Representation Of Writer Research Articles

DIALECTISMS IN NOVEL "MAMY" BY MARIA MATIOS

The article analyzes the accentuation, phonetic, morphological, word-forming and phraseological dialectisms used in the six-act drama "Mamy" by Maria Mathios. Unlike lexical dialectisms, which are mostly presented in page-by-page footnotes with an interpretation of their semantics by the author, the speech units studied in the proposed article mostly function in the text of the work itself and do not require explanation, as they are completely understandable from the context. Instead, phraseological dialectisms are also often explained in footnotes, since their semantics may not be completely clear to the general public. At the same time, we observe the use of phonetic, morphological, accentuation and phraseological dialectisms precisely in the speech of the characters, although lexical ones are also presented in the author's speech. In addition, the researched work presents significant monologues of characters, which contain a number of various speech units from different structural levels of the language. Among the morphological dialectisms, we note speech features primarily in the field of nouns, in particular, the presence of the ending -y in the genitive singular of feminine nouns of the third declension; in verb forms, primarily in the preservation of ancient forms of the past tense, the function of the participle-postfix -sia is mainly in the preposition; in the writer's representation of a number of dialect forms of official parts of speech, as well as exclamations. Accentuational dialectisms are mostly paroxytonated units. Word-forming dialectisms differ from literary language mainly by suffixes, less often by prefixes. Phraseological dialecticisms used in the text of the novel are emotionally saturated, are an important element of the characters' speech, and function mostly with the main component of the verb and verbal semantics. The researched types of dialectisms recorded in the prose text are presented in dialects of the southwestern dialect, primarily Hutsul, Transnistrian, Bukovinian, Transcarpathian, and Boykish. The analyzed dialect units are an important component of the characters' individual speech, logically woven into the linguistic fabric of the artistic text.

“Writing-to-learn”: the influence of task repetition on CSL writers’ attention to form

Abstract The “writing-to-learn” dimension of the second language (L2) writing has generated theoretical and empirical intrigue in the past decade. Task repetition is one variable of interest; however, little attention has been given to its role in individuals’ writing processes. This study explores the influence of task repetition on L2 Chinese learners’ attention to form by analyzing their writing processes. Four advanced learners of Chinese as a second language (CSL) were asked to complete one writing task twice in 10 days under think-aloud conditions. Language-related episodes (LREs), the representation of writers’ attention to form, in participant-produced think-aloud protocols were analyzed along three dimensions: language-related problems, problem-solving strategies, and depth of processing. Results indicated that task repetition in individual writing contributed to learners’ Chinese acquisition, as learners 1) attended closely to the typological characteristics and new/complex forms of Chinese; 2) strove for precise language expression; and 3) were granted time to access external resources and expand their linguistic repertoire. Implications related to task repetition in L2 writing, L2 Chinese instruction, and associated research are discussed.

Канадський журнал «Слово Істини» в українському літературному процесі

У статті реалізовано спробу продемонструвати представленість у канадському журналі Івана Огієнка (митрополита Іларіона) «Слово Істини» (1947–1951 роки) окремих проявів українського літературного процесу на прикладі письменників (белетристів, літературознавців, прозаїків і поетів) Леоніда Білецького, Семена Гаєвсь­кого, Володимира Дорошенка, Ігоря Качуровського, Леоніда Мосендза, Петра Одарченка, Бориса Олександріва, Яра Славутича, Михайла Садиленка. Через журнал І. Огієнко у важкий період після закінчення Другої світової війни закликав громадськість підтримати письменників матеріально, сам регулярно займався такою допомогою і публікував повідомлення про факти підтримки літераторів; слова подяки за цю допомогу, які виходили від українських письменників, також публікувалися на сторінках часопису. В журналі українські письменники високо оцінювали працю І. Огієнка «Історія української літературної мови», через яку коло письменництва значно розширювалось, у тому числі й за рахунок авторів із совєтської України. Журнал публікував поезію та прозу не лише релігійного (переважно самого митрополита Іларіона), а й світського характеру. Літератори на тлі тодішньої мовної розхристаності високо поціновували високий рівень грамотності, притаманний «Слову Істини». На сторінках журналу знаходила місце і творчість українських письменників попереднього часу, які на той час уже пішли з життя (Спиридона Черкасенка, Юрія Клена). В статті йдеться і про чималі труднощі, з якими стикався І. Огієнко у видавничій справі, зокрема про критику малої автури часопису «Слово Істини», про окремі спроби ігнорування журналу. Безпосередня представленість письменників на журнальних шпальтах «Слова Істини» подається на більш широкому тлі творчого шляху того чи іншого письменника, його зв’язків з Іваном Огієнком. При всій фрагментарній репрезентованості українського літературного процесу в журналі «Слово Істини» ці фрагменти й нині є важливим матеріалом, без якого загальна картина української літератури була б неповною.

