Usage Reports Research Articles

The 12-year trend report of antipsychotic usage in a nationwide claims database derived from four million people in Japan

The current study aimed to describe the use of antipsychotics to clarify the gap between clinical guidelines and health care practice in Japan. We used data from the JMDC Claims Database (JMDC Inc., Tokyo, Japan), a nationwide claims database, from 2005 to 2016. Antipsychotics were defined as drugs coded as N05A with the Anatomical Therapeutic and Chemical (ATC) codes. We described the annual changes in proportions based on the number of patients prescribed any antipsychotics. From the database of 4,081,102 people, the data of 12,382 patients was extracted by applying the following exclusion criteria: no use of antipsychotics, missing the prescription date or dose, inpatients, prescribed antipsychotics only for use as needed, prescribed only injectable antipsychotics except for long-acting injections (LAIs), without schizophrenia as the primary disease, not exceeding 75 mg/day chlorpromazine equivalent, and less than 18 years old. The use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) has been expanding, while the use of first-generation antipsychotics has been decreasing. Aripiprazole accounted for the highest proportion of prescribed antipsychotics (31.9%) in 2016. Even though clozapine is categorized as a SGA, it accounted for a paltry 0.2%. The proportion of prescribed antipsychotics accounted for by LAIs was less than 5%. Although the use of antipsychotics for schizophrenia in Japan mostly corresponds to various clinical guidelines, limited use of clozapine and LAIs was identified. Further research focusing on the factors affecting the prescription of these underused antipsychotics may help advance the pharmacological therapy of schizophrenia.

The Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak: Global Implications for Antimicrobial Resistance.

We are in the midst of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the most significant global health event since Spanish influenza in the early 20th century. Increasingly draconian measures are being implemented worldwide to try to slow the spread of the virus. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been cited as the most significant threat to the global health and global economy in recent years, but is now likely to be eclipsed by COVID-19 for some time. However, the emergence of COVID-19 also presents some important consequences for the development of AMR. This piece will highlight how managing the COVID-19 crisis could impact AMR in the clinic, beyond the clinic in the community, in the environment and in relation to public awareness. When civilization emerges from the other side of this global health emergency, efforts should be made to understand these potential effects on AMR, the other significant, and constant global health issue of our time. In the Clinic Healthcare systems around the world are under increasingly immense pressure. This is leading to several changes in practice that may have impacts on, or relevance to, AMR. For example, the UK government have published several documents relating to COVID-19 management in clinical settings. In the guidance for primary care, it is recommended that any room that has been used for a patient with a suspected SARS-CoV-2 (the causative agent of COVID-19) infection should remain closed and ventilation switched off until full sterilization has taken place (HM Government, 2020a). With regards to infection prevention and control procedure, additional measures are recommended regarding transmission prevention. These include precautions around direct contact with potentially contaminated surfaces, droplets and aerosols (HM Government, 2020b). These may not become routine management options within clinical settings following the COVID-19 pandemic, however, many of these practices may also reduce dissemination of AMR bacteria at a local and global scale. In particular, extra vigilance around hygiene and additional sterilization procedures may reduce the spread of AMR bacteria. It would be interesting to gather data on the prevalence of AMR infections before and after the outbreak to determine if this is the case. Comparison of whole genome sequences of clinical pathogens before, during and after the pandemic is one potential technique that could elucidate changes in carriage of AMR mechanisms circulating in clinical settings. Databases such as BacWGSTdb (Ruan and Feng, 2016) could also be used to track outbreaks of key AMR pathogens to the species, clonal complex or isolate level. With regards to COVID-19 patients contracting secondary bacterial infections, there are very few data so far. However, 1 to 10% of patients have been reported to contract secondary bacterial infections in two separate studies (Lai et al., 2020). This in comparison to infection with pandemic H1N1, where around 12–19% of hospitalized patients with pneumonia developed secondary bacterial infections (Kim, 2020). Given current data it is not possible to predict whether the cases of secondary bacterial infection following development of COVID-19 will increase or decrease overtime. Clinical microbiologists, as well as radiologists, will be key for making these distinctions (Kim, 2020). However, despite the relatively low confirmation of secondary bacterial infections, there have been comparatively more reports of antibiotic usage when treating COVID-19 patients (Lai et al., 2020), including up to 45% of patients receiving antibiotic treatment (Xu et al., 2020). This is even though the World Health Organization recommended against the use of antibiotics during COVID-19 treatment (Cascella et al., 2020). It has also been suggested that certain antibiotics, such as tecioplanin (a glycopeptide antibiotic) could be used as an antiviral after exhibiting activity against coronaviruses (amongst others) previously (Baron et al., 2020). However, great caution should be used given that inappropriate use or overuse of antibiotics is known to be a significant driver of the emergence of AMR. This is why significant focus on AMR revolves around reducing inappropriate or overuse of antibiotics (NICE, 2018). Countries which have made progress in this area may face less AMR secondary bacterial infections than countries that have experienced limited success in reducing antibiotic consumption. Again, it would be interesting to analyse this data, when available. The second reason use of antibiotics should be considered very carefully is that it may lead the public to assume that all antibiotics are suitable for treatment of viral infections (see “Public Awareness,” below).

