Representatives Of Different Professions Research Articles

Краткая версия Шкалы аутентичности в отношениях: психометрическая проверка в российской культуре

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective</strong>. Psychometric validation of the Russian-language short version of the Authenticity in Relationships Scale (AIRS), which allows you to assess the degree of authenticity in various contexts: partners, parents, friends and colleagues. <br><strong>Background.</strong> The basis of close relationships as an absolute value for different cultures is honest self-presentation, which contributes to a person’s psychological well-being and increases satisfaction with communication. Authentic relationships include unacceptability of deception and intimate risk taking. In authentic relationships, there should be no desire to produce and maintain ideas about oneself and one’s partner that do not correspond to reality. They also imply a desire for more open, close communication, i.e., revealing one’s real self to another person. To measure this quality, the Authenticity in Relationships Scale was developed in the USA and GB, which has not yet been subjected to systematic psychometric testing, although there are no analogues to this instrument in Russia, which determined the relevance of this study. <strong>Study design.</strong> Standard psychometric validation of the methodology was carried out for each of the four contexts: partners, parents, friends, colleagues. The Cronbach coefficient alpha was analyzed on the full sample of respondents; half of the respondents’ answers were selected for exploratory factor analysis, the other half for confirmatory factor analysis. <br><strong>Participants.</strong> The study involved 449 respondents aged 18 to 60 years (10% male, 90% female; average age – 27 years (min = 17, max = 60)). The study participants are Russian–speaking citizens of the Russian Federation, representatives of different professions. <br><strong>Measurements.</strong> The main method was a short version of the Authenticity in Relationships Scale, which included 10 statements for each context. Data were collected online using the 1ka.si service. Jamovi (v. 2.3.21.0) was used for data processing. <br><strong>Results.</strong> The scale is applicable only to the context of a romantic relationship. For other contexts, the original model has not been confirmed. <br><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The methodology can be applied in research and in psychological counseling to study the authenticity level of romantic relationships. The scale's applicability to other social contexts requires further testing.</p>

A RETROSPECTIVE OF PILGRIMAGE LITERATURE AS A COMMUNICATION GUIDE TO THE WORLD OF SACRED CULTURE

The purpose of the article is to examine the pilgrimage genre in literature as a social and communication guide in the world of contemporary sacred culture from a communication perspective. Different types of guidebooks are considered, i.e., interviews, travelogues, diaries, records, review texts, memoirs, notes, and pilgrimage travel notes are given as a necessary communication tool during a pilgrimage. The research methodology consists of descriptive (using observation and interpretation techniques), historical and literary, and biographical methods of analyzing pilgrimage literature. The author used the analytical-descriptive method, which consists in the selection, description and analysis of data; the system-structural method helped to arrange the works of different genres and apply them according to the subject in chronological order, reproducing the logical sequence of the material presented. The scientific novelty of the article involves expanding the concept of pilgrimage and the pilgrimage genre in literature as a social and communication guide to the world of contemporary sacred culture based on pilgrimage guides, diaries, memoirs, pilgrimage notes, and other sacred literature. Conclusions. In the article, the author examines the multi-genre works of pilgrimage literature as a communication guide to the sacred world in order to encourage the transformation from a book or a movie to a real pilgrimage for those who have such an opportunity. The article analyzes pilgrimage records, guidebooks, diaries, travelogues, novels, novellas, short stories, and pilgrimage notes to study pilgrimage from a communication perspective for different categories of pilgrims. As a rule, various categories of pilgrims and representatives of different professions go on sacred journeys, and then they write memoirs, pilgrimage texts, songs, scripts for future plays and films, and artists reproduce all details in artworks, and thus pilgrimage penetrates all spheres of an individual’s cultural life, which indicates the highly spiritual component of such journeys. Before going on a pilgrimage, you need to prepare thoroughly, both physically and spiritually, so that guides allow you to follow the trail of others and then plan your sacred journey relatively well. You will never return from a pilgrimage the same as you were before because such travels utterly change the vector of your life. Observing different groups of pilgrims, we can conclude that they all have one thing in common: spiritual enrichment, purification from sins and temptations, and the achievement of catharsis, which will be present in the everyday life of each of us for as long as possible. These works can keep living in ideas for film scripts about pilgrimage, thus expanding their socio-cultural horizons.

