Repertoire Of Practices Research Articles

Sexual violence, identity and gender: ISIS and the Yezidis

ABSTRACT This paper explores the gender dimension of the relationship between the political marketplace and identity formation. Gender is a central, not tangential, component of violence and gender norms are an essential part of singular and exclusive identity formation. The article focuses on ISIS’s sexual and gender-based violence against the Yezidis and contextualises this case within wider long-term gender- and identity-based structural inequalities that facilitate sexual violence in conflict. Structural inequalities are understood here within a continuum of violence and through an intersectional study of sexual violence in conflict. In the case of ISIS and the Yezidis, specific ethnic or religious constructions of identity intersected with gender, leading to targeting of a minority community. This identity formation is part of becoming a militarised masculine warrior within a group – ISIS used sexual violence in forming its group identity against a subordinated outgroup. In doing this, ISIS objectified and commodified the bodies of the Yezidi women and created an economic market around this. Objectification and commodification of Yezidi women reinforced ISIS’s hegemonic and militant masculinity. The construction of identity through sexual violence took place in a socio-economic and political context situated within a long-term history of the intersection of gender and identity-based hierarchies. This was possible because of the existing repertoires of values, perceptions and practices of hegemonic and militant masculinity. The organisation and institutionalisation of sexual violence and objectification and commodification of Yezidi women and girls was based on this repertoire which was based on intersectional hierarchies of gender and religious-ethnic-sectarian identities.

Attachment to and Detachment from Favorite Stores: An Affordance Theory Perspective

AbstractLike homes, neighborhoods, and cities, retail locations offer significant opportunities for attachment far from domestic spheres. In commercial settings, consumers construct personal geographies, and find stable references for their lives. Our work advances previous consumer research by showing how these relationalities are situated, implicitly unstable and often impermanent. Individuals attach to commercial spaces in multiple ways, through both immediate and slow processes. We theorize that multiple affordances of spaces—whether sensual, symbolic, or cerebral—trigger meaningful ties, stimulate new affective and practice repertoires and may exert a transformative power in personal biographies. Bonds evolve in tandem with individuals’ life courses and are also impacted by events beyond consumers’ control, such as store closures. Whether disruptive or constructive, detachments can precipitate constructive change, allowing individuals to mobilize the emotional and cognitive resources at the base of their affective bond with treasured places, and redirect these assets more effectively. Forced and voluntary detachment from retail spaces are thus interpreted as integral and complementary components of attachment.

Pedagogies of Solidarity

Abstract Sociological scholarship on social movements has shed important light on the role of knowledge production for processes of collective action and mobilization. However, much of this research overlooks the question of how movement-based knowledge emerges from within institutionalized settings of formal education. Drawing on a qualitative case study, this article examines the repertoire of knowledge-building practices mobilized from within a state-based system of adult education in francophone Belgium. Building on social movement theory, it is shown how formalized sites of adult education can empower the presence of social movements in society when they adopt counter-hegemonic principles of popular education that allow them to act as free spaces which facilitate the construction of strategic capacities and collective identities.

Integral Projection Models and Sustainable Forest Management of Agave inaequidens in Western Mexico.

In México, at least 37 Agave species are extracted from wild populations for producing distilled spirits. This activity involves harvesting mature agaves just before producing their inflorescences, which cancels sexual reproduction of plants used. The increasing demand of agaves spirits in national and international markets is determining a strong pressure on wild populations, most of them lacking adequate management. In addition, the dynamics of agave populations may be affected by natural phenomena like oscillation of rainfall regimes, which affects the recruitment of agave seedlings, or the scarcity of pollinators that may affect seed production and general population dynamics. We studied the demography of wild populations of Agave inaequidens to analyze critical conditions for populations recovery, modelling the effects of rainfall trends on the demographic performance of this species, and exploring response of populations to hypothetical extraction regimes and reforestation efforts. Our study was performed in four well-conserved wild populations in Central Western Mexico, each population was sampled in a plot of about one hectare composed by 10 subplots 50 x 5 m (2500 m2). Populations were monitored yearly between 2011 and 2013, measuring plant size, reproductive individuals, and fecundity. Data were analyzed through integral projection models by using the IPMpack for R, to perform prospective analyses. We in addition constructed stochastic models to explore the possible influence of rainfall variation on species demography, using data for the drier and wetter years of the study period. Population growth varied from λ=1.003 to λ=0.899 among populations and years, and exceptionally λ=0.559 after a fire event. Low rainfall decreases λ values, indicating especial limitations to harvesting agaves during dry years whose frequency most probably will increase. In general, extraction rates from 10% to 30% of mature individuals are viable to maintain λ above 1, and these rates may be higher if new plants are introduced in populations. Depending on levels of extraction, our models suggest that it is necessary to carry out actions of reforestation, and in situ management according to the trends found in each site. This is one indispensable condition to maintain λ close to or greater than 1. Sustainable extraction of wild agaves is possible, some communities are already carrying out a repertoire of goods practices in this direction, but together with ecological criteria and good management techniques, strict regulations and social organization are needed to achieve it.

