Research Appointment Research Articles

United Kingdom oral and maxillofacial surgeons support changes to current specialty recruitment process, which could include ‘Walport’ style local selection and national benchmarking

Recruitment to oral and maxillofacial Surgical (OMFS) specialty training was centralised in 2010. The ‘flexibility’ for OMFS to respond to specialty specific recruitment issues is reducing and many Specialty Trainees’ (ST) posts are left unfilled. The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) appointment process designed to address the problem of recruiting and appointing academic surgeons with local selection with national benchmarking has worked. Using a database of all UK OMFS consultants/trainees, an electronic questionnaire was shared by e-mail, WhatsApp, and other social media. Of 306 replies, 125 (41%) were Consultants/post-certificate of completion training (CCT) individuals, 66 (22%) ST, 61 (20%) second degree students, 27 (9%) pre-second degree, 26 (9%) dual degree pre-ST trainees, and one did not indicate their status. A total of 249 (76%) studied dentistry first and 230 (75%) were male. Of those replying, 147 (48%) had no direct experience of national selection. 120 (39%) had experience as a candidate, 20 (7%) as a selector only, 17 (6%) as a candidate and selector, and two did not record their experience. Of 250 expressing an opinion, 156 (62%) supported local selection with 140 (56%) supporting local selection and national benchmarking, which is a process used for research training posts by the NIHR. Geographical continuity was most important for 78% of pre-second-degree trainees, 45% of STs, and 54% of second-degree students. A total of 57 respondents completed free text comments. There is support for changes in OMFS ST selection including creating OMFS posts which include Foundation and second-degree training in NIHR style locally recruited nationally benchmarked posts.

Palladium (II)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation with Bifunctional Ligands: From Curiosity to Industrialization

AbstractIn 2001, our curiosity to understand the stereochemistry of C−H metalation with Pd prompted our first studies in Pd(II)‐catalyzed asymmetric C−H activation (RSC Research appointment: 020 7451 2545, Grant: RG 36873, Dec. 2002). We identified four central challenges: 1. poor reactivity of simple Pd salts with native substrates; 2. few strategies to control site selectivity for remote C−H bonds; 3. the lack of chiral catalysts to achieve enantioselectivity via asymmetric C−H metalation, and 4. low practicality due to limited coupling partner scope and the use of specialized oxidants. These challenges necessitated new strategies in catalyst and reaction development. For reactivity, we developed approaches to enhance substrate–catalyst affinity together with novel bifunctional ligands which participate in and accelerate the C−H cleavage step. For site‐selectivity, we introduced the concept of systematically modulating the distance and geometry between a directing template, catalyst, and substrate to selectively access remote C−H bonds. For enantioselectivity, we devised predictable stereomodels for catalyst‐controlled enantioselective C−H activation based on the participation of bifunctional ligands. Finally, for practicality, we have developed varied catalytic manifolds for Pd(II) to accommodate diverse coupling partners while employing practical oxidants such as simple peroxides. These advances have culminated in numerous C−H activation reactions, setting the stage for broad industrial applications.

Time for Routine Helicobacter pylori Screening in Coronary Artery Disease?

Time for Routine Helicobacter pylori Screening in Coronary Artery Disease?