Teacher’s Agency as an Indicator of Leadership Potential Development

Nonlinearity, multi-contextuality, new normality, constant variability of the modern world are reflected in politics, economics, education and other spheres of human life. Professional and personal self-determination and orientation of a person is difficult in a situation of diversity of various social environments and spaces, functional and semantic uncertainty of educational contexts. In this regard, the importance in the field of education is acquired by the teacher’s transprofessionalism, his ability to continuously develop, independently build interaction with the multifunctional environment, showing his agency as one of the indicators of leadership potential development. The purpose of the study is to operationalize the content of the concept of the teacher’s agency and its manifestation as an indicator of the development of leadership potential, taking into account the ongoing changes in the modern world. Methodology. The understanding of the essence of the terms “agency” and “leadership potential” of the teacher was carried out using the method of semantic analysis of their interpretations available in domestic and foreign sources. The use of activity-based and acmeological approaches is due to the need to determine the key mechanism for implementing the teacher’s agency in the comparison of significant categories (agency, leadership and management). General scientific research methods were used: theoretical analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization of scientific literature on the research topic. Results. Connectivism (social polyvalence) is proposed as the main mechanism for the manifestation of the teacher’s agency as a teacher’s ability to find and maintain conditions, forms, ways and means of communication with representatives of different professions, social groups and statuses, beliefs, ages for organizing joint actions, events, productive activities. This made it possible to establish the key role of agency in the development of a teacher’s leadership potential – the creation of an atmosphere of cooperation within and outside the educational organization. Conclusion. The conclusion is made that the teacher, as a carrier and subject of public relations, needs to develop his agency and leadership potential, respectively, for orientation and adaptation in a changing world in the interests of sustainable development of regions and the country as a whole.

ASSESSMENT OF PROFESSIONAL LIFE QUALITY AND RESILIENCE OF MEDICAL STAFF WORKING AT MILITARY TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION FACILITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR IN UKRAINE

Introduction. With the beginning of full-scale Russian aggression, the situation with mental health in Ukraine has significantly worsened. Medical workers who work with combatants during their treatment and rehabilitation are affected by secondary traumatic stress and also face a high level of professional stress, which can lead to a decrease in work efficiency and deterioration of health. Regular monitoring of professional life quality and timely implementation of measures aimed at increasing resilience level is extremely important for the successful professional activity of medical personnel who provide assistance to combatants. Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the professional life quality and resilience level of medical personnel in military treatment and rehabilitation facilities. Materials and Methods. 54 medical workers aged from 21 to 70 (average age – 39.1 ± 12.5) years participated in the study, among whom 70.4% were women and 29.6% were men. The respondents' work experience ranged from 1.5 to 53 years and averaged 18.0 ± 13.3 years. The majority of respondents (44.4%) were representatives of multidisciplinary hospitals. Among the survey participants, 27.8% were doctors, 16.6% were nurses, and 55.6% were other medical workers (nursing assistants, rehabilitation specialists). An online survey of participants was conducted using Google Forms. A questionnaire was developed consisting of several sections: the first section was an independently developed questionnaire that included biographical data of the participants; the second section was devoted to the study of the professional life quality of medical workers using the ProQOL-Health method; the third section was aimed at establishing the level of resilience according to the Connor-Davidson scale. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Excel program. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis methods were used. Results. Medical personnel in military treatment and rehabilitation facilities predominantly have an average level of resilience, both among all respondents altogether and in separate groups of men, women, and medical workers of different specialties, with a tendency for lower scores among women. All respondents had average scores on the scales “Perceived Support,” “Professional Burnout,” “Secondary Traumatic Stress,” and “Moral Distress.” In the group of nurses, the scores of perceived support tended to decrease, while secondary traumatic stress, professional burnout, and moral distress tended to increase. A difference was found with regard to “Compassion Satisfaction” among representatives of different professions. Physicians had a high level of compassion satisfaction; nurses and other healthcare workers had a medium level of compassion satisfaction, with nurses having the lowest level among others. Conclusions. The assessment of the professional life quality of medical workers in military treatment and rehabilitation facilities shows that nurses are the most vulnerable category of personnel and have higher scores of professional burnout, moral distress, and secondary traumatic stress and lower scores of compassion satisfaction and perceived support. Medical workers with a higher level of resilience have higher scores of compassion satisfaction and perceived support. Persons with a lower level of resilience are more prone to professional burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and moral distress

