Reproductive Health Of Adolescent Girls Research Articles

Сексуальное и репродуктивное здоровье девочек-подростков

Сексуальное и репродуктивное здоровье девочек-подростков

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN A LARGE INDUSTRIAL CITY

Protection of the reproductive health of adolescent girls is a priority medical and social problem. The aim of the study was to provide a scientific justification for improving the system of medical and social assistance aimed at preserving the reproductive potential of girls, taking into account the characteristics of urbanized territories. It is shown that on the industrial territory of the city, an environment is formed that hinders the formation of reproductive potential: high prevalence of unfavorable environmental, medico-biological, social and hygienic factors, a higher prevalence of somatic and gynecological pathology of adolescent girls was established. Taking into account the peculiarities of the territory allows us to develop an effective algorithm of medical, social and preventive care for the protection of reproductive health of children and adolescents.

A Qualitative Study to Explore Adolescent Girls Belief on Menstruation and Health Seeking Behavior

Background: To study issues related to menstruation and health seeking practices to address the importance of the reproductive health of adolescent girls. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Surkhet district, Province 6 of Western Nepal. Information was collected from four focus group discussions (FGDs). Two FGDs were conducted among adolescent girls and remaining two from mothers having adolescent daughters. Results: FGDs show that most of the adolescent girls were shy and anxious during menarche. Some of them could not tell their mother too. Majority of them restricted to do some activities and consume some food items during menstruation. Yet, the practice of visiting“dhami jhakri” and then only going to the health facility after the problem has become severe. Although menstruation is normal physiology, in Nepal menstruating woman is categorized as “impure”, “polluted” and victimized in the form of “Chhaupadi Pratha”. The misconception that “females touching others during their menstruation brings God’s curse to their home and families” is still rampant in Western Nepal. Conclusion: Concerned authorities should conduct health promotion activities to address menstrual hygiene and other traditional practices among adolescent girls in the Western Nepal. The findings of this study will be useful for healthcare professional and administrator to improve the reproductive health status of the adolescent.

Parental Experiences about the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescent Girls with Intellectual Disability: A Qualitative Study.

Background:Intellectually disabled persons, as compared with normal people, experience different changes during the adolescence period including the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. However, owing to their low intelligence quotient, these changes are usually accompanied by more problems and challenges. The present study was conducted to determine the experiences of parents regarding the sexual and reproductive health of educable intellectually disabled adolescent girls.Materials and Methods:This qualitative study was carried out on 52 participants (adolescent girls, parents, teachers, healthcare providers, and managers) who were selected via purposeful sampling in Isfahan between July 2016 and April 2017. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and field notes, and analyzed using conventional content analysis.Results:Five sub-categories were extracted: “unawareness about sexual needs of the adolescent girl and her potential vulnerability,” “inappropriate actions in directing the sexual behaviors of the adolescent,” “insufficient supervision and care over the adolescent's sexual health,” “inappropriate actions toward marrying off the adolescent,” and “inappropriate actions regarding the menstrual and genital health” which formed the main category of “parents' inefficiency in maintaining adolescent girls' sexual and reproductive health.”Conclusions:Based on the results, parents face different challenges about the sexual and reproductive health of intellectually disabled adolescent girls. Hence, empowering the parents especially mothers through teachers and healthcare providers with the knowledge and skills to maintain the sexual and reproductive health of intellectually disabled adolescent girls would make them emboldened to find the ability to protect themselves in different situations.

An epidemiological study of menstrual hygiene practices in school going adolescent girls from urban slums of Nalgonda, Telangana