A BIOMECHANICAL ASSESSMENT OF ZIMMER BIOMET'S NEXGEN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY AS COMPARED WITH HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to alleviate pain and restore joint biomechanics to an equivalent degree to age-matched peers.Zimmer Biomet's Nexgen TKA was the most common implant in the UK between 2003 and 2016. This study compared the biomechanical outcomes of the Nexgen implant against a cohort of healthy older adults to determine whether knee biomechanics is restored post-TKA.Patients with a primary Nexgen TKA and healthy adults >55 years old with no musculoskeletal deficits or diagnosis of arthritis were recruited locally.Eligible participants attended one research appointment. Bilateral knee range of motion (RoM) was assessed with a goniometer. A motorised arthrometer (GENOUROB) was then used to quantify the anterior-posterior laxity of each knee. Finally, gait patterns were analysed on a treadmill. An 8-camera Vicon motion capture system generated the biomechanical model.Preliminary statistical analyses were performed in SPSS (α = 0.05; required sample size for ongoing study: n=21 per group).The patient cohort (n=21) was older and had a greater BMI than the comparative group (n=13). Patients also had significantly poorer RoM than healthy older adults. However, there were no inter-group differences in knee laxity, walking speed or cadence. Gait kinematics were comparable in the sagittal plane during stance phase. Peak knee flexion during swing phase was lower in the patient group, however (49.0° vs 41.1°).Preliminary results suggest that knee laxity and some spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of gait are restored in Nexgen TKA patients.While knee RoM remains significantly poorer in the patient cohort, an average RoM of >110° was achieved. This suggests the implant provides sufficient RoM for most activities of daily living. Further improvements to knee kinematics may necessitate additional rehabilitation.Future recruitment drives will concentrate on adults over the age of 70 for improved inter-group comparability.

Sometimes they show, sometimes they don't: Appointment attendance as a naturalistic prospective memory task

AbstractProspective memory (PM) refers to our ability to remember to complete future actions. One common everyday PM task that requires further attention is our ability to remember to attend scheduled appointments. The present study focused on appointment attendance as a naturalistic time‐based PM task and examined metacognitive factors associated with appointment keeping. We specifically measured self‐reported strategy use, perceived task importance, and everyday forgetting among individuals who successfully attended (Show) or failed to attend (No‐Show) a research appointment. Consistent with previous research, No‐Show participants often reported that they had simply forgotten to attend their scheduled appointment. Show participants were more likely to use strategies, particularly technology‐based strategies, compared to No‐Show participants. Furthermore, using a strategy improved the likelihood of attendance even if participants viewed attendance as less important or perceived themselves to have poor PM. Implications for improving appointment attendance and PM in daily life are discussed.

Call for nominations for Jonathan L. Sessler Fellowship

The American Chemical Society Scientific Advancement Division invites nominations for the Jonathan L. Sessler Fellowship for Emerging Leaders in Bioinorganic and Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry. The fellowship is open to investigators in their first 5 years of a tenure-track position or an equivalent research appointment at a US academic, national laboratory, or non-profit institution. Accommodations are made for family, health, or provider leaves. Sessler Fellows receive an honorarium, an engraved plaque, and registration, travel, and housing support for the ACS meeting at which they present their research. Fellows will be selected via a nomination and selection process, and self-nominations will not be accepted. Nominations are due Nov. 11. For more information, visit www.acs.org/sessler .

Patient outcomes of a clinician curriculum on how to deliver a diabetes diagnosis

AimsTo investigate the effects of a curriculum that teaches medical decision making and interpersonal communication in the context of prediabetes (preDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). MethodsThis evaluation was an active-controlled trial of 56 patients, including patients who received their diagnosis from intervention-trained clinicians or a control group. Patients attended a research appointment for informed consent and collection of baseline measures. Over the following six months, both groups were mailed surveys and informational handouts monthly. Upon conclusion, we recorded the most recent A1c from the patient’s record. ResultsAn analysis of covariance test revealed patients who received a T2DM diagnosis from an intervention-trained clinician reported higher reassurance from the diagnosing clinician and had a higher perception of threat. Although not statistically significant, patients with T2DM in the intervention group had a lower A1c at follow up and patients in the intervention group reported less poor eating and a higher degree of diet decision making. ConclusionsThe curriculum itself does not influence glycemic control, but our results demonstrate the positive impact on patients of the curriculum to teach critical skills to clinicians delivering a diabetes diagnosis.