Миграция “цифровых кочевников”: глобальные тренды и позиции стран

The practice of working online that has become widespread in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and unstable geopolitical situation in the world in the last years, has shown representatives of different professions, incomes, ages, and life situations an opportunity to live in one state and at the same time work in another, to experience even freer and easier lifestyle, change their location several times a year. New generation of such professionals is more mobile, as they tend to move more often through state borders seeking for the most attractive place for relocation in the momentum, using alternative methods to transfer capital, and working via the Internet. In many states, the status of remote workers has rapidly received a legal implementation, so now they can be identified as “digital nomads”. Immigration programs often allow highly qualified and efficient online workers to be legalized in a new host country literally by a simplified procedure: the key criteria are their level of earnings and the lack of a prior criminal record, which opens a variety of directions for “nomads”. Although each region and country is attractive to foreign workers in its own way, “digital nomadism” poses a number of risks for travelers: the rapid and serious increase in the number of “remote workers” is forcing government agencies in many countries to be more careful in revising already approved migration and other requirements for “digital nomads” and their families. Nevertheless, it cannot be ruled out that in the near future, a race between some of the most forward-looking countries may begin in order to attract the most qualified and wealthy foreign professionals, which will entail the formation of more attractive conditions for “remote workers” in these countries.

Субъективная семантика представлений о творчестве у курсантов-психологов

Background. The necessity of studying perceptions of creativity in psychology cadets is conditioned by the fact that the “soft” skill of creativity is associated with the ability to go beyond the given conditions and to act effectively in uncertain situations, and also by the fact that the successful adaptation of a young specialist to work depends on whether his perceptions of his activity coincide with its real content. Objectives. The research is meant to identify the peculiarities of representations of creativity in psychology cadets at the adept stage. Study Participants. A total of 201 people (122 men and 79 women) participated in the study, including representatives of different professions: working professionals and trainees, students and cadets. The average age of the sample was 31 years. Methods. Psychosemantic methods were used in the study: group associative experiment and card sorting method. They allow to construct a subjective semantic space reflecting the peculiarities of perceptions of creativity. Results. As a result of the associative experiment, a list of 86 frequent words describing professional activity was obtained. Sorting of the obtained 86 words by cadet psychologists, psychology students, and psychologists of the scientific platoon revealed significant differences in the content and structure of representations of creativity. Comparison of the semantics of creativity in psychologists at the adept stage shows that university students have a more complex structure of representations in comparison with cadets, connected with the allocation of a separate cluster “hobby, interest, development” and at the same time similar in content to the representations of working psychologists on the proximity of “labor, work” with creativity. At the same time, the similarity of clusters in the description of creativity by students and cadets indicates that the ideas about it are laid down at the early stages of professional training. Conclusions. Reconstruction of subjective semantics of creativity by the method of semantic spaces in psychology cadets is a promising qualitative description method for specific characteristics of professional activity.

Communication in a Medical Emergency: The Influence of Intergroup Communication on Frontline Healthcare Workers’ Mental Health

Hospitals involve a complex socio-technical health system, where communication failures influence the quality of patient care. Research indicates the importance of social identity and intergroup relationships articulated through power, control, status and competition. In particular, Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) is clinical workplaces in which doctors are involved in many social groups, including representatives of different professions, clinical specialities and workplace teams under crisis handling condition. A web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out between 1 and 12 December 2022 on a Jakarta area sample of 53 HCWs in Indonesia. The study questionnaire included 7 questions on the mental health of HCWs post-COVID-19 crisis and was analysed using Leximancer (text mining software) and interpretation of major themes. Findings indicated that intergroup conflict is a central influence on communication. Contested responsibilities emerged from a model of care driven by single-speciality professional identity and professionalism may be viewed in terms of self-categorisation rather than simply attainment. The salience of different identities may be considered as influences on teamwork and interprofessional learning, and issues in communication and assessment may be considered in terms of intergroup biases. These results contribute to the growing literature on communication organization and offer new practical insights on how to improve overall efficiency and work performance under crisis conditions.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ БУДУЩИХ ПЕДАГОГОВ СРЕДСТВАМИ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

