Research Data Research Articles

Grammatical Alliance in Malay Language: A Study of Linguistic Typology

This article is entitled Aliansi Gramatikal Na Lingua Melayu: Study of Linguistic Typology. This study of the Malay language's grammatical alliance aims to understand (1) the basic construction of clauses, (2) the construction of complex sentences, (3) the pivotal system, and (4) ultimately the definition of the grammar alliance system. This study uses the theory of language typology as the main theory proposed by Comrie. (1988). These research data are clauses and sentences. Qualitative descriptive. This approach aims to understand the existence of the overlap of different external and internal symptoms of the subject being the subject of the study. Data from the coordinative construction and subordinative construction of the Malay language typologically leads to the finding that in syntax, the Malay languages treat S equally with A, and give different treatment to P (S`=`A`≠ P). The Malay language is a group of languages that works with the S/A pivot system. A system of grammatical alliances such as this suggests that Malay is syntaxically a language of nominative-akusative type. Observing the behavior of S on the intransitive clause with the behaviour of A and P on the transitive clauses of Malay language which indicates that S is equal to A and equally equal with P, then morphologically Malay language has a tendency as a nominative-akusative language.

Peran Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Atas Kebijakan Pemutihan Pajak dan Pajak Emisi Karbon di Kabupaten Karawang

Tax whitening policies and motor vehicle carbon emission policies are one of the things that need to be considered, where the tax whitening policy must be seen as to the effectiveness of the policy and the carbon emission tax must be structured so that it can be accepted by the public. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing, analyzing and explaining the tax whitening policy and vehicle carbon emissions tax policy in Karawang Regency. This research uses a qualitative research approach with descriptive analysis methods. Research data was taken through field observations, interviews and literature studies. Based on the results and discussion, it was found that the effectiveness of the Vehicle Tax Reduction Program in Karawang, which is carried out regularly every year and socialization is carried out through various media, has succeeded in creating enthusiasm and community participation. This positive response can be seen from the increase in tax revenue and active taxpayer participation during the tax whitening period. If the vehicle carbon emissions tax policy is implemented in Karawang Regency, it has the potential to reduce pollution levels by 10%. However, taxpayers have had little response to this policy because it will increase the amount of responsibility for paying vehicle tax. The conclusion confirms that the tax whitening program is effective in achieving tax revenue objectives and stimulating community participation. The carbon emissions tax policy still needs to be thoroughly disseminated to the public so that the main objectives of the policy are conveyed well.

Междисциплинарный комплекс диагностики освоения детьми старшего дошкольного возраста образовательной программы (ФОП ДО)

<p>The article presents the results of a population study on the mental and physical development of preschool children using a standardized interdisciplinary diagnostic complex (State Registration Number 624012303596-7 dated January 23, 2024). The study involved 203 children from different regions of the Russian Federation: 100 girls (49,3%) and 103 boys (50,7%). The median age was 69 months (5 years and 9 months). There was no significant age difference between girls and boys (t(80)=1,87; p=0,07). New research data, demonstrating the results of six-year-old children based on the interdisciplinary complex of psychological and pedagogical diagnostics developed by the authors, identify the potential and risks of child development, forecast and highlight possible difficulties in mastering the educational program in accordance with the targeted benchmarks of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education and the planned outcomes of the Federal Preschool Education Program. The results obtained allow for the prediction of the success in mastering the educational program by six-year-old children in relation to the planned outcomes of the FPEP, based on the formation of certain systemic qualities of the child's personality.</p>

EFEKTIVITAS BOOKLET STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI JARINGAN TUMBUHAN TERHDAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK FASE F SMA 2 ADABIAH PADANG

Background: Booklets can be produced through development research using the 4D model which consists of define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. Utari Akhir Agusti has developed a booklet until the develop stage, so further research is needed at the disseminate stage by conducting an effectiveness test as one of the steps of the disseminate stage. Methods: This research is a quasi-experiment research with Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population of this study were all students of class XI phase F SMA Adabiah 2 Padang. The sample was taken using simple random sampling technique, so that phase F2 was selected as the experimental class and phase F5 as the control class. Research data in the form of learning outcomes of students in the cognitive domain. Data collection techniques using test techniques. The research instrument is a multiple choice test that has been valid and reliable. The data obtained were analyzed using the t test. Results: Based on the results of research on the cognitive domain shows the average value of the experimental class is higher than the control class. Data analysis using paired sample test, obtained sig value (0.000) < α value (0.05). Thus it can be concluded that the booklet of the structure and function of plant tissues effectively improves the learning outcomes of phase F students of Adabiah 2 Padang High School. Conclusion: Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the booklet of the structure and function of plant tissues effectively improves the learning outcomes of phase F students of Adabiah 2 Padang High School.