Integration of public open space and pedestrian pathway to the Trans Koetaradja shelter in the Masjid Raya Baiturrahman area

The area of Masjid Raya Baiturrahman is an area that is integrated with public space, pedestrian pathway, and public transportation infrastructure namely Halte Trans Koetaradja. This area is always crowded because of the Masjid Raya Baiturrahman besides as a center of Islamic worship also as a center of Islamic tourism in Banda Aceh. This area is always crowded by motorists and pedestrians who visit and perform activities in the area. Because the still mix of motor vehicles and pedestrians makes the area at certain times very dense so it is not safe and comfortable for pedestrians. This research aims to identify the existing conditions of the pedestrian street in the area of Masjid Raya Baiturrahman Grand and also identify the characteristics of pedestrian movements to determine the level of service from the pedestrian path. This study was conducted using a table based on the list of Ministerial Regulation of Public Works No. 03 the Year 2014 and also the Department of Transport (DOT) to identify the existing conditions of the pedestrian path in the area of Masjid Raya, then conducted a review of the characteristics of pedestrian movements using the formula of pedestrian speed, pedestrian flow and also pedestrian density. The results of this research appointment that the pedestrian pathway in the area of Masjid Raya Baiturrahman when reviewed from the existing service level, it is still a level of service A, but if the review of existing conditions then there is an improvement to the pedestrian pathway. This is because the supporting facilities have not been compactor to the pedestrian pathway by the standard guidelines.

تشخيص اّليات عملية التعاون التنافسي الإلكتروني في شركات الاتصالات المتنقلة في مدينة كركوك-العراق

This research aims to diagnosing the vital mechanisms for completing the of Electronic Coopetition Process, then determined its levels in cellular companies in Kirkuk city in Iraq, as a field of study and as a source of gaining the data that collected by distributed questionnaire on the branches of three companies: (Zain Al-Iraq, Asia cell and Korek Telecom), the numbers of distributed questionnaire are (105), the researchers are recollected (95) questionnaire. This research appointment the analytical descriptive method for achieves its goals and treats its problem, by using some of the researching tools such as: interviews, questionnaire, and gains the results then formation of its conclusions, the vital one of these conclusions is: The process management model can contribute in building completed theoretical frame, as a developed model for analyzing the relationship styles among contributors, and describes the natural of electronic cooperative among competitors, these results are reinforced by Chi-Square values that enhance these factors in different levels in researched companies.

The Impactful Research Appointment: Combating Research Anxiety and Library Stereotypes

ABSTRACT The academic library research appointment provides invaluable benefits to both the academic library and the student, such as improved information literacy skills, trust, and a sense of community. Based on the rewards that the scheduled consultation can potentially yield, it is a service that should not be overlooked. A highly impactful research appointment derives from the librarian’s behavior. Throughout the consultation, the librarian must employ interpersonal skills and practice empathy. In doing so, they will dissolve the user’s research anxiety and negative library stereotypes, allowing information literacy capabilities to develop. In this opportune setting, it is the librarian’s responsibility to build up the user’s research confidence by drawing them out of their passive state and engaging them in the research process. Through a collaborative, communal partnership with the student, the librarian will familiarize them with the library’s online system. By considering the user’s perspective and responding appropriately, the academic librarian will inspire a highly impactful and transformational research appointment. This lasting impression will lead the student to view the library as a safe, dependable space. While the librarian’s attuned behavior is necessary for any consultation, it was especially vital in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Going the Distance: Flipped Classrooms and the Research Appointment

Going the Distance: Flipped Classrooms and the Research Appointment

Cognitive-motivational, interpersonal, and behavioral functioning in relationship to treatment and research engagement in forensic patients with ADHD.

ObjectivesTo provide more insight into treatment and research responsivity in offenders with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodVia self‐reports and patients' scores on cognitive computer tasks, it was examined whether poorer cognitive‐motivational, interpersonal, and behavioral functioning were related to treatment no‐shows, longer treatment time duration intervals, and no‐show at the research appointment in 52 forensic outpatients with ADHD (M age = 35.3, SD = 9.38). Treatment adherence was tracked for 10 appointments after research participation.ResultsRegression analyses showed that higher self‐reported impulsivity was associated with research no‐show, and more alcohol use with longer treatment time intervals. Yet, self‐reported delay aversion was associated with fewer treatment no‐shows, and, uncontrolled for alcohol use, impulsivity was associated with shorter treatment time intervals in a subsample of patients.ConclusionsThese preliminary results indicate that externalizing behaviors increase the risk for nonadherence in forensic ADHD patients, but that cognitive‐motivational problems also motivate patients to be more engaged.