In the conditions of market relations, representatives of different professions, including teachers, compete. The competition covers different aspects of pedagogical activity: tutoring, teaching in online schools, courses using remote teaching. The difficulty of promoting educational services is that the teacher has to do it on his own. For the formation of competitiveness, a teacher needs deep academic, professional and practical training, expanding the range ofprofessional skills. In the conditions of a university, it is important to train future teachers to be able to present and promote their services on the market independently. The formation of a teacher’s competitiveness includes the development of cognitive, motivational, moral and aesthetic, activity and practical spheres of personality. The main principle of the work on educating a competitive personality of a teacher is to create an atmosphere of competitiveness, ranking the achievements of students. To develop the competitiveness of the teacher, the use of information and computer technologies is effective. These include: creating multimedia presentations, creating communities in social networks where experienced marketers teach students how to promote their own educational services. Students create their own blogs to promote educational services. The result of this work is an increasing number of students working in their specialty.

Совершенствование профессионально значимых качеств личности специалистов в системе повышения квалификации кадров

The article reveals the problem of the formation and development of professionally significant qualities of the personality of specialists in the context of the tasks of the system of advanced training of personnel. This task in the studies of modern scientists (S.N. Begizhova, G.V. Koloshina, O.A. Mosina, Yu.V. Sorokopud, etc.) is presented as important in the context of continuous professional development and self-development of representatives of different professions. Its solution within the framework of the personnel development system is justified as socially and personally significant; provided with a psychological and pedagogical theoretical and methodological basis for certain groups of qualities; methodologically and technologically presented in rare studies that consider this issue in relation to specific organizational forms of advanced training. The aim of the work was to determine the set of organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving the professionally significant qualities of the personality of specialists in the system of advanced training of personnel, taking into account the organizational and content variability of this system. To achieve it, methods of theoretical analysis, generalization and modeling were used, which made it possible to systematize and concretize information regarding the structure of professionally significant personality traits of specialists and the conditions for their improvement. The works of modern scientists in the field of the essence, structure, composition of professionally significant personality traits among representatives of different professions (on the example of professions of the “man-man” type) made it possible to single out two structural elements - characterological and motivational qualities, and confirmed the expediency and possibility of their conjugated formation and development . Researches of scientists in the field of principles and methods of development of personal qualities, abilities, motives and value orientations, as well as in the field of organizational features and targets of various forms of advanced training of personnel determined the structure of organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving professionally significant qualities of the personality of specialists, including groups of invariant (mainly , methodological) and variable (mainly organizational and methodological) conditions.

How well mental health workers are motivated: A case study from Croatia

Like the other medical professions, mental health workers need appropriate motivation for effective treatment work. This study aims to determine the motivators and assess working conditions of mental health workers and how they differ from the motivators and working conditions of other health workers on the example of one of the largest hospital institutions in Croatia – University Hospital Centre Zagreb. The study chose a survey method and distributed a questionnaire among 124 Zagreb University Hospital Centre health workers. The sample covers about 16% of the entire medical staff of the observed departments (psychiatry, emergency, microbiology, gynecology, anesthesiology, COVID-19 unit, and orthopedic surgery). The ANOVA method was used to detect differences in data groups. The results show that Croatian mental health workers are mainly motivated extrinsically. However, compared to other medical professions, e.g., gynecologists, orthopedists, or anesthesiologists, they are upper-middle motivated and leaders in several motivators. Observed Croatian mental health workers are more satisfied with their patient interactions than their colleagues. Female mental health workers are more motivated but less satisfied with the working conditions than males. The study showed that even in one medical institution, there are significant differences in the needs of representatives of different professions. The paper concludes that mental health workers have different motivations, which can be satisfied by creating appropriate working conditions. AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the COST Action CA19113 «The European Researchers’ Network Working on Second Victims» (ERNST) for short-term scientific mission grant and supporting this study; staff of University Hospital Centre Zagreb for participating in the survey; and the Hauge School of Management of the NLA University College (Kristiansand, Norway) for supporting this publication.

