Research In India Research Articles

Genetics Analysis of Rf Gene in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

The inability to develop functional pollen is caused by cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a maternally inherited trait. Restorer-of-fertility (Rf), a nuclear gene, could cause normal pollen production in CMS plants, resulting in fertility in the plant. This paper aimed to study the inheritance of restoration of fertility traits in both Sweet pepper and Hot pepper. The study was conducted in the Indian agricultural research institute, Katrain regional station, India. Genetic analysis of fertility restoration was performed on the progeny of chilli and sweet pepper. KTCA 5 (cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile line-Sweet pepper), KTCA 10 (cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile line-Sweet pepper. F2 segregation population and back cross BC1 population obtained from an F1 hybrid between KTCR 15 (a fertility restorer line). The fertility of the test-crossed lines was assessed under open field conditions using pollen related criteria. The fertility restoration trait segregated in 3:1 and 1:1 F2 segregation populations and backcrossed BC1 populations respectively in both Sweet Pepper and Hot pepper backgrounds. This indicates single dominant gene inheritance of the Rfgene. There is no effect of CMS background on the restoration trait inheritance.

Design of Temperature Controller for Irradiation Experiment in Nuclear Reactor

Indian nuclear research reactors provide facilities to carry out irradiation experiments on the core structural materials to assess the radiation damage in these materials. The radiation damage in the material strongly depends on the temperature of irradiation. The temperature-controlled instrumented irradiation capsule (TCIIC) is a device which facilitates irradiation of specimens at a constant higher temperature in a reactor. This paper discusses design of PID controller to establish a constant temperature in the TCIIC system. The control parameters are estimated through placement of dominant pole-zero in the “S-plane” and a stable region of the PID controller parameters was defined. The time response result from the proposed method has been compared with other well-known PID controller design methods and also verified experimentally. The proposed method shows that the controller parameters can provide a stable and reliable performance of temperature control needed in the irradiation experiment.

Validation of wind measurements of two mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere radars in northern Sweden and in Antarctica

Abstract. Two atmospheric VHF radars: ESRAD (Esrange MST radar) located near Kiruna in the Swedish Arctic and MARA (Moveable Atmospheric Radar for Antarctica) at the Indian research station Maitri in Antarctica perform wind measurements in the troposphere and lower stratosphere on a regular basis. We compared horizontal winds at altitudes between about 0.5 and 14 km derived from the radar data using the full correlation analysis (FCA) technique with radiosonde observations and models. The comparison with 28 radiosondes launched from January 2017 to August 2019 showed that ESRAD underestimates the zonal and meridional winds by about 8 % and 25 %, respectively. This is likely caused by the receiver group arrangement used for the FCA together with a high level of non-white noise. A similar result was found when comparing with the regional numerical weather prediction model HARMONIE-AROME (Bengtsson et al., 2017) for the period September 2018–May 2019. The MARA winds were compared with winds from radiosondes for the period February–October 2014 (291 occasions). In contrast to ESRAD, there is no indication that MARA underestimates the winds compared to the sondes. The mean difference between the radar and radiosonde winds is close to zero for both zonal and meridional components. The comparison of MARA with the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis for January–December 2019 reveals good agreement with the mean difference between 0.1 and −0.5 m/s depending on the component and season. The random errors in the wind components (standard deviations over all estimates in 1 h averages) are typically 2–3 m/s for both radars. Standard deviation of the differences between radars and sondes are 3–5 m/s.

WITHDRAWN: Study of hydro chemical parameters of surface water for the irrigation purposes and its visualization using Google earth pro and Bhuvan earth

Surface water is an important source of water in agriculture. Google Earth Pro is a computer application software that provides a three dimensional Earth presentation based on satellite imagery. Google Earth Pro's thematic maps relate to agricultural, water, disaster, and processed satellite data. It also provides visualization and earth observation services to users in public. Bhuvan is an Indian web-based benefit that permits users to survey a group of map-based content prepared by an Indian space research organization. The present study is conducted to evaluate the hydrochemical parameters of surface water in a few tanks of the Ramanathapuram block and its suitability for irrigation purposes. The water samples were collected from 10 minor irrigation tanks to investigate the water quality parameters. The collected samples are stored in a refrigerator at 4 °C and tested within the week. The hydrochemical parameters including pH, Electrical conductivity, Nitrate, Chlorides, Sulphates, Phosphates, Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Hardness, and Sodium adsorption ratio are tested in the laboratory and results are arrived. The results are imported in Google earth pro and Bhuvan earth to visualize the parameters. Except for hardness and magnesium all other parameters tested are within the range and near the standard values. Hardness value exceeds the standard value recommended for the irrigation purpose only because of an increase in the concentration of magnesium. Hence the water should be treated before supplying to the field for reducing hardness and magnesium.

