Reorganization Of Space Research Articles

Typology of morphotypes of monastic complexes on the example of monasteries in the Kaluga region

In the course of their historical development, the architectural ensembles of the monastic complexes of the Kaluga province were growing more complex, acquiring a well-developed complex structure that would regularly include new components either in symbiosis with existing ones, organically complementing them or replacing them. This process is inextricably linked with a gradual increase in the share of built-up space and, accordingly, a decrease in open space and constant reorganization of spaces. The need to identify and rationalize formation regularities in monastic architectural ensembles makes it necessary to typify the development of both the monastery as a whole and its functional zones separately. For this purpose, it is advisable to use the same type of typological structures, the role of which may be the building morphotype of a certain functional area of the monastery’s territory.

그린스마트 미래학교의 저학년 교실공간 특성에 관한 연구

In July 2020, the Ministry of Education announced the 'Green Smart Future School' project plan as the representative task of the Korean version of the New Deal. The Green Smart Future School project is a project promoted in the form of 'smart classroom', 'green school', and 'connection with local communities' based on 'space innovation', and 'safety' was added in 'Green Smart Future School 2.0' in 2022. In this study, the characteristics of the changed classroom space were analyzed through the results of the spatial innovation project conducted by the Daegu City Office of Education. Based on these results, the direction of reorganization of classroom space for the lower grades of elementary school for Green Smart Future School was suggested. Therefore, this study is thought to be used as a guide for the creation of a green smart future school in the future.

Development of an economic and information system for the optimization of city traffic flows

The paper presents a critical analysis of current approaches to reorganizing urban transportation routes. It proposes addressing the problem of optimizing traffic flows as a multidimensional issue encompassing social and economic aspects. An economic-information model for continuous monitoring and optimization of urban traffic flow configurations based on the criterion of congestion wait time has been developed. The calculation of the economic consequences of such waiting time is proposed. The developed system has practical significance and can be applied in managing traffic flows as an economic subsystem of the city within its socio-economic system. Urban transportation infrastructure in Ukraine faces significant challenges due to social changes, including increasing passenger flow, extended waiting times, and the need to adhere to modern urban planning standards. Current trends involve redistributing street and road space based on principles of equal access and safety. This includes pilot actions, intermediate reconstruction, and comprehensive reorganization of urban space and transportation routes. Proposed methods for enhancing transportation infrastructure include improving government management, implementing proactive management strategies, executing investment projects, establishing public-private partnerships, temporarily reducing tax burdens, developing comprehensive solutions for consumers, and optimizing transportation pricing. These strategies aim to address the pressing problems in Ukraine's transport sector and facilitate sustainable development and growth. The study focuses on the financing of infrastructural projects in Dnipro city through the municipal budget. It proposes integrating economic-mathematical models into a unified economic-information system for optimizing traffic flows, allowing for continuous monitoring and improvement. This system emphasizes minimizing congestion wait times and can adapt to dynamic changes in traffic patterns, ensuring efficient and effective urban traffic management. By implementing this system, the city can enhance its transportation network, contributing to overall economic efficiency and better quality of life for its residents.

БИРОБИДЖАН: ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ТОРГОВЫХ ПРОСТРАНСТВ ГОРОДА-СПУТНИКА

A number of studies are devoted to the urban development of settlements in the Far East, but they do not consider trade spaces as structureforming spaces, whereas they often form the framework of the city. After studying the cadastral maps of Birobidzhan, topographic survey materials, online maps and other documents, we identified five historical periods of formation of outdoor trade spaces in Birobidzhan and their architectural and planning features. The first stage was 1928-1933: the period of free development of the territory, when the trade environment was an instrument of social adaptation of the developed space. The second was 1932-1937, when professional architects were invited to the planning and development of the city, and the market square received its official status. The third stage was 1937-1990: the period of planned development of the territory, when the planned trade environment was formed. The fourth was in the 1990s: it was the time of post-socialist transformation, the typical feature of which was self-organization of market space, the trade street reflected the crisis phenomena in the urban system. The fifth stage lasts from 2000 to the present and includes reorganization of trade spaces: demolition of old pavilions and stalls in the Central Market area, emergence of seasonal fairs as a new form of open trade in the city, concentration of small open trade spaces near the existing markets at the same time with separate functioning of large shopping centres that close the adjacent territories from street trade. The comprehensive programme for the implementation of the concept "Compact competitive city with jewish colour on the border with China" (master plan of Birobidzhan until 2030) envisages, among other things, the renovation of trade spaces. It should take into account trade as a social phenomenon.