Темпоральная парадигма в концепции Ю.К. Стрелкова (К 80-летию со дня рождения)

Background. Modern development of psychological science in the field of studying work processes and formation of professional skills is impossible without reliance on the fundamental theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of temporal paradigm developed by Y.K. Strelkov. It is important to analyze the temporal approach in the context of understanding subjectivity not only in relation to the category of time, but also to other important concepts, such as space, energy, movement, which are inseparable from the consciousness and experience of the subject. Objective. The article aims to analyze the development of the main directions of Y.K. Strelkov's scientific thought in the formation of the temporal paradigm of modern psychological science. Another aim is to determine the ways of development of the temporal approach in the context of modern psychological knowledge. Methods. Theoretical, methodological, and comparative analysis of the temporal paradigm of Y.K. Strelkov in the context of modern psychological science. Sample. The material was obtained on a sample of representatives of different professions: aviators, navigators, pilots, drivers, operators, dispatchers, and athletes of various qualifications. Results. Scientific and methodological bases of Y.K. Strelkov's concept formed the basis for the development of engineering psychology, occupational psychology, psychology of sport, transport psychology, psychology of professional skill development. It has laid the basic scientific and philosophical foundations, key concepts of the temporal paradigm in psychology, empirical approaches and research methods in the evaluation of temporal phenomena. Examples of the important role of temporal analysis in different professions are demonstrated. The necessity to elaborate and develop many psychological concepts, models, concepts used in modern psychological science was shown. Conclusion. Further development of modern psychological knowledge in the field of studying professional mastery is possible within the framework of Y.K. Strelkov's temporal paradigm. The ideas formulated by Yuri Konstantinovich formed the basis of modern multifunctional diagnostic-developmental complexes of professional development. Operational and semantic structures of professional experience served as a methodological basis for the concept of "system image representation" in the development of professional skills in athletes.

Noise level and impact research on representatives of different professions employed in an open and closed space

This study includes, based on labor safety principles and standards, a study of one of the most important physical factors, noise levels and impacts, in open and closed public places. It is known that the physical factor of noise contributes to the formation of a harmful work environment and has a negative impact on the representatives of various professions, increases the risk of psychophysiological overload and reduces the ability to work.

Collaborative Learning for Professional Development: A Review of Research Methods and Instruments

This paper analyzes teacher collaboration research studies based on the research methods and tools used in these studies. As a researchmethodology, 36 studies were systematically collected from research databases such as EBSCO, ERIC, and search engines such as GoogleScholar, based on the selection criteria and themes. Across the studies, they were analyzed using thematic data analysis. According to thefindings, collaborative dimensions and activities, teachers’ beliefs and perceptions on their collaboration, teachers’ room to communicate,teacher-to-teacher dialogue, the way teachers work together, and collaborative attitudes are factors in developing research methods andtools used in previous studies of teacher collaboration in schools. Furthermore, previous studies have included various participants such asadministrators, teachers, staff members in schools, parents, families, community members and school board members. Informal collaboration,professional learning experience and peer collaboration, school culture, social networks, leadership and school management teams,sustainability in financial and physical conditions of schools and well-planned in-service teacher education programs based on collaborativeknowledge creation are factors that influence teacher collaboration. Different conceptual frameworks and instruments have been usedto describe teacher collaboration, such as the Teacher Collaboration Improvement Framework (TCIF), the Community of Practice (CoP), theTeacher Collaboration Assessment Survey (TCAS) and the Professional Learning Community-Revised (PLCR) instrument. According to thefindings, more research on the term “interprofessional collaboration” in the field of teacher education is required because collaborationbetween representatives of different professions is now essential for school improvement. The findings of this study have the potential tocontribute to future research in teacher collaboration and interprofessional collaboration in education.

ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД УПРОВАДЖЕННЯ МЕДІАЦІЇ В НОТАРІАЛЬНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ

The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in the implementation of mediation in notarial activities. The concepts of “mediation” and “mediator” in the national legislation are analyzed and the problem of the lack of a unified approach to endowing representatives of different professions with the powers of a mediator is singled out. It is noted that, as a general rule, the opinion of scholars is focused on the expediency of empowering lawyers, judges and notaries to conduct mediation. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of studying foreign experience, due to changes in the legislation on notaries, according to which notaries have the right to mediate, provided they undergo basic training as a mediator. The positions of the Council of Notaries of the European Union and the European Commission on the effectiveness of justice have been taken into account, according to which, by their legal nature, notary representatives can play a crucial role in the mediation procedure. It has been established that with the trust of the public, they can use their legal knowledge and hearing skills in the dispute resolution process. It is determined that the peculiarities of the introduction of mediation by a professional lawyer in different countries depend on the legal status, education and other requirements for representatives of the legal professions. The experience of Austria, Germany, Spain, France, Belgium, Georgia, Poland and other countries is analyzed. It is concluded that the introduction of mediation into the national legal system by a notary is a positive step, as he is a qualified, impartial, neutral and independent lawyer. It is emphasized that the participation of a notary as a mediator in the settlement of a conflict (dispute) ensures the legality of the procedure, its voluntariness, the reliability of explanations and other information that the parties receive in the process of joint decision-making. There is a tendency to lack a single clear approach to the regulation of the powers of a notary mediator and the procedure for notarial mediation. The most optimal options for the development of notarial mediation are proposed, related to the authority to conduct mediation, develop and certify an agreement based on the results of mediation.