Background: Reproductive health of adolescent girls is crucial as it determines the health of future generations. School girls when experiencing menarche find themselves in a setting without water, toilets or a supportive female teacher to explain the changes happening in their body. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess knowledge and practices about menstruation in adolescent school girls of an urban slum and to find some socio-demographic determinants of menstrual hygiene.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 6th to 10th class school going adolescent girls from an urban slum of Telangana state. A total of 300 girls participated.Results: The mean age of the students was 11.9±3.3 years. The mean age at menarche was 13.09 (95% CI: 12.07–14.11). 25.3% had acquired prior knowledge about attaining menarche. For majority (74.2%) the knowledge was imparted by their mothers. 96.9% of school girls used sanitary pads. Significant association observed between educational status and employment status of mother and usage of sanitary pads by respondent. Almost 90% of the young women faced physical complaints or health problems during menstruation. Majority (94.3%) had religious restrictions on them during the menstruation.Conclusions: Menstrual hygiene is an issue which needs to be addressed to all adolescents, with special emphasis in slum area. Lack of awareness is a roadblock in adopting safe and hygienic menstrual practices. More emphasis should be given on improving adolescent literacy for achieving hygienic menstrual practices.

Three-year monitoring of the reproductive behavior of adolescent girls

In the article, the authors raise the issue of protection of the reproductive health of adolescent girls. 50 adolescent girls, who studied in the technical and humanitarian classes of the secondary general school in Vladimir, were enrolled in the study. They had participated in the anonymous questionnaire survey for 3 years. It was found that the majority of adolescent girls had a low level of knowledge on reproductive health, as well as altered sexual behaviour (attitude toward the family, motherhood, childbirth, abortion, marriage), moreover the indicators on these issues deteriorated with the passage of time. The religious schoolgirls from families with two or more children showed the «highest» reproductive attitudes; they were negative about abortion.

Study of the knowledge regarding reproductive health among the second PUC students from the colleges of Bangalore city

Background: According to an analysis by the World Bank and WHO, reproductive ill-health accounts for over 30% of the overall burden of disease and disability among women, compared with 12% for men. Reproductive health of adolescent girls is crucial since it determines the health of future generations to come. With this in background we conducted a study to find out the difference in the knowledge among the science and the non-science students and to find the relationship between the knowledge scores regarding the reproductive health with respect to select variables.Methods: A cross sectional study was done during July 2004 and January 2005, on 600 girl students (300 each from science and non-science stream) using a pre validated self administered questionnaire amongst II PUC students.Results: 68% science students knew that RTIs can be caused by unhygienic conditions, bacterial infections, STDs and unsafe abortions when compared to only 28% non-science students who knew the cause of RTIs. 64% Science students knew that the predominant routes of HIV transmission is unsafe sex, unsterilized instruments, contaminated blood transfusion, infected mother to child as compared to only 42% non-science students.74% science students knew that STDs can be prevented by use of condoms as compared to only 44.3% non-science students.Conclusions: The science students were found to be more knowledgeable than the non-science students.

Clarifying the criteria for reproductive health counselling for adolescent girls by service providers: A qualitative study

Background: Due to the worldwide priority of adolescent reproductive health and the importance of counselling in them, the purpose of this study was to determine counselling criteria regarding the reproductive health of adolescent girls from the point of view of service providers. Methods: This is a qualitative study using content analysis method, which was conducted in 2017. Sampling method was purposeful. To collect data, 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participation of midwives and family health care professionals working in health centers. Qualitative content analysis was done. First, the primary codes were extracted from typed interviews. Then the codes were given in the form of short and meaningful concepts. The same concepts were merged and given a general title. In this way, the reproductive health counselling criteria for adolescent girls were extracted. Results: Reproductive health counselling criteria for adolescent girls was classified in five categories: counselling with educational approach, attention to the effect of intrapersonal, interpersonal and social factors on counselling goals, attention to the relationship of counselling components, attention to referral and triage system, preferential service delivery centers for counselling girls. Conclusion: Health care providers have provided several criteria for counselling services for adolescents, where attention to the coordination among criteria is of paramount importance in planning for counselling. Additional studies are recommended, especially on referral and triage system in adolescent girls’ counselling.

Early menarche: A systematic review of its effect on sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries.

