Research Methods Research Articles

Selecting Printed Music in Public Libraries: A Committee-Driven Method for Curating Printed Music

ABSTRACT The height of the COVID-19 public health emergency saw libraries conducting collection audits of their materials, including their print music collections. The trend in contemporary public libraries in the United States is one which emphasizes generalization in its workforce regarding domain specialty knowledge and skills. This has necessitated an influx in inquiries delivered to the Music Library Association’s Public Libraries Committee on the topic of print music collection development from public library staff who lack the necessary training and experience. In response, the Public Libraries Committee created a document focusing on best practices in print music collection development that recommends 250 print music titles for public library acquisition. Selecting Printed Music in Public Libraries was produced using strategies similar to focus group research methods and addresses a novel dilemma found in public libraries – library workers tasked with managing music collections without the knowledge, skills, and abilities to effectively do so. This article is framed as a case study and offers an overview of the development of the Public Libraries Committee’s (PLC) document, Selecting Printed Music in Public Libraries. Additionally, this article describes the content included within the PLC’s document and offers recommendations for how to improve it moving forward.

A pilot study of optical coherence tomography-guided transbronchial biopsy in peripheral pulmonary lesions

ABSTRACT Background The diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) remains challenging. Despite advancements in guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) techniques, diagnostic yields haven’t reached ideal levels. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been developed for application in pulmonary diseases, yet no data existed evaluating effectiveness in diagnosing PPLs. Research design and methods This study included patients who underwent OCT and radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS)-guided TBB. OCT and R-EBUS imaging features were analyzed to differentiate between benign and malignant PPLs and subtypes of lung cancer. Results A total of 89 patients were included in this study. The diagnostic yield of OCT-guided TBB stood at 56.18%, R-EBUS-guided TBB was 83.15% (P<0.01). The accuracy of OCT to judge the nature of lesions was 92.59%, while R-EBUS was 77.92%. The accuracy of OCT in predicting squamous carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma were both 91.30%. Conclusions Although the diagnostic yield of OCT-guided TBB fell short of that achieved by R-EBUS, OCT possessed the capability to judge the nature of lesions and guide the pathological classification of malignant lesions. Further extensive prospective studies are necessary to thoroughly assess the characteristics of this procedure. Clinical trial registration https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/ identifier is NCT06419114

Potentially inappropriate anticholinergic drug use among older adults in primary healthcare: prevalence and determinants

ABSTRACT Background Considering the vulnerability of older adults to adverse drug reactions, medications with strong anticholinergic properties are considered potentially inappropriate for this population. This study aims to characterize older adults’ profile of anticholinergics use and to identify the factors associated with their potentially inappropriate use. Research design and methods A retrospective study was conducted on 1200 older adults in primary health care centers of Portugal between April 2021 and August 2022. Potentially inappropriate use was assessed according to the 2023 Beers criteria. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between independent variables and potentially inappropriate use. Results A 8.9% (95% CI 0.074–0.107) of the older adults were exposed to one or more potentially inappropriate anticholinergics, and amitriptyline was the most used (2.0%). Multivariate analysis revealed that use was associated with a higher mean number of medications (OR 1.173, 95% CI 1.115–1.234), diagnoses of depression (OR 2.889, 95% CI 1.785–4.674) and psychiatric disorders (OR 1.654, 95% CI 1.003–2.729). Conclusions This study underscores the importance of vigilance in prescribing anticholinergic medications to older adults, particularly those with higher medication burdens and mental health diagnoses. By identifying factors associated with potentially inappropriate use, healthcare providers can better tailor medication regimens to mitigate risks and optimize the well-being of older adults.

