Perspective Of Representation Research Articles

A Case Study of S-Curve Analysis: Causes, Effects, Tracing and Monitoring Project Extension of Time

S-Curve analysis in the construction interpreted as managing project with knowledge and traceable in the context of sustainable construction while displays the cumulative costs, labour hours or other quantities plotted against time. In the contract administration, delays in completing a construction project led to the breach of contract but, in contracts itself allow the construction period to be extended where there are delays that are not the contractor's fault. Under those circumstances, a presentation of a case-study regarding the analysis of S-Curve of a life project drew comparative interpretation of project performance towards project delivery schedule has been conducted in private initiative project. This study aims to investigate and examine the factors that cause delays in construction projects from the perspective of S-curve representations. The paper aims to provide in depth light about the existing causes of project delay and describe the key sources of financing problem and identify the consequences of contraventions of contract. Two distinct parts divided which are refers to the methods used to assess the perceptions of clients, consultants, and contractors on the relative importance of causes of delay in a project and referred to the procurement and documentation to analyse the delay. As a result, an Extension of Time (EOT) granted and identically changed the progress towards extension time where better planning demanded for improvement and restoration progress kept on track. This paper presented a practical and comparative S-Curve within extension of time to ensure delivery of project on schedule. In the long run, the identified causes are combined into 16 factors. Finally, the result of this match was brought in order to critically understand and provide a guideline to contractor in preparing EOT application and choose reliable factor based on the specific circumstances of project delay factors thorough review conducted to reveal the nature of EOT application techniques. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091679 Full Text: PDF

Personal potential in the practice of psychological support of flight activity

The subject of this research is the methods of psychological support of flight activity, which explicate the theory of Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor D. V. Gander on psychological support of flight activity. The author explores such questions as making decisions by pilot as the operator of ergatic system, with emphasis on the psychological aspects of flight activity on modern aircrafts and formation of professional competencies of the pilot. The research methodology is based on the systemic approach and encompasses theoretical-analytical and generalizing methods, longitudinal analysis, collection of empirical data, analysis of pilot activity through studying documentation and expert survey, professiography, and mathematical statistics. The scientific novelty is defined by the developed model of personal potential of the pilot from the perspective of holistic representation on the specificity and dynamics of the development of personal potential. The study of psychological professionally important qualities led to the creation of the factor model of personal potential of the pilot; while qualitative analysis of the acquired data allowed interpreting the content of personal potential from the perspective of systemic approach. Thus, the hypothesis is proven that the success of mastering flight activity depends not so much on the absolute values of the development of professionally important qualities, but on the specifically organized structure of qualities that form personal potential of the pilot. It is also stated that the achievements in flight activity are the most significant indicator of the status of development of personal potential.

Sociocultural impacts of COVID-19: A social representations perspective

While COVID-19's public health and economic impacts are evident, its sociocultural impacts are often overlooked. This study takes the case of the Italian destination of Pisa during the early stages of the pandemic – when most infection cases were assumed to be imported from China - and investigates Social Representations of Chinese tourists from an Italian host perspective. Through fifteen interviews with local suppliers, two co-existing Social Representations are identified and expressed through Italian literary metaphors: “the Hen with Golden Eggs” and “the Anointer”. This research shows that, while the dominant hegemonic representation is rooted in rationality, the emerging polemic representation is anchored in pre-Enlightenment sociocultural fears. Finally, the uncertain future of post-COVID19 tourism considering potential stereotypes, xenophobia and racism is discussed.