BackgroundAdolescent girls aged 15–19 bear a disproportionate burden of negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. Research from several high-income countries suggests that early age at menarche is an important determinant of sexual and reproductive health. We conducted this systematic review to better understand whether and how early menarche is associated with various negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries and the implications of such associations.MethodsWe systematically searched eight health and social sciences databases for peer-reviewed literature on menarche and sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries. Two reviewers independently assessed all studies for inclusion, overall quality and risk of bias, and performed data extraction on all included studies.ResultsTwenty-four articles met all inclusion criteria–nine of moderate quality and fifteen with several methodological weaknesses. Our review of the minimal existing literature showed that early menarche is associated with early sexual initiation, early pregnancy and some sexually transmitted infections in low- and middle-income countries, similar to what has been observed in high-income countries. Early menarche is also associated with early marriage–an association that may have particularly important implications for countries with high child marriage rates.ConclusionsEarly age at menarche may be an important factor affecting the sexual and reproductive health of adolescent girls and young women in low- and middle-income countries. More research is needed to confirm the existence of the identified associations across different settings and to better understand the process through which early menarche and other markers of early pubertal development may contribute to the increased vulnerability of girls to negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. Given the association of early menarche with early marriage, ongoing efforts to reduce child marriage may benefit from targeting efforts to early maturing girls.

A study on reproductive health of adolescent girls of Dongria Kondh tribe

Background: Health problem in adolescent girls are different from the younger children and older adults. In the tribal population they are more neglected because of limited health care facilities and lack of education. In the present study we have done assessment of reproductive health status of adolescent girls in the Dongria Kondh tribe in Odisha. Methods: Dongria Kondh’ residing in Rayagada district of Odisha having its maximum concentration was studied. Bissam Cuttack block was selected randomly as the study area. Moreover, coincidently majority of the study population resided in the block having villages like Kurli, Khambesi, Hundijali, Muthesi, Khajuri, Mundabali and Uppar Gandatallli which are situated as a distance of 5000 ft height above sea level. 89 adolescent girls were considered Schedule of general information of the family, schedule cum questionnaire on KAP on reproductive health and Lab investigation done among study subjects for prevalence of HIV/AIDS was done. Results: About 75% of adolescent girls had regular menstruation. Dysmenorhoea was present in 13% of girls. All girls are poor menstrual hygiene.84% of adolescent girls knew about menstruation from their friends. About 61% were not aware about physical changes in pregnancy. Conclusions: Counseling of adolescent girls and their mothers on sexual hygiene should be done by AWW/HWF. Health care delivery system to be strengthened by training and capacity building of AWW/HWF.

Reproductive health awareness among adolescent girls of a government school in an urban slum of Pune City

Introduction: Reproductive health of adolescent girls is crucial in determining the health of future generations. For ensuring informed decisions by adolescents regarding their sexuality and reproductive health, National AIDS Control Organisation has introduced life skills education in school curriculum. However, there exist many roadblocks in implementation from theory to practice. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the reproductive health awareness and most preferred source of information. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among girls of classes VI–XII of a Government High School in an urban slum of Maharashtra. Two hundred and fifty girls participated; 39 questionnaires were incomplete, hence 211 responses were analyzed. All girls were educated about reproductive health and life skills issues after the study. Results: Mean age of the participant girls was 14.9 ± 1.75 years. The level of awareness improved significantly with increase in class of respondent (P 0.05). Eighty percent of them were unaware of the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics in both the genders. Less than 30% of the girls were aware of contraceptives. Regarding effects of premarital sex, 57% of the participants were concerned about bringing a bad name to themselves and their family, while reproductive tract infections (9%), HIV/AIDS (29%), were cited as other ill effects. Seventy percent felt comfortable discussing or confiding regarding reproductive health issues with friends rather than parents, teachers, or medical professionals. Conclusion: Knowledge and awareness about reproductive and sexual health issues among adolescent girls was dismal.