Moderating Role of Organizational Levels in the Autonomy, Feedback, Role Stressors, and Job Satisfaction Model

The present study determines the moderating role of organizational levels in autonomy, feedback, role stressors (role conflict and role ambiguity), and job satisfaction among Indian software employees because very few Indian researchers explore this aspect. This study also determines the impact of autonomy, feedback, and the role of stressors on job satisfaction among low and middle levels of software employees. Multi-group moderation analysis found that high autonomy is experienced by low-level software employees, and high feedback is experienced by high-level software employees. In case of role stressors, role conflict was experienced more by middle level as compared to low-level, and role ambiguity was significantly more experienced by low-level as compared to middle-level software employees. Chi-square difference test found invariant moderation effects of organizational levels in autonomy, feedback, role conflict, role ambiguity, and job satisfaction model.

ADolescents gEnder surVey, rEsponsible coupLes evaluatiOn, and capacity building Project in India (DEVELOP): a study protocol.

Domestic violence and assault (DVA) against women is a serious concern in India. This affects the health and wellbeing of victims and their dependents. Published evidence has documented a variety of reasons for such violence in Indian societies, paving a pathway to design, implement, and evaluate intervention models to address this issue. DEVELOP is a research study designed by UK and Indian research teams to plan future projects to address gender-based discrimination and DVA against women and girls in India. This study protocol provides detailed information on the objectives, research methods, data collection, storage, analysis, and dissemination plans of the DEVELOP phase 1 work (2018-19). The first component is a survey of adolescent boys and girls from rural areas of the Maharashtra state of India to understand their gender equality related knowledge and beliefs. The insight gathered will be used to design interventions targeted at adolescent populations through future research and development programmes. Secondly, an evaluation of the 'Responsible Couples' project will be conducted to assess its success and challenges, and to inform future programme activities and strategy. The 'Responsible Couples' project is implemented in 40 villages of Maharashtra state to improve relationships in married couples, prevent violence against women, intervene during violence, and to provide support services for women and their family members. Research findings will be disseminated though public engagement events in India, international conferences, and peer reviewed publications. Secondly, our two key partners (SWISSAID and HMF) will benefit from such evidence to inform their on-going as well as forthcoming projects on gender equality in India. Research findings will be also useful for local government authorities and non-government agencies striving to advance gender equality.

Analysing Open Access Uptake by Academic and Research Institutions in India

The commitment to Open Access (OA) movement has started revolutionising the outline of conventional scholarly publishing practices and welcoming the new wind to scientific research across the world. Motivating by the changing scenario, the study strives to analyse OA uptake by the Indian academic and research institutions concerning their research productivity. Publication data of 36 universities have been retrieved from the 2020 record of CWTS Leiden Ranking database. Findings of the study show that around 23 per cent of all publications of these universities are openly accessible, and their median OA publications proportion is much lower (around half) than the median measure of universities worldwide (43 %). ‘Green OA’ reserved the first place with 17 per cent of occurrence, and Biomedical and Health Sciences have achieved the highest median (34.37 %). The study concludes with a vision towards increasing the global collaboration of the academic institutions regarding OA following the account of the Indian achievements.

ADolescents gEnder surVey, rEsponsible coupLes evaluatiOn, and capacity building Project in India (DEVELOP): a study protocol

Domestic violence and assault (DVA) against women is a serious concern in India. This affects the health and wellbeing of victims and their dependents. Published evidence has documented a variety of reasons for such violence in Indian societies, paving a pathway to design, implement, and evaluate intervention models to address this issue. DEVELOP is a research study designed by UK and Indian research teams to plan future projects to address gender-based discrimination and DVA against women and girls in India. This study protocol provides detailed information on the objectives, research methods, data collection, storage, analysis, and dissemination plans of the DEVELOP phase 1 work (2018-19). The first component is a survey of adolescent boys and girls from rural areas of the Maharashtra state of India to understand their gender equality related knowledge and beliefs. The insight gathered will be used to design interventions targeted at adolescent populations through future research and development programmes. Secondly, an evaluation of the ‘Responsible Couples’ project will be conducted to assess its success and challenges, and to inform future programme activities and strategy. The ‘Responsible Couples’ project is implemented in 40 villages of Maharashtra state to improve relationships in married couples, prevent violence against women, intervene during violence, and to provide support services for women and their family members. Research findings will be disseminated though public engagement events in India, international conferences, and peer reviewed publications. Secondly, our two key partners (SWISSAID and HMF) will benefit from such evidence to inform their on-going as well as forthcoming projects on gender equality in India. Research findings will be also useful for local government authorities and non-government agencies striving to advance gender equality.