MORFOMETRIK LAMUN DI ZONA INTERTIDAL PERAIRAN PANTAI DESA ADMINISTRATIF MALAKU KECAMATAN SERAM UTARA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

Background: Seagrass is an angiosperm flowering plant that can grow well in coastal environments. Seagrass is a one seed plant that has roots, stems, rhizomes, leaves, flowers, fruit and seeds. Differences in substrate type, environmental conditions and nutrient content can influece the existence of seagrass species and their morphometric shapes.This research aims to determine the morphometric of seagrass in the intertidal zone of coastal waters of Malaku Administrative Village, North Seram Sub-district Methods: Sampling used a roaming survey method in the intertidal zone of coastal waters of Malaku Administrative Village. The research data were analyzed descriptively based on the results of species identification, observations and measurements of the segrass morphological structure. Results : The type of seagrass found in the intertidal zone of the coastal waters of the Malaku Administrative village is Cymodocea serulata, Cymodocea rotundata, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis, Thalassia hemprichii, and Syringodium isoetifolium. Morphometric forms of seagrass include : Root length ±3cm-16,5cm. Rhizome distance ±1cm–4,5cm. leaf blade length ± 2,4cm-15cm. The shape of the leaf blade is flat, oval, cylindrical, serrated at the tip of the leaf and small in length. Leaf width ±0,2cm-1cm, seagrass stand heigth ± 3-19,3cm. Conclusion: From the research results obtained, it can be concluded that the intertidal zone of the coastal wters of the malaku administrative village are 8 (eigth) types of seagrass and have morphometric structure that vary in size.

Ethical dimensions of clinical data sharing by US healthcare organizations for purposes beyond direct patient care: Interviews with healthcare leaders.

Empirically investigate current practices and analyze ethical dimensions of clinical data sharing by healthcare organizations for uses other than treatment, payment, and operations. Make recommendations to inform research and policy for healthcare organizations to protect patients' privacy and autonomy when sharing data with unrelated third parties. Semi-structured interviews and surveys involving 24 informatics leaders from 22 US healthcare organizations, accompanied by thematic and ethical analyses. We found considerable heterogeneity across organizations in policies and practices. Respondents understood "data sharing" and "research" in very different ways. Their interpretations of these terms ranged from making data available for academic and public health uses, and to HIEs; to selling data for corporate research, to contracting with aggregators for future resale or use. The nine interview themes were that healthcare organizations: (1) share clinical data with many types of organizations, (2) have a variety of motivations for sharing data, (3) do not make data sharing policies readily available, (4) have widely varying data sharing approval processes, (5) most commonly rely on HIPAA de-identification to protect privacy, (6) were concerned about clinical data use by electronic health record vendors, (7) lacked data sharing transparency to the general public, (8) allowed individual patients little control over sharing of their data, and (9) had not yet changed data sharing practices within the year following the US Supreme Court 2022 decision denying rights to abortion. Our analysis identified gaps between ethical principles and healthcare organizations' data sharing policies and practices. To better align clinical data sharing practices with patient expectations and biomedical ethical principles, we recommend: updating HIPAA, including re-identification and upstream sharing restrictions in data sharing contracts, better coordination across data sharing approval processes, fuller transparency and opt-out options for patients, and accountability for data sharing and consequent harms.

Perbandingan Konsep Integrasi Sains dan Agama Menurut Imam Prayogo dan M. Amin Abdullah

This research aims to find out the thoughts of Imam Prayogo and Amin Abdullah regarding the tree of knowledge and spider web models, to find out the differences in the thoughts of the two figures. By using data collection techniques in the form of studying and collecting data through reading materials sourced from primary books and secondary books related to the two figures discussed. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, and the type of research used is library research, namely collecting data or scientific writing aimed at the object of research or library data collection. From the research results, it was concluded that Imam Prayogo placed greater emphasis on the hierarchy and structure of knowledge rooted in revelation as the main foundation, with a focus on modernization and renewal of Islamic thought. Amin Abdullah, meanwhile, highlights the deep integration between Islamic and secular sciences in dealing with the complexities of contemporary life, placing the Qur'an and Sunnah at the center of his scientific framework.