Tense in Khorchin Mongolian: an interpersonal perspective

This paper examines the tense system in Khorchin Mongolian from an interpersonal perspective based on the theoretical assumptions of Systemic Functional Linguistics. Previous studies on tense in Khorchin Mongolian have mainly taken a representational view, focusing primarily on the way different tense suffixes construe relationships between events. However, this perspective cannot sufficiently address the distinction between participle and non-participle tense suffixes (e.g. -x vs. -n for non-past, -sɘn vs. -tʃϵ for past). This paper, on the other hand, interprets the difference in meaning between the participle and non-participle realizations of tense from an interpersonal perspective in relation to the co-occurring modal particles and interrogative particles at the level of clause by drawing on the discourse patterns in exchange and the phenomenon of embedding. It is shown that while the non-participle tense suffixes in Khorchin Mongolian are involved in the process of settling propositions, the participle tense suffixes are not. The paper complements the representational perspective on tense in Khorchin Mongolian and models a methodology for interpreting morphological distinctions in the context of larger and more abstract units.

Capsule Network Improved Multi-Head Attention for Word Sense Disambiguation

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is one of the core problems in natural language processing (NLP), which is to map an ambiguous word to its correct meaning in a specific context. There has been a lively interest in incorporating sense definition (gloss) into neural networks in recent studies, which makes great contribution to improving the performance of WSD. However, disambiguating polysemes of rare senses is still hard. In this paper, while taking gloss into consideration, we further improve the performance of the WSD system from the perspective of semantic representation. We encode the context and sense glosses of the target polysemy independently using encoders with the same structure. To obtain a better presentation in each encoder, we leverage the capsule network to capture different important information contained in multi-head attention. We finally choose the gloss representation closest to the context representation of the target word as its correct sense. We do experiments on English all-words WSD task. Experimental results show that our method achieves good performance, especially having an inspiring effect on disambiguating words of rare senses.

Social Representation and Assessment of Salespeople Personality for Job Performance: An Overview and an Italian Piece of Research

The paper deals with the relationship between the Big Five personality traits ( Agreeableness , Conscientiousness , Extraversion , Openness and Neuroticism / Emotional Stability ) and sales performance in the perspective of the social representation of salespeople personality. The first part of the article provides an overview of the topic, while the second half reports the results of a study carried out with 220 Italian salespeople (16 females) and correlating their answers to a personality test named FLORA – an Italian measure of 24 work-related personality characteristics developed and validated for the assessment of specific professional profiles in organizations and based on the Big Five Model – with their sales figures. According to hypotheses, Conscientiousness , Extraversion and Openness are positively related and Agreeableness is negatively related to sales performance, which is also consistent with the social representation of salespeople personality. Emotional Stability does not prove to be a Big Five directly related to sales performance, but the three facets of Emotional Stability measured by FLORA ( Stress tolerance , Frustration tolerance and Self-control ) are positively and significantly related to the length of service, while the length of service, in turn, is related to job performance. This supports an indirect relation between Emotional Stability and sales performance passing through the length of service.

ПАТРІОТИЗМ ЯК ЧИННИК ВСТАНОВЛЕННЯ ПОЛІТИЧНОГО ПОРЯДКУ ДЕННОГО: ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ТА ІДЕЙНІ ОСНОВИ

The article attempts to outline the issue of patriotism as a factor in the transformation of the institutional structure of politics. The special status of patriotism as an interdisciplinary scientific problem as a result of the events of the Revolution of Dignity and the armed struggle in eastern Ukraine is analyzed. The analysis Identification and differentiation of problems of the macropolitical agenda on the principles of patriotism is carried out. It is emphasized that the consideration of patriotism in the political sphere is determined by attempts to explain such phenomena as the global «ethnic renaissance», the sudden mobilization of citizens during mass protests, the spread of manipulation within political communications. A retrospective analysis showed that patriotism should be considered not only as an ideological and doctrinal system or system of political argumentation, but also as a phenomenon that realizes the change of trajectory and mode of functioning of specific political institutions and the system as a whole. It is substantiated that modern Ukraine is in the process of transformation, namely a change in the activities of political institutions, which is fixed in the legal dimension. It is proved that the patriotic perspective of public representation in foreign countries at the present stage, on the one hand, does not deny civil rights and freedoms, on the other hand, gives human rights activities a clear character of protection of Ukrainian interests. Understanding the protection of Ukraine’s independence has influenced the formation of political forces, the differentiation of the political community on the basis of the attitude to the future of Ukraine as a separate state. The effectiveness of democratic transformations in Ukraine is measured by international rating agencies, which show changes in the development of democratic political relations, their institutional support, in particular in the rule-making, which determines the parameters of political participation. One of the main tasks of forming the core of the patriotic electorate is to ensure the transmission of political values from one generation to another. In Ukrainian society, patriotism as a factor of electoral choice has its own characteristics associated with the requirements of protecting the specific pragmatic interests of social groups and individuals.