Adolescent Girls in Tamil Nadu – An Overview

‘Adolescence’ implies the developmental transition from childhood to adulthood, a time period when many important social, economic, biological, and demographic events set the stage for adult life. The study provides an overall synopsis of the health status of adolescent girls in Tamil Nadu, highlights their vulnerabilities and obstacles in accessing opportunities and services. In this study, the authors ascertain information from the latest NFHS-4 (2016) with special focus on three areas namely, the Nutrition, the Sanitation & Hygiene and the Sexual & Reproductive health of adolescent girls. The study emphasizes to explore the innovative strategies for behavioural change by harnessing ICT avenues like Mobile App, in the changing social context of youngster’s lifestyle. Sensitive subjects like Nutrition, Menstruation, Sexual & Reproductive health related facts can be effectively disseminated through Mobile app alerts or SMS – thus, ‘Smartphone’ as an instrument for behaviour change. Adolescent girls in the state face many hindrances and barriers in ensuring positive adolescence outcomes at individual, family, and community level. Hence, the study recommends for a dedicated state sponsored scheme for adolescent girls with proactive role of professional social workers.

A cross-sectional study to assess awareness about menstruation in adolescent girls of an urban slum in western Maharashtra.

Reproductive health of adolescent girls is crucial as it determines the health of future generations. School girls when experiencing menarche find themselves in a setting without water, toilets or a supportive female teacher to explain the changes happening in their body. An important concern for adolescent girls is to have adequate, correct knowledge along with facilities and the cultural environment to manage menstruation hygienically and with dignity. Hence, the present study was done to assess knowledge and practices about menstruation in adolescent school girls of an urban slum. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among girls of a Government School located in an urban slum of western Maharashtra. A total of 250 girls participated. Data collection was through a pilot-tested questionnaire. The data thus collected were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the SPSS 20 software. All girls were educated about menstrual hygiene after the study. The mean age of the students was 14.9±1.75 years. The mean age at menarche was 11.97 (95% CI: 11.94-11.99). It was observed that only half (56.4%) had acquired prior knowledge about attaining menarche. Out of these in a large proportion, the knowledge was imparted to them by their mothers (60.7%), followed by friends (31.8%). There was no significant association between educational status of mother and awareness in respondent about menstruation. Regarding the organ of menstrual blood flow, half (50.7%) knew the correct answer (i.e. uterus); whereas the rest believed that it was stomach/kidney, etc. Most of the school girls (90.5%) used sanitary pads. Almost 90% of the young women faced physical complaints or health problems during menstruation. Most of the participants had some kind of restrictions on them during the menstruation and most of these were religious restrictions (69.7%) followed by physical (41.2%) and social restrictions (22.3%). All of them were unsatisfied with the toilets and hand washing facilities available inside the school premises. Correct knowledge in adolescent young girls regarding menstruation is lacking. Lack of awareness is a roadblock in adopting safe and hygienic menstrual practices. It also hinders them from overcoming traditional beliefs, misconceptions and restrictions regarding menstruation. This will empower them as they transition into womanhood.

Reproductive behavior and reproductive health of adolescent girls of the Kyrgyz republic

From results of voluntary anonymous survey conducted found that sexual debut among adolescent girls Kyrgyzstan held for 14 years in 42,3%, while 43,5% had pregnancy, 98,0% from them have interrupted data pregnancy. The mostly terminating pregnancies in Bishkek, using medical abortion. Endocrine pathology in adolescent girls is an average 48,0%.

Menstrual Irregularity and Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome among Adolescent Girls—A 2 Year Follow-up Study

To study the clinical outcome after a gap of 2 years, among adolescent girls with confirmed menstrual irregularity and with or without ultrasound diagnosed polycystic ovaries. 136 adolescent girls from a cohort of 301 girls between 15 and 17 years of age with confirmed menstrual irregularity, with or without ultrasound diagnosed polycystic ovaries, were assessed in detail after a gap of 2 years. Present menstrual history and symptoms as well as signs of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were recorded, apart from ultrasound scanning of abdomen. PCOS was diagnosed using Rotterdam's consensus criteria and a comparative analysis was done among cases with and without PCOS. In the phase-II study done after a gap of 2 years, there was a statistically significant lower percentage of irregularities in menses, acne and enlarged thyroid, but a statistically significant increase in hirsuitism as compared to Phase-I study. Of the 136 cases reported, 36.0% cases were found to have PCOS and 63.9% cases were normal. Comparison of the two groups showed a statistically significant higher percentage difference in prevalence of irregular menses (59.9%), hirsuitism (56.3%), acne (17.8%), obesity (17.3%), polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (47.8%) and clinical hyperandrogenism (56.1%) among those with PCOS as against those without PCOS. The results of this study support screening for menstrual irregularity, obesity and signs of clinical hyperandrogenism for early diagnosis of PCOS in an effort to improve the reproductive health of adolescent girls.