Challenges and solutions to implementing cardiac rehabilitation in a low- and middle-income country

ABSTRACT Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains greatly underutilized, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). It is therefore important to explore factors that contribute to this, as perceived by health-care professionals (HCPs). Research design and methods This was a qualitative study using in-depth interviews that enrolled 18 HCPs (i.e. six each of physicians, physiotherapists, and nurses; mean experience in CR: 17.9 ± 11.8 yrs) working in cardiovascular care, and CR across private and government hospitals (both teaching and non-teaching) in India. Results The main challenges were related to lack of referrals, perceived lack of benefit from CR, poor infrastructure within hospitals and health systems, and differences in practice. The perceived inadequacies were lack of competencies in CR, limited task sharing strategies, and ineffective utilization of existing human resources. Devising strategies to improve awareness and competencies, facilitating task sharing, and remodeling holistic care with an active CR component may be beneficial to facilitate greater implementation of CR in India. Conclusions Challenges, inadequacies, and solutions to implementing CR have been explored by involving various HCPs commonly involved in delivering CR across different health systems in a LMIC. Trial registration www.ctri.nic.in with identifier CTRI/2020/07/026807.

Awareness of net zero energy buildings among construction professionals in the Ghanaian construction industry

PurposeNet zero energy buildings (NZEBs) play a crucial role in mitigating the environmental impact of the construction industry. However, this concept in Ghana is still in the infancy stage, and the level of embracement in the construction industry is uncertain which further poses challenges to its adoption. This can be attributed to the lack of awareness of NZEB among construction professionals. Hence, understanding the awareness among construction professionals is essential for promoting sustainable building practices and reducing the carbon footprint of buildings. Therefore, this study investigates the level of awareness of NZEBs among construction professionals in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI).Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a quantitative research method where questionnaire survey was used to obtain data from sixty-six (66) construction professionals in the GCI through snowball sampling technique. The collected data were analysed using frequencies, mean scores, one-sample t-test and cross-tabulation.FindingsThe study revealed that thirty (30) construction professionals out of the sixty-six (66) had a moderate level of awareness of NZEBs, and 14 professionals had a low level of awareness. Thirteen had a high level of awareness. Three of the profesionals were extremely unaware, while six had a very high level of awareness. The study’s findings highlight the need to create awareness of NZEBs and their practices among construction professionals and employees in Ghana.Originality/valueNZEB is an under-explored area in the Ghanaian context and therefore, this study uniquely highlights the nascent awareness of NZEBs among Ghanaian construction professionals, unlike previous studies in more developed contexts. It underscores the critical need for targeted awareness programs essential for reducing the carbon footprint and advancing the adoption of NZEBs in the GCI.

Meal sharing economy: evaluation with SWOT analysis from host and local food tourists perspectives

ABSTRACT This research aims to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the meal-sharing economy, which has been gaining increasing interest and users worldwide. To achieve this goal, the experiences of hosts, who play a key role in the meal sharing economy, and tourists who benefit from this service were evaluated using a SWOT analysis. A phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods, was chosen for the study. The snowball sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were obtained through online semi-structured interviews. The collected data were transcribed and analyzed using descriptive and content analysis. Although the analysis showed that there are threatening factors and weaknesses in meal sharing economy activities, the findings suggest that, with proper implementation, meal-sharing economy activities can be a suitable and value creating gastronomy and tourism activity for both destinations and tourists.

Changes in roles and feelings among "Kaigoyobou leaders" responsible for community prevention activities over 10 years

Objectives Community residents experience changes over time, including those in the care prevention system, governmental expectations, and their motivations. To support community-based prevention activities, it is necessary to clarify these changes. This study used a qualitative research method to examine changes in roles and feelings among "Kaigoyobou leaders" who had been involved in community-based care prevention activities for 10 years.Methods The study participants were nine leaders (six men and three women) who had been active in community-based care prevention for approximately 10 years. Through one-hour semi-structured interviews, we explored their current activities, reasons for taking the leader training course, changes in the content of their activities since completing the course, changes in their roles in activities and feelings about the activities, and what they recognized as important in their activities. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. From the transcripts, we extracted "concepts" related to changes among the leaders and generated "categories" to summarize the concepts.Results The analysis identified 28 concepts summarized into 12 categories. The categories included: "belief in the activities" (e.g., "focusing on preventive effects"), "learning through trial and error" (e.g., "learning continuously"), "developing the activities" (e.g., "expanding the activities"), "commitment to the community" (e.g., "valuing connections with people involved in the activities"), "increasing required roles" (e.g., "taking consultations from juniors"), "relationship with the government" (e.g., "responding to requests from the government"), "benefits from the activities" (e.g., "receiving a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction from the activities"), "burden due to the activities" (e.g., "a shortage of group members"), "aging of stakeholders" (e.g., "increasing age of the participants"), "preparing for continuity" (e.g., "new people wishing to participate"), "considering ending activities" (e.g., "reducing activities due to increasing age of the leaders themselves"), and "impact of the coronavirus."Conclusion Leaders' strong belief in their activities and their ability to adapt based on successful experiences were crucial. They responded effectively to environmental changes, including evolving government relationships. Fostering leadership belief, highlighting the benefits of activities, and supporting collaborative responses to environmental changes are essential for ongoing success.