Participant and Caregiver Perspectives on Clinical Research During Covid-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThe COVID‐19 pandemic has massively disrupted essential clinical research. Many regulatory organizations have rightfully advocated to temporarily halt enrollment and curtail all face‐to‐face interactions. Views and opinions of patients and their caregivers are seldom considered while making such decisions. The objective was to study older participantsʼ and their caregiversʼ perspectives to participate in ongoing clinical research during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DESIGNCross‐sectional.SETTINGVISN‐16/Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Department of Veterans Affairs.PARTICIPANTSOlder participants and their caregivers (N = 51) enrolled in ongoing clinical research studies.MEASUREMENTSQuestions about perceptions of safety to attend research visit, the level of panic among the general public, and medical centerʼs preparedness in handling the pandemic. Other questions identified the source of pandemic information and the preference of a phone or in‐person visit.RESULTSMean age was 69.3 (±9.4) years, 53% were male, 39% were caregivers, and 65% were Caucasian. Majority (78%) of the participants felt safe/very safe attending the scheduled research appointment; 63% felt that the extra screening made them feel safe/very safe; 82% felt that the medical center was prepared/very prepared for the pandemic. Participants split evenly on their preference for phone versus in‐person visits. Family members and television news media were the commonly used sources of pandemic information irrespective of their education. Perceptions were influenced by gender and source of information, not by age or education. Females perceived higher level of panic compared to males (P = .02). Those relying on news media felt safer compared to those that relied on family members (P = .008).CONCLUSIONEven though informants felt that the medical center was prepared to handle the pandemic, only half the participants preferred the in‐person visit. Pandemic information was obtained from family members or the television news media. Knowing patientsʼ perspectives may help researchers be better prepared for future pandemics. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:E14–E18, 2020.

Motivational Influences on Land-Grant Faculty Engagement in Science Communication

To address knowledge gaps related to science, faculty will have to effectively engage the public in science communication. This is particularly true at land-grant institutions where tenure-track faculty have appointments in teaching, research, and Extension. However, tenure-track faculty have found it difficult to balance their professional obligations and have struggled to engage the public through Extension efforts. The purpose of this study was to determine how the Expectancy Value Theory (EVT) of Achievement Motivation can explain tenure-track, land-grant faculty’s engagement in effective science communication. An online survey instrument was distributed to a census of tenure-track faculty at the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Respondents had positive or neutral task values associated with science communication, believed they had good ability, and would be successful at science communication in the future. Research appointment, cost belief, and ability beliefs were all predictors of effective science communication and accounted for 64% of the variance in effective science communication. EVT was found to be a useful model in understanding faculty’s motivation to engage in science communication. However, perceptions of ability must be addressed, through formal or informal education, if faculty are expected to engage in effective science communication or Extension programming.

Therapist-Guided Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Versus Internet-Delivered Supportive Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Background: This single-masked randomised controlled superiority trial evaluated the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD) in youth compared with an active comparator, internet-delivered supportive therapy (ISUPPORT). Methods: Participants were 103 children and adolescents aged 10-17 years with a principal diagnosis of SAD, and their parents. Participants were randomly allocated to 10 weeks of ICBT (n=51) or ISUPPORT (n=52). Both interventions included three video call sessions with a therapist. The primary outcome measure was the Clinician Severity Rating (CSR), derived from the Anxiety Disorder Interview Schedule (ADIS-C), rated by masked clinicians post treatment and three months after the end of treatment (primary endpoint). Secondary outcomes included clinician-rated diagnostic status of SAD and global functioning, as well as child- and parent-reported social anxiety and comorbid depression. Findings: ICBT was significantly more efficacious than ISUPPORT in reducing the severity of SAD symptoms with a significant between-group effect size of d=0·66 (95% CI [0·27, 1·11]) at the 3-month follow-up. Similarly, most of the secondary outcome measures demonstrated moderate effect sizes favouring ICBT. The cost-effectiveness analyses indicated cost savings associated with ICBT compared to ISUPPORT. One suicide attempt was reported and managed in the ISUPPORT condition. No other serious adverse events were reported in either condition. Interpretation: ICBT is an efficacious and cost-effective intervention for children and adolescents with SAD. Implementation in clinical practice could markedly increase the availability of effective interventions for SAD. Trial Registration: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with id NCT03247075 Funding: This work was funded by the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte 2014-4052) and Region Stockholm (HNSV 14099). JH was supported by Region Stockholm (Dnr: K0173-2016; clinical postdoctoral appointment: 2017-2020). ES was supported by Region Stockholm (clinical research appointment; 2017-0605). Declaration of Interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf. Dr. Mataix-Cols reports personal fees from Elsevier, personal fees from UpToDate, Inc., outside the submitted work. None of the other authors declare any conflict of interests. Ethics Approval Statement: The trial was approved by the Stockholm regional ethical review board (2017/1027-31/2).

