Requirements Analysis Method Research Articles

Gene Set- and Pathway- Centered Knowledge Discovery Assigns Transcriptional Activation Patterns in Brain, Blood, and Colon Cancer

Genome-wide ‘omics'-assays provide a comprehensive view on the molecular landscapes of healthy and diseased cells. Bioinformatics traditionally pursues a ‘gene-centered' view by extracting lists of genes differentially expressed or methylated between healthy and diseased states. Biological knowledge mining is then performed by applying gene set techniques using libraries of functional gene sets obtained from independent studies. This analysis strategy neglects two facts: (i) that different disease states can be characterized by a series of functional modules of co-regulated genes and (ii) that the topology of the underlying regulatory networks can induce complex expression patterns that require analysis methods beyond traditional genes set techniques. The authors here provide a knowledge discovery method that overcomes these shortcomings. It combines machine learning using self-organizing maps with pathway flow analysis. It extracts and visualizes regulatory modes from molecular omics data, maps them onto selected pathways and estimates the impact of pathway-activity changes. The authors illustrate the performance of the gene set and pathway signal flow methods using expression data of oncogenic pathway activation experiments and of patient data on glioma, B-cell lymphoma and colorectal cancer.

Requirement Analysis Method of E-Commerce Websites Development for Small-Medium Enterprises, Case Study: Indonesia

Along with the growth of the Internet, the trend shows that e-commerce have been growing significantly in the last several years. This means business opportunities for small-medium enterprises (SMEs), which are recognized as the backbone of the economy. SMEs may develop and run small to medium size of particular e-commerce websites as the solution of specific business opportunities. Certainly, the websites should be developed accordingly to support business success. In developing the websites, key elements of e-commerce business model that are necessary to ensure the success should be resolved at the requirement stage of the development. In this paper, we propose an enhancement of requirement analysis method found in literatures such that it includes activities to resolve the key elements. The method has been applied in three case studies based on Indonesia situations and we conclude that it is suitable to be adopted by SMEs.

Requirement Analysis on Sports Equipment Information System Based on UML

Sports equipment is an important university teaching resources for physical education curriculum plays an active role in promoting. With the development of information technology and building sports equipment management information system is to change the status quo of sports equipment only way. Requirements analysis is an important phase of the software development process, this paper based on preliminary research, needs analysis based on UML. First, research requirement analyze and relevant issues with UML, including requirements analysis process, requirement analysis method, through use cases to capture system requirements in the process, etc.; then, studies use case modeling, build a sports equipment and information systems use case modeling diagram, and each participant interaction described in detail. Contents of this article, to build sports equipment information system, thereby strengthening the management of sports equipment, construction and other aspects of digital campus is of great significance.

Quantitative comparison of analysis methods for spectroscopic optical coherence tomography

Spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (sOCT) enables the mapping of chromophore concentrations and image contrast enhancement in tissue. Acquisition of depth resolved spectra by sOCT requires analysis methods with optimal spectral/spatial resolution and spectral recovery. In this article, we quantitatively compare the available methods, i.e. the short time Fourier transform (STFT), wavelet transforms, the Wigner-Ville distribution and the dual window method through simulations in tissue-like media. We conclude that all methods suffer from the trade-off in spectral/spatial resolution, and that the STFT is the optimal method for the specific application of the localized quantification of hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation.

Study of Maintenance Mission Requirement Analysis Method Based on FMEA

The requirement analysis of maintenance mission is the main content of the statement work of the system of equipment maintenance and guarantee, which is also the foundation of the construction of the system of maintenance and guarantee. Combining with the current work experience of the statement of the system of equipment maintenance and guarantee in researching, this essay discusses requirement analysis method of maintenance mission from theory basement, working system and procedure, and uses it in the process of the statement work. The effect is obvious.

System Security Requirements Analysis:A Smart Grid Case Study

ABSTRACTOne of the main concerns in development and operation of mission‐critical systems is system security. It is of critical importance to properly specify and implement system security requirements. In this paper, we apply a system security requirements analysis method to elicit, specify, categorize, and prioritize the system security requirements on the smart grid as a complex system‐of‐systems case study. In particular, we apply the Security Quality Requirements Engineering (SQUARE) method as a representative system security requirements analysis method. The main contributions of this research are the smart grid customer domain security requirements specification and its analysis from the system‐of‐systems perspective. We elicited a large proportion of system and system‐of‐systems vulnerabilities and requirements, and used them to specify secure smart grid intersystem interactions.