Twenty-first century learning skills and music engagement among young children: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Previous researchers have thoroughly examined music-based interventions, which involve singing, movement, and musical activities. According to the findings of previous research, music-based intervention is highly beneficial for young children in developing their 21st-century learning skills, which include communication, collaboration, creativity, and critical thinking skills. This review analysed and contrasted previous research on the studies of using music-based intervention in enhancing 21st-century learning skills. The SPIDER and CATT search tools were used to conduct this systematic review, which investigated samplings (S), phenomena of interest (PI), designs (D), evaluations (E), and research methods (R). The themes from the selected studies were also studied to investigate the effects of music-based interventions. Thirty-six studies with participants aged 1 to 12 that were published between 2001 and 2023 were included. This review found that music-based intervention has been discovered as a viable approach for enhancing the developmental skills of 21st-century learners among young children. Researchers and educators are suggested to pay close attention to ensuring the suitability and reliability of their research designs to maximize the effectiveness of music-based interventions.

CYP19A1 polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk in the Chinese Han population

ABSTRACT Background The expression of CYP19A1 has implications for the prognosis of female bladder cancer. However, this study aimed to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP19A1 and bladder cancer risk, as no prior research has addressed this association. Research design and methods We selected and genotyped five CYP19A1 SNPs (rs4646, rs6493487, rs1062033, rs17601876, and rs3751599) in 217 patients and 550 controls using the Agena MassARRAY system. Logistic regression analysis was employed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Bioinformatics predicted SNP functions and CYP19A1 involving pathways. Results Our study revealed a significant association between bladder cancer risk and four SNPs (rs4646 (AC vs. CC: OR = 1.71, FDR-p = 0.005), rs6493487 (G vs. A: OR = 0.68, FDR-p = 0.011), rs1062033 (G vs. C: OR = 0.36, FDR-p < 0.001), and rs17601876 (GA vs. GG: OR = 1.66, FDR-p = 0.008)) in CYP19A1. The three SNPs (rs4646, rs1062033, and rs17601876) were significantly correlated with CYP19A1 expression levels in normal whole blood (p < 0.05). Moreover, CYP19A1 was found to primarily participate in the steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolic pathways. Conclusions Consequently, CYP19A1 gene polymorphisms may play a crucial role in the genetic susceptibility to bladder cancer.

Comparing interteaching and discussion forums in an asynchronous online classroom.

The current study compared the effects of interteaching and discussion forum activities on quiz and assignment scores in a master's-level asynchronous research methods course. In an alternating-treatments design, six participants engaged in interteaching on half of the weeks and in the discussion forum on alternate weeks. Participants in the interteaching condition (M = 96.75) generally scored higher on quizzes than did those in the discussion forum condition (M = 75.95). The results of a paired-sample t test indicated statistically significant differences between the two conditions at p < .0001, with a substantial effect size of 0.6760. Significant differences in assignment scores were not observed between the interteaching (M = 87.28) and discussion forum (M = 89.08) conditions. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

The model of solving ethical challenges with nursing based on faith in God: a new model for nurses to care during epidemics

