Research In Landscape Architecture Research Articles

Landscape significance and value of Ankara's first public green space: Millet Garden

Objective: Some of the parliament buildings have public open and green spaces nearby. For instance, United States’ Capitol Building has Capitol Grounds, Germany’s Reichstag Building has Platz der Republik Park and Spreebogen Park, The Palace of Westminster of United Kingdom has Victoria Tower Gardens. These spaces originated as green public spaces associated with state. The parliament buildings are often landmarks. Their green spaces enhance the spatial quality. Green spaces make parliament buildings more attractive places to visit and work. There is no landscape architecture research on Türkiye’s first parliament building’s green space so called Millet Garden. The objective of this study is to identify historic features and evaluate components. Material and Methods: The research is structured in qualitative research method and consists of four parts. The first part includes theoretical framework. The explanation of research design and the implementation of data collection method is the second part. The third part contains description of the site. The fourth part constitutes analyses the components of historic landscape in details. Results: This study reveals the importance of the Millet Garden by evaluating it in terms of landscape architecture. Conclusion: This study touches upon the importance and benefits of historic landscapes. Finally, the study revealed some directions for further studies.

The evolution and impacts of ‘complexity notions’ in landscape architecture

Complexity notions, i.e. ideas or methods that incorporate concepts and rationales from complexity science as analogies or models, frequently appear in landscape architectural discourses. However, debates have arisen about the legitimacy and relevance of complexity notions in landscape architecture. Are complexity notions an ephemeral fashion or derived from the inherent needs of landscape architecture research and practice? What role do complexity notions play in the development of landscape architecture? To answer these questions, we conducted a three-phase review of the complexity notions in landscape architectural theories and practices since early 20th century. We concluded that complexity notions in landscape architecture are a long-standing and increasingly significant subject rather than a passing fad. Complexity notions serve as an exploratory system rather than tyrannical dogma. Addressing the increasing complexity of landscapes and inspired by up-to-date complexity theories, incorporating adaptive learning processes is becoming a new paradigm in landscape research and practice.

Research and practice of restorative landscape design under the direction of healthy city

Because of its capacity to assist with individual physical and mental health, the restorative landscape design falling under the direction of healthy city is drawing more and more attention from a variety of businesses. One of the key concerns in landscape architecture research is how to handle with the interaction between restoration landscape, physical space environment, and behavioral space environment. The existing urban public space is increasingly inadequate to fulfill people’s diverse health demands. This essay examines the significance and objectives of contemporary revitalizing landscape design against the context of the expansion of healthy cities and the transformation of landscape design. It then suggests a revitalizing landscape design strategy with a healthy city orientation by combining the real-world example of Shanghai Wulong Commercial Plaza waterfront green space design.

Confronting Complexity: Interpretation of a Dry Stone Walled Landscape on the Island of Cres, Croatia

Dry stone walls are a worldwide phenomenon that may shape entire regions. As a specific form of vernacular agro-pastoral practice, they are expressions of the culture and history of a region. Dry stone walls have recently received increased attention in Croatia, primarily due to research in landscape architecture and (historical) geography, though archaeological research on such remains is rare in part due to the challenges of undertaking such work in areas covered by dense evergreen maquis vegetation. In this paper, this type of landscape has been studied in detail for the first time using Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) based digital feature models as a basis to articulate dynamic dry stone wall landscapes in a diachronic archaeological interpretation. Using a case study from the Mediterranean region of Punta Križa, Croatia, we show that what superficially appears to be a simple system of dry stone walls contains a wealth of information on a complex sequence of human activity. The systematic, detailed, and diachronic interpretation applies a transparent workflow that provides a tool for all those undertaking interpretative mappings of archaeological prospection datasets and has proved highly effective when working with ALS-derived visualizations. The capacity to develop spatio-temporal interpretation within the framework of GIS and a Harris Matrix is especially powerful and has the potential to change our image of any region. While the case study presented here deals with a small area in Croatia, the methods described have a broad application in any areas of complex landscape remains.

Landscape architecture at Wageningen (Netherlands)

In this article, I will give a brief overview of the development of teaching and research in landscape architecture in Wageningen by studying the relationships between practice, education and research over the past 50 years. The purpose of this article is to provide a first explorative overview. So far, few – if any – publications exist on this issue in an international context. The research method is based on the principles of case study research, logical argumentation and comparative analysis. The research material is largely Dutch; publications, projects. The outline is made up of three main sections, based on development over the last 50 years of landscape architecture education in Wageningen. New design knowledge and work domains for a growing number of landscape architects have emerged over the last 50 years. The academic environment of Wageningen University has strengthened the position of landscape architecture in meeting the new challenges of climate change; the combination of knowledge of the landscape as a natural system and conceptual ways of thinking seems to be a unique and solid basis for the future.