ENHANCING GOAL-ORIENTED SECURITY REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS USING COMMON CRITERIA-BASED KNOWLEDGE

Goal-oriented requirements analysis (GORA) is one of the promising techniques to elicit software requirements, and it is natural to consider its application to security requirements analysis. In this paper, we proposed a method for goal-oriented security requirements analysis using security knowledge which is derived from several security targets (STs) compliant to Common Criteria (CC, ISO/IEC 15408). We call such knowledge security ontology for an application domain (SOAD). Three aspects of security such as confidentiality, integrity and availability are included in the scope of our method because the CC addresses these three aspects. We extract security-related concepts such as assets, threats, countermeasures and their relationships from STs, and utilize these concepts and relationships for security goal elicitation and refinement in GORA. The usage of certificated STs as knowledge source allows us to reuse efficiently security-related concepts of higher quality. To realize our proposed method as a supporting tool, we use an existing method GOORE (goal-oriented and ontology-driven requirements elicitation method) combining with SOAD. In GOORE, terms and their relationships in a domain ontology play an important role of semantic processing such as goal refinement and conflict identification. SOAD is defined based on concepts in STs. In contrast with other goal-oriented security requirements methods, the knowledge derived from actual STs contributes to eliciting security requirements in our method. In addition, the relationships among the assets, threats, objectives and security functional requirements can be directly reused for the refinement of security goals. We show an illustrative example to show the usefulness of our method and evaluate the method in comparison with other goal-oriented security requirements analysis methods.

Experimental development based on mapping rule between requirements analysis model and web framework specific design model

Model Driven Development is a promising approach to develop high quality software systems. We have proposed a method of model-driven requirements analysis using Unified Modeling Language (UML). The main feature of our method is to automatically generate a Web user interface prototype from UML requirements analysis model so that we can confirm validity of input/output data for each page and page transition on the system by directly operating the prototype. We proposes a mapping rule in which design information independent of each web application framework implementation is defined based on the requirements analysis model, so as to improve the traceability to the final product from the valid requirements analysis model. This paper discusses the result of applying our method to the development of a Group Work Support System that is currently running in our department.

LOCAL OSCILLATOR UNCORRELATED PHASE NOISE ANALYSIS FOR MILLIMETER-WAVE PASSIVE IMAGER BHU-2D FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER

In this paper, a nontrivial local oscillator uncorrelated phase noise analysis is proposed for frequency synthesizer of a pas- sive millimeter-wave Synthetic Aperture Interferometric Radiometer (SAIR) imager BHU-2D designed for concealed weapon detections on human bodies with high imaging rates. The frequency synthesizer pro- vides local oscillator signals for both millimeter-wave front-ends and intermediate frequency I/Q demodulators for the receivers. The in- ∞uence of local oscillator uncorrelated phase noise in difierent ofiset frequency ranges on the visibility phase errors have been systemati- cally investigated, and the corresponding system-level visibility speci- flcations are drawn. The integrated RMS phase error has been applied to set uncorrelated phase noise requirements in the most critical ofiset frequency range for visibility error control. The synthesizer design is given, and measurement results have proved that the visibility phase error requirement is achieved by the PN analysis method proposed with system-level visibility error tests performed. To conclude, the phase noise efiects on SAIR visibility phase errors are investigated by the- ory, and are properly limited by the PN requirement analysis method to ensure that the system-level visibility phase error speciflcation is satisfled.

SNS의 스마트폰 게시글 내용 분석을 통한 사용자의 요구특성 분석

최근 스마트폰이나 태블릿 PC와 같이 이동성, 편리성, 그리고 실시간성을 갖춘 스마트 장비의 개발로 소셜 미디어의 확산과 활성화가 촉진되고 있다. 또한 커뮤니케이션 방법도 혁신적으로 변화되고 있다. 2010년 이후, SNS(Social Networking Services)에 관한 연구들은 주로 SNS를 이용한 마케팅 전략의 개발에 초점을 맞췄다. 반면, 이 논문은 SNS의 내용 분석을 통해 스마트폰 사용자들의 요구사항을 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. SNS의 내용을 일일이 수작업으로 분석하는 것은 너무 많은 시간과 노력이 소요되므로 본 논문에서는 SNS 내용 분석을 자동으로 수행하기 위해 내용 분석 시스템을 개발했다. 또한 이 논문에서는 내용 분석의 결과와 Kano의 설문조사 결과를 비교하여 두 결과를 비교하였다. Recently, the development of smart devices such as smart phones and tablet PCs, with mobility, convenience and real-time computing, promotes proliferation and activation of social media. It also causes innovative changes in communication methods. Since 2010, researches in SNS (Social Networking Services) have focused on developing marketing strategies using SNS. On the other hand, the main purpose of this study is to provide a requirement analysis method of smart phone users by using content analysis of SNS. An information systems developed in this study in order to analyze content of SNS automatically because it is very difficult and time consuming to analyze it manually. In addition, this study compares the result of content analysis with that of Kano survey in order to examine consistency between the two results.