The reorganization of space and literary representation of Seoul during the liberation period, 1945–1950

ABSTRACT Liberated on August 15, 1945, Seoul was reorganized as the “capital” of the nation-state instead of a “colonial dual city.” Public spaces and buildings in Gyeongseong that were built under Imperial Japan’s assimilation policy were dismantled. During the national construction period, national monuments were built, and spaces for national ceremonies were established. Seoul was reshuffled into an ideological space based on the anti-communist ideology of U.S. military rule, the blockade of the 38th Parallel, and the establishment of respective governments of the two Koreas. With the formation of the global Cold War order, the aim was to unify Seoul’s spatial power and compete for an inter-Korean regime. Seoul established a spatial order for right-wing nationalism through the U.S. military government and the Rhee Syng-man regime, as confirmed in the Korean literature’s spatial representation during the liberation period. However, the literature of Yi Gwang-su and Yeom Sang-seop showed that Seoul functioned as a cultural contact zone during the liberation period through the spatial practice of diverse and heterogeneous subjects who did not move according to the spatial order of such right-wing nationalism. This confirms Seoul’s multi-layered spatiality, where cultures, such as modern and pre-modern, Western and Eastern, empires and colonies, and leftists and rightists, are mixed and overlapped. Its spatial representation as a cultural contact zone created a rift in its spatial order, reorganized it as the capital of a nation-state and activated the literary imagination for producing diverse and heterogeneous social spaces.

Developing a 15-minute city: A comparative study of four Italian Cities-Cagliari, Perugia, Pisa, and Trieste

The pandemic and the environmental crisis raise the question of a radical transformation of cities to foster inclusion, sustainability, participation, and quality of life. The 15-minute city concept prefigures a reorganization of urban spaces, structures, and functions aimed at increasing residents’ access to essential services, favoring sustainable modes of transportation, and transforming public urban spaces into multifunctional places. The proposed study develops a set of indicators derived from the spatial and configurational analysis to evaluate the compliance of urban systems with the 15-minute city concept. The selected areas of study are the cities of Cagliari, Perugia, Pisa, and Trieste, in Italy. The study investigates four issues: i) defining a set of relevant, reproducible, and comparable indicators for measuring density, proximity, and diversity; ii) investigating the influence of distinct urban planning concepts, manifested by distinct spatial configurations, on density, proximity, and diversity; iii) defining urban scale metrics to measure levels of spatial injustice in terms of unequal conditions of access to essential services and iv) measuring the correlation between configurational factors and access to services. The analysis underlines the gap in access to essential services among central compact districts and dispersed outer areas, thus enabling the identification of inequalities in the distribution of spatial capital. Moreover, the study underlines the relationship between the urban environment structure and the location of functions. As a result, the study emphasizes that the proposed set of indicators is instrumental to understanding the urban environment's potential to meet urban populations' needs and facilitating informed decisions in urban planning.

The kitchen rediscovered: the effects of the lockdown on domestic food consumption and dietary patterns in early pandemic Italy

ABSTRACT Italy was among the first countries worldwide and the first in Europe to implement a complete lockdown to curb the spread of the coronavirus. This two-month lockdown significantly disrupted daily routines, leading to the reorganization of space, time, and modalities of meals. This article presents a study conducted in Italy during the lockdown, aiming to capture real-time changes in home-based eating practices. The study highlights how food-related routines shifted around home spaces, altered schedules, and increased technology use for cooking. It also explores changes in family dynamics, emphasizing communal cooking and dining. These shifts offer insights into opportunities for broader social changes, with food practices serving as a focal point for reconsidering role dynamics and dialogue within households, particularly related to gender, generations, and work-life balance. Furthermore, the study delves into agential factors, such as healthier nutrition habits and active lifestyles linked to a renewed commitment to cooking together and local food, which has remained a priority for Italian consumers even during times of crisis.