Quantitative Morphology of Polder Landscape Based on SOM Identification Model: Case Study of Typical Polders in the South of Yangtze River.

Landscape morphology is a significant area of landscape architecture research. One of the scientific and technological issues in recent landscape morphology research is the use of quantitative analysis technology driven by morphology indexes and computational models to describe, compare, and analyze form features. This article focuses on the form features of the polder landscape, based on existing theoretical and practical achievements in landscape morphology. First, we choose five landscape morphology indexes based on the morphological constituent units of the landscape (elongation, rectangular compactness, concavity, ellipse compactness, and fractal dimension). Then, using the self-organizing map (SOM), we create an identification model for clustering the types of constituent units. The experimental results show that the identification model can classify polder morphology and analyze the distribution of units using typical polders in the Yangtze River's south bank as study cases. This article presents a technical approach to polder landscape morphology classification as well as a reference and developable quantitative analysis method for landscape morphology research.

Study on the Construction of Landscape Architecture in Residential District Based on Urban Greening Remote Sensing

The garden landscape of urban residential areas has significant environmental benefits, allowing people to get closer to nature and integrate with nature to relax and have some social benefits at the same time. This article is aimed at studying the effect of urban greening remote sensing on residential landscape construction. This paper uses the greening remote sensing image processing algorithm combined with the analysis method of SURF color remote sensing image and conducts the experiment based on the urban greening remote sensing on the residential area landscape architecture research. This article combines sustainable development strategies with innovative design methods to deeply study the role of urban greening remote sensing on the construction of residential landscape architecture. At the same time, the experiment in this article also proposes that the garden landscape of urban residential areas can provide entertainment for people, soothe residents’ mood, and achieve the best use of residential buildings. However, there are still some constraints in the development process of residential industry: insufficient government support, relatively backward technology of residential industrialization, lack of support and input from enterprises, and prejudice of people’s traditional concept towards it. The experimental results of this paper show that the remote sensing image features of buildings in residential areas and public areas are obvious. In the recognition of 46 training features and 34 detection features, the number of correct remote sensing recognition features is 32, and the green building image remote sensing recognition is good. The accuracy is 94%, which can meet the identification requirements of greening in the building. Combined with the specific conditions of urban greening and garden construction in my country, it can meet people’s entertainment needs and, to a certain extent, can also improve people’s life and cultural taste.

Mapping the knowledge domain of Landscape Architecture research between 1965 and 2018

It was intended to analyze how landscape architecture, as a field of science, brings together innovative productions and perspectives to the thought and practice of landscape treatment. Initially used to diagnose and describe the structure of the landscape, currently, it has become a field of research integrated into approaching various environmental and socio-diversity issues. To represent the knowledge structure and evolution of Landscape Architecture, we used CiteSpace and VOSviewer software which pointed to the insurgency of issues related to Ecosystem Services, which arises new debates on landscape planning and management.

Quantitative study for applying prospect-refuge theory on perceived safety in Al-Azhar Park, Egypt

Global research in landscape architecture demonstrates the perceived safety in parks. This article used Al-Azhar Park, Cairo, Egypt, as a case study to determine the type of prospect that most promotes users' perception of safety. Given that prospects-refuge makes perceived safety perform better, this research focuses on 20 types of prospects concerning the eight factors of perceived safety. Using multi-choice surveys, the results from IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) statistics showed that the types of prospects are essential factors in creating parks' safety. The concluded replicable remarks highlighted that the panoramic views are the most preferred and perceived safety among other prospect types, especially the actual simple panorama and the open interrupted panorama. Future studies could develop those prospect types through qualitative analysis and other parks.

토픽모델링과 연결망 분석을 활용한 국내 조경 분야 연구 동향 분석 - 한국조경학회지를 대상으로 -

For the past half century, the Journal of the Korean Landscape Architecture has been leading the landscape architecture research and industry inclusively. In this study, abstracts of 1,802 articles were collected and analyzed with topic modeling and network analysis method. As a result of this paper, a total of 27 types of subjects were identified. Health and healing in the field of environmental psychology, garden and aesthetics, participation and community, modernity, place and placenness, microclimate, tourism and social equity also have been continued as important research area in this journal. Modernity, community and urban regeneration is hot topics and ecological landscape related topics were cold topics. Although there was a difference by subject, the variability of the research subjects appeared after the 2000s. In Network analysis, it shows that ‘Park’ is a representative keyword that can symbolize the journal, and ‘landscape’ is also important a leading area of the journal. Looking at the overall structure of the network, it can be seen that the journal conducts research on ‘utilizing’, ‘using’, and creating ‘park’, ‘landscape’, and ‘space’. This study is meaningful in that it grasped the overall research trend of the journal by using topic modeling and network analysis of text mining.