Consulting Activities of Agricultural Economists and Response to University Policies

AbstractA perk of academic employment is the ability to earn additional income from non‐university entities by consulting. Despite the availability of such work, the potential synergies with research, teaching, and extension, and the controversy sometimes surrounding it, there is surprisingly little research on the prevalence of outside consulting, the determinants of consulting, or the response of faculty to specific university consulting policies. To address these issues, this paper utilizes data from a nationwide survey of academic agricultural economists. We find that about 43% of the sample reported consulting activities in the year prior to the survey. Of those who consulted, 12% (or about $34,000) of their total household income on average comes from outside consulting activities. Income from consulting is positively correlated with having a research appointment, income earned from the university, and number of career published papers. We also document extensive heterogeneity across university consulting policies and perceptions of these policies.

Morbidity, Mortality and Normality after Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Lymphoma: A Comprehensive, Single-Centre, Population-Based, Real-World Analysis of Patients Transplanted 1994-2016

Background: Autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) is established lymphoma therapy, but the procedure has a substantial treatment-related mortality. Methods All 433 lymphoma patients who underwent ASCT at Karolinska Huddinge 1994-2016 were investigated, including long- and short-term mortality, causes of death, longitudinal laboratory values and anti-lymphoma treatments, harvested and transplanted CD34 cell amounts, infectious and other complications, microbiology findings, intensive care, drugs administered, chemotherapy-induced nausea, hospital stay, and secondary myeloid neoplasia. Findings: BEAM was the conditioning for 93%. The 100-day overall and non-lymphoma mortality were 7·2% and 5·6%. Stem cell harvests <5 million CD34 cells/kg correlated with inferior long- and short-term survival. At start of conditioning, elevated (both 3-9 and ≥10 mg/L) C-reactive protein (CRP) and creatinine but low albumin predicted inferior 100-day non-lymphoma mortality. Higher age (65-72 years) had no bearing on 100-day mortality. Delays between the last dose of chemotherapy and ASCT did not correlate with inferior outcome. Intravenous antibiotics was given to 97% (22% positive blood cultures) and parenteral nutrition to 86%. Fungal infections were rare. Aprepitant ameliorated nausea and vomiting. The median days for leukocyte engraftment and hospital discharge were 11 and 16. At one year, 86% and 76% had normalised haemoglobin and platelets. The cumulative five-year risk for secondary myeloid neoplasia was 4·1%, associated with smaller stem cell harvests. Interpretation: In ASCT for lymphoma, the harvest should be ≥5 million CD34 cells/kg. Before starting conditioning, patients should preferably show normal CRP, albumin, and creatinine. It is safe to postpone the procedure, and to transplant older patients. Funding: Funded by Stockholm County Council (clinical research appointment), Cancerfonden, and Svenska Sallskapet for Medicinsk Forskning (SSMF). Role of the funding source: the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration of interests: The authors have no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee, Stockholm.