Lifeworld Discourse, Translingualism, and Agency in a Discourse Genealogy of César Chávez’s Literacies

Translingual scholarship emphasizes the temporal dimensions of language use, and frame language practices as emergent phenomena shaped by repertories of discursive activities sedimented through prior experience. This essay adapts Gee’s concept of lifeworld Discourse in order to theorize (1) how Discourse competencies are cultivated through the sedimentation of discourse practices over time, and (2) how actors occupy thresholds or dwell on borders while they draw on repertoires sedimented through prior experience in response to emergent rhetorical situations. I activate the lifeworld Discourse conceptual framework in an analytical approach that I call a Discourse genealogy in order to trace out the palimpsestic emergence and blending of Discursive competencies throughout labor and community organizer Cesar Chavez’s life. The argument focuses on the archival record of Chavez’s literacy practices in order to understand his emergent lifeworld Discourses from birth in 1927 through the late 1950s, up to the point at which he began to organize the migrant farmworkers under the auspices of the Community Service Organization in Oxnard, California (1957-8). Using textual analysis of Chavez’s writings and oral history records, the following essay shows how one thread of Chavez’s lifeworld Discourse – responding to social injustice – binds together a number of Chavez’s varied Discursive repertoires. My central argument is that when we occupy thresholds that connect Discourses, our repertoires of practice may be blended with new practices to form emergent potentials for responding to rhetorical situations. The thread of repertoires sedimented throughout a lifetime bind together the various social Discourses we encounter and engage with in our public lives.

How speculative designs produce new potentials for education research in digital culture

ABSTRACT This article reports on a speculative design experiment, wherein the authors produced a critical remix video as intervention into the spread of toxic technocultural discourse on Twitch.tv (Twitch), an online platform in which content creators stream live content alongside a live chat audience. It focuses on the authors’ development of a speculative design process for education research in the context of livestreaming technoculture. This process began with a multimodal discourse analysis showing how specific discourse processes – amplification, waving, and network influencing – on a popular Twitch stream produced agonistic conflict and sometimes toxic discourse stemming therefrom. These findings from the multimodal discourse analysis informed a speculative intervention performed through the production of a critical remix video, which recontextualized the same discourse processes, thereby producing a working critique of potentially toxic agonism on this Twitch channel. The article also illustrates how speculative design experiments in digital culture may help develop new pedagogic potentials that catalyze social change through youths’ expanded and nuanced repertoire of digital practices in the future.

A heuristic model for collaborative practice \u2013 Part 1: a meta-synthesis of empirical findings on collaborative strategies in community mental health and substance abuse practice

BackgroundCollaboration has become a cornerstone for healthcare practice in recent decades resulting in the efforts at international and national levels to integrate the concept into healthcare practice and services. However, there is a paucity of research delineating strategies for professionals to apply in collaborative practice with clients in general as well as in mental health and substance abuse (MHSA) care.MethodsThe method applied in this paper is a form of qualitative meta-synthesis referring to the integration of findings from multiple qualitative studies within a program of research by the same investigators. Eighteen empirical papers with the focus on community MHSA practice and recovery-orientation with relevance to the service user–professional relationship in MHSA practice were included in this meta-synthesis.ResultsThree types of processes of collaboration specified by meta-themes were identified. The meta-themes of the interactive-dialogical process type include (a) maintaining human relationship, (b) walking alongside, (c) information sharing, (d) seizing the present moment, (e) taking the perspective of the other, and (f) aligning/scaffolding. The meta-themes of the negotiated-participatory engagement type include (a) feedback-informing process, (b) putting differences to work, (c) negotiated partnering, (d) accommodating user participation, and (e) addressing the tension between help and control. The meta-themes of the negotiated supportive process type are (a) helping in context, (b) coordinating, (c) pulling together, (d) advocating, and (e) availing. These meta-themes are strategies for collaboration applicable in MHSA practice.ConclusionsThis meta-synthesis of collaborative processes found in community mental health practice points to the possibility of developing a set of repertoires of practice for service user/professional collaboration, especially in community MHSA practice.