Help-seeking for mental health concerns: review of Indian research and emergent insights

PurposeThe purpose of this review was to examine Indian research on help-seeking for mental health problems in adults.Design/methodology/approachOriginal Indian research studies on help-seeking for mental health, published from the year 2001−2019 were searched on PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest and OVID using a set of relevant keywords. After applying exclusion criteria, 52 relevant research studies were identified.FindingsThe reviewed studies spanned a variety of themes such as barriers and facilitators to help-seeking, sources of help-seeking, causal attributions as well as other correlates of help-seeking, process of help-seeking and interventions to increase help-seeking. The majority of these studies were carried out in general community samples or treatment-seeking samples. Very few studies incorporated non-treatment seeking distressed samples. There is a severe dearth of studies on interventions to improve help-seeking. Studies indicate multiple barriers to seeking professional help and highlight that mere knowledge about illness and availability of professional services may be insufficient to minimize delays in professional help-seeking.Originality/valueHelp-seeking in the Indian context is often a family-based decision-making process. Multi-pronged help-seeking interventions that include components aimed at reducing barriers experienced by non-treatment seeking distressed persons and empowering informal support providers with knowledge and skills for encouraging professional help-seeking in their significant others may be useful.

Natural products based nanoformulations for cancer treatment: current evolution in Indian research

The use of medicinal plants is as ancient as human civilization. The development of phytochemistry and pharmacology facilitates the identification of natural bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action, including against cancer. The efficacy and the safety of a bioactive compound depend on its optimal delivery to the target site. Most natural bioactive compounds (phenols, flavonoids, tannins, etc) are unable to reach their target sites due to their low water solubility, less cellular absorption, and high molecular weight, leading to their failure into clinical translation. Therefore, many scientific studies are going on to overcome the drawbacks of natural products for clinical applications. Several studies in India, as well as worldwide, have proposed the development of natural products-based nanoformulations to increase their efficacy and safety profile for cancer therapy by improving the delivery of natural bioactive compounds to their target site. Therefore, we are trying to discuss the development of natural products-based nanoformulations in India to improve the efficacy and safety of natural bioactive compounds against cancer.

A Scientometrics Analysis of Publications of AIIMS and PGIMER during 2000-2019

The objective of this article is to analyze and compare the scientometric parameters of the journal publications of 2 top Indian medical research institutes – All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER). The data set was collected using the Web of Science (WoS) database for 20 years (2000-2019). We have compared the number of journal publications and citations for these two institutions. We used various bibliometric parameters like the number of articles, the number of citations received, average impact factor, international collaborations, and authorship pattern to analyze the research contributions made by the authors of both institutes. The data reveals that AIIMS published 20,550 articles in 2382 unique journals with 1,48,388 citations, and PGIMER published 13,142 articles in 1695 unique journals with 69,659 citations. Most of the articles were published in peer-reviewed international journals having a high impact factor. The average number of citations received per article is 7.22 for AIIMS and 5.30 for Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER).

Indian Research in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during the Past Three Decades: A Scientometric Analysis.

India plays an important role in global research on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but a bibliometric assessment of this research is lacking. To provide a comprehensive analysis of Indian GDM research during the last 30years using select bibliometric indicators. The Scopus international database was used to retrieve publication data, using a defined search strategy. The analysis focused on research output of Indian authors and organizations and their collaborations. The qualitative performance was assessed in terms of relative citation index and citations per paper (CPP). Overall, 100 countries participated in GDM research producing 13,193 publications during 1990-2019. India ranked ninth in global output (1182 publications, 3.1% share) and CPP of 18.6. Only 21.3% of publications had international collaboration and 9.4% were funded. Of the 235 organizations and 544 authors that participated in India's research on GDM, the top 50 organizations and authors contributed 53.8 and 36.4% to national publication share, respectively. The leading productive organizations were AIIMS, New Delhi, KEMH, Pune and PGIMER, Chandigarh, whereas the most productive authors were S. Kalra, V. Seshiah and C.S. Yajnik. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India and Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice were the most productive journals. Indian research on GDM is lagging behind other countries which have a similar disease burden. Increasing national and international collaborations, and active support of national and international funding agencies is urgently required to produce quality research on GDM. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-021-01444-7.

