Representations Of Masculinity Research Articles

Undermining the Moral Obligations of Manhood Acts

Hybrid masculinities—men's integration of previously marginalized characteristics into acceptable performances of manhood—are emergent in contemporary gender studies. While some scholars see egalitarian promise in these configurations of manhood, their utility in improving gender equality is contested. Drawing from an ethnography of a profeminist Batterer Intervention Program (BIP), I utilize prominent symbolic interactionist theories to explore how men in the program were resocialized to a hybrid hegemonic masculinity. I position defining the situation as fundamental to manhood acts and show how rules in the BIP alter establishment of the working consensus, prompting resocialization even when participants reject ideological or educational program content. The process of resocialization is bolstered by masculinity affirmations deployed when men exhibit desired traits, but undermined by false indicators of change and protective practices deployed by other men. At their most severe, these patterns resulted in symbolic egalitarians—men who promptly adopt the progressive sign‐equipment of the hybrid masculinity, but actively shore up their gendered power. I conclude that awareness of these processes can improve men's interventions, and demonstrate the effectiveness of symbolic interactionism for explaining how hybrid masculinities result in various fields of egalitarian outcomes informed by other theories of masculinity.

The Representation of Toxic Masculinity in the "Do Revenge" Movie

Toxic masculinity is a social condition created by society in which men can't express their feelings, and they shouldn't cry and be weak otherwise, they will be violating the norm, that's because they can't express their feelings; they use violence, emphasizes power, discrimination against gender in general. Netflix's movie entitled Do Revenge present an american teenager with some problems in their life, and it presents the character that represents the behavior of toxic masculinity named Max Broussard. This study used the theory of toxic masculinity by Kupers (2001) to identify how Max's character represents toxic masculinity in the movie. The qualitative method with a case study approach was the primary methodology of this research. The researcher gathered the data by watching the movie, reviewing earlier studies, and concentrating on the language and the scene that addressed either direct or indirect toxic masculinity issues. Previous research has not specifically classified various forms of toxic masculinity, such as misogyny, greed, homophobia, and violent domination, within the context of character behavior in the movie. Therefore, the novelty of this research lies in the more detailed classification of the forms of toxic masculinity that emerge in the character of Max in the movie "Do Revenge". The results of the study showed that the character represents toxic masculinity in the movie with 13 scenes and 15 dialogue data in the form of misogyny with the criteria hatred towards women, aggressive, likes to organize women, greed with the motive of sex, and violent domination with the category control, intimidation, and bullying.

Representation of masculinity in Garnier Men Acnofight ads on Youtube (Jhon Fiske's semiotic analysis of Garnier Men Ads by Iqbaal Ramadhan)

Representation of masculinity in Garnier Men Acnofight ads on Youtube (Jhon Fiske's semiotic analysis of Garnier Men Ads by Iqbaal Ramadhan)

Representation of ideal male masculinity in build-in Ms Glow for men advertisements in Youtube content @Andrew Kalaweit

Representation of ideal male masculinity in build-in Ms Glow for men advertisements in Youtube content @Andrew Kalaweit

The Gender-Sexuality Continuum in K-12 Spaces: A Case Study of Five Male Educators Teaching Youth in New York City

ABSTRACT The prevalence of hegemonic masculinity praxis and heteropatriarchal normalization in the United States produces a challenging work environment for male K-12 teachers in dance-educational spaces. This interview-based case study investigates five male New York City-based K-12 dance educators’ personal, cultural, and professional identities relating to students, the education environment, and the community. Building on existing masculinity theory, gender-in-dance, and psychosocial research, this study furthers the understanding of beliefs, values, biases, and opinions of dancing men within K-12 schools. Data present (a) current gendered experiences within dance curricula, (b) community concerns related to the queerness of dance, and (c) contrarily, the frequent celebration of students’ gender-sexuality expressions. The interviewed teachers report increased acceptance of the art form and, conversely, increased binary thinking. Participants indicate that male teenagers have difficulty finding support and affirmation for engaging in a dance curriculum.