“I Hesitate but I Do Have Hope”: Youth Speculative Civic Literacies for Troubled Times

In this essay, Nicole Mirra and Antero Garcia explore how young people from six demographically distinct communities across the United States understand the social and political issues affecting their lives, engage in storytelling and dialogue across differences, and collaboratively imagine humanizing and hopeful civic futures. Drawing from critical race perspectives on democracy and civic education, and with an expansive vision of the nature and purpose of literacy, Mirra and Garcia develop a speculative approach to civic literacy research and practice that centers the voices and concerns of young people, honors differences of identity and expression, and manifests ideological commitments to equity, empathy, and collective struggle to ward off civic disintegration. Findings from their social design-based experiment foreground counterstories in which youth challenge their positioning as not-yet-citizens, create opportunities to engage in civic life on their own terms, and leverage their repertoire of literacy practices to invent new possibilities for inclusive democratic community life.

The role of engineers in the greening of the South-Western Norwegian Maritime Industry: Practices, agency and social fields

This article argues that transition studies needs to be informed by practice theory in order to unpack how green transformation takes place. Drawing on a study of the greening of the maritime industry in South-Western Norway, a social field methodology encompassing practice theory is used to nuance the practice of key actors in this industry. In so doing, I analyse how the practice repertoire of engineers relates to transformation. I find that engineers, in addition to ‘normal’ engineer practices, perform several ‘non-engineer’ practices important for transformation, and that engineers in their greening efforts are practicing in several social fields of different scale and scope; a global ‘engineer discipline’ field associated with ‘normal’ engineer practices, a regional ‘industry cluster’ field associated with cleantech practices, and a national ‘political’ field associated with lobbying practices. Accordingly, the practice repertoire of the engineers is multi-scaled and complex, and of great importance for the green maritime industry transformation taking place. Theoretically, the article nuances the multi-actor perspective within transition studies by showing how one actor group engages in several practices contributing to transformation. It also contributes to the recent agency turn, by showing how engineers-as-institutional entrepreneurs engage in both technological- and institution-changing practices. Finally, the social fields and field-dynamics in which engineers take place also exemplifies a ‘geography of transformation’, which to date remains relatively unexplored within transition studies.

Ordinary extraordinary: the para/pata:institutionalism of Critical Practice

ABSTRACTThis paper considers Critical Practice, the London-based cluster of artists, designers, curators, academics and other researchers who share a commitment to the critical practice of art, its organisation and its education as public goods. I discuss Critical Practice as an open learning culture, contextualising it with reference to institutional critique and the discursive practice of peer-to-peer exchange as general social technique. This leads me to consider ways this exchange can confound elitism and conservatism when conscientiously organised through sensitive formats. I consider two that feature in the repertoire of Critical Practice: un-conferences and future archiving. These formats and the Cluster's relation to its host (Chelsea College of Arts, University of the Arts London) are respectively probed using parainstituting (i.e. self-organisation as social reproduction) and patainstituting (i.e. the self-organisation of aspiration). After discussing each in turn, I propose a nascent framework of pata/para:instituting. I have written this account of Critical Practice as a long-standing member. My interest in better understanding the Cluster's ways of doing and being is not an end in itself, but rather to more effectively grasp the qualities of self-organised practice and/as education in art and design more generally.

Collective Actions Repertories and Politicization of the Agricultural, Forest, and Transport Business in the Araucanía. Chile 2013-2016

In this research, I seek to understand the role that the forest and agricultural business have played in the politicization and rural violence unleashed in the Araucania between 2013 and 2016. I aim to close a gap in the research about the “Mapuche conflict”, which has been understood primarily from the perspective of the Chilean state or the Mapuche people, by analysing landowners and forest companies’ role in the conflict. I claim that the repertoire of associative practices and collective actions carried out by business associations and investors represent ways of politicization distinctive of social movements such as the demonstrations organized by truck drivers or organizations such as “Peace for the Araucania”. I argue that the active role of union associations adds new characteristics to the phenomenon of rural violence within the unfinished Mapuche conflict since the Luchsinger-Mackay case.