Educação do Campo e Psicologia: possibilidades e limites de diálogos comprometidos com a luta por direitos

A Psicologia como ciência vincula-se a cada tempo/espaço em que produz e reproduz suas referências teóricas e práticas. Nesse sentido, pode-se dizer que sua presença na discussão sobre a oferta escolar para os povos campesinos traz as marcas da disputa entre os projetos de escola, de campo e de sociedade em cada período histórico. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar e discutir as produções acadêmicas que articulam a Psicologia com a Educação Rural e com a Educação do Campo. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, buscou-se referências em artigos publicados na plataforma SciELO e na base de dissertações e teses da CAPES. Na sistematização e análise do material, observa-se que, entre outros resultados obtidos, os psicólogos vêm se preocupando em adaptar e/ou recriar teorias para dialogar com as questões educacionais no campo, e que, na atualidade, os sujeitos campesinos têm assumido a autoria da produção de pesquisas, sinalizando para um protagonismo na produção do conhecimento sobre suas vidas. Como conclusão, considerou-se que os dados obtidos sinalizam a presença do diálogo com marcos teóricos considerados como críticos na Psicologia, além da emergência de novas possibilidades teóricas, como a formulação da perspectiva das Representações Sociais em Movimento.
 Palavras-chave: educação rural, educação do campo, psicologia, psicologia da educação, representações sociais em movimento.
 
 Countryside Education and Psychology: possibilities and limitations of dialogs engaged in the fight for rights 
 ABSTRACT. Psychology, as a science, is linked to each time/place where it produces and reproduces its theoretical and practical references. In that sense, it can be said that its presence in the discussion about providing schools to peasant populations carries the marks of the dispute between the projects of school, countryside and society in each period of history. This article is an effort to identify and discuss the academic productions that articulate Psychology with Countryside Education and Rural Education. For the development of the research, references were sought in papers from the SciELO platform and the database of CAPES' dissertations and theses. During the stage of systematization and analysis of the material, it can be observed that, among other results obtained, Psychologists have been concerned with adapting and/or recreating theories to interact with educational issues in the countryside, and that, these days, peasant individuals have taken over the authorship of the research produced, playing a leading role in the production of knowledge about their lives. As a conclusion, the data obtained seem to point to the presence of the interaction with theoretical frameworks considered as critical in Psychology, as well as the emergence of new theoretical possibilities such as the formulation of the perspective of Social Representations in Motion.
 Keywords: rural education, countryside education, psychology, educational psychology, social representations in motion.
 
 Educación del campo y psicología: posibilidades y límites de los diálogos comprometidos con la lucha por los derechos
 RESUMEN. La psicología como ciencia está ligada a cada tiempo/espacio donde produce y reproduce sus referentes teóricos y prácticos. En este sentido, se puede decir que su presencia en la discusión sobre la oferta escolar para los pueblos campesinos trae las marcas de la disputa entre los proyectos escuela, campo y sociedad en cada período histórico. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar y discutir las producciones académicas que articulan la Psicología con la Educación Rural y la Educación del Campo. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se buscaron referencias en artículos publicados en la plataforma SciELO y en la base de datos CAPES de disertaciones y tesis. En la sistematización y análisis del material, se observa que, entre otros resultados obtenidos, los psicólogos se han preocupado por adaptar y/o recrear teorías para dialogar con temas educativos en el campo; y que en la actualidad los sujetos campesinos han asumido la autoría en la producción de investigación, señalando un rol protagónico en la producción de conocimiento sobre sus vidas. Como conclusión, se consideró que los datos obtenidos señalan la presencia de diálogo con marcos teóricos considerados críticos en Psicología, así como el surgimiento de nuevas posibilidades teóricas como la formulación de la perspectiva de Representaciones Sociales en Movimiento.
 Palabras clave: educación rural, educación del campo, psicología, psicología educacional, representaciones sociales en movimiento.