Delivering search skills training for healthcare staff in England

This study evaluated a national collaborative project to develop generic, freely available e-learning modules on literature search skills for the healthcare workforce in NHS England. Feedback data was drawn from usage reports, an online survey embedded within each module and a separate online survey nationally distributed to health-related library staff. The modules evaluated positively; learners found them useful, they impacted on learning and confirmed or increased knowledge. Only 3% reported that the modules made no difference to their literature search skills. There was also evidence that some libraries were using the modules as part of their local training. The study suggests that although there are challenges in trying to develop a one size fits all approach to e-learning, collaborating with potential end users and trainers can help to maximise its usefulness.

Encountering COUNTER 5

To make fiscally and academically responsible selection and deselection of subscribed content, it is critically important to have reasonably accessible usage data for those resources. To this end, the organizers of Project Counting Online Usage of NeTworked Electronic Resources (COUNTER) initiated the development of a standard known as the COUNTER Code of Practice. Beginning with the year 2019, COUNTER 5 standardized usage reports are available for most commercially published electronic information resources such as online journals, aggregated research databases, and ebooks. This column explores some of the differences between the COUNTER 5 Title Master Report-Journal Report (TR-JR1) report and the COUNTER 4 JR1 report for online journal usage and offers some assistance in extracting specific data from the TR-JR1 report that is not as readily visible as it was in COUNTER 4 reports.

Simulation-Based Assessment of Performance Indicator for Data Center Cooling Optimization

Abstract Data center power consumption has grown substantially in the past 20 years. According to the United States Data Center Energy Usage Report, the data center consumption in 2014 was estimated at 70 billion kWh, which accounted for 1.8% of the total U.S. electricity. The present effort investigates the effects of various data center parameters on a new set of metrics called the performance indicator to help assess and optimize the cooling performance of data centers. The three metrics in the performance indicator include power usage effectiveness ratio (PUEr), thermal conformance, and thermal resilience. The data center parameters investigated include computer room air handler (CRAH) setpoints, room configuration layouts, and containment strategies. The results show that the CRAH setpoint significantly influences the PUEr with higher setpoint values resulting in lower PUEr values. Room configuration layout changes and containment strategies showed substantial effects on thermal conformance and thermal resilience. The thermal conformance was increased approximately 10% with room configuration changes without changing the PUEr. Full hot aisle containment also improved the thermal conformance by 7.4%.

The Optiflow teaching project

In our tertiary head and neck center we increasingly use the Optiflow device to deliver high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in spontaneously ventilating patients1 or to provide trans-nasal rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE)2 in apnoeic, anaesthetised patients. Despite instituting regular departmental workshops, there were anecdotal reports of variable practice and incorrect usage of Optiflow. We aimed to assess anaesthetists’ knowledge and competence before and after bespoke training.

ASCE and E – Journals Impact on Learning in GMRIT Knowledge Resource Centre

The present study envisages the usage of e-journals and ASCE journals by the faculty members and students of GMR Institute of Technology (GMRIT). Today information technology plays a vital role in every field of life especially in education and also proposes to determine the resolution of using of e-journals, entree place for probing e-journals, ideal format for accessing it and proposals for promoting the use of e-journals. The present engineering college libraries are subscribing different packages as per the AICTE norms. The present paper explains about usage reports of the e-resources journal of the ASCE (American society of civil engineers) and its impact on learning.

Predicting Potential Electronic Serials Use

ABSTRACT When assessing electronic serials, librarians often review usage reports for subscribed serials but know relatively little about the potential use of unsubscribed titles. This paper discusses methods for predicting future use, including examining use of similar materials, citation metrics, interlibrary loan requests, denial/turnaway reports, and failed link resolver requests. Each indicator can tell librarians something different about how users are discovering and attempting to access materials. This paper also shares preliminary data from two case studies that detail an attempt to correlate prior year indicators of demand with first year use data of new electronic serials acquisitions.

