Word Repetition Research Articles

Linguistic Analysis on the Musical Hamilton: Functions of Puns and Repetitions

Hamilton: The Musical, written by Lin-Manuel Miranda, has quickly become globally popular after its premiere in 2015. As a hip-hop musical with quick rapping, the lyrics and language in the songs prove to be a huge part in the play. This article explores this successful musical from a linguistics perspective. Texts and lyrics in the play are analyzed here based on linguistic theories with a qualitative research method. It is found that puns and repetitions are key elements of the language used in the play. Exact puns, near puns, reprises of songs, and repetitions of words and lines are used to establish the American historical setting, portray characters, refine plot development, and deliver emotion to the audience.

A case of MERS presenting with acute motor aphasia and tetraparesis and literature review

BackgroundMild encephalopathy wıth reversible splenial lesions (MERS) are a clinical–radiological diagnosis that can be diagnosed with radiological imaging and can be accompanied by impaired consciousness, aphasia, headache, and paralysis. MERS can be divided into two different types based on radiological findings; Involvement of the splenium is seen in type 1, and involvement of the splenium and deep white matter is seen in type 2. MERS Type 2 is very rare in adults. Here, we describe a patient diagnosed with MERS Type 2 and our therapeutic intervention.Case presentationA 22-year-old woman presented with slurred speech, weakness in the extremities and headache that started 14 h ago. The patient had sore throat and fever of 37.6 °C for 2 days, and medical history or family history were unremarkable. Neurological examination revealed that she was conscious, cooperative, with no signs of meningeal irritation. Speech comprehension, naming, and repetition were preserved, motor examination revealed 5/5 left upper extremity strength, 4/5 right upper extremity strength, and 2/5 bilateral lower extremity strength. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-DWI) revealed bilateral deep white matter and splenium symmetrical diffusion restriction. Blood tests showed high C-reactive protein (CRP) and no leukocytosis. No cells were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), protein was 151 mg/dl, glucose was within normal limits. The patient, who developed quadriparesis during follow-up, was started on pulse dose steroids. Neurological examination improved to patient’s baseline at the 12th hour of treatment. In the 72nd hour control MRI-DWI, it was seen that the lesions had regressed. Culture/Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for bacterial/viral infection agents came back negative. After steroids were given for 5 days, patient was discharged at her baseline.ConclusionsMERS is a rare diagnosis in adults and can be radiologically confused with acute toxic leukoencephalopathy. It can be distinguished clinically by the absence of prior infection, fever, and toxic agent exposure. Although there is no consensus in the literature regarding the treatment, the clinical picture improved rapidly after steroid in our case. Despite being rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with deep white matter lesions in adults.

Dynamic assessment of phonological awareness in monolingual and bilingual French-speaking children

ABSTRACT Dynamic assessment (DA) is a tool used to assess children’s learning potential. Research on English-speaking children indicates that DA effectively diagnoses language disorders in monolingual and bilingual children. However, few DAs have been developed for French-speaking children. This study aimed to examine the validity of a dynamic phonological awareness task for differentiating French-speaking monolingual and bilingual children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD). Thirty-eight monolingual and bilingual children, aged 4–8 years, 23 with typical development (TD) and 15 with DLD, participated in the study. They performed a dynamic phoneme segmentation task, in which graduated cues were provided. Children were also administered a nonword repetition (NWR) task, and a modifiability scale, in which the examiner rated the child’s responsivity during the task. Statistical analyses examined what factors influenced dynamic task performance, and calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the tests. Results indicated that four factors emerged as significant in a mixed-effects logistic regression model: age, diagnostic group (TD vs. DLD), modifiability, and the number of phonemes in the target word. Older children who had TD and higher modifiability scores had better segmentation skills than other children. Words with fewer phonemes were also easier to segment than words with greater numbers of phonemes. The dynamic task had good sensitivity in the identification of DLD but less good specificity. Our findings indicate that a dynamic task of phonological awareness has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool to differentiate TD and DLD.

