Uzbekistan Research Articles

Cluster method in teaching plant science

in the structure of higher education in the field of agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan, there is a need for theoretical and practical training taught in vocational colleges, as well as in the transition period on the basis of modern new pedagogical technologies.The use of a new pedagogical technology - "Cluster method" in the topic of crop production "Oil crops" - soybean and sorghum plants are interesting for students to perceive the topic, and at the same time interesting for the use of the teacher to study the topic is considered a convenient method of presenting information in a certain sequence based on consistency and didactic principles.

Modern food protection

The article provides data on grown vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, peppers, various greens such as dill, celery, ginger, basil and cilantro, as well as fruits such as apples, pears, grapes, pomegranates that need protection. So, a lot of work is being done to protect food products, including by farms and dekhkan farms to protect them. Everywhere they are switching to a cluster management system. According to the information service of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan, today there are 342.5 thousand hectares of orchards in our country. Of these, 250.7 thousand hectares belong to farms and agricultural enterprises, the rest belongs to households. The main task is to separate and sell ready-made food products or semi-finished products on the markets, without throwing away processed products of various types and varieties.

ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF TAX CONSULTING IN ALTERNATIVE RESOLUTION OF TAX DISPUTES

The author of this article describes the theoretical and practical aspects of legal mechanisms for alternative dispute resolution. In this scientific work was carried out a systematic analysis of the norms of alternative resolution of tax disputes established by the Tax Code and other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan, was conducted a comparative study of foreign experience in this area, were analyzed existing problems, were developed recommendations for their solution and were given proposals for improving legislation in the analyzed area. At the same time, has been analyzed the works, that carried out in our country on the alternative resolution of tax disputes, as well as on the prevention, identification and elimination of possible disputes in the tax area. Separately noted, that today the sphere of tax consulting in the country is being formed systematically and in stages. Also, author of this article analyzed the large-scale systematic work carried out to create a fair, transparent tax system for taxpayers and bring the system of alternative dispute resolution in line with international standards, as well as to strengthen the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of taxpayers.

Liver cirrhosis in the elderly population: analysing prevalence and gender characteristics within the biotechnological framework

Liver cirrhosis stands as the predominant cause of mortality within digestive system diseases, excluding tumours, with a prevalence of 2-3 per cent among liver diseases. The temporal trajectory of liver cirrhosis development is intricately linked to diverse risk factors, underscoring the pivotal role of early detection and coordinated treatment. This study emphasizes the significance of mitigating complications associated with cirrhosis, ranging from gastrointestinal bleeding to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, liver encephalopathy, and kidney failure. In this article, we present the outcomes of a rigorous 21-year clinical epidemiological monitoring initiative focused on the distribution of liver cirrhosis among the elderly population in the Andijan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, with specific attention to gender characteristics. The findings not only contribute to the scientific understanding of liver cirrhosis prevalence within the elderly demographic but also align with the biotechnological framework. The results promise to optimize practices for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of liver cirrhosis within the specified biotechnological perspectives. Moreover, the data serves as a foundational basis for the creation of prognostic tables and the development of innovative technologies. The article concludes with practical recommendations derived from the analytical results, offering valuable insights to address the complexities of liver cirrhosis in the elderly within the context of the biotechnological framework.

JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN THE CONSTITUTION AND LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The independence and development of the Republic of Uzbekistan is directly related to the Constitution and the law. Our constitution and laws contribute to the establishment of our country on the world scale and the strengthening of our statehood, and never ignore human dignity, rights and freedoms. We all know that the rules that put human dignity in its place and ensure that it is manifested as a supreme value are implemented by the judicial system established in the Constitution and laws. This article talks about the work being done on the judicial system in the Constitution and legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Using modern technologies to improve the vegetable cultivator

This paper explores the selection of high-yielding potato varieties suitable for various soil and climatic conditions, the use of modern scientific technologies in their cultivation, the current state and significance of potato cultivation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the importance of employing specific techniques such as a motoblock for potato cultivation in homesteads or small farms. The paper also presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies conducted on the study of the grinding angle of the cultivator softener paw. The research findings suggest that the optimal grinding angle for the vegetable cultivator softener claw should be within the range of 25º-30º, ensuring the necessary soil quality and minimal resistance of the working body. This study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate potato varieties and utilizing modern scientific technologies for successful potato cultivation in Uzbekistan.

Breeding and Seed Farming of Desert Forage Plants in Uzbekistan

The article provides a description of the best-zoned varieties of desert forage plants intended for the intensification of fodder production in the semi-desert and desert zones of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The features of agricultural technology for creating highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in desert and semi-desert zones are given. In the breeding of desert fodder plants, traditional methods were widely used, which consider the biological characteristics of the reproduction of each particular species. The created local varieties of desert fodder plants contributed to the creation of highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in the conditions of deserts and semi-deserts of Uzbekistan with fodder productivity of 19-27.0 q/ha of dry weight.