Unveiling toxic masculinity symbols: Peircean semiotic analysis in films “Seperti Dendam Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas”

“Seperti Dendam Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas” movie depicts how societal pressures concerning masculine characters are illustrated through male attractiveness, centered around their genitalia, the dominance of power, the suppression of emotions or sadness, and physical strength and toughness. According to Terry A. Kupers, toxic masculinity comprises four main components: the suppression of anything labeled as feminine, emotional repression, male domination, and aggression. This study employs a qualitative and descriptive approach to illustrate the phenomenon of toxic masculinity in films. The data collection is conducted through documentary, observational, and literary methods and subsequently analyzed using Peirce's semiotics by examining icons, indexes, and symbols. The research results demonstrate that the representation of toxic masculinity in the film is portrayed through Ajo Kawir as the main character who suffers from impotence and adopts masculine traits to mask his condition. Toxic masculinity behavior is more likely to be produced when Ajo Kawir's masculinity is threatened. Ajo's toxic masculinity behavior becomes more extreme after experiencing erectile dysfunction. Furthermore, this research reveals that sexual power is a part of toxic masculinity, depicted by viewing male genitalia as a symbol of virility. Related to the characteristics of toxic masculinity, this research identifies a complementary character in Kupers' concept, which is excessive sexual processes.

The Ideal Meal: Masculinity and Disability among Host and Guests in Luke

In the Gospel of Luke, the social gathering of the meal appears again and again. It is a setting for Jesus’ interactions as well as a topic of conversation. Drawing on theories of disability and masculinity, this article examines the various meal scenes in Luke 14. The focus is on Jesus’ advice to the host about who to invite and who not to invite when hosting a meal (vv. 12–14). This saying constructs a complex and intersecting web of potential guests. Those that should not be invited, belong to the social world of the privileged man: his brother, friend, relative and rich neighbor. Representing different levels of his radius of trust, they all have something to give back. The preferred guests in Jesus’ parable, however, are those who lack the resources to give anything back, due to bodily disability and lack of means: “The poor, the crippled, the lame and the blind” (Luke 14:14, NRSV). The article thus examines how health, economic ability, and gender intersect. The ideal meal in the Gospel of Luke negotiates the complex social web of the ancient world. We suggest that disability and masculinity are key issues and scrutinize these categories to rethink the social make-up of ideal communities as suggested by Luke.

For All (Wo)mankind: Advancing a Feminist Critique of US Space Policy

Though significant attention has been paid to the early absence of women astronauts and the difficulty in reducing gender gaps there and in the broader fields of science, technology, engineering, and math fields, little analysis has been done of the ways in which gender influences space policy in the United States. This article argues that a feminist critique is not only necessary but also needs to be advanced in a more sustained manner. To do so, it outlines feminist arguments including those of feminist international relations theory and hegemonic masculinity theory. It then notes the few studies undertaken in this area highlighting the lack of recency and frequency in them. Then, it presents two cases of a feminist critique: the masculine nature of space power theory and the influence of hegemonic masculinity theory in the commercial space industry. It concludes with noting several different areas ripe for such feminist analysis as well as analyses focusing on the intersectional nature of the space domain.As the pace and speed of events in space continues to increase, this article highlights the importance of addressing these imbalances now before societal and power imbalances have the opportunity to reach beyond Earth orbit.

Representasi Maskulinitas Iklan Joe Taslim X Fadil Jaidi Versi “Siapakah BA Head and Shoulders Selanjutnya?”

The purpose of this research is to analyze the representation of masculinity and the meaning of myths contained in Joe Taslim X Fadil Jaidi advertisement for the version “Siapakah BA Head & Shoulders Selanjutnya”. This research method uses interpretive qualitative methods with Roland Barthes' Semiotics analysis technique. The focus of this research is the characteristics of masculinity proposed by Beynon. The object of this research is the scenes in the advertisement for Joe Taslim X Fadil Jaidi's version of "Who is the Next BA Head and Shoulders?" representing masculinity. The results obtained in this study can be concluded that Joe Taslim X Fadil Jaidi advertisement version "Siapakah BA Head & Shoulders Selanjutnya" has a relationship with masculinity traits, no sissy stuff, be a big wheel, be a sturdy oak, give em hell, new man as narcissist, male nature that is macho and hooliganism, and metrosexual man who glorifies fashion but in terms of masculinity, the new man as nurturer Joe Taslim and Fadil Jaidi do not show their fatherly side and are involved in the domestic arena.

