Racial Representation Research Articles

Racial disparities and inequity in clinical trials of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

e18515 Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a paradigm-shifting advancement in hematologic malignancies with therapeutic futility. There is growing evidence that there are disparities affecting race and ethnicity for malignancy treatments as well as under-representation of minorities in clinical trials. We analyzed the racial representation in clinical trials of CAR-T products in the US. Methods: We searched all clinical trials in PubMed for six FDA-approved CAR-T therapy for all indications. We included all phase 2 and above published trials that were conducted in the US and recorded demographic data. Results: Out of total 64 studies; 16 were included for final analysis. A total of 1678 patients enrolled in the CAR-T therapy trials. The table shows indication and demographic data of the patient. Only 9 (56%) articles reported race and 8 (50%) articles reported ethnicity. We found only 47 (3%) African Americans, 47 (3%) Asian races, and 53 (3%) Hispanic ethnicity patients were enrolled in the trials. Conclusions: Our study highlights inadequate reporting of race/ethnicity and continued under-representation of minorities in clinical trials. This is the largest study examining the generalizability of CAR-T cell therapy RCTs at a population level. The underrepresentation in RCTs is an alarming finding as the incidence of many of the diseases is quite high in such minority populations thus exposing a significant disparity in health equity and healthcare access. More insights through research and policymaking are necessary to overcome barriers to delivering equitable healthcare, especially to underrepresented minorities.[Table: see text]

What are the Trends in Racial Diversity Among Orthopaedic Applicants, Residents, and Faculty?

What are the Trends in Racial Diversity Among Orthopaedic Applicants, Residents, and Faculty?

“…in Japan, we are just imitating the ‘real’ thing…”. (Re)doing racialized authentic self in classical music

AbstractScholars exploring the entwinement of “authenticity” and “race” in cultural production demonstrate that artists are frequently evaluated according to racialized standards, whereby differences in musical expression are believed not only to be the result of cultural differences but to be rooted in ethnic and racial differences in the popular imagination. Heretofore, the research has focused either on evidencing that authenticity is entirely a social construct or on tracing racially informed discriminatory practices against artists of color. Exponents of an artform traditionally associated with a racial group other than their own are frequently deemed “inauthentic.” However, less attention has been devoted to investigating whether, and if so how artists resist, or otherwise deal with, this racialized construction of authenticity. This article contributes to the literature on authenticity, race, and identity in creative work by examining the ways in which artists navigate racialized representations of authenticity in Western art music. The analysis is informed by qualitative research conducted among 75 Japanese musicians in France, Poland, and Japan. It draws on performative theories to conceptualize both authenticity and race as something that people “do” and “redo,” rather than “have” or “are.” My findings demonstrate that Japanese artists are doing authentic music self through race by self‐aligning with a Western personality, a Western sense of music, and by training their bodies to fit Western instruments. The various means available to an artist to resist racialized preconceptions and appraisals are additionally examined and their feasibility and effectiveness assessed. I argue that an artist has considerable, albeit limited, agency and that the hierarchical racial divisions in Western classical music can therefore be temporarily dissolved to make it more inclusive.

Negotiating Blackness, and Culture in Brazilian Metal Scene

This paper aims at discussing the presence of black individuals in the Brazilian metal music scene. To do so, we move away from a homogenizing and historically constructed cultural position that privileges certain forms of art in the building of black subjects’ authenticity to the detriment of others. We seek to highlight how racial representation works as a form of oppression. We ask: What are the ways and means that black people, as musicians and audiences, can find to re-inscribe themselves in the midst of an environment still predominantly occupied by whiteness in metal and, consequently, how can we locate those interstices to re-emerge and re-exist?