Socio-economical aspects of higher education choice of Kazakhstani school graduates

During 30 years of independence, Kazakhstan has transformed the market of educational services institutionally and conducted considerable legislative and financial reforms. The policy of national and state universities in the last decade has become aimed at increasing admission of self-funded graduates. The article presents the main results of the research in the choice of HEI and the access to quality edu- cation for children from families with different income level. During research was conducted interview with parents of school graduates. Sample was 100 respondents. The composition of families was varied: large families, divorced, single parents, married etc. The interviewees were representatives of different professions, different levels of education, and socio-economic status. The aim of the research was to study the process of formation socio-economically determined higher education choice by school gradu- ates in Kazakhstan. The study of this problem contributing to understand overall dynamics of the changes taking place in Kazakhstan education system. The obtained scientific results provide relevant and reli- able information to reduce and eliminate barriers specific to young people of «underprivileged» groups in Kazakhstan. The conclusions and recommendations presented in this paper are applicable in planning of vocational career guidance among high school graduates and school graduates, the organization of information work of the admission board, preparation of normative legal acts and state programs in the sphere of higher education. Key words: higher education, access to education, economic barriers, higher educational institu-tions, professional choice.

Expansion of Health Networks as a Building Block of a Functioning Health Landscape

A health network is made up of institutions and organizations, resources, and people whose main purpose is to promote and improve health. The health care system in Germany is self-administering and is managed by multiple institutions and stakeholders which entails different organizations involved in the running of the health care as well as the structure of the health care system. The health care system is composed of three main areas: 1) outpatient care services, 2) inpatient care, 3) rehabilitation institutions. Some of the organizations and institutions that are mandated to run the health system include associations and representatives of different professions and service providers, regulatory bodies, health insurance companies, the Federal Ministry of Health, self-help groups, and patient-centered organizations. The German health care system is made up of four main principles: 1) compulsory insurance, 2) the principle of solidarity, 3) financing through insurance premiums, 4) selfgovernance. The goal of health care networks is to improve the overall performance of the health care systems concerning: 1) economic efficiency, 2) quality of health care services, 3) medical innovation, 4) as well as patient satisfaction.

ТЕРМІНИ НА ПОЗНАЧЕННЯ ОСІБ В ЮРИДИЧНІЙ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ БРИТАНСЬКОГО ТА АМЕРИКАНСЬКОГО ВАРІАНТІВ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ

The article is devoted to the research of Briitsh and American English juridical terms designating persons. This is the most numerous thematic group of juridical terms among others including terms designating different branches of law, terms denoting types of different insitutions of the sphere, types of legal documents, stages of legal procedures, procedural norms, types of crimes, offences, punishments in particular. The group of juridical terms designating persons is not homogeneous semantically. It consists of terms denoting representatives of different professions of the sphere, persons with assigned juridical rights or duties, criminals who break the law. Many of these terms have the same meanings in British and American variants of the English language. That is why they are called equivalent for both variants. Most of these terms are of Franco-Latin origin, as they were borrowed from Latin into Old French and from it into Middle and New English. So they appeared in the British English and penetrated into American one later. Some terms in the analyzed thematic group have synonymous or nearly synonymous meanings represented by different forms in British and American variants of the English language. The analyzed group also comprises other types of terms. Such terms are not equal in meanings or their shades. That is why they are called non-equivalent terms for analyzed variants of the English language. The categorial semes of their meanings are the same or practically the same in both variants. The differential semes of meanings of these terms can differ not only qualitatively, but also quantitavely. Their quality reveals in the shades of meanings or their differences. Quantitative differences reveal in widening of the denotative meaning of the term in one variant of the English language (British or American) and its narrowing in another variant correspondently. Most of non-equivalent terms from the analyzed thematic group have nationally marked semes. Such semes reveal and characterize national and cultural peculiarities of the development of British and American legal and juridical system somehow.

