Biotechnology Research Research Articles

Organizational Resilience to Knowledge Loss in Biotechnology Research

Organizational Resilience to Knowledge Loss in Biotechnology Research

Antibacterial sponge for rapid noncompressible hemostatic treatment: spatiotemporal studies using a noninvasive model.

Hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of preventable death. While minor injuries can be treated mainly by conventional methods, deep and irregular wounds with profuse bleeding present significant challenges, some of which can be life-threatening and fatal. This underscores the need to develop easily applicable FDA-approved hemostatic treatments that can effectively stanch blood loss at the point of care before professional medical care. A silicone-based bandage system (SilFoam), a non-compressible, self-expanding, antibacterial hemostatic treatment, is reported here. Its two-component system reacts in situ upon mixing to form a stretchable sponge that acts as a 'tamponade' by expanding within seconds with the evolution of oxygen gas from the interaction of the reactive components present in the formulation. This generates autogenous pressure on the wound that can effectively arrest heavy bleeding within minutes. Possessing optimal adhesive properties, the expanded sponge can be easily removed, rendering it optimal for hemostatic wound dressing. With recent advances in biotechnological research, there is a growing awareness of the potential issues associated with in vivo trials, spanning ethical, psychological, economic, and physiological concerns like burnout and fatigue. Bearing this in mind, a unique manikin system simulating a deep abdominal wound has been employed to investigate SilFoam's hemostatic efficacy with different blood-flow rates using a non-invasive model that aims to provide an easy, fast, and economical route to test hemostatic treatments before in vivo studies. This is the first time an Ag2O-based oxygen-induced foaming system has been reported as a hemostatic agent.

Xerostomia: Current Advancements and Insights in Biomedical and Biotechnology Research

Xerostomia, commonly referred to as dry mouth, is a medical condition where the flow of saliva in the mouth is reduced or completely absent. Xerostomia is not categorized as a particular disease entity but is a symptom associated with decreased or lack of salivary secretion. Its effects on oral health and overall well-being can be significant and it can be caused by various factors such as medication use, radiation therapy, surgery, salivary gland problems, and other underlying medical conditions. A health-care professional typically diagnoses xerostomia by evaluating a patient’s symptoms and conducting a physical clinical exam. The patient’s medical and medication history may also be reviewed to identify any potential underlying causes. Decreased salivary secretion can make chewing, breaking up the food and the formation of a food bolus difficult, which increases the risk of incorrect swallowing as well as altered taste and can contribute to the experience of dysphagia. It is crucial for individuals experiencing xerostomia to seek medical attention from a health-care professional to determine the underlying cause and develop a suitable management plan. Xerostomia represents a serious problem with medical and dental implications. The search for related articles was conducted through databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. This comprehensive review article offers the latest insights into the origins, diagnosis, and treatment of xerostomia, with a particular focus on prevention. In addition, it recognizes the significant impact of innovative approaches in addressing xerostomia and highlights their valuable contribution to its management.

Research and Recent Achievements in Agriculture and Biotechnology with Innovative Technologies Application

This paper brings together researchers, scientists and industry experts to present the latest achievements in the dynamically developing fields of agriculture and biotechnology. Special attention was paid to interdisciplinary cooperation, advanced technologies and data-based solutions aimed at solving problems of food security, environmental sustainability and agricultural efficiency. Key topics included precision farming, gene editing, advanced breeding techniques, and the transformative role of big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning in optimizing agricultural processes. In light of this, to address numerous challenges in agricultural culture, I have proposed and developed the idea of creating a game. The game “World of Agricultural Culture” will present users with a bright HD graphic design and exciting gameplay. The professional version of the simulator is focused on business management and development in the agricultural industry.This is an additional way to improve the infrastructure of the Russian Federation, despite the presence of international sanctions. Thus, the competitiveness and attractiveness of the state increases, contributing to the stable development of Russian agriculture and the elimination of negative risks in the foreign economic sphere of the agricultural sector. In the course of the conducted research, a high level of efficiency improvement in the agro-industrial sector of the economy was noted.