Utilising primary care electronic health records to deliver the ALABAMA randomised controlled trial of penicillin allergy assessment

BackgroundUse of electronic health records (EHR) to provide real-world data for research is established, but using EHR to deliver randomised controlled trials (RCTs) more efficiently is less developed. The Allergy AntiBiotics And Microbial resistAnce (ALABAMA) RCT evaluated a penicillin allergy assessment pathway versus usual clinical care in a UK primary care setting. The aim of this paper is to describe how EHRs were used to facilitate efficient delivery of a large-scale randomised trial of a complex intervention embracing efficient participant identification, supporting minimising GP workload, providing accurate post-intervention EHR updates of allergy status, and facilitating participant follow up and outcome data collection. The generalisability of the EHR approach and health economic implications of EHR in clinical trials will be reported in the main ALABAMA trial cost-effectiveness analysis.MethodsA descriptive account of the adaptation of functionality within SystmOne used to deliver/facilitate multiple trial processes from participant identification to outcome data collection.ResultsAn ALABAMA organisation group within SystmOne was established which allowed sharing of trial functions/materials developed centrally by the research team. The ‘ALABAMA unit’ within SystmOne was also created and provided a secure efficient environment to access participants’ EHR data. Processes of referring consented participants, allocating them to a trial arm, and assigning specific functions to the intervention arm were developed by adapting tools such as templates, reports, and protocols which were already available in SystmOne as well as pathways to facilitate allergy de-labelling processes and data retrieval for trial outcome analysis.ConclusionsALABAMA is one of the first RCTs to utilise SystmOne EHR functionality and data across the RCT delivery, demonstrating feasibility and applicability to other primary care RCTs.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04108637, registered 05/03/2019. ISRCTN: ISRCTN20579216.

Paediatric rheumatology in Nigeria: history, challenges and the future

Pediatric rheumatology is a relatively new subspecialty in Nigeria. For many years, rheumatic disease had not been well-recognized or studied in Nigeria, so there has been a low suspicion index. The clinical presentation of most pediatric rheumatic diseases (PRDs) mimics non-rheumatic diseases making it a diagnostic challenge most of the time. The story has changed in Lagos since the creation of a pediatric rheumatology unit at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. There is now a high index of suspicion for these diseases in the hospital but no one knows about what is happening in the other 35 states of the country who do not have a pediatric rheumatologist. Major challenges being faced presently are poor awareness among healthcare workers and the community, high cost of investigations and medications, lack of pediatric rheumatologists in most hospitals in the country, lack of pediatric rheumatology training centers for both undergraduate and postgraduate training, and lack of research data. The healthcare community in Nigeria is looking forward to a future where pediatric rheumatology will be highly recognized and established.

Hubungan Kepemimpinan yang Melayani dan Kepemimpinan Karismatik Terhadap Efikasi Diri

This study aims to determine the relationship between serving leadership variables, charismatic leadership on self-efficacy. this study uses a method with a quantitative approach using sampling techniques, the sample used is 106 respondents. this research data collection technique uses a questionnaire, the test stage in this study is instrument test, model test and hypothesis testing using spss (25). the test results of the data show that the serving leadership variable with the results has a positive and insignificant effect on self-efficacy then for the charismatic leadership variable with the results has a significant positive effect on self-efficacy. Keywords: servant leadership; charismatic leadership; self-efficacy

Book Acquisition Tendencies of Secondary School Students

This study examined the tendency of students to acquire books, which is one of the concrete indicators of book reading habits. The tendency to acquire books is the first and foremost behavior of students with book reading habits. The study attempted to determine the variables that direct students' tendency to acquire books. Within the scope of the research, the role of variables such as texts in the textbook and book recommendations designed by the researchers, exams, author interviews, museum trips and interdisciplinary studies on students' tendency to acquire books was investigated. The research was prepared using the case study design, which is one of the patterns of the qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of 6th grade students at a middle school in Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. The research lasted 29 weeks. At the beginning of the study, the factors in students' acquisition of books were questioned with an unstructured interview form. 19 weeks of the research were focused on the texts in the first semester textbook. With the semi-structured interview form and individual interviews for these texts, students' tendency to acquire books, texts in the textbooks, author information, different books of the authors, and their opinions on the texts were obtained. II. In the second term, five book acquisition activities were applied to the students for 10 weeks and the opinions of the students were obtained with semi-structured interview form and individual interviews. The research data collected with the semi-structured interview form were subjected to content analysis and coded and the findings were interpreted. SWOT analysis was conducted by revealing the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of each activity from the opinions received. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the texts in the textbooks did not direct the students to the source book. As a result of the activities carried out in the second term, it was seen that the students acquired a book mostly with the warning that there would be an exam, and 88% of the students acquired a book after the author interview and interdisciplinary study activities. It was suggested that teachers invite authors to their schools or recommend the same book by collaborating with teachers in different branches in order to influence their students' tendency to acquire books.