Method of Customer's Requirements Gain and Analysis

Modularity has been recognized as a vital factor to implement mass customization. To obtain the optimization project of modular design, Customer's Requirements must be gained firstly. There has relation between each Customer's Requirement. So, the gain technology of Customer's Requirements degree, which using investigate questionnaire, is expatiated in this paper. Then, the gray relation degrees between customer's requirements can be gained by gray correlation analysis. A questionnaire, which using the household hanging air-conditioning system as an example, is proposed in this paper. The result, which using gray system theory to analyze, demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approaches.

A Service-Oriented Method for System-of-Systems Requirements Analysis and Architecture Design

Nowadays various problems, including the rapid growth of complexity, continually changing requirements and the alignment of IT with business strategy, challenge traditional design principles in analyzing System-of-systems (SoS), while Service-Oriented Computing offers a flexible integration architecture to meet the dynamic requirements of SoS. This paper introduce a service-oriented modeling method for SoS requirements analysis based on a three-tier framework with multi-ontologies. The method provides a reusable and flexible solution for SoS requirements modeling and enable the high level requirements description of System-of-Systems can be mapped to service-oriented system design architecture directly. A case study is given to demonstrate the applicability of the method.

A Method for Service-Oriented Personalized Requirements Analysis

The development of Web service has changed the process of software production, and requirements engineering becomes the key issue of service-oriented software engineering. Meantime, it reduces the degree of difficulty of software production, which facilitates end-users to customize software according to their personalized requirements. The paper proposes a method for service-oriented personalized requirements analysis, which is based on domain goal model and process model. The method can inform users of potential errors in requirements by detecting the correctness of requirements, which is driven by users’ personalized operations on goal models, and customize personalized processes to satisfy users’ requirements by reusing domain processes. The personalized processes are the basis for Web service discovery and composition.

ANALISA USER REQUIREMENT SPESIFICATION SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK ON-LINE

System information (SI) has been very instrumental in improving competitive advantage (Competitive Advantage), to create value for the organization. not least in informatics and Business Darmajaya (IBI), a Higher Education Institution that made the Academic Information System (AIS) to support his efforts. To achieve this requires a development of the Academic Information System (AIS) are structured. Academic information systems that exist today with the new integrated financial information system and have not been able to meet all the needs of the academic information required by internal users and external users. Therefore, analysis of the needs of academic information systems is necessary in IBI darmajaya, where the activities of academic services is the responsibility of the work of a firm called BAAK (Bureau of Academic Administration and kemahasiswaaan) and academic information system development is the responsibility of a unit of the Unit Executive technical Computer Center (UPT Puskom). Academic information system requirements analysis in this paper uses the User Requirements Analysis Method (interviews, questionnaires, observation, analysis procedure, and document survey). Keywords : Requirements Analysis, User Requirement specification

Goal-ontology approach for modeling and designing ETL processes

Abstract The data warehouse (DW) system’s design involves several tasks such as defining DW requirements, modeling DW schemas, and specifying ETL processes operations, and these have been studied and practiced for many years. However, the common designrelated problems such as defining user requirements and deriving data integration and transformation activities are far away from being resolved due to the variation and ambiguity of user requirements and the complexity of ETL processes, and these were the fundamental issues of conflicts in heterogeneous information sharing environments. Current approaches are based on existing software requirement methods that have limitations on reconciliation of the user semantics toward the modeling of the DW. This will prolong the process to define the ETL processes specifications accordingly. The semantic framework of DW system development in this paper is focused on the requirement analysis method for designing the ETL processes. The method RAMEPs (Requirement Analysis Method for ETL Processes) was developed to support the design of ETL processes by analyzing and producing the DW requirements as required by the organization, decision-makers, and developers. The ETL processes are modeled and designed by capturing two important facts: i) DW schemas, and ii) data sources integration and transformation. The validation process emphasized on the correctness of the goal-oriented and ontology requirement model, and validated by using compliant tools that can build both models. The correctness of RAMEPs was evaluated in the real case study of a gas utility company in Malaysia. The case study was used to illustrate how the RAMEPs method can be implemented for designing the ETL processes. The RAMEPs approach was reviewed by DW developers for assessing the strength and weakness of this method.

