 2) to develop the method of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke at the inpatient stage of rehabilitation, depending on the severity of psychomotor functions and features of the psycho-emotional state; 3) to propose psychological principles of the formation of general compensatory reactions of the patient with ischemic stroke in a case of physical rehabilitation. Research methods. There were used psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psychological and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experiment, providing the research of psycho-emotional state (M. Lucher’s test is used (Lucher,2012)), determination of motor activity on the “Scale of psychomotor activity” by L.S. Rohovyk (Роговик, 2013). For our research we proposed “The author’s methodology of measuring the amount of active movements in the joints of the patient’s limbs” (Харченко & Михальчук, 2022a) and “Six-point scale for assessing muscle strength in the joints of the patient’s limbs” (Харченко & Михальчук, 2022b). The results of the research. Patients showed increased tone in the flexion of the ankle joint and extension of the hip and knee joints. In other muscle groups, the tone was not increased, and in the upper extremities there was a decrease in muscle tone. Muscle strength was statistically significant. In a case of the research of the limbs of the unaffected side, the following data were obtained: the volume of active movements was 55.68% ± 4.3 of the appropriate volume of movements and the values are significantly higher. The rate of passive movements was higher than the affected party (at the level of reliability and amounted to 63.06% ± 3.9 of the appropriate volume of passive movements and corresponded to the average values for the age group of respondents. The mean value of muscle strength was 61.28% ± 7.3 values are statistically significant of the affected side. Muscle tone on the unaffected side was higher than normal and was 27.9% ± 3.6 of the maximum value. It was proved that the amount of passive movements in the experimental group as a whole is slightly lower than in the control group. Conclusions. Adequate tonal response of the muscular system leads to the formation of a pathological static stereotype. We proposed psychological principles for the formation of general compensatory reactions of the patient in a case of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke: 1. The principle of actualization of the defect. 2. The principle of progressive mobilization of compensatory mechanisms of psychomotor activity. 3. The principle of continuous reverse concentration of compensatory mechanisms of the personality psyche. 4. The principle of authorizing the compensatory mechanisms of the individual psyche. 5. The principle of relative stability of the compensatory mechanisms of the individual psyche.

Psychological Peculiarities of the Introductory Period of Physical Rehabilitation of Patients with Ischemic Stroke

the purpose of our article is to study psychological peculiarities of the intro-ductory period of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke. research methods. There were used psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psycho-logical and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experi-ment.the results of the research. We proved that psychological objectives of the introductory period of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke were: 1) restoration of proper breathing; 2) the formation of the psychological basis for the implementation of motor actions; 3) learning the elements of basic motor actions: the accuracy of motor tasks, maintaining a certain posture (star-ting position) in the process of doing exercises; 4) learning the basics of ideomo-tor exercises; 5) learning methods of self-control.conclusions. It was shown,when performing new exercises, patients had experienced psycho-emotional stress, which had led to signs of fatigue (even when performing only a few physical exercises). It was manifested in the form of inadequate response of the cardiovascular system to the proposed load, and changes into the psycho-emotional state of the patient (increased anxiety, loss of interest, decreased concentration, etc.). In the presence of only subjective sensa-tions of the emotional nature, when there was no inadequate response of the cardiovascular system to the proposed load, we used the method of “switching”. In a case of “switching” we asked the patient a general question in order to listen to his/her answer. This technique significantly accelerated the recovery of the person’s activity. When we observed fatigue associated with reduced levels of functionality, the patient was offered rest until complete recovery of a cardio-vascular system.

The Development of Motivation to Achieve Students in the Context of Modernization of Educational Content

The article reveals the role of achievement motivation in the context of updating the content of primary education. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the relevance of the research topic is substantiated, the main conceptual provisions for the study of the psychological characteristics of achievement motivation of primary schoolchildren are formed. The aim is to identify individual differences in the strength of achievement motivation for younger students. In particular, we study the features of the manifestation of motivation for the achievement of junior schoolchildren in educational activities. The article presents the results of an experimental study of the psychological characteristics of the achievement motivation of primary school students. The methodological apparatus for studying the achievement motivation of junior schoolchildren included the most effective research methods of psychology, which were aimed at identifying individual differences in the strength of the achievement motivation of younger schoolchildren. A thematic apperception test, a method of collision of motives, observation of students, conversations with younger students and teachers, analysis of home and control assignments in order to identify how achievement motivation manifests itself in educational activities were used. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of the ascertaining experiment revealed the predominance of middle and low levels of achievement motivation among junior schoolchildren. The results obtained underline the need for further research on the mechanisms of development of achievement motivation in junior schoolchildren.