Exploration on Writing Ability Considering Thinking Styles in Engineering Freshmen

This research aims to explore the relationships between academic writing ability and ‘thinking styles’ (capable of representing individual differences and diversity) in engineering freshmen in Korea, and to draw educational implications for the development of instructional strategies. (Academic) Writing is not just about conveying an idea or content, it is also about the representation of writer’s self. In this perspective, there has been some research conducted on writing (process) and personality. However, to date, little attention has been paid to writing ability of engineering students and its relationships with thinking styles. This study was conducted with 127 engineering freshmen as well as 67 non-engineering freshmen at H University, and students'' writing ability as well as their thinking styles have been measured before and after writing class for 15 weeks. Our findings show that firstly, there was a significant difference of writing ability by majors. Second, there were significant differences in freshmen’s thinking styles by majors. Third, there was significant differences of writing ability according to thinking styles. Freshmen’s internal, legislative and hierarchical styles scored significantly higher in writing ability than the others. And as for the engineering freshmen, internal, external and global styles scored significantly higher in writing ability than the others. Finally, there was a weak but significant relationship between writing ability and thinking styles(hierarchical & internal). These findings are expected to provide an explanation for the development of instructional strategies of writing (related) courses in engineering school.

Unique Representations of Moses in the Works of Harriet Martineau, Charlotte Brontë, and George Eliot

Abstract This article uses two methods to examine George Eliot's poem “The Death of Moses,” which has not yet been fully analyzed. One is the comparative analysis of Moses represented by Eliot's contemporary writers, Harriet Martineau and Charlotte Brontë. The other provides a consideration of how this poem relates to some other works in Eliot's corpus, for example, “Agatha,” “Self and Life,” and “Mordecai's Hebrew Verses.” These methods clarify the uniqueness of each writer's representation and give us a better understanding of Eliot's ideas and intentions in “The Death of Moses.” Eliot creates a pathetic image of Moses, which symbolizes the weakness in the great prophet as well as the conflicting emotions caused by the inevitable experience of the human encounter with death. This poem is not only interesting as Eliot's version of midrash in the context of reworking of the bible, but it also deals with the concept of immortality, a theme that would be inherited by the later novelist Virginia Woolf. Furthermore, this poem invites us to be more sensitive to the interconnectedness of poems across authors and literary periods.

The conception of Umberto Eco’s literary art and representation of writer’s model “Umberto Eco - M-author”

The conception of Umberto Eco’s literary art and representation of writer’s model “Umberto Eco - M-author”

‘Egotist’, ‘Masochist’, ‘Supplicant’: Charlie and Donald Kaufman and the Gendered Screenwriter as Creative Worker

This article offers a gendered reading of the screenwriter as creative worker in the context of the unequal socio-economy of screenwriting work. A number of ideal subject positions for the screenwriter are evoked in screenwriting manuals, pedagogies and representations of writers themselves, in particular, the ‘egotist’, the ‘masochist’ and the ‘supplicant’. These subjects are masculine in orientation although rarely acknowledged in gendered terms. The article draws on findings from a three-year study of British screenwriters but for the purposes of this volume, focuses on on-screen portrayals of screenwriting work. In particular, the analysis looks at the film Adaptation (2002) and the ways in which the film and its characters embody these subject positions. Not only are these ideal types circulated and recirculated in discourse about screenwriting as creative work but they are constitutive of screenwriting as a profession and a representative sphere.