Retratos sobre a migração na série televisiva brasileira “Portugal pelos Brasileiros”

Neste artigo, focamos na relação entre o discurso midiático e as migrações a partir da perspectiva das representações sociais. Analisamos o caso do fluxo de imigração brasileira em Portugal que vem aumentando nos últimos anos, conforme retratado na primeira temporada da série televisiva brasileira “Portugal pelos Brasileiros”. Utilizamos a abordagem da Análise Crítica do Discurso para entender como a significação da experiência migratória está incorporada na série por meio das representações sociais. Como resultado, pudemos identificar que os novos imigrantes brasileiros em Portugal são retratados de maneira parcial e excludente, por meio de um discurso midiático ancorado em traços culturais e socioeconômicos específicos.

A constraint-based modeling of negative polarity items in result clause constructions in Romanian

SummaryThe paper discusses the occurrence of emphatic negative polarity items (NPIs) in high degree result clause constructions. We will identify four distributional patterns for Romanian emphatic NPIs. These will range from NPIs that only occur occasionally in result constructions to NPIs that are bound to such constructions and even do not show any truth-conditionally relevant semantic contribution. We reformulate a scalar, pragmatic theory of NPIs in a constraint-based, representational framework,Lexical Resource Semantics. We propose a scalar extension of a standard semantics of result clauses in order to capture the high degree, i.e. intensification readings. The constraint-based, representational perspective of this paper allows for an elegant modeling of the data: (i) We can capture the four distributional patterns as a lexical property of the discussed NPIs. (ii) The semantics and pragmatics of Romanian result clause constructions is accounted for by lexical properties of the result clause complementizers. (iii) A scalar analysis of emphatic NPIs can be applied in embedded clauses and even when the NPI itself does not contribute to the at-issue content of the overall utterance.

Who Is Marketised in Colour-Blind Sweden? Racial and Ethnic Representation in Swedish Commercials 2008–2017

From a social equality representation perspective, advertising should ideally mirror the multicultural composition at the national market, because mass-mediated identity representations may act as cultural resources for those with marginalised identities. To investigate the observance to such an ideal in a context where the ethnic and racial composition of the population saw a rapid change, this article examines 676 Swedish TV commercials in over the period 2008–2017, and analyses the representation of non-White persons of colour (POC). Through this quantitative and qualitative examination, we find that POC are indeed visible in the commercials, but predominantly in the background or playing minor roles. With the, at times, unproportionally high representation of racial and ethnic diversity in Swedish advertising, we find significant tokenism, or in other words, the structurally ineffectual approach common in market-based multiculturalism.

‘Behind the Digi-God's back’: social representations of older people's digital competences and internet use in regional Finnish newspapers

AbstractThis article discusses how three Finnish regional newspapers represented older people's digital competences and internet use in their daily coverage. The study explored media representations from the perspective of social representations and sought to answer the following questions: In what kind of internet user roles do the articles portray older people? How and with what kind of images do the articles portray older people's digital competences in various internet user roles? How are older people positioned at a societal level in the articles? The analysis revealed that older people were portrayed as incompetent outcasts of a digitalised society. However, there was a clear difference according to whether older people were portrayed as recipients of public services or as consumers of private services. As targets of public services, older people were predominantly portrayed as happy targets, who welcomed the services provided for them. This result can be interpreted as part of the promotion of government digitalisation policies.