Diminishing Constitutional Law: The First Three Decades of Women's Exclusion Adjudication in Israel

Balancing between sex equality and religious interests has been a challenge for Israel’s constitutional law from the state’s inception. In recent years, however, the expanding repertoire of practices known as women’s exclusion has brought forth this tension with new formulations, intensity, and public sensitivity. This article maps the three decades of Israel’s High Court of Justice (HCJ or “the Court”) adjudication on women’s exclusion. The modesty requirements and sex-based physical segregation that have become rampant in Israel, require re-articulations of the scope and status of the right to equality, as well as other constitutional rights such as dignity and liberty. The thirty-year database compiled for the purpose of this article encompasses all women’s exclusion cases decided by the HCJ. The database was built based on an annotated definition of women’s exclusion cases as a legal field, developed and explained in this article. The database reveals what might be defined as diminishing constitutional adjudication. In the nineteen nineties, the Court has labored in elevating sex equality, developing a doctrinal structure that guards it against religion-based demands to legitimize exclusion norms. In contrast, in the past decade, the Court has almost completely refrained from reviewing cases on the merit or writing reasoned opinions, adopting ad-hoc problem-solving approaches or taking dispute resolution approaches prompting the parties to find compromise, without delineating the legal framework that should guide the disputes.

‘It’s not a part of me, but it is what it is’: the struggle of becoming en-wheeled after spinal cord injury

Purpose Many people who experience spinal cord injury become long-term wheelchair users. This article addresses the process of becoming en-wheeled through the case example of a disabled man called Patrick. Design An intrinsic case study informed by posthumanist developments was used. Within this design, Patrick and his manual wheelchair were the entangled participants of the inquiry. Methods Interviews and fieldwork observation with Patrick were conducted. Qualitative data were analysed using the posthumanist notion of ‘assemblages’. Results The results illuminate Patrick’s struggle of negotiating a new embodied selfhood that includes the wheelchair. Patrick engaged in ableist rehabilitation after spinal cord injury to recuperate the capacity to walk and break his connection with the wheelchair. After extensive treatment of his body, he reluctantly assumed his cyborg or posthuman condition. Conclusion The analysis and discussion resulted in a theoretical frame that presents the notions of humanist and posthumanist enwheelment as two directions of a continuum. The paper offers a useful tool for understanding and addressing enwheelment plus other cyborgification processes. We advocate for its acceptance into the disability studies and rehabilitation practice repertoire. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Enwheelment –the process of becoming one with the wheelchair – is relevant to people after SCI (or other impairments). The notions of humanist and posthumanist enwheelment are developed and presented as two ends of a continuum. Rehabilitation workers should be mindful of the complexities of cyborgification to avoid ableism and help people flourishing within and beyond recovery.

New challenge, old solutions? Religion and counter-radicalisation in the European Parliament and the radicalisation awareness network

ABSTRACT This article explores the implementation of the European Union’s (EU) counter-radicalisation strategy (EUCRS) and its treatment of religion. It focuses on two EU institutional frameworks that entail processes of politicisation and depoliticisation through rationalisation: the European Parliament, as the EU’s political arena par excellence where value-loaded issues are debated, and the Radicalisation Awareness Network, as a technocratic body that gathers experts and circulates best practices. We examine both policy configurations to determine whether, to what extent and how the religious dimension of the EUCRS leads to the development of new patterns to organise or contain conflict; and whether new actors, divisions, loyalties, repertoires of action and policy practices emerge. We demonstrate that religion is institutionalised as an EU policy issue in usual ways that serve to promote transnational regulation while preserving party, cultural, denominational and national differences without altering the structural logic of European politics and their standard approach to religion.

Using co-production within mental health training when working with refugee or migrant community groups

This paper will discuss examples of mental health training developed and co-produced in active partnership with two communities, one in Britain and one in Sri Lanka. This work has taken place in community settings, not within the consulting room. The learning had a bi-directional flow; through these partnerships, both partners/groups shared and developed their understanding of different cultures, idioms of distress, explanatory mental health models and ways of dealing with these. This expanded everyone’s knowledge, understanding, and repertoires of practice. The work in Britain was audited through a range of psychometric tests and that in Sri Lanka through questionnaires. Semi-structured interviews also took place with both groups as did meetings with a range of key informants. Working beyond the clinic can benefit people, who have obliquely been labeled, as ‘hard to reach’ groups and who may find it difficult to access mental health services or who find services inappropriate. Therefore, community groups may be well-positioned to bridge this gap in non-stigmatizing, accessible and culturally appropriate ways. Evidence has begun to emerge suggesting that mental health services developed in conjunction with service users and the wider community may lead to better usage, more appropriate and accessible services, and to an improved sense of inclusivity. The implications of this for the global mental health debate will be briefly considered as will health pluralism and the importance of language and using a mother tongue.