Overcoming Barriers to Inclusion in Education in India

Purpose: To identify successful interventions supporting teachers and school leaders to achieve inclusive education in India, including clarifying the underpinning causal logic and identifying research gaps. Methods: Indian and Australian researchers collaborated to complete a scoping review that drew together the full range of evidence of successful educational interventions related to school leadership and teaching functions, including from grey literature sources. The scoping review protocol from the Joanna Briggs Institute was followed which involved an initial statement of the search strategy, multiple rounds of processing, and thematic analysis of results. Results: Interventions contributing to a) engaging and mobilising school leaders and teachers, b) training, resourcing and supporting them, and c) monitoring and evaluating them were tabled and analysed, allowing for an analysis of which interventions had been shown to be effective. Conclusions: Findings underlined the central steppingstone in the causal logic of effective school leadership and classroom teaching and, additionally, the importance of adopting an appreciative, asset-based and collaborative approach to all work with teachers and school leaders. These findings have direct implications for all capacity-building with school leadership and teaching staff, including initial teacher training, continuing professional development, and establishing optimal network and collaborative arrangements.

Ranking of Indian Research Intensive Higher Education Institutions using Multiple Ranking Methodologies a Correlation Analysis

This article ranks the same set of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in India using four different ranking methodologies, namely, i) NIRF (Overall): used for Overall category of India Rankings; ii) NIRF (Only Research and Professional Practices parameters); iii) Research Ranking Methodology; a new methodology evolved for ranking of research-intensive institutions under NIRF; and vi) IFQ2A index developed by Spanish group of scientists. The four sets of ranked institutions were obtained using methodologies mentioned above and correlation analysis was carried out on these four sets using Pearson Bivariate Correlation. It was found that a very strong and positive correlation exists between ranking of HEIs using new methodology (R2M) evolved for ranking of research-intensive institutions and ranking by HEIs using IFQ2A Index.

Journal of Environmental Biology: Current credibility and acceptance

Open Access of research papers was made available 2) R & D Division: In 2008, Journal established its own Research & Development (R & D) division under the guidance of a consultant and scientists to scrutinize all submitted manuscripts for unethical practices and recommend ways to improve quality and scientific merit The contributions of the reviewers are appropriately acknowledged by publishing their names in the Reviewer's Panel of the Journal 3) Digital Object Identifier: Journal took the membership of Crossref in 2016, so as to allot the DOI number to each paper published in the Journal of Environmental Biology 4) JEB International Awards: In 2018, the Journal introduced "JEB - International Award (IA)" for the best paper published in a calendar year to recognize and appreciate the outstanding research paper published in the Journal Scientific Leadership: In September 2020, the National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM), Hyderabad organized an online training program and the JEB editor was invited as an expert in a panel discussion on "Science of Writing Good Research Papers"

Study of Psychological Distress among Sexual and Gender Minorities and Cishet Young Adults of India and United States of America

Thedecriminalisation of homosexuality on September 6, 2018 in India has led to focus of Indian researchers towards mental health of Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGMs) who face day-to-day challenges such as social-unacceptance, identity under-expression,discrimination and hate crimes. The present study focuses onanalysing psychological distress among one of the most developed country i.e. United States of America (US) and the fast-developing country i.e. India with the inclusion of the LGBTQ+ and Cishet population. To fulfil the objective, data was collected from 200 young adults falling under 18-40 years of age from both Indians (N=100) and Americans (N= 100) through Purposive Sampling Technique. Furthermore, there were 50 LGBTQ+ and 50 Cishet sample inboth group of each country. The responses were collected through SurveyMonkey. Every respondent was individually assessed using Kessler’s Psychological Distress Scale (K10; Kessler et al.,2002) for evaluating the extent of psychological distress in the individual.The data analysis was done by Independent sample t-test using IBM SPSS software.The results indicate that 1.) Young adults of India have higher psychological distress than that of Americansas well as both the group (LGBTQ+ and Cishet Population) of India have higher psychological distress than that of the US;2) LGBTQ+ population has higher psychological distress in comparison to Cishet population in both India and US as well as for young adults.