Digital Holography Based Three-Dimensional Multi-Target Locating for Automated Cell Micromanipulation

Microrobotic contact manipulation enables automated and precise cell capture, positioning and screening and has potential in biomedical engineering and disease detection. However, when using an optical microscope for visual positioning of targets, the poor clarity, limited cell-background contrast and lack of global 3D information of the cells in the field of view hinder global strategy making and automation, thereby affecting the accuracy and efficiency of manipulation. Here, we propose the 3D locating of multiple biological targets based on digital holography. Global–local combined visual feedback is developed for overall spatial locating and partial locating in a liquid-phase bright-field environment. By applying a filtering-based planar locating algorithm and maximum-area-based depth detection algorithm, the 3D global distribution of micro-targets in the field of view is periodically updated with a high detection rate. By applying a planar locating algorithm based on a convolutional neural network and a depth detection algorithm based on a gradient descent, the 3D fast locating of targets is performed precisely. Experiments show that the detection rate of the global positioning is 95.1%, the mean average precision of the local planar positioning is 90.53%, and the deviation of the local depth positioning is 1.22 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math> </inline-formula> m. When capturing cells, this method reaches an average speed of 7.4 cells/min and a collection rate of 90.5%. We anticipate that our method will support the research in cell-based bioengineering including cell screening and early disease diagnosis. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Note to Practitioners</i> —Automated cell manipulation is one of the most significant techniques in cell-based biomedical applications. This paper introduces a three-dimensional multi-target visual positioning method for automated cell manipulation. Combining with holographic imaging technique, the global information for the cells in the limited field of view is provided with improved imaging clarity and extended depth of field. The visual recognition algorithm can screen and extract the rare cells in the cell population, which will support the research in the field of early disease diagnosis and biomedicine. The research outcome provides an effective and precise solution to achieve biological targets positioning, capture, and screening within 3D liquid-phase bright-field environment.

Effect of expansion of Shine-Dalgarno sequence for expression of malate- and aldehyde-dehydrogenase genes from Deinococcus geothermalis in Escherichia coli

The thermostability of thermophilic enzymes makes them ideal for use in biotechnology and medical science research. The overexpression of heterogeneous genes from thermophiles, such as the mesophilic Deinococcus geothermalis, in Escherichia coli is a genetic engineering technique for producing stable and useful proteins. In our previous study, 1- or 2-base expansion of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, which is a ribosome-binding site in mRNA, was effective for the overexpression of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase gene from Deinococcus. geothermalis in Escherichia coli. In the present study, we examined the effect of expanding the Shine-Dalgarno sequence of the malate dehydrogenase gene and three genes from the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. Our results revealed that a 1- or 2-base expansion of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence was effective for the overexpression of all genes from Deinococcus geothermalis in Escherichia coli. However, the effects of the expansion of Shine-Dalgarno sequence from 3 to 5 bases were different between these genes.

Enhanced Expression and Bioactivity Assessment of Recombinant SUMO‐Protease‐1 in E. coli BL21 (DE3) via Cleavage of His6‐SMT3‐SDF‐1 Fusion Protein

Background. The SUMO fusion system is advantageous in improving the solubility and correct folding of proteins that are difficult to produce. SUMO‐protease‐1 (Ulp1) is a key enzyme in this system, and its proper expression and purification in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) are critical to its efficiency. Objective. To optimize Ulp1 expression and purification using His6‐SUMO‐SDF‐1 as a model, aiming to improve efficiency across similar fusion proteins. Methods. We provided a codon‐optimized Ulp1 gene into the pET28a vector. Essential culture factors, including IPTG concentration, incubation length of time, and temperature, were precisely adjusted. Ulp1 was purified using Ni‐NTA affinity chromatography. A cleavage activity assay of recombinant Ulp1 is carried out using the His6‐SUMO‐SDF‐1 fusion protein to demonstrate how well the optimized settings work. Furthermore, the activity of recombinant SDF‐1 was evaluated using the scratch wound healing assay. Results. Ulp1 expression was optimized in E. coli using the pET28a vector, with optimum conditions including 0.1 mM IPTG, 28°C incubation temperature, and an overnight period of time. Recombinant Ulp1 was purified using Ni‐NTA affinity chromatography, resulting in high purity. Enzymatic activity was shown by the effective cleavage of the His6‐SUMO‐SDF‐1 fusion protein. In the scratch wound‐healing assay, recombinant SDF‐1 increased cell migration following cleavage, confirming that biological activity was retained. These findings illustrate Ulp1’s efficient synthesis and effectiveness for prospective applications in biology. Conclusion. This study successfully showed the expression and purification of the recombinant Ulp1 enzyme, showing the most suitable growing conditions for productive protein production. Ulp1’s functionality was validated by its specific cleavage of the His6‐SUMO‐SDF‐1 fusion protein, as well as the fragmented SDF‐1 purified and its biological activity in promoting cell migration. These findings highlight Ulp1’s potential in protein processing as well as its application in biotechnological and biological research.