Non-traditional ways of enriching flour and bread products based on local plant raw materials

This article provides information on measures to prevent micronutrient deficiency, which is one of the important problems of the population. The purpose of the research work is to determine the phytochemical composition of the green peel of locally produced walnuts and justify their use for the enrichment of flour products. Its quality is checked in accordance with the established requirements of state standards. Indicators of the level of toxicological safety of walnut peel greens were determined according to generally accepted methods in accordance with the requirements of Sanitary Rules, Norms and Hygiene Standards of the Republic of Uzbekistan. According to the results of a laboratory study, the amount of toxic heavy metals and pesticides in raw materials did not exceed the normative indicators, no harmful compounds were noted. The data obtained indicate that the studied raw material complies with the regulatory requirements of toxicological safety. The microbiological composition of the studied raw materials was determined by growing substrates on agar media under conditions favorable for the growth of a colony of microorganisms, and then the species composition and amount of microflora were determined by phase-contrast microscopy.

THE CABINET OF MINISTERS AS A SUBJECT OF THE LAW-MAKING PROCESS: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN LEGISLATION

This article talks about the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers in the field of lawmaking and its role in legislation, analyzes the definitions of legislative activity, explains the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers, its connection with other legislative processes. Manufacturing of objects and its features. It is substantiated that the law-making activity of the central collegial executive body occupies a special place in the national legal system, based on the position and legal status of this entity in the system of state bodies. In addition, the author’s definitions of such concepts as legislative activity and legislative activity of the Cabinet of Ministers are given, various aspects of resolutions and orders of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan are shown. It is concluded that although the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers are not aimed at establishing, amending or repealing a new legal norm, they determine the official regulation of one or another type of social relations by the state. In addition to the above, based on an analysis of the norms of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Regulatory Legal Acts”, “On the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan”, proposals have been put forward to introduce relevant norms into Articles 36 and 37 of the Law “On the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan” and into the “Regulations of the Cabinet Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan".

CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BASES OF CITIZENSHIP OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The article examines the constitutional and legal foundations of citizenship in the Republic of Uzbekistan, analyzes the norms of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan on citizenship, the relationship between a citizen and the state, the concept of citizenship, the theory and content of the institution of citizenship at the present stage.

Investigation of a fuel-free power generating plant and evaluation of the effectiveness of its use

The development of resource-saving technologies for existing energy sources is one of the priority tasks of the energy strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which provides for the reduction of losses and cost reduction at all stages of the technological process during the extraction, preparation and transportation of natural gas. Today, it is very promising to utilize the energy of excess pressure of natural gas at gas distribution stations using expander units. A solution to the problem of lack of gas heating in the expander-generator unit can be a heated installation scheme through the use of a gas heating system with an air heat pump unit. Calculations of the energy efficiency of an expander generating unit were carried out under various operating conditions when heating natural gas in front of the expander using a heat pump unit.

RELATIONS BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND GERMANY: STAGES OF FORMATION OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS

Of particular importance are the relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan with countries of the world, diplomatic relations, economic and investment cooperation, relations between countries in the cultural and humanitarian spheres. The Republic of Uzbekistan and the Federal Republic of Germany have one of the most important and complex bilateral relations. Coordination and intensive implementation of the programs of cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the Federal Republic of Germany in political,economic, scientific and technical and cultural spheres, formation of a mutually beneficial atmosphere of trust and interest between Uzbek and German partners, investment of Germany, the main directions, such as creating favorable conditions for the implementation of economic changes in Uzbekistan with the involvement of management experience and technologies, are precisely the factors that indicate the relevance of this topic. The strategic competition they provide is one of the pressing issues of particular importance. The Federal Republic of Germany has taken a strong position in its relations with the Republic of Uzbekistan, working closely with its allies and partners to protect their interests and values. Currently, the policy of the two countries in world politics is taking its toll on other countries.

Comparative analysis of investment conditions and opportunities for Russian business in Asian countries (using the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan and UAE)

Comparative analysis of investment conditions and opportunities for Russian business in Asian countries (using the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan and UAE)

The nationwide project "Green Space" is a means of stabilizing the ecological situation

All sorts of environmental problems are being observed around the world. According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 23, 2023 "On measures to further increase the level of greenness in the Republic, to ensure environmental stability through the consistent implementation of the national project "Green Space"" the state of Bukhara The team of the Pedagogical Institute created a garden in the Moynaq District of the Republic of Karakalpakstan on the basis of the "Green Space" project, and about 2,000 seedlings were planted. This will have a significant positive impact on the environment in a region that has suffered from environmental problems related to the shrinking of the Aral Sea. Trees and green spaces play a crucial role in mitigating environmental problems by stabilizing soil, preventing erosion, providing habitat for animals and improving air quality. Efforts such as the Green Space project contribute not only to environmental protection, but also to increasing public awareness of the importance of preserving natural ecosystems. The roots of the saxovull are strong, one bush can hold up to 10 tons of sand and prevent landslides. The root penetrates deep into the soil and serves to strengthen the sand. According to the data, green coverings prevent sandstorms, and sand migration in the 3-year saxophone field is reduced by 55%, and by 79.5% in the 5-year period.