BackgroundThe existence of various ethical challenges, the inability to resolve ethical conflicts, and, as a result, the low quality of care and the occurrence of dissatisfaction in patients and nurses have been discussed for years. By creating new ethical challenges, the Covid-19pandemic has played an important role in making the process of care for these patients more difficult and complicated. This study was conducted with the aim of designing a prescriptive model to help provide ethical-care and resolve ethical conflicts during the Covid-19pandemic.MethodsIn this two-stage qualitative study, a grounded theory research method was used in the first stage, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Sampling started purposefully and continued theoretically. In the second step, the appropriate model was designed using the three-step method proposed by Walker and Avant.ResultsThe core concept was “behavior based on faith in God”, based on which the grounded theory of “faithful nursing” and then “model of solving ethical challenges with nursing based on faith in God” were presented. The strategies of the model in three parts are strengthening the beliefs of nurse, strengthening environmental facilitators to help nurse, and strengthening situational analysis in duty diagnosis in nurse were presented.ConclusionsAccording to this model, nurses’ beliefs play a key role, and the strengthening of environmental factors play a secondary role in ethical-care.

The persuasive impact of athlete racial advocacy on individuals’ cognitive responses: evidence from survey experiments in Japan

ABSTRACT Research question A growing body of research in sport literature links athlete racial advocacy to social justice. However, less is known about how athletes drive individual-level cognitive outcomes and contribute to the achievement of social justice through their advocacy. This study examines the persuasive impact of athlete advocacy on individual cognitive responses about racial discrimination from a causality perspective. Research methods This study employed survey experiments, specifically randomized controlled trials based on questionnaire surveys, within the context of Japanese athletes’ racial advocacy. Two original experiments were performed with 2,251 Japanese adults recruited from an online panel, using treatments with information on athlete advocacy as the intervention. Results and Findings The findings highlight that exposure to athlete racial advocacy can slightly facilitate individuals’ cognitive responses about racial issues, yet its persuasive power is fairly limited. Using multiple treatments that manipulated the fit between advocate athlete and advocacy content, our data also present experimental evidence that the persuasive power of athlete racial advocacy remains consistent across advocates’ racial backgrounds. Implications This study provides empirical and causal evidence of the persuasive power of athlete advocacy. Our findings contribute to the literature on the influence of athletes as advocates and sport for social justice.

First Peoples economic landscape: analysis of the ecosystem

PurposeThis paper focuses on First Peoples Founders of for-profit entities in Australia and the role of the Indigenous Economic Development Agencies (IEDAs). We explore the challenges facing First Peoples enterprises, influenced by historical exclusion from white settler society, and the practices of the IEDAs from the perspectives of Founders and agencies.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study utilising Indigenous Standpoint Theory and Indigenous research methods, elevating Founder perspectives, in the Yaruwu language - the Nilangany Ngarrungunil, owners of knowledge, to that of research collaborators.FindingsThe First Peoples economic landscape is continually evolving with IEDAs contributing to that evolution despite contentious identity ownership definitions. Founders secure in their own identity, are focused on self-determination and opportunities provided by IEDAs, government and corporate sector policies. However, opportunities are undermined by ongoing racism, discrimination and prevailing stereotypes leading to homogeneity, invisibility and exclusion. Founders question organisational commitments to overcoming systemic exclusion in particular their commitment to building respectful relationships and understanding First Peoples ways of working. Instead, Founders focus on building a sustainable First Peoples economic ecosystem through relationship-based practices rather than transactional reconciliation which ignores the reality of the lived experience of everyday racism.Originality/valueThis study extends the scholarly discourse on First Peoples for-profit enterprise success written with an Indigenous voice. We demonstrate how this Founder generation are strengthened by culture with identity infused in organisational practices underpinning their aspirations of economic self-determination.