Security Uncertainty and Reorganization of Urban Spaces in the City of Ouagadougou

The security crisis that Burkina Faso is experiencing, although mainly occurring in rural areas, is influencing the behavior of citizens in terms of urban infrastructure development. In fact, public area in the city of Ouagadougou is constantly being redesigned to take into account the uncertainty of a terrorist attack. Military and paramilitary spaces are equipped with security devices² forcing road users to bypass them to access services. What explains the choice of barriers requiring the disorganization of urban space? The objective of this research is to understand the determinants of the choice of the layout of barriers in lieu of the adoption of innovative means of surveillance and to identify the process of establishing these barriers. The research method is qualitative and is operationalized through in-depth interviews with a variety of people, including municipal services, security services, and users of services adjacent to the security services. The results show a lack of coordination between the municipal services in charge of urban planning and the security services that adopt road closures. A low use of digital surveillance equipment and a weak capacity to react in case of danger explain the choice of the use of protective barriers and barbed wire.

Impact of adapting paediatric intensive care units for adult care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review

ObjectivesThe objectives were to categorise the evidence, map out the existing studies and explore what was known about the organisation of paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) during the first 18...

대안적 문화체험 모델로서의 지방구술사 기반 관광에 대한 탐색적 연구

As in the industrialization era, capitalism dominates the world, people become interested in experiencing spatio-temporal entities that satisfy all human needs between marketability and publicity, visibility and invisibility, past and present, and authenticity and pseudo-events. This macroscopic shift in the social order has a great influence on people’s cultural experience in the region where they live. The ideological value that enables the convergent production and consumption system can be said to be the convergent self-regulation mechanism of modernism and postmodernism. Oral history research that leads the transboundary cultural experience has recently attracted attention throughout the social sciences that study convergent social order. In particular, local oral history helps us understand the phenomenon of reorganization of time and space that is the basis of human lifestyle in the terms of microscopic life in the community.The oral history of the local community, a combination of objective records and subjective memories, can be an objective and subjective new meta-knowledge that features self-construction of transboundary sign experience in the structure of human-society intimacy. Local history research through personal oral history is a so-called bottom-up historical approach and discusses how human behavioral characteristics change the appearance of social culture itself and how closely related they are to social systems. The development of local tourism based on local oral history as an alternative cultural experience model enables in-depth research on the interaction of the region, society, and culture. It also can serve as a major basis for the development of sustainable and systematic eco-friendly local tourism development.

Water Cooperation and Ideology in Local Communities

This article addresses how ideology affects local water governance, focusing on a groundwater basin in central Iran. It offers a case study of a symbiotic relationship between upstream and downstream communities, allowing a sustainable form of water governance. The cooler weather, better pastures and greater amount of precipitation of the basin upstream drew nomadic communities, whose economy was not dependent on irrigation. Downstream, fertile soil and warm weather favored agriculture with a high demand for water that was supplied by the groundwater transferred from the basin upstream. The exchange of livestock products and agricultural goods between the basin’s upstream and downstream areas systematically tied their economic systems. However, Iran’s 1979 revolution brought a hybrid leftist-Islamist ideology that unbalanced this traditional relationship through the reorganization of geographical space. The upstream communities were encouraged to cultivate their pastures, which led to a boom in the number of irrigation wells. The downstream villages were persuaded to adopt a new cropping pattern that turned most of their water-efficient vineyards into apricot orchards with high water demands. Therefore, an abrupt increase in water demand in the basin upstream and downstream thwarted the cooperation between the two areas and drove the basin into “the tragedy of the unmanaged commons.”