Sparse-group boosting: Unbiased group and variable selection

For grouped covariates, we propose a framework for boosting that allows for sparsity within and between groups. By using component-wise and group-wise gradient ridge boosting simultaneously with adjusted degrees of freedom or penalty parameters, a model with similar properties as the sparse-group lasso can be fitted through boosting. We show that within-group and between-group sparsity can be controlled by a mixing parameter, and discuss similarities and differences to the mixing parameter in the sparse-group lasso. Furthermore, we show under which conditions variable selection on a group or individual variable basis happens and provide selection bounds for the regularization parameters depending solely on the singular values of the design matrix in a boosting iteration of linear Ridge penalized boosting. In special cases, we characterize the selection chance of an individual variable vs. a group of variables through a generalized beta prime distribution. With simulations as well as two real datasets from ecological and organizational research data, we show the effectiveness and predictive competitiveness of this novel estimator. The results suggest that in the presence of grouped variables, sparse-group boosting is associated with less biased variable selection and higher predictability compared to component-wise or group-component-wise boosting.

Propagation pathways from meteorological to agricultural drought in different climatic basins in iran.

The propagation of meteorological drought (MD) to agricultural drought (AD) is influenced by various factors, particularly the climate type. This research examined the characteristics of drought propagation, encompassing propagation rates, lag time, and response time, from MD to AD within the context of Iran's diverse climate conditions. This was accomplished using three crucial meteorological and agricultural drought indices, namely the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and Standardized Soil Moisture Index. The research data included in-situ and ERA5 datasets from 30 basins (catchments) across Iran in the 1979-2021 period. Based on reports from the Global Drought Observatory, the three most prominent MD events were identified in 1999-2002, 2008-2009, and 2017-2019. The correlation coefficients between MD and AD indices across various timescales, in climates ranging from hyper-arid to humid, exhibited a decline from 0.75 to 0.44. The response time, varying between 2.42 to 6.63months, was determined by the strong correlation between SPI (or SPEI) and SSI1 (or SSI2) within the studied basins. Furthermore, the lag time, which was affected by the onset of MD and AD events, fluctuated between 2 to 6months in hyper-arid and arid basins, revealing a 1-3month variation compared to humid basins. The findings on propagation rates highlighted heightened sensitivity or response from meteorological to agricultural drought in humid climates, as opposed to hyper-arid climates. In light of these outcomes, comprehending the transition from MD to AD holds substantial significance for predicting, issuing early warnings, and fortifying preparedness in managing drought risks.

Anthropogenic effects and ecosystem services of tropical highland forests in Ethiopia