DIRECTION FOR IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

The introduction of modern mechanisms of public-private partnership in our country on the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation is one of the important priorities in the Action Strategy for the development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Despite the existence of a clear and well-developed strategy for the development of the country, there are insufficient organizational and legal mechanisms for the implementation of the tasks set by some executive authorities, duplication of tasks and excessive state regulation has a negative impact on the effectiveness of ongoing reforms.

Anomalous geoobjects in the Lithosphere of Uzbekistan and their interrelations with ore deposits

One of the priority tasks of the Geological Service of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the study of the paleozoic foundation under the cover of Meso-Cenozoic sediments, mainly using deep seismic sounding profiles, in order to trace known ore fields and mineralized zones in the overlying part of the basement. In recent years, in the laboratory “Structure of the Lithosphere” of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics named after Kh.M. Abdullayev, new data have been obtained as a result of reinterpretation of a complex of geophysical data. In the present work examines the role of anomalous geoobjects with high and low seismic density parameters along deep seismic sounding (DSS) profiles in the Lithosphere of Uzbekistan from the point of view of their spatial correlation with explored deposits of ore minerals. New regional features of the interrelationships between the geological structure of the lithospheric deep structures of Uzbekistan and the spatial distribution of deposits have been identified.

Numerical and analytical method of calculation of dynamic strength of modernized air springs for high-speed electric trains

The article presents a new design of a pneumatic suspension device for the high-speed electric train “AFROSIAB”, Uzbekistan. The authors developed a numerical-analytical method for the calculation of dynamic strength of modernized pneumatic springs for high-speed electric trains; an algorithm and a program for the Mathcad 15 programming environment were built. The design given in the article is protected by the Patent of the Republic of Uzbekistan for invention No. IAP 04632 [1].

OBJECTIVE FAULTITIVE SIGNS OF THE CRIME OF VIOLENCE AS A SIGN OF AGGRAVATING RESPONSIBILITY

In this article, in the tenth chapter of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the crimes related to "Robbery of other people's property" are defined, and among these crimes, some considerations are given about the optional signs of the crime of invasion, which is focused on its nature and social danger, and as a result of these considerations, it is recommended that the suggestions and recommendations be defined as an aggravating circumstance in the field of criminal law.

Specific features of improving automobile road complex of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Automobile and Road Complex (ARC) is a complex technical and economic system, including means of transport (automobile transport) and communications (automobile roads), united by a single goal - to provide constant safe transport of goods and people with maximum efficiency. The term “ARC” [1, 2] more objectively reflects the essence of the efficient transport process carried out by vehicles on roads. It emphasises the equivalence of the contribution of vehicles and roads to a single transport process. The problem of the efficiency of the ARC function is not only of terminological significance, but also touches on the issues of improving the efficiency of the road and motorway economy as a whole.

Creation of a three-dimensional model of a landscape of the left bank of the Akhangaran reservoir using a phontom 4 pro quadrocopter

The purpose of the work under study is to create a three-dimensional model of a landslide on a dangerous section of the left bank of the Akhangaran reservoir, which is located in the Angren district, Tashkent region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, using unmanned aerial photography. In order to display the landslide area in as much detail and accuracy as possible, aerial photography was carried out by a Phontom4 pro multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (Chinese company DJI) with a 4K camera and an object tracking function. camera DSC-RX1R with a focal length of 35 mm over an area of 162 hectares. Four 1:500 scale aerials were completed on site, with a longitudinal overlap of 70% and a transverse overlap of 50%. Aerial photography was carried out at an altitude of 70 meters. The total number of aerial photographs was 936. The length of all air routes was 122.7 km. The article examines in great detail the functions of the quadcopter, the uniqueness of its camera, which is capable of shooting video in 4K format (4096 by 2160 pixels) at a speed of 60 frames/sec, as well as taking 14 photos per second in burst mode, and at the same time broadcasting video picture to a synchronized tablet or phone. For the first time in a DJI camera of this size, a mechanical shutter is used, which allows you to shoot dynamic scenes without the “jelly effect”, and it is also noted that an improved battery with a capacity of 5350 mAh increased the drone’s flight time to almost 30 minutes. The paper notes the purpose of the Agisoft Metashape software, in which aerial photography materials were processed, and also describes the technology for creating a 3D model for the landslide section of the left bank of the Akhangaran reservoir.