“Chocolate City, Rest in Peace”: White Space–Claiming and the Exclusion of Black People in Washington, DC

Urban sociologists and gentrification scholars have long been interested in examining the combination of structural and micro–level forces that result in the displacement and exclusion of low–income residents from changing neighborhoods. However, the types of everyday activities and the social and spatial practices that exclude residents who remain in these neighborhoods are an understudied part of the gentrification story. How are exclusive spaces created? What are the specific social processes that lead to exclusive space? I draw on in–depth interviews and ethnographic fieldwork to examine how white residents in a historically black neighborhood claim space through their everyday actions and interactions. These space–claiming practices are at times subtle and at times overt, but often draw on a repertoire of physical, mental, and social practices that combine to create spaces that exclude black people—including long–term black residents, black gentrifiers, and black visitors to the neighborhood—from public space.

Correction to: Behavioral Artistry: Examining the Relationship Between the Interpersonal Skills and Effective Practice Repertoires of Applied Behavior Analysis Practitioners

The article Behavioral Artistry: Examining the Relationship Between the Interpersonal Skills and Effective Practice Repertoires of Applied Behavior Analysis Practitioners, written by Kevin Callahan, was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on August 29, 2019 without open access. With the author(s)' decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on August, 2019 to © The Author(s) 2019 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Kemampuan Guru Membangun Literasi Etnomatematika Anak di TK Al Hikmah Mujahidin dan TK Kartika XIX-3, Cimahi, Bandung

The AUD study at Al Hikmah Mujahidin Kindergarten and TK Kartika XIX-3 applied a descriptive and quantitative research approach using quasi-experimental techniques. The design carried out has the consideration that, if random grouping is carried out, it will disrupt learning and programs at school. The experimental design used is the non-equivalent control group design. The purpose of the research is to find out and examine the teacher's ability to build ethnomatematic literacy at TK AL Wisdom of Mujahideen and TK Kartika XIX-3. The benefits of research are to help develop the repertoire of theories, knowledge and practices regarding the ability of teachers to develop ethnomatematic literacy. This study produced several findings related to child etnomatematics literacy. Based on the results of the study it was found that the average ethnomatematic literacy before learning did not differ significantly from the experimental-control class. That is, that before learning is carried out, the initial ability difference between the two classes is obtained. Furthermore, after the action was carried out, posttest was carried out to see the final results after being given treatment in both classes. The posttest results on ethnomatematics literacy prove that there is a greater increase in the experimental class compared to the control class. The average posttest of the experimental class is 125.43 with the percentage of achievement that is equal to 91% while for the control group the average is 105.95 with the percentage of achievement that is equal to 82%. Summary of the scores on children's ethnomatematic literacy in the control and experimental classes. The results of the study prove that the actions in the experimental class were able to improve children's ethnomatic literacy better than the control class.

Community Psychoanalysis: A Contribution to an Emerging Paradigm

ABSTRACTThe central argument of this article is that to meet some of the historical and current social and global challenges facing psychoanalysis, contemporary psychoanalysis has an opportunity to expand its repertoire of theory and practice. One potential path forward is the emergence of a community psychoanalysis. The article summarizes the work of Stuart Twemlow and collaborators, who originated the community psychoanalysis paradigm, and goes on to describe the theory and application of three potentially generative group models for psychoanalytic practice: the Social Dreaming Matrix; Open Space Dialogues; and Future Search/Discovery. The article also outlines implications for psychoanalytic institutes’ organizational structure and dynamics.

Sexual practices and risk behaviors of Israeli adult heterosexual men

ABSTRACTThe knowledge of sexual practices of heterosexual males (HM) in Israel is limited despite the increase inthe incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STI). This study assessed sexual practices among Israeli HM and the associations between demographic characteristics and sexual risk behaviors. The Cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 913 Jewish HM aged 18–44, which completed a questionnaire including their demographics, sexual practices, and risky sexual behavior. Of all participants, 66.8% had monogamous sex with their steady partner. These participants were more likely to be older, religious, involved ina limited repertoire of sexual practices, and less likely to engage in risky sexual behavior. Of the participants, 9.6% were in steady relationships but had concomitant sexual casual partner/s. They were more likely to be secular, paid for sex, and had more lifetime sexual partners. Of all the participants, 23.6% were singles and had sex with casual partner/s. They were more likely to be younger and engage in risky sexual behavior. Of all participants, 10.3% were involved in risky sexual behavior. These men were more likely to be singles, pay for sex and have more lifetime sexual partners. We conclude that preventive interventions aimed to prevent STI-infections should target HM who are in singles and those in steady relationships and have concomitant sex partners.