Exploring Representations of Self by Diasporic Muslim Writers

This paper highlights four completed graduate research projects conducted at the School of Language Studies and Linguistics in the area of Muslim identity in fiction. The four writers chosen are Palestinian-Egyptian-Australian Randa Abdel-Fattah, Ethiopian-Yemeni Mohamad Abdul Wali, Greek-American Jamilah Kolocotronis and Afghani-American Khalid Hosseini. These writers are part of the ever growing diasporic Muslim canon that continues to explore issues of self and the politics of diaspora. The discussion investigates each writer's representation of the Muslim Self with themes which include confronting identity crisis of a minority adolescent, challenging the fractured identity of a minority migrant, defying religious identity representation of a revert, and exoticizing identity of the Muslim landscape. In conclusion, we contend that the Muslim fiction writers problematize the issue of identity of Muslims in the world today given their heterogeneous landscapes and social/cultural contestations.

Recipes as Memory Work: Slave Food

Contemporary African American and Afro-Caribbean cookbook authors and food memoirists seek to make the past of slavery seem more relevant and meaningful to twenty-first century readers by invoking the idea of ‘slave food’ as some common ground between themselves as eating subjects and the countless bondspeople who struggled to ensure their loved ones had enough nourishment to face the arduous tasks that lay before them every grinding day during the time of slavery. This essay turns to Marianne Hirsch's concept of ‘postmemory’ to elucidate the historical impulse to cook and eat the past as a way of understanding what it took to survive the trauma of chattel slavery practiced in the American South and throughout the Caribbean, by reading the individual recipes for slave food as textual snapshots that lend an aura of historical authenticity to each writer's representation of a communal legacy indelibly marked by the trauma of transatlantic slavery. Following Grant Farred's and Paul Gilroy's lead, I argue that the cookbook authors emerge as ‘grounded vernacular intellectuals’, whose professional knowledge of food preparation and the culinary arts give them the authority to discuss the cultural implications of cooking and eating traditional foodways, whereas the memoirists emerge as ‘conventionally trained intellectuals’ because of their formal education and institutional ties to the academy, as manifested in the pages of their books. Both sets of writers perform the memory work of honoring their unnamed slave ancestors through the publication of their food writing. Through the expository prose of the recipes, these texts invite the reader to join in the process of theorising the past of slavery by simulation (eating like slaves) and incorporation (eating like slaves). The goals of the type of memory work performed by these texts are to educate as well as feed its readers.

Orientalist divagations: four French authors in Egypt

A primary assumption of this essay is that certain French modernists, by positing an internal fragmentation of the self, were sensitised in some measure to the limitations of orientalist representations of Egypt and Egyptians and attempted a more open or responsive style of literary engagement with the country and its people. Evidence of this shift can be detected in the travel writings of Gérard de Nerval and Gustave Flaubert whose responses to life in Egypt simultaneously exemplify, countermand, and transcend standard orientalist procedures, as acknowledged by notable critics of orientalism. In this way the two authors establish an intellectual genealogy extending into the twentieth century with the work of André Gide and Jean Cocteau who, like their predecessors, attempt to capture the charged encounter between the Western observer and the various human objects of his or her libidinal attentions in the exoticised East. In each case a personal aesthetic seems to inflect the writer's representation of the Egyptian Other in a way that draws attention less to the question of cultural difference than to a sense of perceptual and representational inadequacy on the part of the writer-observer who struggles to enlarge his cultural purview in a way that lends an ironic dignity to the otherwise disparaged or stereotyped bodies of his literary gaze.