Community Prevalence and Risk Factors for Psychological Abuse in India

Violence against women has been recognized by the United Nations as a fundamental violation of women’s human rights. Although there is a good amount of research on physical violence, very little on psychological abuse from Indian researchers. In India too, domestic violence is prevalent in all sections of the community. The objectives of the study are to find the prevalence of psychological abuse in different stratum in India and the risk factors of psychological violence. A cross-sectional study based on 9938 women in rural, urban, and urban non-slum sites across India was conducted in 1998–1999. Logistic regression was done to find the risk factors of psychological violence. Despite the limitations of the 9426 women responded psychological violence, 3306 (35.1%) (95%CI: 23.1, 47.0) reported any psychological abuse in the past 1 year. The women who had lower education, from lower socioeconomic status (SES) and whose mothers-in-law not satisfied with dowry had higher risk for psychological abuse. There was a synergistic effect in psychological abuse if the woman is from low SES and the husband is an alcoholic and the risk is 7.4 times higher as compared to women who did not have both. However, alcoholism had significant independent effect when this was interacted with satisfaction of dowry. We suggest that the families should avoid asking and giving dowries. Besides these, the newly married women should be counseled to handle the conflicts at the family level so that the physical and psychological abuses can be avoided.

Type 1 diabetes in children: a scientometric assessment of Indian research output from 1990 to 2019

Pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an intensively researched disease in the developed countries. However, the Indian contribution to global pediatric T1D research is limited. To provide a comprehensive analysis of Indian research on pediatric T1D over the past 3 decades. Articles on pediatric T1D published from 1990 to 2019 were retrieved from Scopus database. Specifically, the data on number of publications, top productive institutions and authors, citation analysis, highly cited articles, international collaboration, and active journals were extracted and presented using appropriate bibliometric indicators. The USA leads the global ranking of 90 countries with 29.29% publications share, followed by the UK, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and Australia with 10.77 to 5.48% share. India is ranked 17th and contributed 1.98% to global output. India’s publications averaged 9.74 citations per paper (CPP) compared to global average of 23.61. During 1990–2019, Indian research registered an average annual growth of 37.47% compared to global output of 12.45%. The most productive organizations were PGIMER, Chandigarh, and AIIMS, New Delhi, contributing 37 and 26 publications respectively. The most impactful publications were from MDRF, Chennai, and DRC, Chennai, with CPP of 20.36 and 19.56 and relative citation index of 2.09 and 2.01 respectively. Devi Dayal and V. Mohan were the most productive authors with 27 and 13 papers respectively. Indian contribution to global scientific output on pediatric T1D is lagging in quantity and quality compared to developed countries but has shown improvement in recent years. There is a need for Indian researchers to focus on collaborative research in pediatric T1D.

Eating disorders research in India: A bibliometric assessment of publications output during 2000–2019

Aim: The paper examines quantitative and qualitative dimensions of India's research output on Eating Disorders. Methodology: Scopus database was searched for the publications on eating Disorder from India during the years 2000 to 2019, and then the articles were screened to select the relevant articles. Results: The study included 132 publications. India's cumulative research in this area registered 328% absolute growth and averaged 6.87 citations per paper. The distribution of output by type of research revealed that anorexia nervosa and pica (31.82% and 28.79% share) contributed the largest shares of publications on eating disorders during 2000–2019. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru; and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, lead the country as the most productive organizations (with 14, 11, and 7 papers each). Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine and Indian Journal of Pediatrics formed the most common journals publishing research on eating disorder, with largest contribution of 9 papers each. Conclusion: There is meager research on eating disorders from India.

Quantum dots research in India: A bibliometric study of the publications output for the period 2000-2019

The paper studied the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of quantum dots research by India for the period 2000-2019. The data for the study was sourced from the Scopus database. India's research in this field was analyzed in the global context. India contributed 4946 publications and the global output in the subject was 92,004 publications. The study analyzed publications and citation data at the global, national, institutional, and individual author level using metrics such as publication growth, international collaborative publications, citations per paper, global publication share, and activity index. The study also analyzed data by subjects intersecting quantum dots research, by quantum dots applications, technologies, and materials studied for quantum dots research. The study highlights the topmost productive countries in the world, most productive institutions, and authors in quantum research in India. Though India ranks as the fifth most productive country in the world in quantum dots research., the body of research in the subject is still small and insignificant compared to other top countries. The paper underlines the need for India's research to grow and suggests strategies for the purpose.