El uso de la identidad cultural en los anuncios publicitarios para afianzar la relación consumidor-marca.

Usualmente, con el fin de atraer a consumidores y generar sentimientos de pertenencia, los anuncios publicitarios recurren al imaginario colectivo que identifica a un país o región para construir un mensaje eficiente que vincule los valores de dicha cultura con determinadas marcas. En este aspecto, la publicidad de bebidas alcohólicas ha destacado por su constante creación de universos simbólicos y experienciales que aluden al lugar de procedencia del producto, con el fin de construir narrativas de identidad y motivar sentimientos de pertenencia en sus consumidores. Se ha podido apreciar que los anuncios publicitarios de las marcas peruanas de cerveza no han sido ajenos a esta tendencia, y constantemente han recurrido a estereotipos culturales materializados en anuncios que descansan en una base de significación orientada a construir una perspectiva de representación cultural. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar, mediante entrevistas focalizadas, cómo los estudiantes universitarios peruanos interpretan las referencias culturales mostradas en los spots publicitarios como estímulos para incentivar la identidad cultural. Se ha podido distinguir cómo en los participantes de esta investigación se manifiesta una relación estrecha entre el reconocimiento de elementos culturales en los mensajes publicitarios y el bienestar subjetivo. Este fenómeno es modulado por diversos factores del individuo, específicamente su necesidad de pertenencia, la cual se forma desde su entorno social y adopta los mensajes comerciales como un conducto hacia sus vínculos grupales.

Plane-Wave Synthesis: A Sparse Representation Perspective

Using plane-wave generator (PWG), an array consisting of a number of radiating sources, to emulate incoming signals from the far-field zone across the aperture of the antenna-under-test (AUT) is an alternative solution for antenna testing, especially for electrically large AUTs. The locations and weights of PWG elements need to be carefully designed to satisfy the required accuracy of the far-field distribution. Conventionally, the theory of nonredundant sampling representation was exploited to determine the geometry of the PWG. In this letter, we revisit this problem from the perspective of sparse representation and propose a novel method based on the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm to derive the geometrical features of the PWG. Numerical results confirm the superiority of the proposed method over the conventional one. Furthermore, a penalty-based convex optimization framework is proposed to suppress radiation energy in the outer zone around the AUT aperture.

Bayesian Inference for Multidimensional Scaling Representations with Psychologically Interpretable Metrics

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) models represent stimuli as points in a space consisting of a number of psychological dimensions, such that the distance between pairs of points corresponds to the dissimilarity between the stimuli. Two fundamental challenges in inferring MDS representations from data involve inferring the appropriate number of dimensions and the metric structure of the space used to measure distance. We approach both challenges as Bayesian model-selection problems. Treating MDS as a generative model, we define priors needed for model identifiability under metrics corresponding to psychologically separable and psychologically integral stimulus domains. We then apply a differential evolution Markov-chain Monte Carlo (DE-MCMC) method for parameter inference, and a Warp-III method for model selection. We apply these methods to five previous data sets, which collectively test the ability of the methods to infer an appropriate dimensionality and to infer whether stimuli are psychologically separable or integral. We demonstrate that our methods produce sensible results, but note a number of remaining technical challenges that need to be solved before the method can easily and generally be applied. We also note the theoretical promise of the generative modeling perspective, discussing new and extended models of MDS representation that could be developed.

“What can I(S) do for you?”: How technology enables service providers to elicit customers’ preferences and deliver personalized service

This research studies the effective use of an IT-enabled Customer Service System (CSS) in the hospitality sector. Drawing on Effective Use Theory, we study how digital representations of customers’ preferences support service providers in the service personalization process. Our model posits customers’ preferences elicitation as the antecedent of CSS’ effective use, which yields superior customer value. This representational perspective matches recent efforts to study customer value as cocreated by customers and service providers. Based on a longitudinal dataset of 118,647 hotel reservations, we explain how digital representations of customers’ preferences enable service providers to personalize service and increase customer value.