A case series of negative pressure wound therapy as a promising treatment in patients with burn injury

IntroductionBurn injuries continue to be a global burden. Burn wound treatment often requires a long treatment time and often results in high morbidity and mortality. Until now, there is still no ideal burn wound treatment for all patients. Presentation of casesHere we report 3 cases of burn patients. Every patient underwent wound debridement and followed by installation of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) on the site of burn injuries. All of patients was discharged in a good condition. DiscussionNPWT is an application of sub-atmospheric pressure that is placed on the wound. Today, the use of negative pressure therapy is a new strategy in managing burn injuries. NPWT can reduce the length of stay of burn patients that can be associated with faster wound healing, and reduce bacterial levels in burns. ConclusionThe combination of debridement and NPWT in burn patients can be an alternative procedure because it can promote faster wound healing and reduce the length of hospitalization. Furthermore, this is the first report of NPWT usage for the treatment of burn patients in Indonesia.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Use of Digital Technologies in Ensuring the Efficient e-Learning Process at the Technical University of Moldova

The Technical University of Moldova (TUM) is the only state-accredited technical higher education institution in the Republic of Moldova. In the face of the magnitude of the health crisis, TUM had to quickly adapt its mode of operation to ensure the continuity of its activities and to accompany its students in the study process in an efficient way. In this paper, we analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eLearning and on the use of Moodle and Microsoft 365 educational platforms, implemented at the Technical University of Moldova. The data were exported from M365 Usage Report in excel format for a period of 180 days (from 15.02.2020 to 15.08.2020) and from the Moodle database for a period of about 210 days (period 31.12.2019 - 31.07.2020). Those intervals include the pre-pandemic period, the lockdown period and the student holiday period. The aim of the research was to analyze the potential of the university to continue and ensure the online education process internally, to share the lived experience, the measures taken to anticipate the widening of the digital divide, but also for the identification of vulnerabilities and reasoned planning of exit strategies, in an appropriate frame of reference, depending on subsequent developments related to the COVID- 19 pandemic. The Technical University of Moldova anticipated and undertook multiple measures that demonstrated the potential to ensure the continuity and good development of the teaching process during the pandemic by: reducing the digital divide; reducing the risks of inequalities in education for students from disadvantaged backgrounds; ensuring the social binder (imperative during this period). At the same time, it would be incorrect not to mention that eLearning, although it is an indisputable support in the teaching process, requires additional investments (financial, time etc.) from the university and from the teachers, but also from the students!

Efficient Signcryption With Proxy Re-Encryption and its Application in Smart Grid

Smart grid utilizes intelligent metering and other monitoring devices that frequently collect and send a customer’s usage report of energy consumption to an energy service provider (ESP). By mere behavioral inference from usage reports, its viable to adjudge the daily routine, location, and the kind of electrical devices of a customer. The collection and transmission of such data raises security concerns. Hence, its vital to secure ESP’s access to a customer’s data. In perspective of this, we introduce a data access control scheme which is suitable for smart grids with secure customer data access. In our scheme, the customer is a data owner while an ESP or other third party stakeholder (TPS) is the data user. A data user can have secure access to a customer’s data via a gateway device such as energy service interface (ESI). The ESI fits in as proxy that re-encrypts data for authorized data users based on the delegation command from the data owner. Here, ESI is unable to acquire plaintext information on the data. Moreover, only authorized data users are eligible for decrypting and verifying the integrity and authentication of data. We achieve the data access control via a certificateless signcryption with proxy re-encryption (CLSPRE) scheme. Detailed security analysis shows that our CLSPRE scheme is secure in the random oracle model (ROM). Moreover, extensive performance evaluation indicates its efficiency with respect to communication overhead and computation complexity.

Decreases in Antimicrobial Use Associated With Multihospital Implementation of Electronic Antimicrobial Stewardship Tools.