Editorial introductions

Editorial introductions

Scheduling appointments for multiple classes of patients in presence of unscheduled arrivals: Case study of a CT department

Appointment scheduling plays a key role in improving the performance of a healthcare facility and increasing patient access to health care. However, appointment systems in hospitals may receive requests for services from walk-ins and emergency arrivals in addition to the scheduled arrivals. Emergency arrivals need urgent care, and hence have higher priority to be served over the scheduled arrivals. Such emergency arrivals disrupt the scheduled appointments, and may increase the waiting times of scheduled patients and the overtime of the appointment session. Walk-ins have lower priority to be served. However, it is desirable to serve walk-ins in order to increase the utilization of the server keeping the waiting times of scheduled patients as short as possible. In this research work, appropriate sequencing and appointment rules are identified for a computed tomography (CT) scan facility that experiences walk-in and emergency arrivals apart from regular scheduled arrivals. Several scheduling rules are evaluated under different patterns of walk-ins and emergency arrivals. In addition, the main and interaction effects of scheduling rules and arrival patterns of unscheduled patients are explored. It is found that the scheduling rules are more influential than the arrival patterns of unscheduled patients.

ДИНАМІКА ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЛЕПТИНУ, АДИПОНЕКТИНУ ТА ІНТЕРЛЕЙКІНУ-6 ПРИ ПРИЗНАЧЕННІ САРТАНІВ, СТАТИНІВ ТА УРСОДЕЗОКСИХОЛЕВОЇ КИСЛОТИ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З АРТЕРІАЛЬНОЮ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЄЮ, ПОЄДНАНОЮ З ОЖИРІННЯМ ТА НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНИМ СТЕАТОГЕПАТИТОМ

Метою роботи було оцінити динаміку клініко-лабораторних показників у пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією, поєднаною з ожирінням та неалкогольним стеатогепатитом при комбінованій терапії сартанами, статинами та урсодезоксихолевою кислотою (УДХК).Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 50 пацієнтів із ІІ-ІІІ стадією артеріальної гіпертензії, яких розділено на дві групи. Хворим першої групи призначали телмісартан (20 мг), аторвастатин (20 мг) та УДХК (10 мг/кг) 1 раз на добу. Пацієнтам другої групи призначали олмесартан (10 мг), аторвастатин (20 мг) та УДХК (10 мг/кг) 1 раз на добу. Проведено оцінку клініко-гемодинамічної та лабораторної ефективності комбінації цих препаратів через 12 тижнів лікування.Результати досліджень. Призначення впродовж 12 тижнів комбінації аторвастатину та УДХК в комплексній терапії з олмесартаном або телмісартаном у пацієнтів обох груп відзначено достовірне зниження усіх гемодинамічних показників, суттєве зменшення рівнів холестерину (p&lt;0,01), ліпопротеїдів низької щільності (p&lt;0,05) та аланінамінотрансферази.Також така схема лікування призводила до зниження рівнів інтерлейкіну-6 та лептину в обох групах, однак, зміни рівня лептину виявилися статистично недостовірними за рахунок значного діапазону показників. Відзначено достовірне підвищення концентрації адипонектину (до 25,94±0,65 мкг/мл) у першій групі, що свідчить про прямий вплив телмісартану на рівень адипонектину.Висновки.Призначення комбінації сартанів (телмісартану або олмесартану) в поєднанні з аторвастатином та урсодезоксихолевою кислотою впродовж 12 тижнів пацієнтам з артеріальною гіпертензією, поєднаною з ожирінням та неалкогольним стеатогепатитом, має позитивний вплив на загальний стан хворих за рахунок підтримання оптимального артеріального тиску, зменшення суб'єктивних скарг та покращення гемодинаміки серця.Така комбінація лікарських препаратів покращує показники ліпідного спектру крові (за рахунок зменшення рівнів загального холестерину (p&lt;0,01) та ліпопротеїдів низької щільності (p&lt;0,01)), знижує рівні лептину та інтерлейкіну-6 (p&lt;0,01)Комбінація телмісартану з аторвастатином та урсодезоксихолевою кислотою у пацієнтам з артеріальною гіпертензією, поєднаною з ожирінням та неалкогольним стеатогепатитом призводить до достовірного зростання рівня адипонектину (p&lt;0,01).