Breaking the Mold: Masculinities and Family Dynamics in Detransition, Baby

There is a frequent impression that critical studies on men and masculinities focus exclusively on heterosexual, cisgender masculinities, which promote ideals of masculinity and exclude the masculinities of a range of men who do not comply with gender norms. Genderqueer men and masculinities have drawn scrutiny, and several works have addressed masculinities that diverge from the prevailing one. However, trans masculinities have largely been ignored. Even while research and theorization indicate a growing interest in subaltern masculinities relative to the hegemonic masculinities, trans men have generally not been seen as particularly relevant in the field of critical studies of men and masculinities. In this regard, Torrey Peter’s 2021 novel, Detransition, Baby, provides an excellent basis for comprehending how trans-masculinities fit into society and for analysing critical studies on men and masculinities from a transgender viewpoint. This research aims to contribute to the growing interest on transgender literature and gender studies by examining the representation of trans masculinities and non-traditional family relations in Detransition, Baby. It highlights the value of the work in depicting the complexity of gender identity, familial relationships, and cultural conventions, ultimately developing a broader knowledge of trans experiences and alternate family structures in modern literature.

Mapping Postcolonial Marginalisation and Reactive/Adaptive Models of Masculinity

Abstract This article examines the representation of postcolonial marginalisation and adaptive/reactive models of masculinity in NoViolet Bulawayo’s novel, We Need New Names. It focuses on the representations of masculinities in the text and their ramifications and entanglements at the global, regional and local levels. The analysis is mediated via a triangulation of the concepts of hegemonic masculinity, masculine (over)compensation and masculine hybridisation. It establishes that a culture of both hegemony and domination mediates and permeates masculine relations resulting in the enactment of reactive and adaptive responses in the form of both masculine (over)compensation and masculine hybridisation. These responses are mainly enacted by those subaltern masculinities who are at the receiving end of domination and hegemony. Additionally, these responses favour the enhancement of male domination and/or patriarchy as opposed to gender equality. They also do not favour the promotion of a culture of tolerance, democracy and/or human rights discourses that are central to the realities of much of the contemporary world.

Representation of Masculinity in the Poetry Anthology "Barista tanpa Nama" by Agus Noor

Representation of Masculinity in the Poetry Anthology "Barista tanpa Nama" by Agus Noor

REPRESENTATION OF NEW MASCULINITY IN KEANU VERSION OF MS GLOW ADVERTISEMENT ON YOUTUBE

Masculinity is a gender representation that is often used in advertising to persuade consumers. The purpose of this research is to reveal a new representation of masculinity in Keanu's version of Ms Glow advertisement on Youtube. This research focuses on the new masculinity depicted in Keanu's version of Ms Glow ad on Youtube. The data in this study are words, phrases, images, and colors that are in each scene of Keanu's version of Ms Glow's advertisement on Youtube. This study is included in qualitative research. The approach used in this research is John Fsike's semiotics which involves codes and signs. These signs and codes are a form of social practice. The new masculinity construction that appears is analyzed by paying attention to all aspects that exist in each advertising scene. The analysis carried out in this study was carried out in 3 stages, namely by paying attention to the level of reality, the level of representation, and the level of ideology. The results of this study indicate that the Keanu version of Ms Glow's advertisement on Youtube uses a new masculinity with the masculinity style found in this study, which is shown by showing a man who looks casual, has bright skin, and gestures that are graceful or waving. This shows the nature that leads to a new masculinity. The term new masculinity refers to a modern representation of masculinity. This modern masculine is not seen in the physical appearance that leads to social and culture.