Antimicrobial stewards may benefit from comparative data to inform interventions that promote optimal inpatient antimicrobial use. Antimicrobial stewards from 8 geographically dispersed Veterans Affairs (VA) inpatient facilities participated in the development of antimicrobial use visualization tools that allowed for comparison to facilities of similar complexity. The visualization tools consisted of an interactive web-based antimicrobial dashboard and, later, a standardized antimicrobial usage report updated at user-selected intervals. Stewards participated in monthly learning collaboratives. The percent change in average monthly antimicrobial use (all antimicrobial agents, anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [anti-MRSA] agents, and antipseudomonal agents) was analyzed using a pre-post (January 2014-January 2016 vs July 2016-January 2018) design with segmented regression and external comparison with uninvolved control facilities (n = 118). Intervention sites demonstrated a 2.1% decrease (95% confidence interval [CI], -5.7% to 1.6%) in total antimicrobial use pre-post intervention vs a 2.5% increase (95% CI, 0.8% to 4.1%) in nonintervention sites (absolute difference, 4.6%; P = .025). Anti-MRSA antimicrobial use decreased 11.3% (95% CI, -16.0% to -6.3%) at intervention sites vs a 6.6% decrease (95% CI, -9.1% to -3.9%) at nonintervention sites (absolute difference, 4.7%; P = .092). Antipseudomonal antimicrobial use decreased 3.4% (95% CI, -8.2% to 1.7%) at intervention sites vs a 3.6% increase (95% CI, 0.8% to 6.5%) at nonintervention sites (absolute difference, 7.0%; P = .018). Comparative data visualization tool use by stewards at 8 VA facilities was associated with significant reductions in overall antimicrobial and antipseudomonal use relative to uninvolved facilities.

Reuse of Wikimedia Commons Cultural Heritage Images on the Wider Web

Abstract
 Objective – Cultural heritage institutions with digital images on Wikimedia Commons want to know if and how those images are being reused. This study attempts to gauge the impact of digital cultural heritage images from Wikimedia Commons by using Reverse Image Lookup (RIL) to determine the quantity and content of different types of reuse, barriers to using RIL to assess reuse, and whether reused digital cultural heritage images from Wikimedia Commons include licensing information.
 Methods – 171 digital cultural heritage Wikimedia Commons images from 51 cultural heritage institutions were searched using the Google images “Search by image” tool to find instances of reuse. Content analysis of the digital cultural heritage images and the context in which they were reused was conducted to apply broad content categories. Reuse within Wikimedia Foundation projects was also recorded.
 Results – A total of 1,533 reuse instances found via Google images and Wikimedia Commons’ file usage reports were analyzed. Over half of reuse occurred within Wikimedia projects or wiki aggregator and mirror sites. Notable People, people, historic events, and buildings and locations were the most widely reused topics of digital cultural heritage both within Wikimedia projects and beyond, while social, media gallery, news, and education websites were the most likely places to find reuse outside of wiki projects. However, the content of reused images varied slightly depending on the website type on which they were found. Very few instances of reuse included licensing information, and those that did often were incorrect. Reuse of cultural heritage images from Wikimedia Commons was either done without added context or content, as in the case of media galleries, or was done in ways that did not distort or mischaracterize the images being reused.
 Conclusion – Cultural heritage institutions can use this research to focus digitization and digital content marketing efforts in order to optimize reuse by the types of websites and users that best meet their institution’s mission. Institutions that fear reuse without attribution have reason for concern as the practice of reusing both Creative Commons and public domain media without rights statements is widespread. More research needs to be conducted to determine if notability of institution or collection affects likelihood of reuse, as preliminary results show a weak correlation between number of images searched and number of images reused per institution. RIL technology is a reliable method of finding image reuse but is a labour-intensive process that may best be conducted for selected images and specific assessment campaigns. Finally, the reused content and context categories developed here may contribute to a standardized set of codes for assessing digital cultural heritage reuse.

VPDS: An AI-Based Automated Vehicle Occupancy and Violation Detection System

High Occupancy Vehicle/High Occupancy Tolling (HOV/HOT) lanes are operated based on voluntary HOV declarations by drivers. A majority of these declarations are wrong to leverage faster HOV lane speeds illegally. It is a herculean task to manually regulate HOV lanes and identify these violators. Therefore, an automated way of counting the number of people in a car is prudent for fair tolling and for violator detection.In this paper, we propose a Vehicle Passenger Detection System (VPDS) which works by capturing images through Near Infrared (NIR) cameras on the toll lanes and processing them using deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) models. Our system has been deployed in 3 cities over a span of two years and has served roughly 30 million vehicles with an accuracy of 97% which is a remarkable improvement over manual review which is 37% accurate. Our system can generate an accurate report of HOV lane usage which helps policy makers pave the way towards de-congestion.