МЕДІАПСИХОЛОГІЧНА ЕКСПЕРТИЗА АУДІОВІЗУАЛЬНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ

The article raises the current problem for Ukrainian society as the mechanisms of media regulators, which cover sensitive topics that may adversely affect the psychological and moral development of children. The author reviews scientific research related to the negative impact of television programs on child development and justifies the need for media psychological expertise to protect children in the information space and the ability to defend this right in court. The main purpose of the article is to substantiate the scientific construct of media psychological expertise. In connection with this purpose the author presents its methodological principles: typology of leading types of visual, audiovisual mass media and algorithms of visual media texts research, classification of information destructive influences of media (Cherepovska), five planes of film analysis (Chaplinskaya), different types of analysis of media texts (Fedorov) and detailed typology of audiovisual media perception (Hilko), age periodization of media risks and criteria for harming the psychological well-being of children with media products (Naidenova), as well as methods of psychological research in cases of moral suffering to the person (Savkina et al.). The author defines the scientific construct of media psychological examination, describes its object, subject, list of main tasks, methods, process and substantiates the requirements for the competence of the expert. Prospects for research on this topic were outlined in the form of supplementing the procedure of media psychological examination, formation of a psychodiagnostic minimum for the examination of minors, development of curricula for experts, and perhaps the formation of a separate discipline for higher education.

ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ВО ВРЕМЯ ПАНДЕМИИ

The paper describes the challenges of education during a pandemic. The transition to distance learning has had an impact on all of the participants of the education process. The purpose of this article is to study the social consequences and education outcomes of the work of the subjects of the educational process in the format of distance learning during 2020–2021. To achieve the goal the author used an interdisciplinary approach, emplying pedagogical and psychological research methods: observation, questioning, interviewing. It was revealed that distance learning format is characterized by the following features: flexible schedule, in which the student studies at a convenient time, quality management of the educational process, innovative learning technologies, and a modular system of learning. The study describes the positive and negative aspects of the organization of distance learning. The study concluded that during the coronavirus pandemic, it is necessary to take a set of measures for the socialization of all the participants in the virtual education space, to create the centers to improve the skills of teachers in the field of infocommunication technologies, and to organize continuing development courses to enhance professional pedagogical communication in a remote learning format.

КУЛЬТУРНОЕ ОПОСРЕДОВАНИЕ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ ЦИФРОВОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ АНАЛИЗА ИНТЕРНЕТ-АКТИВНОСТИ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ МЕДИА

Background. Th e Internet and social media play an important role in the mental and personal development of children and youth. Recent studies have shown that the daily Internet activity of the digital generation (creating a profi le, chatting with friends, comments and likes, etc.) is associated with the establishment of personal identity, relationship with peers, social involvement, as well as self-expression. Th us, the analysis of social media becomes an important issue in the study of socialization and personality identity. Objective. Contemporary science around the globe has accumulated data on the cultural mediation of identity. Th e results of studies obtained in diff erent sociocultural contexts indicate that the use of social networks by the younger generation, their behavior on the Internet, the infl uence of the Internet and social media on identity largely depend on the cultural characteristics of a particular society. Results. Numerous though oft en contradictory results require systematization and generalization, analysis of the possibilities and limitations of the methods used to study online identity. In particular, the methods of big data analysis, which are gaining popularity, are widely praised for the possibilities they can provide. However, the application of these methods in social and psychological research remains ambiguous, which becomes topical in connection with ethical issues, such as invasion of privacy through the collection of personal data of users (especially when children and adolescents are involved). Moreover, it seems hard to neglect doubts about objectivity and accuracy of these methods. Th e relevance of a theoretical review in this area is due to the need to structure existing ideas on the role of culture in the development of identity in a digital society. One of the important tasks is to systematize the empirical data accumulated in diff erent ethno-cultural contexts through traditional and innovative methods of research. Current research focuses on the impact of Internet activity in social media on the identity development in a member of the “digital society”. Conclusion. Th e article considers modern ideas on the identity development of the younger generation in its connection with Internet activity and the use of social media. Th e results of studies that confi rm the cultural mediation of online identity are analyzed. Possibilities and limitations of the analysis of Internet activity and social media in the study of identity are demonstrated. Recommendations on the eff ective and ethical application of such analysis as well as on the combination of big data analysis with traditional socio-psychological research methods are summarized. Th e review will contribute to an in-depth study of global and culturally determined trends in the identity development of the digital generation at the present stage of cultural and historical evolution of society. It will also outline the prospects for analyzing Internet activity and social media while studying these trends.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СОЦІОЛОГІЧНИХ МЕТОДІВ ЗБОРУ ЕМПІРИЧНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ У ВІЙСЬКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОМУ НАУКОВОМУ ДОСЛІДЖЕННІ

The authors of this article show the peculiarities of the application of such sociological methods of collecting primary empirical information in military and pedagogical research as: opinion poll, sociological observation, sociological experiment, method of content analysis. The authors offer an overview of scientific developments of native researchers on the practical application of sociological methods in psychological and pedagogical research. This overview showed that it is mainly literature of an educational and methodological nature. The authors also suggested a list of scientific publications that highlight the results of research in which methods of opinion poll, observation, experiment and content analysis were used. The authors emphasize that despite the active use of these methods in research of military-pedagogical and military-psychological nature, there is a lack of publications that would highlight the peculiarities of the use of sociological tools in applied military-pedagogical research. The latter became the purpose of this publication. Moreover, the article provides a brief overview of such methods as: opinion poll, sociological observation, experiment and content analysis. The authors define methods, their varieties, describe the advantages and disadvantages of their application, briefly define the peculiarities of their application in military pedagogical research. Summing up, the authors outline the prospects for further scientific research. The next step is to conduct an empirical military-pedagogical study, the results of which and the peculiarities of the application of one of the sociological methods described in this article will be shown in the next joint publication.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛИЗАЦИИ БУДУЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ВЫЗОВОВ