Despite the significant direct and indirect benefits that forests, particularly tropical highland forests, provide to local communities, they are facing severe degradation primarily due to population growth and rapid land-use changes. This has made it difficult for policymakers to effectively manage these forests due to a lack of comprehensive current forest research data. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to examine the anthropogenic impacts on forest ecosystems and the ecosystem services (11ecosystem services,ESs) they provide, as well as to understand local perspectives on management of natural forests. For collecting disturbance indicators and other environmental data, 12 transect lines by 150 meter interval between each of the two consecutive parallel transects and 40 quadrats (20 m x 20 m size each) by 100 m interval were laid out in 145 ha total forest land size of the five study sites of three districts. However, for questionnaire-based data, 266 respondents were participated. As revealed in the results, the majority of households (about 78 %) relied on mixed farming and had ≤ 1 ha of land with 5.6 average family size. Besides, 74.3 % of the households used forest products for cooking food and getting energy to their homes due to little or no electricity, or other energy sources in rural communities. Nearly 85 % of the households also obtained timber from natural forests. Tree cutting, grazing, cultivation, and fires were the major anthropogenic factors leading to deforestation and loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity of the studied forest ecosystems. Disturbance assessment indicated that almost all forest patches, excluding one in the eastern subregion of the study area, were severely impacted. This suggests a widespread degradation of Ethiopia's forests. However, various ESs, mainly regulating and habitat services, followed by provisioning ones, were delivered from these sites. Hence, soil erosion controlling, flood protecting, and soil fertility regulating services were some of the most services provided by the forests. Likewise, being shelter and nursery sites for biota were the other most important habitat service. The raw materials including grass for fodder, medicinal plants, timber, fuel wood, and water for livestock watering and domestic uses were the major provisioning services provided. Thus, more than 93 % of the households had a great interest for the protection and continuity of the present forest patches in the future. Briefly, despite being heavily degraded due to anthropogenic factors, these natural forests still provided various ecological, social, and economic services to the local people; thereby the people were interested in protecting and conserving them. Thus, for restoring degraded forest areas of the zone, community-based participatory conservation strategies were recommended.

THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS ON CARBON EMISSION DISCLOSURE: DOES GREEN PERFORMANCE MATTER?

Carbon emissions disclosure has attracted researchers' attention. This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the influence of more comprehensive corporate governance mechanisms on carbon emission disclosure based on legitimacy and stakeholder theories. This study introduces virtue ethics theory, a new theory in carbon emission research, to explain the moderating role of green performance. Observational data includes 455 data from a sample of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The research data was processed using multiple linear regression methods and moderated regression analysis. The study's results prove that the size of the board of commissioners, the independence of the board of commissioners, the sustainability committee, and institutional ownership positively affect carbon emission disclosure. The green performance also revealed can strengthen the influence of board of commissioners diversity on carbon emission disclosure. Corporate governance is needed to encourage companies to disclose their carbon emissions.

A review of research on computer‐aided translation technologies and their applications to assist learning and instruction

AbstractBackgroundOur study analysed 46 articles on computer‐aided translation (CAT) and its educational uses. We explored two main areas: CAT technologies in learning and teaching, and the research methodologies of these studies.ObjectivesOur review covered the types of CAT technologies used, their applications in different learning settings, theoretical backgrounds and their pros and cons. We also looked at the research designs, participant demographics and data collection methods used in these studies.MethodsWe conducted an extensive search across academic databases using relevant keywords and employed open coding to analyse and categorize the content of identified articles, focusing on aspects related to CAT technologies in educational contexts.Results and ConclusionsOur findings showed the use of 22 distinct CAT technologies, with Google Translate being the most common. The studies mostly used empirical research methods and questionnaires. University students were the primary participants. CAT technologies were applied in various contexts, including language learning, translation teaching, cross‐cultural learning and foreign language lectures. We identified five key theoretical foundations for CAT use. Benefits included bridging language barriers, vocabulary enhancement, and grammar improvement as well as providing reference and feedback for writing and translation. Challenges included inaccuracies and inappropriate translations. However, most studies showed a positive impact of CAT on learning outcomes. Based on our analysis, we offer recommendations for educators and researchers in the field. This review provides a thorough understanding of CAT's applications and effects in education, guiding future advancements in this area.

Engaging Environmental Education Through PISA: Leveraging Curriculum as a Political Process

Abstract The Organisation for Economic and Cultural Development (OECD) works with countries worldwide to implement testing in the areas of science, mathematics and reading through the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) every three years, and this process is recognised to influence education systems through areas such as curriculum. Over the past decade, the OECD increasingly has acknowledged the need to include a greater emphasis on environmental issues, including developing student competencies specifically in this area. For the 2025 PISA round, we were invited as environmental science education experts to contribute to the Science Framework, which underpins the science assessment. This paper explains how we responded to that invitation, including foregrounding the urgent need to understand the competencies of 15 year-olds to address critical socio-ecological challenges such as climate change. We argue that this provides environmental education practitioners and scholars with a powerful opportunity to gain world-scale data for research and advocacy, which could enhance the visibility and leverage for our field in curriculum, whilst also recognising the political process within which we were engaged.

RETRACTION: High-Resolution Imaging of Human Viruses in Liquid Droplets.