543 Diversity in Burn Surgery Programs

Abstract Introduction Racial and gender disparities have been longstanding in the fields of medicine and surgery. In the literature, underrepresentation has been highlighted in plastic surgery and general surgery programs, however few studies examine this within burn surgery. Two studies describe the gender and racial disparities that exist in burn surgery leadership. This study seeks to compare and highlight the representation of minority and female surgeons in burn surgery training at a major metropolitan burn center to other surgical programs. Methods Applicant data were reviewed for acceptance to the clinical burn surgery fellowship program from 2008 to 2022. Self-identification was used to categorize gender as male or female and race as Asian, African American, White, and other. The gender and race of each applicant was recorded. The data was analyzed and compared to data trends in female and minority representation among physicians in other training programs. Demographic data were also obtained from newly hired staff of the same metropolitan burn center. Results From 2008-2022, there have been 30 physicians enrolled in this institution’s burn surgery fellowship program. Fourteen (46.7%) were female. Twelve (40%) were White, ten (33.3%) were African American, six (20%) were Asian, and two (6.7%) were of unknown racial background. From 2018-2022, there have been 277 newly hired staff members for the burn center. There were 238 females (85.9%). There were 142 (51.2%) who were White, 82 (29.6%) who were African American, 30 (10.8%) who were Asian, and 23 (8.3%) who were Hispanic or Latino. Conclusions In 2022, the US graduating medical class was 52% female – a proportion that has slightly increased over the last four years. Furthermore, the US graduating medical school class was 58.8% White, 25.5% Asian, 10.6% Hispanic or Latino, 8.3% Black; these proportions of minority groups have also demonstrated a slow, but steady, increase over the last four years. Previous studies have demonstrated a lack of diversity among burn surgery leadership, but do not address diversity among burn surgery fellows or among newly recruited medical staff within burn centers. This institution’s burn surgical program has aimed to maintain a diverse minority representation to serve a community that is also diverse in race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Applicability of Research to Practice Increasing gender and racial representation in burn surgery programs is beneficial for supporting the burn patient population, which is frequently diverse in race, gender, and socioeconomic status.

65 Differences in Pain Experience by Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status Among People with Burn Injury

Abstract Introduction Disparities in pain experience and treatment amongst people of different races and ethnicities have been described for several conditions. However, the relationship between race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES) and pain reported by people with burn injury is not well understood. This study compares pain intensity and interference with daily activities among burn-injured adults of various sociodemographic backgrounds. We hypothesized that minority and low-income populations will report greater pain intensity and interference, necessitating additional strategies to address pain disparity. Methods Adult multicenter national database participants with complete PROMIS® pain intensity and pain interference measures at 6 and 12 months after injury were analyzed. Linear regression models examined associations between sex, race, ethnicity, education, income, burn size and pain interference and intensity scores. Regression model diagnostics were tested, and final models used robust standard errors to account for heteroskedasticity. Results Data from 656 participants were analyzed, with a mean age of 47.1 ± 16.2. Racial representation was 84.0% White, 8.8% African American/Black, 2.5% Asian/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 1.9% American India laskan Native, and 2.8% other/more than one race; 80.4% were non-Hispanic and 19.6% Hispanic. Weighted regression models revealed that pain intensity at 6 mo (Ⓡ=1.25, p=0.029) and interference at 12 mo (β=6.71, p=0.013) among Black participants were markedly higher than White participants. Hispanic participants reported lower pain intensity (β=-0.86, p=0.036) and interference (β=-4.06, p=0.007) compared to non-Hispanic participants at 6 mo. Average pain intensity at 6 mo varied significantly by income (p=0.01), with the highest pain intensity (mean 3.8, SD 3.0) reported by those making < $25,000/year. Females reported greater pain intensity at 6 mo than males (β=0.63, p=0.029). Conclusions Greater pain intensity and interference were reported by Black participants compared to White participants, while Hispanic participants reported lower pain outcomes. Lower income was also associated with worse pain outcomes. Targeted study of pre-injury pain experiences, pain management, psychosocial health, and financial toxicity are required to identify opportunities for intervention on the many dimensions and causal factors of unsatisfactory pain experiences. Applicability of Research to Practice Systematic screening for pain intensity and interference after burn injury may find sociodemographic groups with high pain levels and a need for interdisciplinary pain and psychosocial health management. Comprehensive pain treatment following burn injury should account for social determinants of health and impact of bias to further improve quality care for all people.

The Canary Museum: from transnational trade of human remains to the visual representations of race (1879-1900)

“El Museo Canario” (Canary Museum) was founded in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria in 1879. It holds an impressive collection of the pre-Hispanic past of the Canaries. El Museo Canario built an important transnational network of exchange. This was facilitated by the widespread interest in the human remains of the pre-Hispanic inhabitants of the Canaries. His founder Gregorio Chil, and the Museum Board, were interested in building a regional race to represent the trans-historical essence of the archipelago’s population. This was scientifically grounded on different racial classification projects with colonial connotations. Speculation on the possible links between the archipelago’s extinct race, the Amazigh (Berbers), and hypothetical primitive European populations became popular. These debates had a material side: racial similarities and differences were exhibited, visualized, illustrated, and thus demonstrated. Lithographs of human remains circulated in Europe and beyond. These supposedly objective representations of race were published in authoritative books and scientific articles. In addition, individuals were drawn and photographed, often with the idea of showing the continuity between the aboriginal population and the current inhabitants of the archipelago. Visual representations of the dead (skulls, mummies) entered a sort of dialectic relationship with representations of the living.