BAP: A Batch and Auditable Privacy Preservation Scheme for Demand Response in Smart Grids

Advancing network technologies allow the setup of two-way communication links between energy providers and consumers. These developing technologies aim to enhance grid reliability and energy efficiency in smart grids. To achieve this goal, energy usage reports from consumers are required to be both trustworthy and confidential. In this paper, we construct a new data aggregation scheme in smart grids based on a homomorphic encryption algorithm. In the constructed scheme, obedient consumers who follow the instruction can prove their data consumption's adjustment by using a range proof protocol. Additionally, we propose a new identity-based signature algorithm in order to ensure authentication and integrity of the constructed scheme. By using this signature algorithm, data usage reports are verified in real time. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our scheme outperforms other data aggregation schemes.

Novel chaotic map‐based privacy‐preserving authenticated key agreement scheme without the electricity service provider involvement

AbstractDevising proper security measures to protect the usage reports of customers against unauthorized accesses is of prime importance. Authenticated key agreement schemes are one of the solutions, which are extensively used to provide secure data reading from the smart meters. Over the past decade, a number of key agreement protocols have been proposed for the smart meters that are covered by the smart grid data communication network. However, there are only two schemes, which have been presented quite recently particularly for the isolated smart meters. Since these schemes rely on the Internet and for each key agreement, the electricity service provider needs to involve, in this paper, we propose a novel anonymous authenticated key agreement scheme that is free from the electricity service provider entanglement. Further, the proposed scheme takes the advantage of substantial reduction in the communication overhead. The security of the presented scheme has been formally validated using the well‐known ProVerif tool and random oracle model and its efficiency has been analyzed in comparison to the related ones. The outcome indicates the superiority of the proposed scheme to be employed for the isolated smart meters.

Automating Antimicrobial Usage Reporting

ObjectiveTo leverage existing healthcare transaction messages to automate the aggregation of antimicrobial usage statistics in a method compatible with submission to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Antimicrobial Usage module.IntroductionAntimicrobial stewardship is crucial to the ongoing viability of existing therapies. To facilitate this stewardship, NHSN allows hospitals to submit data on their antimicrobial usage and receive feedback on how their usage compares to other facilities.1 This feedback can be used by hospital personnel to assess whether their antimicrobial policies are consistent with current best practices.Participation in this program has so far been limited. There are several barriers to participating, including the challenge of mapping local medication information to the NHSN list of antimicrobials, the burden of tabulating the necessary statistics, and the technical requirements of generating appropriate CDA documents for submission. An automated solution that obtained the necessary data from existing HL7 interfaces and generated CDA documents in the correct format could significantly lower some of the barriers to submitting antimicrobial usage information to NHSN.MethodsA continuous feed of HL7 ADT and RAS messages was established between a multi-hospital health system and the EpiCenter syndromic surveillance system. Medication administration data elements included time of administration, patient location, and a facility-specific medication identifier. Patient data included time of admissions, transfers and discharges and all relevant patient locations.Facility medication codes were reconciled to NHSN antimicrobial identifiers via a multi-step, semi-automated process. A medication formulary was provided by the health system mapping their codes to National Drug Code (NDC) identifiers. The RxNorm API2 was queried to map NDC identifiers to RxNorm identifiers. A second round of RxNorm API queries linked the formulation-specific RxNorm identifiers to related parent RxNorm identifiers for antimicrobials provided by NHSN. The final mapping from facility medication codes to NHSN antimicrobial identifiers was manually reviewed and edited to remove duplicates and to add links by name that were not found automatically.NHSN requires reporting by administration route, which was provided in most cases by the formulary. In rare cases, that route was not sufficiently specific and had to be refined by looking at the site of administration for individual doses.Therapy days were calculated as the total number of unique patient identifiers receiving at least one dose of a given antimicrobial; these were totaled per day, per route, and per inpatient location. Days present were calculated as the total number of unique patient identifiers associated with a given inpatient location at any time during each day. Facility-wide inpatient admissions were calculated as the total number of unique patient identifiers associated with an admission to any inpatient location during each day.ResultsThe RxNorm API yielded mapping between 15,472 NDC identifiers and 847 RxNorm codes, covering 86 (96%) NHSN antimicrobials. An initial merge using the NDC identifiers from the provided formulary yielded 252 matches to NHSN antimicrobials. Manual reconciliation eliminated duplicates to leave 239 unique antimicrobials from the formulary. Since not all NDC identifiers in the formulary could be associated with an RxNorm code, there was the potential for additional antimicrobials to be present but not matched to an NHSN code. The names of the NHSN antimicrobials were used to search the generic and brand names of medications in the formulary, yielding 6 additional antimicrobials with appropriate routes. After these steps of automated and manual reconciliation and excluding formulations administered via nonreportable routes, a total of 216 antimicrobial formulations were identified that can be reported to NHSN. These covered 67 (74%) NHSN antimicrobials.For July 2018, 206,921 medication administration messages were received, including 11,637 administrations of 48 NHSN antimicrobials at 14 NHSN inpatient locations were observed across all four NHSN routes. These represented 7% of completed administrations. They accounted for 6,909 days of therapy with all antimicrobials via all routes at all locations. Figure 1 shows the time series of days of therapy by NHSN route of administration. A total of 950 (0.6%) administrations had medication code 99999 and could not be identified.An additional 189,717 ADT messages for 5,420 distinct visits were received. These yielded 13,885 facility-wide days present and a 14,797 location-specific days present summed across all inpatient locations and facilities, from 4,054 facility-wide admissions. Figure 2 shows the time series of facility-wide days present and summed location-specific days present for each facility.ConclusionsReconciling local facility formularies with a national standardized list of antimicrobials can be a complicated task requiring some amount of human intervention. Once completed, however, HL7 messages from existing interface engines can supply sufficient information for calculating the necessary antimicrobial usage statistics to report to NHSN.