The modern social situation determines the desire of modern youth to adapt to a changing reality, to choose the most acceptable adaptation strategies. In these conditions, the problems of professional socialization of students in the educational process of the university are updated. The purpose of the article: to characterize the features of the professionalization of future specialists in social work; highlight the factors affecting the professional formation of the person in the conditions of university training. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: a set of diagnostic procedures based on pedagogical, psychological and sociological research methods (survey, questionnaire, testing, etc.) Study results. The content of the article is based on the results of monitoring studies of student youth of Buryatia conducted by the author in 2011–2022. Such features of the professional formation of the student’s personality are distinguished as the lack of awareness of applicants in choosing a future profession, the low level of their professional motivation due to obtaining a diploma as a priority goal. There are factors that determine the attitude of students to the chosen profession: the low prestige of the profession in society, work causes physical strain, insufficient level of remuneration. Comparative analysis of the monitoring study made it possible to present the characteristics of social activity of student youth as one of the factors influencing their professionalization.

Human psychological and biometric factor in the development and use of social engineering methods in peacetime and wartime

The subject of this article is the process of influence of social engineers on people by manipulating consciousness, emotions, feelings without and with the use of modern information technology processing and simulation of biological characteristics of mankind in peacetime and wartime. The purpose and objectives are: consideration of existing methods of social engineering such as phishing, trojan, pretexting, watering hole, betting, quid pro quo, persecution, reverse social engineering through the prism of human feelings: naivety, inattention, greed, gullibility, curiosity, belonging fear; Consideration of modern technologies: handwriting forgery - My Text in your Handwriting algorithm, voice substitution - Descript's Ovrlab service, artificial dialogue - Replika application and face replacement - Deep Fake technology, which can help fraudsters to achieve their own goals of obtaining confidential data and carrying out further attacks based on them, as well as manipulating the consciousness of the real perception of events in wartime. The methods used are: psychological and sociological research methods, such as observation, social engineering methods, forecasting methods based on analysis and conclusions about future trends. The following results were obtained. Associations of methods of social engineering with feelings to which this or that psychological influence of the social engineer is directed are created. The potential of using emerging technologies with social engineering techniques to carry out more effective and sophisticated attacks, taking into account the favorite effects of criminals: haste, surprise, confusion, feelings of pity, anxiety, excitement and so on. The possibility of threats related to the procedures of authentication and authorization of users of biometric data on the basis of the considered modern technologies of imitation of biometric data of mankind: handwriting, voice, face. The scientific novelty of the research results is as follows: the importance and necessity of careful treatment of confidential information that people disseminate about themselves in all aspects of their social life; identified the main feelings on which social engineers play to achieve their own goals and benefit; the potential of development of modern technologies of imitation of biometric data of people in efficiency of carrying out attacks by methods of social engineering is specified, efficiency of use of means and methods of social engineering during information wars for influence on unstable psychological state is proved.

Использование психологического анализа устной речи и биографического метода в изучении личности

The study of personality is a cross-cutting direction of research in forensic science. One of the most effective methods for studying personality is the analysis of biographical information. Oral speech is of particular importance in the production of investigative actions that have a communicative aspect, such as interrogation, confrontation and presentation for identification on the basis of voice and speech. Signs of speech are individual, which determines their forensic significance. The aim of the work is to consider the possibilities of forensic research of personality through psychological analysis of oral speech and the biographical method. The main research methods were the biographical method of studying personality and the method of analyzing oral speech. The features of a typical speech model of participants in investigative actions belonging to various psychological types were analyzed. In recent decades, a new integrative field of scientific knowledge, the forensic doctrine of speech, has been actively formed in world forensic science at the intersection of psychology and linguistics. This line of research is based on the premise that a person’s oral speech is the richest source of information about a wide variety of features that characterize the speaker. Information about these features is established on the basis of an analysis of vocabulary, syntax, accent, and many other features of oral speech. Participating in the process of trace formation, reflection of events, recorded oral speech becomes a carrier of forensically significant information necessary for the detection and disclosure of crimes. The interrelation of the personality’s biography with the elements of the structure of oral speech is determined. For example, some structural elements of oral speech (content) reflect individual symbols and personally significant information in speech, which is closely related to the psychological data and social status of the individual (education and professional activity). The authors note a tendency in the analysis of speech behavior – the use of a typological approach, which makes it possible to individualize tactics in the production of investigative actions. The characteristics of a typical speech model of ten psychological types of participants in investigative actions are considered. The integration of psychological research methods into forensics also gives rise to a number of problems, such as the choice of the optimal personality typology, the need to develop a unified methodology for the psychological analysis of oral speech and the availability of specialists capable of analyzing speech on the basis of a special technical base.