Differential patient travel distance and time to psoriasis clinical trial sites.

Considering the known disparities in racial representation in psoriasis clinical trials, this study sought to characterize travel distance and time to reach a psoriasis clinical trial site as a potential barrier to trial participation for multiple demographic and geographic variables. We determined travel distance and time from every census tract population center in the United States to the nearest psoriasis clinical trial site using ArcGIS and linked travel estimates to demographic characteristics in each census tract based on 2020 American Community Survey. The average distance and time traveled to reach a psoriasis clinical trial site nationally were 45.6 miles and 51.8min, respectively. Urban residence and Northeast location had significantly lower travel distance and time relative to their geographic counterparts. Travel burden was significantly greater among Native American and Black races, individuals without college education and Veterans Affairs beneficiaries relative to their counterparts. These findings reveal disparate access regarding rurality, race, education and insurance type, which may encourage investigators to increase travel funding for underrepresented groups and diversity recruitment efforts to promote access to psoriasis clinical trials.

Disrupting Whiteness as Higher Education: Towards a Systemic Decoloniality

This creative conceptual paper expands traditionalised academic approaches through integrated narratives, plays, lyrics, and poetry as decolonial method. Based in first person narratives, informal interviews, artistic expression, and music-integration, the author clarifies tensions in decolonial strategy, including moving beyond racial representation to acknowledge and respond to racialised poverty, racism built into the fabric of higher education, and an overarching denial of racial disparities. The paper begins with a discussion of the student-created and produced play, The Fall, which brings the #RhodesMustFall movement onto the stage. Integrating student discussions and reactions to the play, the paper echoes themes from The Fall, suggesting that strategies which interrupt coloniality, while necessary, are insufficient to transform from formal education’s capitalistic and exploitative foundation. In centring USA and South African writers, the paper highlights that the purpose of education remains a White supremacist vision and that to move from such anti-Black infrastructures, transformation must align directly with ongoing, student-led decolonial approaches. The paper then parallels higher education protests to the context of the 2010 World Cup’s artistic exploitation of South Africa, warning of the power of appropriation, especially on a global stage. The paper concludes with the affirmation that creative, artistic, and Black-centric voices must be fostered and integrated into decolonial strategies to transform the global Whiteness of higher education.

Neural representation of perceived race mediates the opposite relationship between subcomponents of self-construals and racial outgroup punishment.

Outgroup aggression characterizes intergroup conflicts in human societies. Previous research on relationships between cultural traits and outgroup aggression behavior showed inconsistent results, leaving open questions regarding whether cultural traits predict individual differences in outgroup aggression and related neural underpinnings. We conducted 2 studies to address this issue by collecting self-construal scores, EEG signals in response to Asian and White faces with painful or neutral expressions, and decisions to apply electric shocks to other-race individuals in a context of interracial conflict. We found that interdependent self-construals were well explained by 2 subcomponents, including esteem for group (EG) and relational interdependence (RI), which are related to focus on group collectives and harmonious relationships, respectively. Moreover, EG was positively associated with the decisions to punish racial outgroup targets, whereas RI was negatively related to the decisions. These opposite relationships were mediated by neural representations of perceived race at 120-160ms after face onset. Our findings highlight the multifaceted nature of interdependent self-construal and the key role of neural representations of race in mediating the relationships of different subcomponents of cultural traits with racial outgroup punishment decisions in a context of interracial conflict.

Prioritizing Racial Representation in Treating People with Parkinson’s Disease: An Assessment of Racial Inclusion Among Parkinson’s Disease Clinical Trials between 1999–2022. (P10-11.006)