THE ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRUSES IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS

&#x0D; It is widely acknowledged that viruses are essential elements of the aquatic Environment, contributing significantly to various ecological processes and altering the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems. The variety of viruses in aquatic habitats, including freshwater and marine ecosystems, is enormous. Numerous different types of organisms, such as bacteria, algae, protozoa, and even multicellular organisms, are susceptible to these viral interactions, and these organisms have a significant impact on the design and operation of aquatic ecosystems. In aquatic ecosystems, viral-mediated mortality facilitates the recycling of nutrients and energy by influencing the composition of microbial populations. Additionally, viruses participate in genetic transfer procedures and are essential for horizontal gene transfer. They also serve as genetic material carriers, allowing the transfer of genes between various organisms. This phenomenon affects the ecological balance in the aquatic Environment and the evolution and adaption of microbial communities. Viruses can be used as instruments to investigate microbial ecology, comprehend host-virus interactions, and create fresh antiviral tactics. Viruses are essential to the health and stability of aquatic environments. Aquatic viruses have attracted attention because of their potential utility in various sectors, including biotechnology and medical research; they are essential elements of the aquatic environment due to their capacity to control microbial populations, reduce toxic algal blooms, and offer insights into microbial ecology. Our comprehension of these complex interactions and their larger implications for environmental health and management will be improved by additional study and investigation of viral dynamics and interactions within aquatic ecosystems. This review attempts to present an overview of the significance of viruses in aquatic ecosystems by highlighting their variety of roles and interactions.

Nanomedicine, Bioengineering and Biomaterials Research for Everyone

Nanomedicine, Bioengineering and Biomaterials Research for Everyone

Current Trends of Artificial Intelligence in Biotechnology

Artificial intelligence (AI) is already widely used in biotechnology to solve a variety of problems. These include, for example, drug discovery, drug safety, functional and structural proteomics/genomics, metabolomics, pharmacology, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics, among many others. Future advances in this domain depend critically on the ability of biotechnology researchers to use advanced AI solutions effectively. The biotechnology industry currently relies heavily on data storage, filtering, analysis and sharing. Biotechnology companies and various healthcare organizations around the world already maintain huge data bases. Drug manufacturing, chemical analysis of various compounds, sequencing of RNA and DNA, enzyme studies, and other similar biological processes all require strong support from AI software solution to move faster and reduce manual errors. It is important to emphasize at the very beginning that all the successful AI we are describing today relies entirely on digital technology to function. Digitalization is therefore the very first step towards any AI application. In many cases, AI systems are integrated with other digital technologies such as sensors, actors (cyber-physical systems (CPS), often just called robots), and technology to enable the automation of tasks and the collection and analysis of data. Overall, the development and use of AI is dependent on digital technology - the basis for it is digital computers. Digital transformation refers to the use of digital technologies to fundamentally change the way companies, organizations, research institutions and universities operate. In the context of biotechnology, digital transformation can involve the introduction of new technologies and processes to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and speed of research and development and enable the development of entirely new and disruptive products and services. Digital transformation can help accelerate the development and use of AI in biotechnology by providing access to big data and automating certain tasks, which can help improve the efficiency and accuracy of research and development. In this Editorial, it has been clearly stated what exactly AI means, concomitant with explaining the specific differences between AI, machine learning, and deep learning to provide a worthy common understanding. Afterwards, there is successful introduction of significant domains of biotechnology where AI is being applied or may be applicable in the future. Thereafter, this editorial presents certain cross-cutting challenges where it is predominantly significant to advance future studies

Organizational change of synthetic biology research: Emerging initiatives advancing a bottom-up approach