The characteristics and reproducibility of motor speech functional neuroimaging in healthy controls.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can improve our understanding of neural processes subserving motor speech function. Yet its reproducibility remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of fMRI using a word repetition task across two time points. Imaging data from 14 healthy controls were analysed using a multi-level general linear model. Significant activation was observed during the task in the right hemispheric cerebellar lobules IV-V, right putamen, and bilateral sensorimotor cortices. Activation between timepoints was found to be moderately reproducible across time in the cerebellum but not in other brain regions. Preliminary findings highlight the involvement of the cerebellum and connected cerebral regions during a motor speech task. More work is needed to determine the degree of reproducibility of speech fMRI before this could be used as a reliable marker of changes in brain activity.

Analyzing Lexical Boost Effects in Priming of the Passive in Brazilian Portuguese

The lexical boost effect is an increase in the magnitude of structural priming effects when prime and target verbs are identical. This study investigates the connection of lexical boost to priming effects of the passive construction in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) in an image description task to contribute to the debate about whether lexical boost effects are a result of surface word repetition or a connection between the lexical item in the working memory and the structure in long-term memory. The task measured subjects’ working memory (WM) capacity and manipulated task protocol by adding a matching cover task to the picture description task. Data collected indicate that structural priming effects in the image description task were contingent on lexical identity, presenting a positive correlation with choice of structure in the description. WM capacity did not influence priming effects, nor did subjects’ performance in the cover task. Results provide evidence in favor of lexical boost effects being a result of residual activation of the connection between lexical item and structure. They also provide insight about the task and its applicability to priming effects of the passive construction in BP.

Metrical enhancement in American English nuclear tunes

We present two experiments aimed at testing the nature of intonational categories through the lens of enhancement. In an imitative speech production paradigm, speakers heard a model intonational tune and were prompted to reproduce that tune on a new sentence in which the syllable count of the word carrying the tune varied. Using the prevalent auto-segmental metrical model of American English as a basis for potential tune categories, we test how distinctions among tunes are enhanced across different metrical structures. First, with a clustering analysis, we find that not all predicted distinctions are emergent. Secondly, only the largest distinctions, those that emerge in the clustering analysis, are enhanced as a function of metrical structure. Measurable differences between tunes which cluster together are detectable, but critically, are not enhanced. We discuss what these results mean for the nature and number of intonational categories in the system.

Similar gaze behaviour during dialogue perception in congenitally deaf children with cochlear Implants and normal hearing children.

Perceptual and speech production abilities of children with cochlear implants (CIs) are usually tested by word and sentence repetition or naming tests. However, these tests are quite far apart from daily life linguistic contexts. Here, we describe a way of investigating the link between language comprehension and anticipatory verbal behaviour promoting the use of more complex listening situations. The setup consists in watching the audio-visual dialogue of two actors. Children's gaze switches from one speaker to the other serve as a proxy of their prediction abilities. Moreover, to better understand the basis and the impact of anticipatory behaviour, we also measured children's ability to understand the dialogue content, their speech perception and memory skills as well as their rhythmic skills, that also require temporal predictions. Importantly, we compared children with CI performances with those of an age-matched group of children with normal hearing (NH). While children with CI revealed poorer speech perception and verbal working memory abilities than NH children, there was no difference in gaze anticipatory behaviour. Interestingly, in children with CI only, we found a significant correlation between dialogue comprehension, perceptual skills and gaze anticipatory behaviour. Our results extend to a dialogue context of previous findings showing an absence of predictive deficits in children with CI. The current design seems an interesting avenue to provide an accurate and objective estimate of anticipatory language behaviour in a more ecological linguistic context also with young children. What is already known on the subject Children with cochlear implants seem to have difficulties extracting structure from and learning sequential input patterns, possibly due to signal degradation and auditory deprivation in the first years of life. They also seem to have a reduced use of contextual information and slow language processing among children with hearing loss. What this paper adds to existing knowledge Here we show that when adopting a rather complex linguistic context such as watching a dialogue of two individuals, children with cochlear implants are able to use the speech and language structure to anticipate gaze switches to the upcoming speaker. What are the clinical implications of this work? The present design seems an interesting avenue to provide an accurate and objective estimate of anticipatory behaviour in a more ecological and dynamic linguistic context. Importantly, this measure is implicit and it has been previously used with very young (normal-hearing) children, showing that they spontaneously make anticipatory gaze switches by age two. Thus, this approach may be of interest to refine the speech comprehension assessment at a rather early age after cochlear implantation where explicit behavioural tests are not always reliable and sensitive.