Legal Protection and Notary Responsibilities: A Review of the Deed of Testament in the Context of Civil Cases

A testament deed is an authentic deed that has perfect proof. Testament is a unilateral will, so it does not require agreement with other parties, as a partij deed, the Notary only formulates the wishes of the Testator, because it involves property it often causes problems so that it is possible for a lawsuit against the testament deed. Analysing the decision of the Yogyakarta District Court No. 58/PDT.G/2011/PN.YK.Problem formulation: Legal protection for Notary related to the deed of will in civil case connected with Law No. 2 Year 2014, and Notary's responsibility towards the deed of will in civil case. The purpose of the research: to know the legal protection for Notary related to the deed of will in civil case in relation with Law No. 2 Year 2014. To find out the responsibilities of the Notary towards the testamentary deed in civil cases. The research method used in this research uses a normative juridical approach with additional interviews. The normative juridical approach is sourced from data collection obtained from library materials and then analysed by qualitative analysis method. The conclusion of the research is that the Notary is only responsible for the formal form of the deed he made, and is not responsible for the content of the deed. The protection of the Notary is that the will deed is a unilateral act, does not need the consent of other parties, as a partij deed, the Notary only formulates the wishes of the Testator, not as a party to the deed (Articles 52, 53 UUJN), besides that it is based on Article 66 of the UUJN which previously had to be approved by the MPD, currently replaced by the Notary Honor Council. Notaries are protected if they have fulfilled the requirements that must be met in making a deed of will. The author suggests that in making a deed, it is necessary to be careful, and adhere to the rules of the Notary Office. In addition, the Notary needs to provide information related to the will deed to the maker of the will and the party concerned. The government is expected to form regulations governing the protection of Notaries.

Analisis Kebutuhan Evaluasi Pembelajaran Unsur Dalam Tari Merak Bagi Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Pertama Berbasis Crossword Puzzle

This research to create innovative learning in creative evaluation through a crossword puzzle. The problem is focused on the fact that teachers still use conventional or paper-based learning evaluation models. To approach this issue, Sugiyono's theory on Evaluation is used as a reference for conducting the research. The learning evaluation process was carried out at SMP IT INSAN CENDEKIA to analyze the needs of students and teachers in the learning evaluation process at the school. The research method used is Research and Development (R&amp;D), which will produce an online-based learning evaluation innovation. Data was collected through qualitative research used to capture art learning evaluation assessment data conducted by teachers using observation, interviews, and documentation data collection techniques. The data was analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Quantitative research was used to test the validity and reliability of the products to be produced. The results of the research show that the wordwall puzzle is very practical for use by students of SMP IT INSAN CENDEKIA in the learning evaluation process, with 22 out of 24 students able to understand and use this application effectively. This study concludes that the online-based crossword puzzle learning evaluation model can provide new innovations in the evaluation process and has a high level of effectiveness and efficiency.

Legal Protection For Housing Consumers Who Suffer Losses Due to Fictitious Land Sales

Fictitious sales are practices that harm consumers and violate their rights, which have been protected and guaranteed by law. One of the cases that emerged was the sale of fake land by PT X in the Arjawinangun area, which caused losses for many consumers. This study examines the legal protection for consumers harmed by the sale of fake land and the legal steps taken by consumers for those who suffer losses due to the sale of counterfeit land. Normative juridical is the research method used in this study, which involves the study of regulations related to consumer legal protection and analyzing legal documents, including consumer protection laws. The research data was obtained from secondary data, namely the decision of the Cirebon District Court, using a data collection method through literature studies. The analysis shows that consumers have rights protected by law, including the right to be compensated for their losses. This study concludes that a law on consumer protection fosters consumers who are harmed by counterfeit sales; the law guarantees the right of consumers to receive correct information and prohibits the sale of goods and services that are not under the agreement. BPSK has to resolve disputes between consumers and perpetrators, where consumers can also file a lawsuit in the district court if fake sales harm them.

Balinese Women and Gender Equality in Tourism Industry

Purpose: This research aims to raise awareness among industry players and the wider community, especially those working in the tourism industry, regarding gender equality in the Bali tourism industry. Research methods: The research methodology employed is a literature review. Analysis of textual descriptions was carried out using the Gender Equality Continuum Assessment concept. Results and discussion: The findings reveal injustices faced by Balinese women working in the tourism sector, including the perpetuation of stereotypes implying limitations in managing the tourism sector and inadequate legal protections. These findings underscore the necessity of raising public awareness about gender inequality and enforcing legal protections for women in the tourism sector. Implications: By implementing gender equality policies and raising awareness of gender roles, the tourism industry is expected to create a more inclusive and fair environment thereby promoting social justice and fostering economic development.