Real Men Do Good Sex: Black South African Masculinities in Men's Clinic International Adverts

This article focuses on the representations of black masculinities in television advertisements for Men's Clinic International, a popular franchise of clinics in South Africa that specialises in men's sexual and reproductive health. It explores the ideological assumptions underlying the various constructions of manhood portrayed in the adverts in relation to men's sexual health. Three interconnected themes emerged from the analysis of the texts, namely the centrality of the phallic, masculinity as a sexual performance and the nature and representation of femininities. The article discusses how the adverts work to portray models of black masculinity and male sexuality in such a way that “true” manhood is framed as heterosexual, monogamous, intertwined with male vulnerabilities, performance-based and largely dependent on the female partner's sexual satisfaction.

Value Orientations of Young Cossacks (Using the Example of the Cossack Hundred at SRSPU (NPI))

This article investigates the spiritual and moral values, cultural and domestic traditions of youth who join Cossack organisations during their university education. The study focuses on students who are members of the Platov Cossack Hundred, established at the Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI). The data analysed in this research were obtained through standardised interviews with members of the Platov Cossack Hundred. The aim of the study is to identify the value orientations, values, and their hierarchy in the minds of student Cossacks. The values of Cossack youth are examined from the perspective of a system rooted in "collective representations" (É.Durkheim). The theory of masculinity is employed to explore the role of the Cossack man in the culture of everyday family life and interaction practices.
 The article provides a brief overview of the scientific literature devoted to describing and analysing the historical development of the River Don Cossacks, the peculiarities of their military activities, everyday life, culture, values, and traditions. It demonstrates the matrix of values of Cossack youth, the core of which consists of justice and family. Empirical data lead to the conclusion that traditional stereotypes of "a man as a warrior" and "a man as a protector" are being formed, along with patriarchal ideas of "the man as the head of the family", religious beliefs, and ethnic identity, as "an Orthodox person with a unique culture, traditions, and customs".
 In everyday life, family relationships are characterised by a desire for egalitarianism and parity in decision-making and child-rearing. The article notes that the foundation of the respondents' value matrix is the cultural-historical basis of militarised masculinity, based on the idea of "serving and defending one's Homeland". The primary motivation for joining the Platov Cossack Hundred is the desire for participation and identification with Cossack culture and traditions.
 The authors emphasise the importance not only of the institution of the family but also of higher education in the actualisation and reproduction of the cultural distinctiveness of regional youth. It is concluded that young people with a strong ethnocultural component prioritise traditional values (patriotism, service to the Homeland, justice, strong families) that shape not only regional (ethno-social) identity but also a pan-Russian civic identity.

“Tall, Dark and Tasty”: Masculinity in Food and Beverage Advertising

Abstract Food and drinks are necessary components of daily life. Similar to other types of advertising, food advertising frequently employs images of models to promote a company’s products, thus creating stereotypically gendered representations. This study aims to analyse the key discursive strategies employed in the representation of masculinity (and femininity) in contemporary food and beverage advertising in a sample of 35 print advertisements launched between 2000 and 2020. Food and beverages constitute utilitarian products, in contrast to hedonic products. This study analyses posters that promote products that fit into five major categories: (1) alcoholic and (2) non-alcoholic beverages, (3) fast food, (4) snacks, and (5) sport nutrition, in order to trace the relation between the types of endorsed products and the strategies employed in the representations of masculinity. Among the brands advertised are Burger King, Carl’s Jr., Coca-Cola, Maximuscle, McDonald’s, KFC and Nespresso. The study investigates how ideals of masculinity (and femininity) are represented, especially in terms of body ideals, and how these representations construct and promote socially desirable gendered bodies, thus having an impact on an individual’s satisfaction with their own body. We will show that the “framing of visibility” featuring male models as strong and therefore powerful, with trained muscular bodies, is contrasted with the “framing of invisibility,” in which female models are primarily represented as skinny and lightweight, but hyper-feminine and sexually appealing, which in turn leads to their objectification and sexualisation.