‘Mind you stay on the path!’ The representation of the parent–child relationship in stories for children

It is widely accepted that stories for children may function as educational vehicles to the extent that they model and reflect expectations about children's and adults’ roles and responsibilities. The educational message may be communicated directly through explicit evaluation of characters and events by the narrative voice or indirectly through the writer's representation of the main characters (their actions, experiences and words). This paper presents the findings from a comparative systemic functional linguistics-based discourse analysis of 10 modern British and Italian versions of the popular fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood. The analysis shows that – even when telling the same story – very different messages may be conveyed to children in relation to their own and their parents’ responsibility for problems and solutions. It is argued that the insight provided by this study may add to the understanding of cross-cultural differences in pedagogical goals and inform the practice of storytelling in educational contexts.

Over Our Dead Bodies: Emilia Pardo Bazan, Rosario Ferre, and the Feminine Fantastic

This article examines how the nineteenth-century Spanish author Emilia Pardo Bazan and the twentieth-century Puerto Rican writer Rosario Ferre employ the fantastic's hesitation between natural and supernatural events to encourage the reader to pause and reflect upon the objectification of females and the closing of narratives over their dead bodies. In the stories studied, Pardo Bazan's El destripador de antano (The Ripper of Yesteryear, 1900), and Ferre's La muneca menor (The Youngest Doll, 1976) and La bella durmiente (Sleeping Beauty, 1976), the two authors employ a strikingly similar strategy to question men's figurations of the feminine: they take a prevalent literary image of women as inanimate beings (as a cadaver and as a doll, respectively) and complicate this image in such a way that they undermine the idea of passivity that informs the male writer's representation of females. In the process, they call into question both the masculine underpinnings of the aesthetics they engage (of naturalism and the fantastic) and the authority of various male figures (doctors, priests, fathers and husbands) who consider control over women's bodies their natural right.

To Be a Writer: Representations of Writers in Recent Children's Novels

To Be a Writer: Representations of Writers in Recent Children's Novels

La reprsentation ambivalente de l'Autochtone dans le roman qubcois: vers une perspective postcoloniale

This article will begin with a survey of the relatively small number of studies of the figure of the Native in the literature of Quebec and will then continue by considering critical studies of the Native in other former settler colonies such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Criticism from both Quebec and other former settler colonies links the representation of the Native to the need for the white settler to identify with his or her new territory, to criticize white society and to distinguish this society from its European ancestor. Next, by using the postcolonial theory of Homi Bhahba, this article relates the ambivalent nature of the Qubcois writer's representation of the Native to a lack present in the colonizer's psyche that leads to a partial identification with, yet at the same time fear of, the colonized other. This theoretical perspective leads to a different interpretation of the function of the Native in Quebec literature than in previous studies, which underlined the settler colony status of Quebec. By using Bhahba's theory, the representation of the Native can be more closely compared with paradigms of representation used in non-settler colonial contexts. The article concludes by noting that in spite of its contribution to our understanding of ambivalence in the representation of the Native, Bhabha's theory does not account for the metaphorical function played by the Native in Quebec literature of the Quiet Revolution.

Ciało. Płeć. Literatura. Prace ofiarowane Profesorowi Germanowi Ritzowi w pięćdziesiÄ tÄ rocznicę urodzin by Tadeusz Korsak (review)