Natural language processing in at-risk mental states: enhancing the assessment of thought disorders and psychotic traits with semantic dynamics and graph theory.

Verbal communication has key information for mental health evaluation. Researchers have linked psychopathology phenomena to some of their counterparts in natural-language-processing (NLP). We study the characterization of subtle impairments presented in early stages of psychosis, developing new analysis techniques and a comprehensive map associating NLP features with the full range of clinical presentation. We used NLP to assess elicited and free-speech of 60 individuals in at-risk-mental-states (ARMS) and 73 controls, screened from 4,500 quota-sampled Portuguese speaking citizens in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Psychotic symptoms were independently assessed with Structured-Interview-for-Psychosis-Risk-Syndromes (SIPS). Speech features (e.g.sentiments, semantic coherence), including novel ones, were correlated with psychotic traits (Spearman's-ρ) and ARMS status (general linear models and machine-learning ensembles). NLP features were informative inputs for classification, which presented 86% balanced accuracy. The NLP features brought forth (e.g. Semantic laminarity as 'perseveration', Semantic recurrence time as 'circumstantiality', average centrality in word repetition graphs) carried most information and also presented direct correlations with psychotic symptoms. Out of the standard measures, grammatical tagging (e.g. use of adjectives) was the most relevant. Subtle speech impairments can be grasped by sensitive methods and used for ARMS screening. We sketch a blueprint for speech-based evaluation, pairing features to standard thought disorder psychometric items.

Young beginning learners’ vocabulary learning via input and output tasks: The role of working memory

Working memory (WM) is essential to vocabulary learning. However, limited attention has been paid to young beginner learners’ vocabulary development under various task conditions from the perspective of WM. This study investigates how two types of WM – complex WM and phonological short-term memory – may influence two instructional approaches (i.e., input and output tasks) on picking up new words. 93 young learners studying English as a foreign language (EFL) participated in input and output tasks and four vocabulary assessments. These assessments functioned as a pretest, immediate posttest, and delayed posttest. The participants also took two WM tests: an operation span test for complex WM and a word repetition test for phonological short-term memory. The results demonstrated that: (1) both input and output tasks significantly influenced the learning and retention of new words, (2) complex WM did not substantially predict task effects on the learning and retention of new words, and (3) phonological WM had a notable impact on learning and retaining new words under the input and output task conditions. The findings emphasize the role of WM for EFL young learners’ vocabulary learning through tasks.

Echivalența versurilor în subtitrări ale filmelor Disney

This paper proposes a detailed analysis of the translation process of Disney movies´ lyrics, focusing on the concept of lexical equivalence and ways of correspondence between English and Romanian. Three Disney musical films – „Frozen” (2013), „The Lion King” (1994 and 2019), and „Moana” (2016) – are selected to illustrate various lexical contexts, highlighting the ways in which words and phrases are translated and adapted to preserve the melodicity of the lyrics. The analysis also focuses on translation errors, explaining the reasons for them and offering suggestions for replacing those lyrics. In the context of translation theory, it is emphasized that the process of transfer from source to target language involves creating an equivalence that preserves the specific features of the original text. Through the Disney films, the text explores the phenomenon of equivalence in lexical correspondence, which is partial in most cases. It also discusses the particularities of verse translation, focusing on the restrictions and challenges faced by the translator, such as adjusting the number of syllables to match the musical notes. Aspects such as repetition of words and phrases, placement of punctuation marks and rhythmic characteristics of the vocal line are also considered in the translation process. In addition to linguistic issues, this analysis explores the influence of Disney films on culture and language in childhood, highlighting the importance of adapting texts written for children to moral rules and age appropriateness. By addressing these issues, the paper provides a significant insight into understanding the complexity of the translation process and how it influences the reception of cultural elements between different languages.