G. M. Jonaid, W. J. Dearnaley, M. A. Casasanta, L. Kaylor, S. Berry, M. J. Dukes, M. S. Spilman, J. L. Gray and D. F. Kelly, "High-Resolution Imaging of Human Viruses in Liquid Droplets," Advanced Materials 33, no. 37 (2021): 2103221, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202103221. The above article, published online on 24 July 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the author, M. S. Spilman; the journal Editors-in-Chief, Irem Bayindir-Buchhalter and Esther Levy; and Wiley-VCH GmbH. The retraction has been agreed upon following a thorough peer review process conducted by the author's institution, Penn State University. The peer review determined that there is no significant correlation between the EM map and the model at any resolution. Furthermore, the validation curves and the published curves significantly misrepresent the fit of models to EM maps. The authors didnot provide their original research data, EM maps, and models included in the study, to justify their findings. As a result, the institution recommends the article be retracted. The editors of the journal agree with these findings as they are supported by their own independent investigation. The author, D.F. Kelly, disagrees with the retraction; G.M. Jonaid agrees with the retraction; the other authors were unavailable for comment.

Teks Taru Premana Sebagai Simbolisasi Ekuilibrium Manusia Hindu Dengan Alam Semesta Bali

A holistic understanding of the side effects of chemical drugs, stimulating this era's humans to engage in contemplative movements, using ancient literature to maintain sanitation, physical health and mental health. Taru Premana is the philanthropic mission of Mpu Kuturan to create Hindu people as well as a healthy Bali environment. So, to realize the human mission, humanistic practice begins, to find a variety of herbal medicines. The research aims to analyze the Lontar Taru Premana, by looking for a link between health practices and the stimulation of subjects in the preservation of the environment. The research uses a qualitative approach or specifically applies textual studies to undermine searches and reconstructive efforts in understanding the texts of the art of traditional medicine of Bali. The technique of collecting Taru Premana manuscripts as a source of research data is obtained from the process of accumulating ancient writings dealing with traditional medicine. Further, it is analyzed using literary studies as well as philological studies. The compendium on traditional health science taught in Taru Premana is explained specifically in the processing techniques of traditional ingredients, their manufacturing processes and their application, such as bearing, spraying, patching and fixing. The Taru Premana manuscript has an interpretation in other aspects, namely as a symbolization of the internalization of the values of social-religious life. This lontar is an argument for the harmonization of man with his environment, and gives the scheme that man is not a determining entity, but an individual and a cosmic entity forming a typology of dependency. Taru Premana as a means of balancing the existence of humans and the environment (praja dan kamadhuk). In other words, man without the presence of nature is meaningless, because the process of life becomes stopped because of the nullity of the supporting life. Lontar Taru Premana plays an important role in the spiritual, social and ecological reality of the Bali Hindu community, as it applies traditional techniques and ecologic balance.

Comparison of spinal anesthesia and local anesthesia in percutaneous interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy for L5/S1 disc herniation: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundInterlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy (IELD) is a prevalent method for managing lumbar disc herniation. Local anesthesia (LA) is frequently employed during IELD, albeit with its merits and drawbacks. The spinal anesthesia (SA) represents a feasible anesthetic strategy for IELD; however, the availability of clinical research data is currently limited.MethodsThe propensity score matching was conducted to ensure the comparability of the SA and LA groups. The outcome measures were operation time, intraoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, need for adjuvant analgesia, intraoperative vital signs, blood loss, adverse surgical events, anesthesia-related complications, postoperative bed rest duration, VAS for pain at 2 h postoperatively, Oswestry Disability Index score (ODI), satisfaction with surgical efficacy, and willingness to undergo reoperation at 6 months postoperatively.ResultsFifty-six patients were assigned to each group. Significant differences were found between the groups regarding intraoperative VAS for pain, use of adjuvant analgesics, willingness to undergo reoperation, maximum intraoperative systolic blood pressure, and variability (P < 0.05). Compared to the LA group, the SA group had lower VAS for pain at 2 h postoperatively, a longer operation time, a longer duration of postoperative bedrest, and more anesthesia-related complications (P < 0.05). No significant intergroup differences were detected in intraoperative heart rate variability, blood loss, ODI, satisfaction with surgical efficacy, and surgery-related complications (P > 0.05).ConclusionSA as an alternative anesthesia for IELD surgery holds great promise, exhibiting superior efficacy compared to LA. However, it is crucial to meticulously evaluate the indications due to potential risks associated with this form of anesthesia.