How Did an Integrated Health and Social Services Center in the Quebec Province Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Qualitative Case Study

ABSTRACT During the first and second waves of the pandemic, Quebec was among the Canadian provinces with the highest COVID-19 mortality rates. Facing particularly large COVID-19 outbreaks in its facilities, an integrated health and social services center in the province of Quebec (Canada), developed resilience strategies. To explore these diverse responses to the crisis, we conducted a case study analysis of a Quebec integrated health and social services center, building on a conceptualization of resilience strategies using “configurations” of effects, strategies, and impacts. Qualitative data from 14 indepth interviews conducted in the summer and fall of 2020 with managers and frontline practitioners were analyzed through the lens of situations of “anticipation,” “reaction,” or “inaction.” The findings were discussed in three results dissemination workshops, two with practitioners and one with managers, to discern lessons they learned. Three major configurations emerged: 1) reorganization of services and spaces to accommodate more COVID-19 patients; 2) management of contamination risks for patients and professionals; and 3) management of personal protective equipment (PPE), supplies, and medications. Within these configurations, the responses to the crisis were strongly shaped by the 2015 health care system reforms in Quebec and were constrained by organizational challenges that included a centralized model of governance, a history of substantial budget cuts to longterm care facilities, and a systematic lack of human resources.

Adaptation and Response of a Major Parisian Referral Hospital to the COVID-19 Surge: A Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have focused on crisis management of multiple services within one hospital over several waves of the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the COVID-19 crisis response of a Parisian referral hospital which managed the first three COVID cases in France and to analyze its resilience capacities. Between March 2020 and June 2021, we conducted observations, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and lessons learned workshops. Data analysis was supported by an original framework on health system resilience. Three configurations emerged from the empirical data: 1) reorganization of services and spaces; 2) management of professionals’ and patients’ contamination risk; and 3) mobilization of human resources and work adaptation. The hospital and its staff mitigated the effects of the pandemic by implementing multiple and varied strategies, which the staff perceived as having positive and/or negative consequences. We observed an unprecedented mobilization of the hospital and its staff to absorb the crisis. Often the mobilization fell on the shoulders of the professionals, adding to their exhaustion. Our study demonstrates the capacity of the hospital and its staff to absorb the COVID-19 shock by putting in place mechanisms for continuous adaptation. More time and insight will be needed to observe whether these strategies and adaptations will be sustainable over the coming months and years and to assess the overall transformative capacities of the hospital.

Reconceptualizing carbon datafication through indigeneity

The growing datafication of the world continues to be a pressing concern for critical geographers. Indigenous scholars are also challenging western research paradigms for under-representing the social effects that datafication imposes on Indigenous communities. This paper adds to these conversations by closely examining the problematic of carbon datafication in Indigenous places using the author's positionality as an Indigenous-Naga geographer. The author simulated carbon maps of Nagaland (northeastern India) to demonstrate the datafication of Indigenous places into carbon commodities, and then used the maps and his emic perspectives to interview Naga tribesmen and tribeswomen about carbon datafication. Selected interviews are highlighted in this paper to contextualize the social effects of carbon datafication on Naga epistemologies of forests, material reorganization of space, and carbon enclosures for global marketization. The paper also examines the limitations of alternative non-digital mapping, as well as the opportunities for locally repurposing GIS applications to involve and benefit Indigenous communities. Elements of local agency and the speculative effects of carbon markets are also discussed in the inter-tribal sociopolitical context of Nagaland.

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ БАГАТОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИХШКІЛ-ІНТЕРНАТІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ СТРАТЕГІЇ ДЕІНСТИТУАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The article examines the problems of designing multifunctional boarding schools in the context of the de-institutionalization strategy, which involves a significant reduction in their number and a significant reorganization of space. The need for a significant revision of approaches to the design of alternative care facilities for children and their possible options is considered. A range of problems related to the design of multifunctional boarding schools in the context of the deinstitutionalization strategy is outlined, including the need for a significant change in the regulatory framework, and the creation of project concepts for a community-oriented institution of alternative care for children deprived of parental care. Two fundamental theoretical-practical directions, arising from the strategy of deinstitutionalization, are defined – inclusive and exclusive. Inclusive refers to a set of analytical and design measures aimed at placing care space within the framework of existing urban planning structures. Exclusive means a set of analytical and design measures related to the design of separate, relatively isolated structures, which will therefore require additional adaptation measures to the requirements of the deinstitutionalization strategy. As part of the exclusive direction, three aspects of the spatial organization are highlighted: communicational, personal, and developing. Communicative means project activity aimed at improving interaction within the children’s team, forming the values of trust, empathy, and solidarity. The personal aspect involves theoretical and practical efforts aimed at ensuring a sufficient amount of attention is given to a particular pupil and promoting the formation of his/her integral individuality. The developmental aspect largely depends on the previous two, has a more traditional character, and is aimed at the development of cognitive, educational, and competence skills.