Adolescent gynecology: problems and perspectives in the XXI century

At the turn of the century in Russia have negative demographic trends. The reproductive potential of the country has been steadily declining in both quantitative and qualitative terms. Formation of the level of reproductive health of adolescent girls and determine the level of Russian life, family well-being of parents and the socio-cultural characteristics of the region's population live. The main problem Gynecology childhood and adolescence in terms of the formation of the reproductive potential of the country are infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitals, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, hyperandrogenism and adolescent pregnancy. The essential contribution to the complex decision of these problems at population level brings expansion of use of modern hormonal contraceptives . It is necessary to provide teenagers with the adequate information on contraception, as a way of the prevention of abortion and a delay of desired pregnancy and its positive influence on reproductive health. Adolescent gynecology should be a priority area of ​​national health care, but today, beginning with adolescence, we can use the capabilities of modern contraception for real maintenance in population scale individualized preparing for pregnancy for each woman's referred on planning of pregnancy in a fully endometrium.

KEBIASAAN MAKAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PUTRI DI KABUPATEN BOGOR

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.7pt .0001pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.8pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">This research aims </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">to study (1) food habits of adolescent girls; (2) the adolescent girls’ efforts in taking care of and obtaining reproductive health; and (3) the relation between food habits, school level, parent’s education level, and social economics level of family </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">toward</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">reproductive health of adolescent girls. This research </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s a cross-sectional study executed in class level of 1 and 2 of SMA Negeri I and SMP Negeri I of Dramaga District, in Bogor Regency in which 3 classes of each level so that totalize 12 classes. The number </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">of </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">subject </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s 169 adolescent girls. The data was collected by interviews and filling up questioners on May through June 2008. The research result show</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">ed</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> that food habit between adolescent girls of SMP and SMA </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s not different and both have not yet meet PUGS, especially still less in number consume of rice, animal products and plain water. Strive in overcoming the sigh appearance nearing and during menstruation which is often done by adolescent girls </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">we</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">re by keeping it quiet, body massages, and lay down. Variables of eating frequency together with habitual of eating fruits, animal products, and sour or hot food during menstruation are significantly related with reproductive health of adolescent girls.</span><em></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.7pt .0001pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p>

Reproductive Health of Adolescent Girls Perinatally Infected With HIV

We sought to describe the reproductive health of adolescent girls perinatally infected with HIV. We estimated the incidence of first pregnancy, genital infections, and abnormal cervical cytology for 638 girls aged 13 years and older in the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 219C. Thirty-eight girls became pregnant, for a first pregnancy rate of 18.8/1000 person-years; 7 of these girls had additional pregnancies (95% confidence interval [CI]=13.3, 25.7). Thirty-two pregnancies resulted in live births. All girls received antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. One infant was HIV infected, 29 were uninfected, and 2 had unknown infection status, for a rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in infants with known infection status of 3.3% (95% CI=0.1, 18.6). Condylomata and trichomoniasis were the most frequent genital infections. Forty-eight (47.5%) of 101 girls with Papanicolaou test examinations had abnormal cervical cytology, including atypical cells of undetermined significance (n=18), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL; n=27), and high-grade SIL (n=3). Many abnormalities persisted despite intervention. Pregnancy rates were lower and cervical abnormalities were higher than among non-HIV-infected adolescents. These findings underscore the importance of Papanicolaou tests and promotion of safer sexual practices in this population.

Somatic and reproductive health of adolescent girls

The purpose of our study is to study the incidence, extragenital pathology, the degree of physical and sexual development of vocational school students of the sewing profile.