Bottom-up Synthetic Biology (buSynBio) is an approach focused on the artificial making of minimal functional biosynthetic systems by recombining existent biochemical modules or manufacturing them from scratch. Over the last decade, this emerging orientation has gained new momentum with the development of new bioengineering tools, theories, and technologies. Despite the growing acceptance of buSynBio, few studies have dedicated attention to the analysis of its organizational aspects. This article offers the first systematic investigation of emerging research initiatives in buSynBio and their meaning to bioengineering research. Our analysis is based on a multi-method qualitative study, including expert literature review, bibliometric research and a documentary analysis of online materials such as reports and project descriptions available in official grant data repositories. Our study found that publications of specialized articles on “bottom-up synthetic biology” have increased, both in absolute numbers and normalized to total number of publications. We show how that might be enabled by novel mechanisms of organization that reposition material, intellectual and political resources in synthetic biology. Drawing on theoretical analyses within Science and Technology Studies (STS), we examine 14 research initiatives in 5 selected countries (Germany, United Kingdom, United States, Netherlands, and Switzerland). The bottom-up approach is supported by a variety of “tentative regimes” of scientific governance in different stages of consolidation, but holding in common the establishment of novel basic research in Chemistry, Biology, Engineering and Physics. The study aims to contribute to social science research in synthetic biology by shedding light on the implications of buSynBio as trend driving the current organizational change of bioengineering research.

AN OVERVIEW OF TISSUE CRYOPRESERVATION'S CONTRIBUTION TO ORGAN CRYOBIOLOGY

Background: Scientists and physicians have long faced challenges in their quest to identify the most effective methods for cryopreservation of living tissues and organs. While cryopreservation techniques have been used since the 1800s, they are still used for tissue preservation for a comparatively limited time. More advancements in biotechnology for tissue and organ preservation have been made possible by the availability of commercially available liquefied gases. Typical issues such as sub-zero or cell damage and re-crystallization, which ultimately results in tissue loss, impede the usefulness of cryopreservation in the field of medical sciences. However, modern cryobiology advances have provided many alternatives for chilling tissues, organs, gametes, and embryos. As tissue sensitivity to ice is more understood, safer freezing methods are used. Methods: This review discusses how tissue cryopreservation advances biotechnology. The effective banking and transplanting of living tissues and organs using cryopreservation will be a crucial and noteworthy development in the fields of biotechnology and medicine in the future. One of the most crucial elements that will enable future cryobiologists and biotechnology researchers to make enormous strides is the preservation and storage of living tissues from the point of donor removal through transfer and transplantation. Future cryobiologists will find this ancient tale fascinating as it unfolds, thanks to the discovery of anti-freezing proteins and peptides in cryopreservation's active zones.

Potency of Some Savanna Herbaceous Weeds in the Production of Bioethanol Using Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The uncertainty of the fossil fuel and global climate changes has invariably led to renewable energy demand. Thus, necessitating increasing biotechnological research efforts. Accordingly, the current work was designed to investigate the potency of some savanna herbaceous weeds in the production of bioethanol using Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The biodiversity study and the proximate analysis of weed samples growing on Bayero University Kano old Campus, Nigeria were carried out. The substrates were pretreated with 2% of 0.233M sulfuric acid solution and hydrolysed using Aspergillus niger. The reducing sugars were estimated using the dinitrosalicylic acid method. Fermentation was carried out using local strains of Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from fermented Zobo drink and palm wine under anaerobic conditions. The absorbance of the produced bioethanol was measured and compared with the known standard ethanol curve using Techme I Uv-vis spectrophotometry at 600nm. The dominant weeds include; Cynodon dactylon (30%), Heteropogon contortus (20%) and panicum virgatum (13.45%). The carbohydrate contents as hemicellulose ranged from (35.44 - 27.68%), cellulose (39.80 - 29.20%) and lignin contents (4.32 - 2.14%). The reducing sugar ranged from (24.67±0.01 - 94.79±0.01 mg/g) in all the substrates used. Maximum bioethanol yield was obtained with Cynodon dactylon (48.09±0.07ml/g) in fermentation with a cocktail of the microorganisms whereas, the minimum yield was observed with Heteropogon contortus (15.08±0.01 mL/g). Zymomonas mobilis had the maximum bioethanol yield (29.20±0.01ml/g) than Saccharomyces cerevisiae with (20.10±0.01 mL/g) bioethanol (p&gt;0.05). The findings reveal the lignocellulosic weeds used in this study are good substrates which can be exploited in bioethanol production.