The Relationship Between Quality Management and Marketing – Study of the Current Situation

Theoretical background: This paper considers the interdisciplinarity of quality science. In the first part of the work, a set of important disciplines supporting qualitative research was defined, focussing on management science and marketing. It is noticed that the studies have been conducted to examine the relationships among quality management and marketing performance. However, the literature is short of studies relating to the ordering, classification and categorization of current research results, which integrates the concepts of Total Quality Management (TQM) with the basics of marketing management. Purpose of the article: The study used the method of systematic literature review in order to recognize the relationship between the selected area of quality science, i.e. quality management, and the selected discipline supporting quality science, i.e. marketing management. Research methods: A four-stage research process was applied, defining the purpose of the research as the ordering (classification) of the research, in which the issues of TQM and marketing management were referred to. A collection of literature (n = 1,649) was selected using the Web of Science database. Bibliometric analysis was used, indicating the distribution of the number of publications and the analysis of the number of citations. Content related analysis referring to the recognition of occurrences, here working with keywords, was conducted. Main findings: As a result, four clusters were distinguished and taking into account the significance expressed in terms of the number of repetitions of individual words in a given cluster, four thematic areas of research were specified in which the integration of knowledge in the field of marketing with quality management is visible, i.e. (1) customer driven quality management, (2) the quality of design, (3) quality of conformance, and (4) the cost of quality management. The last part of the paper focuses on significant changes in the quality management strategy related to the ongoing Fourth Industrial Revolution and the importance of managing quality in a global, interdisciplinary approach.

Non-word repetition and vocabulary in Kuwaiti Arabic-speaking children with down syndrome and typically developing children

Overview Non-word repetition (NWR) is one of the most effective predictors of language impairments in children as it has been found to correlate with various language measures and the association between NWR and vocabulary is well documented in typically developing (TD) studies. However, there is a dire need for investigations of language skills in Kuwaiti Arabic individuals with Down Syndrome, and this study set out to fill a gap in this field. Method In this paper, we compare the vocabulary and NWR skills of a group of 48 individuals with DS aged 6–20 years to a group of 44 TD children aged 3–10 years matched on nonverbal IQ. Furthermore, we investigate the correlations among these language measures in the two groups and examine whether NWR can predict receptive and expressive vocabulary in these two groups. Result Results found DS participants performed significantly less than the TD group on the three language measures (receptive vocabulary t(90)= −3.17, p < .01, expressive vocabulary t(90)= −3.27, p < .01, and NWR t(90)= −8.32, p < .01). Moreover, there were strong correlations between NWR and vocabulary (receptive and expressive) in the TD group but not the DS group. Conclusion Findings supported the working memory model and the phonological processing account for the TD group. On the other hand, the poor association between NWR and vocabulary in the DS group might be due to poor phonological discrimination difficulties and speech discrimination difficulties.

التكرار الصوتي في شعر بدوي الجبل

The research seeks to study one of the important phenomena of the Arabic language, which is the phenomenon of vocal repetition in the poetry of Badawi al-Jabal. It is no secret that the voice has great importance in Arabic, as language is nothing but “sounds with which every people expresses their purposes,” and repetition is a distinctive stylistic phenomenon in poetry. Semantic value and condensing energies that complete the images and perform their suggestive function in a consistent manner with the general purpose intended by the speaker. It is also considered one of the most prominent stylistic phenomena for understanding the literary text. Its aesthetics are highlighted in the artistic text through alternating words and repeating them in the context of poetic expression, and forming a melody. Musically, it is intended by the composer in his poetry or prose, as repetition highlights something important to the poet that he reveals by repeating it, in addition to the fact that repetition is one of the tools that increase the beauty and beauty of the text. This study has clarified the meaning of phonetic repetition in language and terminology and the opinions of ancient and modern Arabic scholars regarding it, and its most important benefits in the poetic text - in the collection of the poet Badawi Al-Jabal - such as emphasis, increased alertness, and repetition of the related to negate heedlessness and others, in addition to mentioning the most important levels of repetition, which are repetition at the level of the letter and at the letter level. Word level, sentence level, and passage level. The researcher relied on a descriptive and analytical approach, and the study concluded with a conclusion that included the most important results reached by the researcher.