REVIEWS 97 the prosodyis often uneven, at timesthe stylebecomes patchy and the rhythm stumbleson sporadicinternalrhymes.The poetic impulsehere remainsnaked and defenceless;it seems to be too intense to be fullyintegratedinto a faultless form. The emphasis is placed on the original vision and concept that are developed in a restrainedand nonchalant manner. One should not look for perfection in Bart's poems, but perhaps envisage them as growing crystals, captured at the most unexpected moments: as one of his contemporariesput it 'it is not an easy task to read Bart [ ...] but we cannot put him aside, we cannot help the feelingthat he is the truepoet' (p. 26). LanguageCentre, RussianStudies 0. Yu. SOBOLEV London School ofEconomics Korsak, Tadeusz et al. (eds). Ciabo. Ptec.Literatura. Praceofiarowane Profesorowi Germanowi Ritzowi w pi,edziesiqtq roczniccurodzin.Wiedza powszechna, Warsaw, 2001. XXiV + 727 pp. Illustrations. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Priceunknown. GERMAN RITZ, Professorof Slavic literatures,is perhaps best known outside his native Switzerlandas an eminent contributorto the field of PolishStudies. His two principallines of enquiryarethe interrelationshipbetween Polishand German culture, and gender and sexualitiesas reflectedin literature;sufficeit here to mention his ground-breakingwork on male writers such as Jerzy Andrzejewski,Tadeusz Breza, Witold Gombrowicz,Jaroslaw Iwaszkiewicz, and Wilhelm Mach. Largely responsible for the expansion of Slavic literary studies at the University of Zurich, his base since I987, he is also highly esteemed as lecturer,teacher, and supervisor. This Festschrift, published on the occasion of Ritz's fiftieth birthday, is in many ways a model of the genre. In addition to an opening tributewrittenby his Doktorvater Peter Brang, an introductory biographical 'scholarly profile' and an extensive bibliographywhich begins with Ritz's thesis on the Russian translations of Heinrich Heine (i 982), there are thirty-one articles on literature, philosophy and art, written by accomplished authors from four differentcountries. The editors' chronological organization takes the reader through three main divisions, all of which demonstratethat gender (pec')and the body (ciabo) in Slavicliteraturesandculturesis avalid, distinctand complex subject. Following Grzegorz Strumyk'slaudatoryjuxtaposition of the writer-poet's creativitywith that of the writer-scholarRitz, Rolf Fieguthopens the nineteen essays on Polish literature splendidly with 'The Borders of Irony in Juliusz Slowacki's Kordian'('Granice ironii w Kordianie Juliusza Slowackiego'). Emphasizing the eponymous Romantic hero's continual moral and spiritual vacillations, the author proposes to treat this play (I833) not only in a onesidedlyironic light but also in termsof a Great Drama, human, individual,on the one hand, nationaland universal,on the other.MikolajSokolowskifollows suitby lookingat the linguisticriddlesin Slowacki'sunfinishedKing-Spirit (KrolDuch ,I847), whilst Kazimiera Szczuka examines the role of femininity in his poem In Switzerland (W Szwajcarii,I839). Anton Sergl, in his intricate but 98 SEER, 82, I, 2004 fascinating article on Zygmunt Krasifiski's UndivineComedy(Nie-Boskakomedia, I833), addresses the gender trouble in the celebrated play by the most 'Hegelian' of the Polish Romantics. A final piece on nineteenth-century literature is offered byjaroslaw Topolewski, who examines the 'Biedermeyerian ' self-stylization ofJadwiga Luszczewska (aka Deotyma, I 834- I 908). A sizeable group of essays on pre-Second World War writers comprises Bozena Choluj on Stanislaw Przybyszewski's (anti-)Nietzschean utopia of love and Krystyna Klosifiska on the dark force of the male libido in Stefan Grabifiski's psycho-fantastic 'Szamota's Mistress' ('Kochanka Szamoty', I 9 I 9). Anna Nasilowska discusses 'feminist' modernity in the writings of Zofia Kossak-Szczucka, Hanna Malewska and Zofia Starowieyska-Morstinowa; Barbara Smolefi traces thanatic femininity in Zofia Nalkowska's novel The ImpatientOnes(Niecierpliwi,1939); Agata Araszkiewicz considers the question of gendered tendentiousness in Irena Krzywicka's early novels. Aleksander Fiut, in As If From Behind a Window. The Portrait of the Ukrainian in the Prose of Jaroslaw Iwaszkiewicz' (jak za szyba. Portret Ukraifica w prozie Jaroslawa Iwaskiewicza'), argues effectively that the writer's representation of Poland's Eastern neighbours must be described as xenophobically prejudiced, youthfully erratic at best. Another piece on Iwaszkiewicz is offered by Gra2yna Borkowska, who discusses the integrated nature of his verbal artistry, while Ewa Graczyk writes refreshingly on the heroes of Witold Gombrowicz's blatantly homoerotic Possessed (Opftani, 1939), whose minds are straddled between the Freudian understanding of trauma as the source of obsessive repetition and the metaphysical concept of evil characteristic...