Future Trends in CAR-T Cellular Immunotherapy and the Pros and Cons in Cancer Treatment

In recent years, the basic research of tumor immunology and the research of biotechnology have made rapid progress, which provides a profound knowledge base and technical reserve for the research and development of tumor immune drugs. The move helped make the topic of tumor cell immunotherapy a household word. As of May 2019, there were a total of 1011 cell therapies in the world, of which 568 CAR⁃T therapies, accounting for 56.2%, especially CAR⁃T cells for the treatment of blood tumors, which has achieved world-renowned efficacy. However, in the treatment of solid tumors, CAR⁃T cells have not yet shown extremely accurate inhibition of solid tumors due to the presence of immunosuppressive microenvironment, most of the features (signals) of abnormal antigens are expressed in normal tissues, and other complex factors. At present, domestic and foreign research on CAR⁃T cell therapy of solid tumor has been carried out in various directions and made some progress.

Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations of Hypogonadism

Hypogonadism is a condition where the function of the gonad glands decreases, resulting in a decrease in hormone levels due to the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis. Hypogonadism occurs in approximately 2.1% – 12.8% of the middle-aged to older male population. This article was written to find out more about explaining the pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of hypogonadism. The method used is literature reflection combined with related search sources from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Google Scholar, and Research Gate. The results of a literature review of articles carried out can conclude that hypogonadism often causes symptoms of delayed puberty, loss of libido, erectile dysfunction, loss of muscle mass, and depression. Hypogonadism is also classified based on the reason into primary and secondary hypogonadism. Primary hypogonadism occurs due to gonadal dysfunction, while secondary hypogonadism occurs due to dysfunction of the hypothalamus and/or pituitary gland.

Bacopa monnieri Extract As a Neuroprotective and Cognitive Enhancement Agent

Review Bacopa monnieri Extract As a Neuroprotective and Cognitive Enhancement Agent Bevin J. Nishanth 1, Princy Vijayababu 2, * , and Noble K. Kurian 3 1 Department of Biotechnology, Loyola CollegeChennai600034India 2 The Institute of Biotechnological Research, Rajkot 360004, GujaratIndia 3 School of Life Sciences, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600048India * Correspondence: princyvijayababu@gmail.com Received: 14 July 2023 Accepted: 8 August 2023 Published: 27 December 2023 Abstract: Traditional Indian medicine uses the neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects of the spice, Bacopa monnieri, commonly known as Brahmi. This paper provides an overview of the potential neuropharmacological benefits and therapeutic applications of Bacopa monnieri. Bacopa monnieri has therapeutic value due to the inclusion of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics. Bacoside A, a triterpenoid saponin of the Dammarane family, has been studied most because of its potential to improve memory and cognitive function. Specific brain regions that are affected by bacoside A experience an increase in protein and RNA production, oxidative stress protection, improved cerebral blood flow, and enhanced synaptic activity. By boosting antioxidant defense mechanisms, lowering oxidative stress, and altering neurotransmitter levels, Bacopa monnieri demonstrates neuroprotective effects. By blocking the activity of acetylcholinesterase, lowering the production of β-amyloid plaques, and modifying neurotransmitter levels, it has demonstrated potential for treating neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. As a natural neuroprotective and cognitive-improving agent, Bacopa monnieri is generally found to be promising. To completely comprehend its mechanisms of action and assess its long-term toxicity, more studies are necessary. Further research is needed to determine whether Bacopa monnieri can be used as a possible treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.

Plasmonic Based Fibre Optic Sensors as an in-Situ Battery Diagnostic Technique

Plasmonic based fibre optic sensing is a technique that enables measurements of the refractive index of an analyte via a metal coated fibre optic sensor. Fibre optics are well suited to take measurements from difficult to access or remote locations, and the technique of plasmonic based sensing has been used widely in biotechnology research. In this research we demonstrate the use of the plasmonic sensing technology as a diagnostics tool in lithium-ion batteries, a novel use of this sensing technology.Plasmonic based fibre optic sensors are placed inside li-ion pouch cells, allowing access to information from directly inside the system. Our research has shown multiple promising features, including a correlation of the optical signal with cell charge and discharge, detection of cell events such as phase transitions, and crucially that the presence of the sensor has negligible impact on the cell performance. This opens up the possibility of a new battery diagnostic technique, with the potential to aid cell research and characterisation, battery usage optimisation and early detection of cell failure modes such as lithium plating. Figure 1

Introducing of high rich lysine, arginine, and unsaturated fatty acids microalga as a food supplement.