Вклад предприятий и учреждений Ленинграда в подготовку первого полета человека в космос

Participation of Leningrad scientists, industrial workers and representatives of other institutions of this city in creation of various components of machines and technical products which assisted in realization of historical space flight of the first manned spacecraft ―Vostok‖ with the citizen of the USSR, major Yury Alekseevich Gagarin has been analyzed in the article. Leningrad citizens – representatives of different professions and specialties, such as opticians, biophysicists, specialties of radio and telecommunication engineering, mathematicians and scientists of gas dynamics, chemistry, digital machinery and others participated in preparation of the first space flight. The author of the article mentions such Leningrad enterprises, scientific establishments and higher institutions as Leningrad metal plant, M.I. Kalinin’s plant, mathematical institute named after V.A. Steklov AS USSR, physical-technological institute named after A.F. Yoffe AS USSR, State optical institute named after S.I. Vavilov, SRI-195, now the Institute of radio navigation and time, State institute of applied chemistr y, AUSRI of Television, special design offices (OKB-448, STKB ―Biophyspribor‖). The role of Leningrad higher institutions, namely Petr Velikyi Polytechnic University, Leningrad University named after A.A. Zhdanov; Leningrad holding the Order of the Red Banner Air Force Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky has also been emphasized in the considered processes. It has been analyzed technological innovations, technical devices and techn ological decisions of Leningrad citizens participated in preparation and reali zation of the first manned space flight. It is named those scientists and industrial workers who partic ipated in their production as well as those who were awarded State Prizes according to the results of Yu. A. Gagarin’s space flight. It has been mentioned that in definite cases necessary for the flight technics or technical devices were manufactured at the enterprises of the city and tested at the plants ground. Such specific form of Leningrad citizens’ participation in preparing the first manned space flight as the work of one of the teachers from the Air Force Academy aimed at the radio techniques training the Orenburg flight school cadets in the second half 0f 1950s has also been described in the article. Just at that time Yury Gagarin studied in this school.

PROSODIC MARKERS OF THE SPEAKER'S SOCIAL STATUS

Diversity of forms and kinds of speech communication and variability of national and regional accents in contemporary English define the necessity of phonetic variation study of oral speech and clearing up its sources. The speaker's accent indicates his social status (social class, education, religious, ethnic, professional affiliation). The present article is dedicated to the study of the speaker's social status prosodic markers. Complex prosodic investigation of speech behavior of the Australian native speech representatives of different professions has been conducted in the paper. The comparison of the revealed data allowed to state that the highest prosodic index is registered in the actress's speech and the lowest in the speech of the politician. Frequency range is correspondingly the widest in actress's speech, which can witness the high tonetic explication of female voice. The received by acoustic method intonograms allowed to speak about maximum frequency localization on the terminal tone in the speech of all the investigated informants. Corresponding to the aim and tasks of the paper prosodic markers of various professions of Australians have been defined. Prosodic markers of Australian politician are the following moderate pausation, which is revealed in speech delimitation average frequency range, and low tonetic variation. Main prosodic marker of the architect's speech is very insignificant syntagmatic division, prevalence of non-pausation means of utterance delimitation, monotonous character of speech due to low tonetic variation. Real estate agent and actress's speech can be defined as emotional on account of high tonetic level, wide frequency range, low recurrence of non-pausation delimitation and heightened level of tonetic utterance completion.

A Literature Review on the Foundations and Potentials of Digital Teaching Scenarios for Interprofessional Health Care Education.

The health care system is increasingly complex and specialized, but it presents the actors involved with the challenge of working together in interprofessional teams. One way to meet this challenge is through interprofessional training approaches, where representatives of different professions learn together with learners of other professions. This article contributes to the question of how interprofessional teaching in health care education can be designed with a low threshold by using digital media. We focus on learning with digital learning platforms and learning with videos. Based on existing empirical findings, these approaches are discussed in terms of their potential and limitations for interprofessional teaching. In particular, we examine how these approaches influence the core competence domains of interprofessional collaborative practice. Digital collaborative learning platforms are suitable for teaching interprofessional competences, since they enable social and professional exchange among learners of different professions. Videos are suitable for imparting medical declarative and procedural knowledge. Based on these considerations, the use of videos in combination with interaction possibilities is presented as a didactic approach that can combine the aspect of knowledge transfer with the possibility of interprofessional computer-based collaboration.