Culture-Based Dakwah and Education Values: A Study of TGH. M. Najamuddin Makmun’s Work

Indonesian religious scholars employ diverse methods of Islamic preachings (da’wah), such as utilizing publications, oral traditions, or a combination of the two. This research aims to identify cultural-specific preaching teachings and educational principles of TGH. M. Najmuddin Makmun's writings, a charismatic tuan guru from Central Lombok. The primary emphasis is in his contemplations regarding the incorporation of educational principles, such as tolerance, humanity, perseverance, humility, and compassion, into his sermons. This study employs qualitative descriptive analysis and hermeneutics as research methods. The data is obtained from TGH's writings and interviews with his children and disciples. Data was also collected through direct observation at the Darul Muhajirin Praya Islamic Boarding School located in Central Lombok. The research findings indicate that TGH. M. Najmuddin Makmun’s writings convey messages regarding the preservation of the Prophet’s traditions and Islamic landmarks by reinforcing narratives that emphasize educational ideals transformed the outlook of the Sasak people in Lombok, fostering more religious devotion and cultural awareness. This research provides a valuable contributions to the utilization of culture-based preaching to foster the development of an Islamic society characterized by tolerance and reverence for cultural heritage.

Analysis of The Effectiveness of Electronic Ticketing Lodaya In Enforcing Traffic Violations

Rampant traffic violations have spurred the development of information system-based technology by the Indonesian National Police equipped with a network or website as its software or Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE). Through ETLE Lodaya, people ticketed for traffic violations will be sent a letter. This electronic system is very different from the street's manual ticketing mechanism. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the ETLE Lodaya system through the mechanism of the Electronic Ticket Lodaya system in the jurisdiction of the Cirebon City Police. The research method used in this writing is qualitative. The data collection technique was conducted by interviewing police members regarding traffic violations at the Cirebon City Police. The results of this study show that the use of Electronic Ticket Lodaya in the Cirebon City Police area has not been effective because of inhibiting factors that affect the effectiveness of the Electronic Ticket system, including the ETLE mechanism, which requires a long process, community disobedience to the rules.

Desperate Journey: Experiences of Persons Deprived of Liberty in Carcar City Jail

This is qualitative research on the experiences of persons deprived of liberty in Carcar City Jail during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sought answers to the life-changing experiences of the informants during the COVID-19 pandemic, how they coped with the challenges they encountered, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of the persons deprived of liberty. The study utilizes the phenomenological method of research. There were 10 informants individuals confined at Carcar City jails for the periods 2017-2018 and 2019-2022 respectively. They were selected based on the preset criteria of being in the facility during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research proceeded with an in-depth interview using the interview guide and voice recorder. The interviews were transcribed and with the use of Colaizzi’s method of analysis, eight emergent themes were created, namely: In the Life-Changing Experiences of the Informants during the COVID-19 Pandemic, three themes were created, namely: Breaking Momentum: Reminiscing the Older Self; Recovery Point: Road to Redemption; Breaking Point: The Moment of the Greatest Collapse; and Point of Reckoning: Reflection of One Self. In coping with the challenges encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic, two themes were created: Desolation: In the Face of Sorrow and Healing a Broken Soul: It's OK Not to Feel OK. For the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of the informants, two themes were created Retooling: The Long and Winding Road of Change and Reborn: The Return of the Prodigal Son. It is recommended in this study that the persons deprived of liberty experience creating an avenue for them to strive to change their perspective in life and stay away from things that might trigger them back to their old ways. The families of the informant's continuous support and understanding as to the source of the PDL’s strength and hope for their loved ones who are undergoing treatment programs and to stay strong to weather the storm and see the light beyond the darkest part of the tunnel. The DILG, BJMP, LGU and community should all play a role in achieving a holistic approach to rehabilitation as a program instrument by providing the necessary resources and equipment to fully achieve the goals of rehabilitating persons deprived of liberty as changed individuals upon reintegration into the folds of the community.