Augmented Placemaking: Urban Technologies, Interaction Design and Public Spaces in a Post-Pandemic World

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a sudden and widespread reorganization of public spaces, underpinned by digital technologies. The impromptu, ad hoc and collective character of this reorganization of shared places for social interactions echoes traditional practices of placemaking otherwise advocated for liveable cities, now applied to the new—physical, virtual and, increasingly, hybrid—public spaces people started to inhabit. In this article, I define the notion of ‘augmented placemaking’, referring to a particularly new form of digital placemaking, unleashed by the pandemic. First, I identify key new scenarios for the design of urban interfaces that emerged or gained impetus in response to COVID-19. Following that, I synthesize a model for augmented placemaking based on emerging topologies, discussing the opportunities and challenges they posed, and their potential to inform future HCI. I then conclude by proposing guidelines to inform the design process of augmented placemaking initiatives going forward. Categories and subject descriptors: cities; pervasive computing; smart cities

The Dark Side of Urbanisation: Inequality, Precarity and “Gentrification” in Middle Kingdom Tell el-Dabca, Ancient Avaris

Tell el-Dabca, ancient Avaris (eastern Delta in Egypt), was initially settled in the late 11th-early 12th dynasty, when a planned settlement was built in area F/I. This settlement was abandoned two times. The first abandonment was followed by the return of the same people, or the people of the same social background and class, to the existing planned settlement. After the second abandonment and a hiatus, the demolition and levelling of the area took place. These changes were previously interpreted as a simple reorganization of space. This paper argues that the changes in the settlement structure in the area, are a reflection of a profound change in the social background and class of the inhabitants. These changes are a consequence of class inequality and precarity understood as “politically induced condition” (Butler 2009: 25) which allowed the “gentrification” of the area.

Hybrid festivals: Challenges facing Cracow’s festival scene in times of pandemic

The main goal of this paper is to show the strategies of dealing with the pandemic circumstances chosen by three of the city’s festivals: EtnoKraków/Crossroads, Sacrum Profanum, and Unsound. Emerging from their diverse approaches is a new hybrid festival formula, which brings with it brand new challenges. These include: new models of interaction between organisers, artists, and audiences; reorganisation of festival space; new patterns of audience accessibility and new forms of exclusion/openness; opportunities and barriers for (virtual) cultural exchange; and finally, a recalibration and blurring of the public and private dimensions brought about by the new types of festival experience. Indeed, it could even be argued that the live event sector is facing significant change in the very concept of “liveness”. The analysis is based both on existing data concerning processes of music festival production and consumption (press articles, reviews, and reports) and semi-structured interviews with artistic directors, managers and producers of the selected festivals, held in 2020/2021.

Hybrid places

Abstract This article is about adaptations to the regimentation of public and private living through the reorganisation of domestic space and time routines a year into changeable Covid-related restrictions. The discussion is based on narratives and audio-visual artefacts generated by participants from 20 UK households through the methodology of photovoice and that articulate domestic-related boundary-making processes and forms of space hybridisation in the ongoing changes caused by the pandemic. In the article, Covid-19 signage is represented by language and other semiotic markings that engender an inside spatial and social semiotics and that stands in a dialogic relationship with the outside spatial and social semiotics as dictated by the pandemic, and where domestic landscapes articulate forms of transmedia code-mixing that invest written words, sounds, and screens.

Work regimes and technology-driven transformations in DRCongo's artisanal and small-scale gold mines

Over the past two decades growing scarcity and rising costs have pushed artisanal and small-scale gold miners all over the world towards mechanization and technological innovation. Based on qualitative data gathered in the two largest artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) towns in South Kivu province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), we analyze what these technological innovations imply for the ASGM work regime, conceptualized as the set of practices used to organize and control workers. We observe transformations in workers’ tasks, skills and specializations; a reorganization of working time and space; an evolution in the payment system towards wage labour; a concentration of financial capital; and a strengthening of the position of mining cooperatives. We also stress the embedded and sedimented nature of these transformations.