Novel Anonymous Key Establishment Protocol for Isolated Smart Meters

In a smart grid, fine-grained usage reports of consumers are gathered using some computationally constrained smart measurement devices. One of the most challenging requirements in the data aggregation is how to securely read the consumption data, while putting the least possible overhead on smart meters. For this reason, recently, two efficient security protocols have been proposed to be used for subsequent secure consumption reports gathered from isolated smart measurement devices. Nonetheless, in both protocols, for each key establishment, the smart reader requires to connect to the electricity service provider (ESP) via the Internet. This paper proposes a novel key establishment protocol, which is free from the ESP involvement during the key agreement and benefits from notable reduction in the communication cost. Our thorough efficiency and security analyses indicate the eminence of the proposed security protocol.

SAS<sup>®</sup> Metadata Audit Reporting Transition to Modern BI & Analytics

In today's world, there has been huge transition from traditional BI (Business Intelligence) and Analytics to the modern one. In the past, we used to have a countable number of canned reports and analytical models; in modern BI (Self-Help reporting/In-memory/Tonnes of data) and Big Data Analytics space, the volumes have been growing very fast from a few Giga Bytes to Zeta Bytes of data. Starting from sourcing the data from disparate sources, housing them in various formats (structured to unstructured to text to streams) and finally landing them at Big Data/Data Lake platform for BI, Reporting, Visualization and Analytics use; IT change impact analysis and maintenance has been a challenge. That's when auditing and reporting metadata bring values to the problems. In every organization, Group IT requires a strategy to track data utilization or system adaptation in order to accelerate their decision-making process from time-to-time towards the growth and maturity. SAS® 9 has various auditing features and solutions like SAS® Audit, Performance and Measurement Package, SAS® Environment Manager Audit Reporting and SAS® VA (Visual Analytics) Administrator's Usage Reports. In this paper, an in-house and out-of-the-box users audit and metadata reporting approach has been depicted. It includes features like tracking number of SAS users and their usage of various client applications and the contents. It has also capability of capturing details like the various dormant SAS users/groups among the total registered SAS users/groups, an automatic housekeeping, scheduling and so on. If you are seeking for a solution for quick turn-around, it would help you to guide your organization whereby Enterprise BI & Analytics softwares like SAS® (EBI) Enterprise BI, SAS® EDI (Enterprise Data Integration) and/or SAS® Visual Analytics have already been deployed.

E-book Use over Time and across Vendors in an Interdisciplinary Field

This paper presents an analysis of e-book usage in one interdisciplinary research collection, for library and information science (LIS), at a large research institution. Drawing from the social sciences, humanities, and computer science, LIS exemplifies the challenge of analyzing use of interdisciplinary collections that cut across Library of Congress (LC) class ranges normally used to analyze disciplinary differences in the existing literature. The analysis also explores use factors beyond LC class that usage studies rarely examine, including genre and audience level, and changes in use over time across categories. This study contributes both to understanding the usage of LIS e-books as an exemplary interdisciplinary collection and to developing options for analyses of e-book collections that maximize the utility of usage reports despite their challenges. As e-book collections mature and the utility of comparing used versus unused titles wanes, such strategies will become necessary to make more nuanced decisions for e-book collections.