Characteristics of Word-Finding Behaviors in Healthy Elderly Adults according to the Type of Spontaneous Speech Task

Objectives: Spontaneous speech is known to be a task that can efficiently assess communication problems in the healthy elderly adults. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in word-finding behaviors according to three types of spontaneous speech tasks (picture description, story telling, and topic telling) in healthy elderly adults. In addition, this study aimed to investigate the differences in word-finding behaviors by gender and age group in healthy elderly adults. Methods: One hundred sixty-seven healthy elderly adults were asked to perform three tasks: picture description, story telling, and topic telling. Word-finding behaviors were analyzed using global index and word reformulations, repetitions, empty words, time fillers, insertions, and delays. Results: First, the main effects of gender and task type were significant for the number of words, with women producing more utterances in topic telling. Second, the main effects of gender and task type were significant for global index, with males showing higher global index in topic telling. Third, men produced higher rates of word reformulations and repetitions than women in the word-finding behavior. Among the word-finding behaviors, the production rates of word reformulations, empty words, insertions, and delays were significant by task type, and the difference between age groups was significant only for empty words. Conclusion: This study is significant because it examined the differences in the rate of word-finding behaviors across types of spontaneous speech tasks and also analyzed differences across gender and age groups.

Effects of Time Interval and Interference Manipulations on Word-Level Repetition and Naming Performance in Persons with Aphasia

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact on the repetition and naming ability of Korean aphasia patients by controlling their working memory load through time intervals and interference effects using the Temple Assessment of Language and verbal Short-term memory in Aphasia (TALSA) protocol. In addition, we examined the phonological and lexical-meaning processing abilities of persons with aphasia through word repetition tasks, nonword repetition tasks, and picture naming tasks to examine phonological and lexical-meaning production abilities. Methods: Thirteen native Korean speakers with aphasia participated in the study, along with twelve control group participants. The word and nonword repetition tasks were conducted under three conditions to examine the time delay and interference effects. Each condition entailed listening to each ten words of two and three syllables. Similarly, the picture naming tasks were carried out under three conditions involving viewing ten pictures of two and three syllables each. Results: This study examined how the repetition and naming ability of persons with aphasia, i.e., the ability to producing phonemes and lexical-meaning of persons with aphasia, varies when adjusting the working memory load under time interval and interference effect conditions. This study found that the difference in performance between groups was significant for both tasks. In particular, the larger the time interval, the greater the interference effect; that is, the greater the load of working memory, the lower the performance of aphasia subjects compared to the control group. Conclusion: Since the aphasia subjects have poor working memory ability, the results of this study indicate that as the cognitive load increases, they are more affected by the ability to process phonological and semantic activations.

Phonological Memory in 5 to 6 Year-Old Korean Children

Objectives: Phonological memory plays a crucial role in speech and language development, especially in the stages when children learn new vocabulary. This study aims to investigate phonological memory using three different tasks believed to tap into phonological memory in 5 to 6 year-old Korean children, and examine the relationships among the three tasks and between phonological memory and vocabulary skills. Methods: Forty-two typically developing Korean children aged 5-6 years completed nonword repetition (NWR), sentence repetition (SRT), and picture pointing tasks, as well as the Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (REVT). Children’s correct responses were analyzed from each memory task and compared to examine whether the two age groups show different performances. Children’s responses from SRT were examined by two scoring systems including or excluding articulation errors and their error responses in SRT were analyzed in detail. Results: Significantly higher correct response ratios were observed in 6-year-olds compared to 5-year-olds in the three phonological memory tasks, excluding correct item ratios of SRT. The results from error analysis of SRT showed that 5-year-olds had a significantly higher number of additions, particularly additions of grammatical morphemes. The three phonological memory tasks showed significant correlations with each other. Also, receptive and expressive vocabularies exhibited significant correlations with the three phonological memory tasks. Conclusion: The study indicated active development of phonological memory between ages 5 and 6. We addressed the components in the speech processing model that the three phonological memory tasks tapped into, and discussed their relationship with vocabulary.

The Relationship between Story Comprehension, Story Grammar Production, and Executive Function in Preschool-Age Korean-English Bilingual Children with and without Vocabulary Delay