GOAL-ONTOLOGY ETL PROCESSES SPECIFICATION

The design-related problems for extract, transform, load (ETL) processes are far away from being resolved due to the ambiguity of user requirements and the complexity of operations. Current approaches are based on existing software requirement methods that have limitations on reconciliation of the requirement semantics toward generating the ETL processes specification. The solution is to apply the RAMEPs (Requirement Analysis Method for ETL Processes) that was developed to facilitate the design of the ETL processes in the perspectives of organization, decision-maker, and developer. The results are the ETL processes specification, which was validated on the correctness of the goal-ontology model and evaluated in the case study of Gas Malaysia Data Warehouse (DW) system. The case study illustrated how the goal-ontology approach was successfully implemented in designing and generating the ETL processes specification.

Requirements Analysis: Evaluating KAOS Models

Wigmore’s charts and Bayesian networks are used to represent graphically the construction of arguments and to evaluate them. KAOS is a goal oriented requirements analysis method that enables the analysts to capture requirements through the realization of the business goals. However, KAOS does not have inbuilt mechanism for evaluating these goals and the inferring process. This paper proposes a method for evaluating KAOS models through the extension of Wigmore’s model with features of Bayesian networks.

SMV model-based safety analysis of software requirements

Fault tree analysis (FTA) is one of the most frequently applied safety analysis techniques when developing safety-critical industrial systems such as software-based emergency shutdown systems of nuclear power plants and has been used for safety analysis of software requirements in the nuclear industry. However, the conventional method for safety analysis of software requirements has several problems in terms of correctness and efficiency; the fault tree generated from natural language specifications may contain flaws or errors while the manual work of safety verification is very labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose a new approach to resolve problems of the conventional method; we generate a fault tree from a symbolic model verifier (SMV) model, not from natural language specifications, and verify safety properties automatically, not manually, by a model checker SMV. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, we applied it to shutdown system 2 (SDS2) of Wolsong nuclear power plant (NPP). In spite of subtle ambiguities present in the approach, the results of this case study demonstrate its overall feasibility and effectiveness.

Extended QFD and data-mining-based methods for supplier selection in mass customization

In mass customization, different kinds of customer requirements should be satisfied by the manufacturer. Supplier selection is one important task in supply-chain management. Effective supplier selection calls for robust analytical methods and decision-support tools. This research aims to develop a supplier selection methodology based on extended quality function deployment (QFD) and data-mining (DM) techniques. Through considering customer requirement and performance of components in a product's full life-cycle, the manufacturer can use data-mining techniques to find out quality requirements correlated to customer categories, product usage patterns, and frequent fault patterns in order to select the proper combination of suppliers. In this way, the manufacturer can decrease costs, raise product quality, and improve customer satisfaction. Related data-mining algorithms for supplier selection are presented. Customer requirement analysis is also studied in the paper, and transcendental and empirical customer requirement analysis methods are put forward. A case study is provided in detail. Finally, as a part of the supply-chain management system, a supplier selection prototype system is designed and implemented. Evaluation of experiments in an automobile manufacturing enterprise verifies the feasibility and efficiency of our method.

Using classification techniques for informal requirements in the requirements analysis-supporting system

In order to efficiently develop large-scale and complicated software, it is important for system engineers to correctly understand users’ requirements. Most requirements in large-scale projects are collected from various stakeholders located in various regions, and they are generally written in natural language. Therefore, the initial collected requirements must be classified into various topics prior to analysis phases in order to be usable as input in several requirements analysis methods. If this classification process is manually done by analysts, it becomes a time-consuming task. To solve this problem, we propose a new bootstrapping method which can automatically classify requirements sentences into each topic category using only topic words as the representative of the analysts’ views. The proposed method is verified through experiments using two requirements data sets: one written in English and the other in Korean. The significant performances were achieved in the experiments: the 84.28 and 87.91 F1 scores for the English and Korean data sets, respectively. As a result, the proposed method can provide an effective function for an Internet-based requirements analysis-supporting system so as to efficiently gather and analyze requirements from various and distributed stakeholders by using the Internet.