<h3>Objective:</h3> The primary goal is to evaluate the inclusion of racial data in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) clinical trials. The secondary goal is to assess the racial proportions among PD trials reporting racial data. <h3>Background:</h3> Racial disparities exist in clinical trials across many disciplines. Collection of racial data and inclusion of racial subgroups in a proportionate manner is essential to ensuring scientific knowledge on clinical effectiveness and adverse effects of medications and other therapeutics in a diverse patient population. The current study focuses on racial representation within neurological clinical trials, specifically PD. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> In this meta-analysis, the publicly available ClinicalTrials.Gov database was accessed on August 27th 2022, with search term “Parkinson’s Disease” , which resulted in 3284 trials. Microsoft Excel was used for data collection and analysis. 5 independent reviewers extracted study level data and performed data checks to confirm accuracy and consistency. After applying filters for “complete” “interventional” “with results,” 330 trials remained. 208 trials did not contain racial data. Among 122 trials with racial data, 12 trials were omitted due to: missing location (n=3), inconsistent race/gender reporting (n=2), different condition type (n=7). <h3>Results:</h3> 208 (63%) trials did not report racial data. The secondary analysis of 110 trials revealed the following subgroup proportions: White (86.2%), Black (1.8%) Asian (5.9%) and Other, including American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, and unknown/not reported, (6.1%). Analysis of gender enrollment in PD clinical trials that reported race, revealed female (36%) and male (64%). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Our findings reveal that the majority of PD trials did not report racial data. Furthermore, among those trials reporting racial data, White participants were disproportionately represented compared to Black, Asian and Other participants. These results highlight an urgent need to address racial representation within PD trials; specifically, research must elucidate barriers to equitable clinical trial recruitment and access. <b>Disclosure:</b> Ms. Pandit has nothing to disclose. Mr. Rashid has nothing to disclose. Mr. Osias has nothing to disclose. Ms. Dawson has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mammadli has nothing to disclose. Dr. Etienne has nothing to disclose.

Trends in Race and Sex Representation Among Entering Orthopaedic Surgery Residents: A Continued Call for Active Diversification Efforts.

Multiple studies have analyzed the diversity of surgical subspecialties, in which orthopaedic surgery consistently lags behind in female and minority representation. This study aims to examine contemporary data on trends in sex and racial representation among entering orthopaedic surgery residents. The American Association of Medical Colleges' Graduate Medical Education Track data set was queried for all individuals entering surgical residencies in the United States from 2001 to 2020. Deidentified data on self-reported sex and race (American Indian or Alaska Native [AIAN]; Asian; Black or African American, Hispanic, Latino, or of Spanish Origin; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander [NHOPI]; White; and Other) for individuals across all surgical subspecialties were collected. Sex and race proportions for newly matriculating surgical residents were analyzed and aggregated across the study period. From 2001 to 2020, there was a 9.2% increase in the proportion of new female orthopaedic surgery residents, with approximately one in five identifying as such in 2020. By contrast, surgical specialties in aggregate saw a 16.3% increase. A 11.7% decrease was observed in entering orthopaedic residents who identified as White with a corresponding increase in representation by multiracial (9.2%) individuals and those identifying as "Other" (1.9%). The proportion of Asian (range: 10.4 to 15.4%), Black (2.5 to 6.2%), Hispanic (0.3 to 4.4%), AIAN (0.0 to 1.2%), and NHOPI (0.0 to 0.5%) new trainees has largely remained unchanged throughout the study period. A similar trend was observed among surgical specialties in aggregate. Of the identities most represented by the multiracial cohort, the most common were Asian (range: 7.0 to 50.0%), Hispanic (0.0 to 53.5%), and White (30.2 to 50.0%). Although orthopaedic surgery has improved in sex diversity in its entering class of residents, measures to increase racial diversity have been less successful. Efforts at improving the recruitment of a diverse class of trainees are necessary and will require acknowledging the importance of both racial and sex representation diversity metrics.

Representation and Difference

During the Atlantic slavery period enslaved and freed Africans and Afro-descendants populated principally two areas in Ecuador: the Chota-Mira valley (Imbabura and Carchi provinces) and the northern part of Esmeraldas province. Afrodescendants from these territories created two music and dance-based events; Bomba del Chota and Marimba Esmeraldeña. Since their arrival, Afro-descendants in Ecuador have had a history of dehumanization that continues until the present day. Based on the testimonies of the Marimberos and Bomberos included in this paper, archival compilation and fieldwork research, I address questions of racialized representations of Marimba and Bomba in order to build towards the notion of communicative competence. Here I propose the shift of some of the representations of Marimba and Bomba from the current focus on stereotypical characteristics such as a naturalized happiness and hyper-sexuality, to an emphasis on Afro-Ecuadorians’ collective memories. Through a sonic composition and its theorization, a questioning of coloniality that sustains racialized representations and the exposure of key, but usually silenced, collective memories is proposed. By developing a sonic composition and analyzing it, I aim to contribute with crucial theoretical and practical strategies to deepen a much needed and timely understanding of Marimba and Bomba&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; 1) This paper and its sonic composition are bas ed on a chapter of my PhD thesis entitled “Sounds of collective memories: A decolonial counter- representation of Afro-Ecuadorian Marimba Esmeraldeña and Bomba del Chota” (López-Yánez, 2020). I dedicate this paper to one of the most renowned, charismatic and wise Afro-Ecuadorian artist, the Marimbero Guillermo Ayoví Erazo -Papá Roncón-, who passed away on September 30th, 2022, while I was writing it.