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between story comprehension and story grammar abilities, as well as executive function in preschool Korean-English bilingual children with vocabulary delay (VD) compared to typically developing (TD) children and examined predictors of their narrative abilities. Methods: A total of 30 children (13 children with VD, 17 TD children) aged from 4-6 years participated in the study. Children performed non-word repetition (NWR) and word list recall for verbal working memory, matrix for non-verbal working memory, fruit stroop for inhibition, and Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) for shifting. They also performed story comprehension and story grammar production tasks in both languages to assess their narrative abilities. For data analyses, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted. Results: The VD group showed significantly lower performance in working memory, inhibition, shifting tasks. Moreover, VD group had significantly lower performance in story comprehension and story grammar production tasks in both languages. In the TD group, Korean story comprehension performance was correlated with English story comprehension, Korean story grammar production, English story grammar production performances. On the other hand, in the VD group, only Korean story comprehension showed a significant correlation with Korean story grammar production performance. Lastly, matrix significantly predicted English story comprehension abilities and word list recall significantly predicted Korean story grammar production abilities in the TD group. Conclusion: By examining the relationship between children’s ability to understand stories, produce story grammar and sub-factors of executive function, we can improve the narrative education and intervention for bilingual children’s literacy and academic achievement in the future.

Challenges and Motivation: Assessing Gemini’s Impact on Undergraduate EFL Students in Classroom Settings

The current study aimed to identify the challenges students encountered when using Gemini to learn English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and how successfully it motivates undergraduate students to learn the language in classroom settings. A pre-post quasi-experimental design was used, and data was gathered through an online questionnaire. One hundred fifty female EFL students participated. The results showed statistically significant differences, at the 0.05 significance level, between the study sample’s mean comments about how well Gemini as an AI tool motivates undergraduate students to learn EFL. The observed variations in the study significantly support the post-application stage. However, several challenges were identified in implementing Gemini in EFL, including repetitive words, limited vocabulary (62%), lengthy and non-concise answers (57.3%), uncertainty about information accuracy (49.3%), unclear question format comprehension (42%), and an abundance of similar information sources (39.3%). These findings call for further investigation to maximise Gemini’s potential and address both its promises and challenges, ultimately improving the EFL learning experience for all students.

Relationship Between Resting State Functional Connectivity and Reading-Related Behavioural Measures in 69 Adults

Abstract In computational models of reading, written words can be read using print-to-sound and/or print-to-meaning pathways. Neuroimaging data associate dorsal stream regions (left posterior occipitotemporal cortex, intraparietal cortex, dorsal inferior frontal gyrus [dIFG]) with the print-to-sound pathway and ventral stream regions (left anterior fusiform gyrus, middle temporal gyrus) with the print-to-meaning pathway. In 69 typical adults, we investigated whether resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the visual word form area (VWFA) and dorsal and ventral regions correlated with phonological (nonword reading, nonword repetition, spoonerisms), lexical-semantic (vocabulary, sensitivity to morpheme units in reading), and general literacy (word reading, spelling) skills. VWFA activity was temporally correlated with activity in both dorsal and ventral reading regions. In pre-registered whole-brain analyses, spoonerisms performance was positively correlated with RSFC between the VWFA and left dorsal regions (dIFG, superior parietal and intraparietal cortex). In exploratory region-of-interest analyses, VWFA-dIFG connectivity was also positively correlated with nonword repetition, spelling, and vocabulary. Connectivity between the VWFA and ventral stream regions was not associated with performance on any behavioural measure, either in whole-brain or region-of-interest analyses. Our results suggest that tasks such as spoonerisms and spellings, which are both complex (i.e., involve multiple subprocesses) and have high between-subject variability, provide greater opportunity for observing resting-state brain-behaviour associations. However, the complexity of these tasks limits the conclusions we can draw about the specific mechanisms that drive these associations. Future research would benefit from constructing latent variables from multiple tasks tapping the same reading subprocess.

Experience of awake craniotomy in a child (clinical case)

The objective was to demonstrate the possibility of performing awake craniotomy in a child.Materials and methods. The 9-year-old child with a dysembrioplastic neuroepithelial tumor in the left temporal lobe was planned and performed awake craniotomy. During awakening, the child performed a naming test, object designation tests, word repetition and spontaneous speech, and Luria’s test.Results. During psychological tests and intraoperative neuromonitoring, it was possible to successfully identify the speech zone and motor areas of the face, which helped to safely remove brain formation without complications. This clinical case was also interesting because the child’s native language was Kazakh, so an interpreter was presented during the intraoperative awakening.Conclusions. The case demonstrates the possibility of performing awake craniotomy in a child, which depends not only on the somatic and psychological state, but also on the professionalism of the operating team, including surgeons, anesthesiologists, neurophysiologist, neuropsychologist and a large number of nursing staff who are able to clearly interact with each other.