Intuitive spatial interaction in landscape design

Research in landscape architecture (LA) is an important area to improve natural, anthropogenic, social and economic sustainability. The focus point of the article is territory of historical greenery (THG) of LA, which originates as a result of interaction between material environment design and society. The study of THG problems today is based on the innate human right to live in a harmonious space of both aesthetic material and natural environment. Environmental quality criteria are important to understand the nature and human interaction embodied in LA as an expression of applied art. Therefore, urban spaces formed by the anthropogenic objects of LA, require studies of the systemic relationship between the material and natural environment and its function as a whole. Based on heuristic, qualitative and quantitative research methods and literature review of case studies, the article discusses the problems of interaction between contemporary society, historic legacy and natural processes. In this article, authors explore the natural human abilities to perceive and interact with the environment on the intuitive level. Universal design aims provide a value basis for social, cultural and functional interaction harmonization of the environment on the intuitive level. More universal and intuitive approach reveals the potential to enhance spatial interaction with the THG and to improve quality of its future management and development scenarios.

The Research Methods in Landscape Architecture: Quantitative Analysis in Park Areas

Peyzaj mimarligi arastirmalari; planlama, tasarim, koruma, onarim, uygulama ve yonetim konularinda yapilmaktadir. Yapilan bu arastirmalarin her biri icin bir yontem tasariminin kurgulanmasi gerekmektedir. Calismada, peyzaj mimarliginda arastirma alanlari olan; kentsel ekosistem, acik/ yesil alanlar ve park alanlari ile ilgili bilgiler sunulmustur. Park alanlarina odaklanilarak, arastirma yontemleri sunulmustur. Calismada, peyzaj mimarliginda kantitatif yontemlerle yurutulen arastirmalar park alanlari ozelinde degerlendirilmistir. Dunya’da ve Turkiye’de peyzaj mimarligi arastirmalarinda, arastirma materyali olan park alanlariyla ilgili arastirma yontemleri ortaya konularak, bilgiler sunulmustur.

Design as Research in Landscape Architecture

Research through design (RTD) is a frequently used concept in the day-to-day practice of education and research in the field of landscape architecture. RTD as a concept usually refers to a research method in which spatial design plays the leading role. The underlying premise is that design is a form of research and involves a culture of thought. Though there is a wealth of literature available on the relationship between research and design, there is a dearth of literature addressing the act of design as a research process in the field of landscape architecture. This paper contributes to the RTD discourse by addressing how spatial design can be applied as a research strategy. The article defines design as a form of research and identifies how design relates to other more conventional definitions of research methods. It elaborates on RTD as a concept and the types of knowledge that it generates. The paper also addresses the design process and design methods in landscape architecture. In addition, criteria for accepted, responsible research are translated into practical requirements that can guide RTD processes in academic and professional contexts. In order to continue developing landscape architecture as a design discipline, it is important that the theoretical, methodological, and technical foundations of spatial design are clarified and strengthened.

Mapping Research in Landscape Architecture: Balancing Supply of Academic Knowledge and Demand of Professional Practice

With increasing academic research in the past few decades, the knowledge scope of landscape architecture has expanded from traditional focus on aesthetics to a broad range of ecological, cultural and psychological issues. In order to understand how academic research and knowledge expansion may have redefined the practice, two surveys were conducted: one on Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture (CELA) in 2010 (n=230, response rate=43%), and another on the members of American Society of Landscape Architect (ASLA) in 2012 (n=239, sample rate=5%, response rate=31%). Results revealed that the scope of knowledge has expanded since 1970s in areas such as public welfare and personal pleasure. 2) The need for academic research is widely perceived in landscape architecture profession. 3) Academic research primarily generate explanatory knowledge, which has become an important supplement to judgmental design knowledge learned through systematic professional education and construction design knowledge learned through practice. 4) Practitioners believed that they use more logic thinking than intuition in their practice today, and expected more research to facilitate the former than the later.