Representasi Toxic Masculinity Pada Film “Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas”: Analisis Semiotika Model Jhon Fiske

This article aims to describe the representation of toxic masculinity in the film "Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas" through the main male character and film scenes. The film analysis of "Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas" employs the semiotic data analysis technique using John Fiske's model. There are three levels of coding in this model: the level of reality, the level of representation, and the level of ideology. The research findings indicate that the representation of toxic masculinity portrayed by the main character at the level of reality is evident in the category of costumes, as seen in Ajo Kawir's simple attire. The level of representation code depicting toxic masculinity is displayed through cinematography techniques such as medium shots, close-ups, two shots, and over-the-shoulder shots. The ideology level observed is the high individualism of Ajo Kawir, who exhibits a sense of superiority, acts in his self-interest, and is stubborn. The toxic masculinity of the main character is influenced by past traumas and the patriarchal society depicted through John Fiske's semiotic model. The level of reality of social codes is conveyed through costumes, speech styles, and expressions. The level of representation of social codes is presented through camera work and lighting. The level of ideology of social codes is depicted through actions, dialogues, and character traits.

A mixed method study exploring gender differences in dementia caregiving.

Few studies have investigated the experience of male carers of people with dementia and fewer specifically examined whether male and female carers of people with dementia differ in their approach to the caring role. As such, this research set-out to investigate whether male carers of people with dementia approach the caring role differently to female carers. Data from 167 survey participants (24 males and 143 females) were analysed using a mixed research methodology. Participants' demographics and scores on standardised burden and coping scales were analysed using linear regression. Participants' written responses to open-ended questions were analysed using thematic analysis anchored in theories of hegemonic masculinity. No significant gender differences were identified in carers' coping strategies or self-reported carer burden. However, qualitative analysis revealed strong thematic gender differences like: gendered barriers to help-seeking; gendered service preference; gendered considerations about residential care; gendered expression of burden; and themes of the absent son and exhausted daughter. This research identified that male carers of people with dementia approach help-seeking differently to female carers, typically focusing on addressing functional tasks and refraining from showing emotions, this despite reporting similar carer burden. Rapport building with male carers should start with conversations around functional issues rather than assessing the emotional impact of the caring role. The findings reinforce the need for more qualitative research into the unmet needs of male carers of people with dementia, to inform the design of male-friendly interventions which could facilitate timely access to services by male carers.

Cultural Conditions of Constructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the Polish Environment of West Prussia in the in the Mid-19th Century

The article presents cultural factors contributing to hegemonic masculinity in the Polish community of West Prussia in the mid-19th century. Starting from the perspective of social constructionism, Raewyn Connell’s theory of hegemonic masculinity was used in the research process to reveal the dominant discourse of masculinity in the studied milieu. The source base for the research was the Polish journalism of the region in question (predominantly the local press), mainly from the late 1840s and 1850s, less frequently from later periods. The contextual analysis of the research material made it possible to identify five basic, cultural determinants cultivating hegemonic masculinity in the Polish community of West Prussia in the period studied, analysed in detail (in separate parts) in the present article. These determinants include: the dominant narrative on the role of the male in the family, the position of the male in social structure, the role of the insurrectionary and organic work ethos, the influence of professed faith, including the views proclaimed by Catholic moralists, and the resulting beliefs about male sexuality. The research has shown the significant influence of Catholic ethics and national ideas derived from the nobility on the creation of a hegemonic image of masculinity in the Polish community of the studied region. This discourse was explicitly conservative and essentialist in nature. It also played an important role in maintaining and developing Polish identity in the absence of the Polish statehood.

A HYBRID MASCULINITY CONCEPT IN MEN’S GROOMING PRODUCT ADVERTISEMENT

The study aimed at constructing the identity of Indonesian men in grooming product advertisements based on hybrid masculinity theory by Bridges and Pascoe and Bridges and Barber. This study was conducted by qualitative method. The source of the data was taken from all the texts including embedded texts in the visual ads. The ads were from 8 different brands of grooming products, such as Pond’s Men, Nivea Men, Garnier Men, Men’s Biore, Rexona Men, Axe, Gillette, and Head & Shoulders. The technique for analyzing the data is thematic analysis. The results of this research showed that there are four thematic categories of the ads which showed the phenomenon of hybrid masculinity, they are bodywork, caring, heterosexuality, and family. From the analysis, the researcher found that the theme of bodywork is often used in advertising the grooming product. The researcher concluded that the identity of Indonesian men built on advertisements for grooming products is a man who prioritizes cleanliness and beauty in appearance with physically macho, as well as tough and sensitive to their surroundings