Microalgae are powerful source for nutritionally valuable components as proteins, carbohydrates and especially unsaturated fatty acids. Microalgae may be employed in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, health industries, and biofuels. In this study for looking at high-level unsaturated fatty acids species, from 31 strains, by comparing growth curves, the best strain with a high growth rate and lipid content was selected by red Nile staining. It was determined by molecular identification that this strain belongs to the genus Chlorella sp. and is deposited into the Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran Culture collection with culture collection number ABRIICC 30,041. Biomass analysis after growth optimization by response surface methodology showed that the selected strain had a specific growth rate of 0.216 ± 0.008 d-1, biomass productivity of 142.58 ± 4.41mg/Ld, and lipid content of 13.9 ± 0.26% with a high level of unsaturated fatty acids of 53.15%. It also included 51.3 ± 0.53% protein with a very high quality essential amino acids of 40.36%, the most lysine (8.77%) and arginine (13.31%) has been reported until now, and 26.9 ± 0.23% carbohydrates in photoautotroph condition. By MTT assay, there is no effect of cytotoxicity. This research introduces a potent native strain comparable with commercial strains that can be a hopeful source for food supplements and valuable bioactive ingredients in functional foods.

7 Tesla Brain MRI: A Paradigm Shifting Technology for Clinical Research in Aging and Dementia Science

AbstractBackgroundAs the usage of MRI for biomedical research increases, an ongoing goal for extending the usefulness of MRIs has been the increase of the magnet’s field strength to 3T, 7T, and beyond. The 7T field strength has recently been given FDA‐approval for clinical use, due to recognition of its safety and ability to characterize “smaller structures and subtle pathologies” 1 when compared to 3T (Fig. 1.)Technological developments at the 7 Tesla Bioengineering Research Program (7TBRP) at University of Pittsburgh is currently enabling neuroimaging translational research for 35 active 7T‐based NIH research projects with projected ∼ 7000 7T scan sessions that focus on studying aging, AD, COVID‐19 among several other neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWe have developed a new (Fig. 2 and 3) device (Version 2 of Tic Tac Toe radiofrequency (RF) coil system) composed of 60 transmit channels – first of a kind ‐ and 32 receive channels. The coil has been deployed to Pittsburgh’s Imaging Community and is currently being used in a wide variety of NIH‐funded studies.ResultsCompared to other commercially available coils, this new RF coil system provides more homogeneous excitation, signal/contrast to noise ratio, and extended coverage of hard‐to‐reach regions at 7T (brain stem/temporal lobes/cerebellum.) Furthermore, the new RF coil system is also an anti‐claustrophobia solution at 7T as it provides a face opening in the front of the head resulting in more comfortable breathing, less claustrophobia, and a better overall 7T MRI experience for the participants.ConclusionAmong several other neurodegenerative diseases, advances in 7T MRI technology have allowed us to explore the common biology underlying aging, Alzheimer disease as well as the neurological sequelae following infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 (from imaging data harmonized across 3 different 7T sites) Funding: R56AG074467, R01MH111265 and R01AG0635251. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-clears-first-7t-magnetic-resonance-imaging-device

TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND WORK ENGAGEMENT: MEDIATING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT

Introduction: Work engagement has gained significant attention over the past two decades, particularly within the evolving business environment of the 21st century. This research aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership on work engagement, with psychological empowerment as the mediating factor. Methods: This research is a quantitative study using primary data obtained through a questionnaire survey of employees in one of the Indonesian private companies active in the field of distribution of biotechnology research laboratory equipment. The measurement is done using the Likert Scale and data analysis is done with the help of the PLS-SEM tool. Results: The research findings indicate that transformational leadership positively influences work engagement, with psychological empowerment mediating the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement. These findings suggest that leaders who adopt transformational leadership styles can enhance work engagement through psychological empowerment. Conclusion and suggestion: This research provides valuable insights for organizations that want to enhance the work engagement of their employees, especially in situations of organizational restructuring. In addition, the study also emphasizes the importance of job resources in helping to create a working environment that supports high work engagement.