Exploring research priorities in landscape architecture: An international Delphi study

Many of the world's major challenges require responses that are embedded in landscape planning, design, and management. To date, however, it is unclear which research domains should form the core of a future landscape architecture research agenda. This study explored which domains landscape architecture experts prioritise as most important for landscape architecture as a research discipline and which domains they prioritise as most useful for landscape architecture practice. A Delphi study was conducted with an international sample of landscape architecture experts from academia and professional practice. Results suggest that research into ‘human dimensions of planning and design’ and ‘built environments and infrastructure’ is desirable from an academic and practice-oriented view. Additionally, the domains ‘global landscape issues’ and ‘green urban development’ seem to be important for landscape architecture as a research discipline. These four domains could thus form the core of a future research agenda. Some differences appeared to exist between academic and professional experts as well as between experts from different continents. This suggests that a future research agenda should allow for refinements according to specific regional needs. For the first time, landscape architecture is now in possession of a foundation upon which a fascinating research agenda may be built. Additionally, pertinent discussions are expected to contribute to the continuing maturation of landscape architecture as a discipline that does not only rely on other established research disciplines, but also builds its own body of knowledge.

Big Data in the Big Easy: How Social Networks Can Improve the Place for Young People in Cities

Access to social data on human experience of place has never been more available than now. Social media, smart phones, and the Internet of Things provide glimpses into individual activity across the globe. The nearly-boundless stream of information is called “big data.” Today, physically and even socially disconnected individuals can benefit from the similar experiences of others to adapt and change their environment. I argue that big data provides two critical benefits for landscape architecture research and practice: (1) big data opens a window into previously inaccessible human experiences of designed environments, introducing new metrics for evidence-based design and new ways of improving design literacy; and (2) the design, planning, and management of the land—especially in cities—can benefit from scraping big data to support urban ecological design. My study of YouTube use in New Orleans shows that big data can advance landscape research to support positive, interdependent relationships between people and built environments. Landscape architecture would benefit by harnessing this resource to better understand relationships with place and encourage individuals to participate in the design, creation, and evolution of cities.

Themes in Landscape Architecture Publishing: Past Trends, Future Needs

Abstract Many scholars acknowledge the need for rigorous research in landscape architecture to improve practice and teaching, and several recent studies have explored research trends in the discipline. This study continues this exploration by reviewing the articles published in the three prominent English-language landscape architecture journals: Landscape Journal, Landscape Review, and the Journal of Landscape Architecture. Specifically, this study analyzes the abstracts from 441 research articles to determine specific themes and publishing trends over 31 years (1982–2013). Findings indicate that “history” is by far the most prominent research theme, followed by “social and cultural processes and issues” and “aesthetics.” Several themes—such as “sustainability and green infrastructure,” “participation and collaboration,” and “research methods and methodologies”—have become more prominent in recent years. However, topics of current social and political concern—such as “climate change,” “active living,” “energy,” and “health”—are not yet prominent themes in the research literature, and could be key areas for future contribution. With the exception of a few themes, findings also suggest a moderate degree of alignment between research and practice. The article concludes with recommendations for future areas of research that will better position landscape architecture as a research-oriented profession with broad social relevance.

‘Research through designing’ in landscape architecture

There is a general consensus amongst landscape architecture academia that the discipline has to urgently advance its methodological repertoire to generate new knowledge and thus strengthen the academic position of landscape architecture. To enhance the methodological repertoire, the core activity of landscape architecture – designing – needs more emphasis in research. Therefore, we shed light on methods that actively employ designing within the research process or ‘research through designing’ (RTD) in this essay. We position ‘research through designing’ in general discussions on research and design relations and indicate its great importance for landscape architecture research. Building upon Creswell's well established overview of knowledge claims ((post)positivist, constructivist, advocacy/participatory and pragmatic) and related research methods, we categorize different types of RTD for landscape architecture in these knowledge claims. For each claim, we articulate types of new knowledge that is searched for, related research questions, appropriate RTD methods and evaluation strategies. In grounding RTD in Creswell's framework, we argue that many types of designing can be a respected research method when they comply with the respective rules. With this overview, we would like to facilitate further methodological discussion in landscape architecture and enhance interdisciplinary communication and cooperation with other academic disciplines.

The New Rural Landscape Architecture Research Basing on the Background of Low Carbon Economy

In this paper, the new rural landscape architecture is the research object, with the low carbon angle, we try to explore the systematic methods of new rural landscape architecture .

Design-related research in landscape architecture

This article introduces a research strategy for landscape architectonic design. It describes a systematic approach where design research and research-by-design are combined. Design research is considered to be an indispensable step in research-by-design. Together they constitute a heuristic approach for knowledge-based and creative design, and include plan analysis, comparative analysis, experimental design study and design study. Taken together these modes of research are termed design-related research. The development of design-related research in landscape architecture is regarded as crucial for understanding the formative elements of landscapes and for the development of planning methods and design strategies. In this respect landscape architectonic design actually can be seen as a form of research. The presented research strategy is applicable in related spatial design disciplines such as urban design and architecture, and therefore a contribution to the field of design-related research.