"Der richtige Riecher": The Reconfiguration of Jewish and Austrian Identities in the Work of Doron Rabinovici

In a country such as Austria, whose 10,000 Jews represent a tiny fraction of a total population of nearly eight million, the claim that great significance for either nationhood or Jewish identity lies in the literature of contemporary Jewish authors might seem tenuous. But close examination of recent Jewish literature reveals more relevance to these issues of identity than the numbers would indicate. By either challenging or remaining within standard boundaries and definitions of identity, these works provide a unique commentary on the formation of minor literature and its role in the transformation of both majority and cultures. As one ofthe first writers to address this phenomenon, Franz Kafka maintained that a small literature, due to its size, lacks the revered forces of a classic, traditional of the (such as Goethe), but succeeds because it actually provides more of an opportunity for the author to shape an identity through writing. Kafka claimed that the lack of outstanding talents rendered the of the small literature more lively, allowing a writer to break free of traditional rules and tropes ofthe classical language to shape the consciousness of the collective. Later theorists built upon this idea to define a small or minor literature more concretely, by a use of deterritorialized language, a connection between the writer and political events, and a writer's representation of collective values. 1 The examination of the literature of contemporary Jewish writers Doron Rabinovici and Ruth Kluger against such theories of cultural difference and nation formation will illustrate the unique ways in which this literature may or may not transform the very condition it describes, namely, the relationships between Jews and non-Jewish Austrians on both private and public levels. As will be shown, the works of Rabinovici, a writer of the post-Holocaust generation, serve to transform this relationship, by rejecting standard definitions of minority identity, and by subverting the common notion that 'ewish and Austrian are two distinct, firmly bounded categories. The work of Kliger, however, as a writer of an earlier generation, reveals her desire or need to maintain much of the traditional definitions of 'Jew and Austrian of her youth. As this paper will argue, the recent works of both authors not only pinpoint the complex issues embedded in common definitions of what is 'Jewish and what is Austrian, but also provide useful examples of applications of contemporary cultural discourse to literature, highlighting its important role in discussions of cultural difference and national identity in Austria and beyond. At stake in this discussion is not whether the literature discussed fits a strict, exclusive list of criteria for minor literature, but rather the fact that this and other theories of a similar nature can provide a specific vocabulary which allows for a deeper understanding of the political impact of literature on identity formation. In her autobiographical book weiter leben: Eine Jugend, published in 1992 in Germany, emigrant writer Ruth Kliger tells the story of her life, as the sheltered daughter of middle-class Jewish parents in Vienna, where she was born, to her subsequent internment in three concentration camps, and then as a displaced person and American professor of German literature. Kluger's comments on the importance of the German to her, as an emigrant to the United States writing in German, and as a Jewish victim of Nazi persecution, show how can serve as a cultural barrier as it simultaneously provides a source of identity. For Kluger, who was only thirteen years old when she entered Auschwitz, both reciting and writing German poetry were important parts of her early survival skills, even before her deportation. Especially after she was no longer allowed to attend school, as a Jewish child in Vienna, German and books kept her company while her mother worked. …

Unique Portraits of the Evangelists in an English Gospel-Book of the Twelfth Century

THE most imposing illustrations in the Gospel-books of the early middle ages are the portraits of the Four Evangelists. Their prototypes were the late antique representations of writers, poets, or philosophers who are shown sometimes accompanied by their Muses.1 But, unlike the usually formal and static juxtaposition of the antique figures, the Evangelists and their symbols assume a great variety of interesting interrelations. Perhaps the most unusual combination is found in an illustrated manuscript of the Gospels now at the Pierpont Morgan Library (MS 777).2 The Four Evangelists are represented seated upon their respective apocalyptic symbols, an iconographic scheme unique in the early middle ages.