A Representational Approach to Executive Function Impairments in Young Adults with Down Syndrome

ABSTRACT Based on a representational perspective, this paper examines executive functioning in Down syndrome. Sixteen young adults with Down syndrome, 16 mental age- and 16 age-matched controls were compared on script sequencing and sorting tasks. Participants were asked to reestablish the sequential structure of script actions given with or without irrelevant actions. Impairments in script information processing were observed only in young adults with Down syndrome, who performed more slowly than controls, making mistakes in ordering actions, but rejecting aberrant elements. These data are consistent with the view that Down syndrome impairs the syntactic but not semantic dimension of script representation.

Culture, structure, and rational interests in interdenominational networking: a case study of Romanian Orthodox Seminarians

ABSTRACT This article is a snapshot of the current attitudes manifested by the Romanian Orthodox seminarians towards interdenominational networking from the perspectives of individual interests, cultural representation, and institutional structure. Using the interdenominational networking as a social platform, the article considers the tension between rational choice and structuralism, whereby an Orthodox seminarian navigates between individual interests and institutional constrains; while also instrumentalizing cultural representation. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey was administered to 133 Protestant and Orthodox seminarians in Romania enrolled as fulltime students in the pastoral theology programmes at five theological seminaries. The contribution of this research lies in the fact that the data we collected and analysed serves as a social barometer revealing not only the restrained attitudes of the Romanian Orthodox seminarians towards interdenominational networking, but also their inability to bypass the deep-seated religious prejudice due to indoctrination and competition for credibility.

FLAG: feature learning with additional guidance for person search

Person search is a challenging computer vision task that handles and optimizes both pedestrian detection and person re-identification simultaneously. Person search is also closer to real-world applications compared to person re-identification. Existing person search works mainly focused on refining loss functions, using more complex network structures or redefining the person search as another task. However, few of them attempted to solve this problem from a feature representation perspective. In this paper, we embark on this point and present a novel method called FLAG to learn a better feature representation for person search. Specifically, partition pooling and cross-level feature hybridization are proposed to guide the model to learn more discriminative person features. Experiments show that the proposed method achieves encouraging performance improvement and outperforms similar end-to-end person search methods.

Critical literacy for a posthuman world: When people read, and become, with machines

AbstractComputational objects (eg, algorithms, bots, surveillance technology and data) have become increasingly present in our daily lives and are consequential for our changing relations to texts, multimodality and identity. Yet, our current theories of literacy, and especially the prevalence of mediational and representational perspectives, are inadequate to account for these changing relations. What are the implications for critical literacy education when it takes seriously computational agents that interact, produce and process texts? While such work is only beginning in education, scholars in other fields are increasingly writing about how AI and algorithmic mediation are changing the landscape of online intra‐action, and business strategies and tactics for working with AI are advancing far ahead of critical literacy education. Drawing on our own and others’ research into non‐human actors online, and building on posthuman theories of networks, heterogeneous actants and the assemblage, in this conceptual paper, we sketch some of the forms of critical consciousness that media education might provide in this new mixed landscape.Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topicAI is a hot topic in education and in public discourse, but critical literacy theories have not sufficiently accounted for how AI and computational agents change what it means to be “critically literate.”Technology is an important force in shaping (and is also shaped by) literacy practices and identity.Corporate actors have an enormous influence on the texts we read and write, but this influence is often hidden.What this paper addsWe bridge between critical literacy studies and posthumanist theory to conceptualize critical posthuman literacy.We argue for re‐imagining what texts, multimodality and identity are and do in the age of AI.We pose new questions of our texts and ourselves, informed by posthuman critical literacy.Implications for practice and/or policyToday’s readers and composers must be able to identify and interrogate networks of computational and human agents that permeate literacy practices.Beyond identifying and understanding computational agents, posthuman critical literacy necessitates that people can actively build more ethical assemblages with computational agents.