Let's Not Repeat History's Mistakes: Two Cautions to Scientists on the Use of Race in Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias Research.

Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD) research has advanced gene and biomarker technologies to aid identification of individuals at risk for dementia. This innovation is a lynchpin in development of disease-modifying therapies. The emerging science could transform outcomes for patients and families. However, current limitations in the racial representation and inclusion of racial diversity in research limits the relevance of these technologies: AD/ADRD research cohorts used to define biomarker cutoffs are mostly White, despite clinical and epidemiologic research that shows Black populations are among those experiencing the greatest burdens of AD/ADRD. White cohorts alone are insufficient to characterize heterogeneity in disease and in life experiences that can alter AD/ADRD's courses. The National Institute on Aging (NIA) has called for increased racial diversity in AD/ADRD research. While scientists are working to implement NIA's plan to build more diverse research cohorts, they are also seeking out opportunities to consider race in AD/ADRD research. Recently, scientists have posed two ways of including race in AD/ADRD research: ancestry-based verification of race and race-based adjustment of biomarker test results. Both warrant careful examination for how they are impacting AD/ADRD science with respect to specific study objectives and the broader mission of the field. If these research methods are not grounded in pursuit of equity and justice, biases they introduce into AD/ADRD science could perpetuate, or even worsen, disparities in AD/ADRD research and care.

Who Cares?: Ethics and Practices of Care and Making Change in Contemporary Queer Performance Production

Queer performance has historically illuminated an imbalance of care for minoritarian concerns and fostered community connections for collective survival and resistance.1 1. José Esteban Muñoz, Disidentifications: Queers of color and the performance of politics (Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 1999). This article interweaves theorisations by Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha and collaborators in the book Care Work: Dreaming Disability Justice 2 2. Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha, Care Work: Dreaming Disability Justice (Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press, 2018). and draws upon interviews with key queer cultural producers, practitioners, scholars, and artists currently working in the UK to identify and theorise contemporary ethics and practices of care in their work. It reveals how queer performance practice attempts to address issues of ethnicity, race, class, disability, gender, and gender identity, tokenism and racial representation, access, class, (dis)ability, and trans-inclusivity in generative ways.3 3. Adam Carver, Queering the Sector: Meaningful Change, Meaningful Care, Conference programme, SHOUT! Festival of Queer Arts and Culture, Birmingham Hippodrome, November 8, 2019. Considering the urgent need for material reconfigurations and diversification of the UK arts sector – both in response to and preceding the global COVID-19 pandemic – I argue that an ethics of care and orientation toward action can address ongoing issues around who and what is ‘made to matter’ in queer arts production. Contemporary queer performance praxis in the UK reaches further toward the margins to find new solutions to embed radical care in production practices. As philosopher Rosi Braidotti suggests, such work ‘is enhanced by the rejection of self-centred individualism … [producing] a new way of combining self-interests with the well-being of an enlarged community’.4 4. Rosi Braidotti, The Posthuman (Cambridge: Polity, 2013), 48. Through foregrounding collectivity, community, care, and social justice the queer performance sector is well positioned to be at the forefront of wider cultural production trends, creating, and amplifying change throughout the sector and beyond.

The moving image as an instrument of oppression and resistance in Jim Crow Era Jacksonville, Florida, 1907–1917

ABSTRACT This paper will examine the contrasts in racial representations in films produced in Jacksonville at the cusp of the segregation era. These tensions will be examined by exploring how motion picture consumption factored into the politics of race in one of the largest cities in the New South during cinema’s silent era. This will be accomplished by exploring how the marginalized and disenfranchised attempted to assert agency in public and private spaces despite living in an environment of white supremacy and social inequities. By tracing the lived experiences of African American moviegoers in a Southern city at the onset of the Jim Crow Era, a broader comprehension of the early American film industry’s dismissiveness of – and at times outright insensitivity toward – acts of political terror against African Americans can be better understood.

The Gallery as Contact Zone: Renée Green’s Taste Venue, 1994, at Pat Hearn Gallery, New York

In 1994, artist Renée Green rendered the Pat Hearn Gallery as an open-ended site to study shifting taste cultures in New York City’s SoHo. The project tested the commercial gallery as a potential ‘contact zone’ (Mary Louise Pratt), where cultures meet and grapple with each other in asymmetrical relations of power. By embracing curatorial and museological tactics, she activated long-standing issues regarding the representation of race, first by ‘curating’ an exhibition of real and mimetic historical artefacts and second by refashioning the gallery as a venue for events. This article discusses how exhibitions may or may not facilitate contact zones. Focusing on postmodern ‘hipness’ in the 1990s, I argue that Green’s framing of the gallery as a site of trendiness complexifies Pratt’s idea of the contact zone as well as more classic sociological theories of class.

MP12-12 RACIAL, ETHNIC, AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION REPRESENTATION ON ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION ACADEMIC WEBSITES

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP12-12 RACIAL, ETHNIC, AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION REPRESENTATION ON ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION ACADEMIC WEBSITES Leelakrishna Channa, Kevin Pinto, Ilene Staff, Tara McLaughlin, and Jared Bieniek Leelakrishna ChannaLeelakrishna Channa More articles by this author , Kevin PintoKevin Pinto More articles by this author , Ilene StaffIlene Staff More articles by this author , Tara McLaughlinTara McLaughlin More articles by this author , and Jared BieniekJared Bieniek More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003227.12AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Self-identification with images portrayed in patient-facing education materials aids in understanding medical conditions, especially with sensitive topics such as erectile dysfunction (ED). Previous data have shown underrepresentation of minority men in other urologic online content. The current study is designed to assess racial, ethnic, and sexual orientation diversity depicted on academic urology ED websites. METHODS: Websites of the top academic urology departments from U.S. News & World Reports 2022 rankings were reviewed as sources of high quality content. All subpages were reviewed to identify ED and men’s health sites with extraction of photo and video imagery depicting human subjects. A three-person review team interpreted race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation categorically and using a numeric scale, Fitzpatrick skin rating. Median Fitzpatrick ratings were classified as white (1-3) or non-white (4-6). Consensus ratings were summarized descriptively, Spearman’s rank correlation used for interrater reliability of Fitzpatrick ratings, and MedCalc’s z-tests used to compare diversity proportions to national rates. RESULTS: The top 31 ranked academic urology websites were reviewed to exclude non-academic centers. Over a third of reviewed sites did not contain any human images (12/31, 38.7%). A total of 85 images were collected. Race in the 74 (87.0%) interpretable images included 5 (6.8%) Asian, 12 (16.2%) black, 52 (70.3%) white, and 5 (6.8%) other men. Latino men were represented in 3 of 47 (6.4%) images. Utilizing Fitzpatrick ratings, 70 (82.4%) subjects were classified as white and 15 (17.6%) non-white. Most images [46 (54.1%)] demonstrated a man without a partner. Of those with a partner where sexual orientation could be determined, 20 (90.9%) were heterosexual and 2 (9.1%) homosexual. Between reviewer correlation coefficients for Fitzpatrick ratings ranged from 0.68-0.71. Table 1 compares interpreted image data to population benchmarks. CONCLUSIONS: Limited imagery on academic urology ED websites, while displaying modest racial diversity, continues to underrepresent some groups, namely Latinos. Although men in homosexual relationships were depicted, the absolute number of such images was low. Conscious effort to improve diversity in online male sexual dysfunction content is needed. Source of Funding: Hartford HealthCare Health Equity Grant © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e138 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Leelakrishna Channa More articles by this author Kevin Pinto More articles by this author Ilene Staff More articles by this author Tara McLaughlin More articles by this author Jared Bieniek More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

A content analysis on race in drama therapy empirical research

Drama therapy empirical research has the potential to support growth within the profession, but changes are still needed to address a lack of racially diverse perspectives represented in studies. A Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) research sub-committee of the North American Drama Therapy Association (NADTA) was formed and members took on the task of reading full-text available articles listed in the NADTA empirical references list (N= 123) with the aim of identifying representations of race within the research through a content analysis. Our team found limited examples of both author-identified race information and contextualized participant racial demographics. When race was presented, most often as descriptive statistics alone, contextual information about culture or other relevant supportive literature was often lacking. Further research and a more systematic critical review of existing drama therapy empirical studies are needed to formulate recommendations for addressing racial disparities within drama therapy research.

Sometimes the Pipeline Starts at Home

This Viewpoint addresses the lack of racial representation in the surgical profession and suggests a way to build an inclusive, excellent physician workforce.