Rental Homes Research Articles

Firearm Storage Maps: A Pragmatic Approach to Reduce Firearm Suicide During Times of Risk.

Preventing firearm-related injury and death requires pragmatic, community-based solutions. The authors describe their initial experiences developing a statewide map of locations where firearms may ...

Developing innovative business models for reducing return temperatures in district heating systems: Approach and first results

Temperature reduction plays a key-role in increasing the energy efficiency of existing European district heating (DH) systems and, most important, in allowing a higher and more cost-efficient integration of sustainable low-temperature sources. However, technical, economical and legal barriers hamper the necessary investments. Purpose of this study is the elaboration of business models encouraging a substantial temperature reduction in existing DH systems and enabling the transition towards the 4GDH. Particular focus is paid on solutions incentivizing the deep implementation of measures on the demand side to reduce the network return temperatures. The information collected through the review of international success stories and through interviews with stakeholders is used to derive recommendations for business models and propose new ideas for Austrian DH utilities, though the replicability in other countries is not excluded. The elaborated solutions are intended to overcome the main barriers acting in synergy on three levels: 1) customers’ engagement in fault detection and in temperature reduction; 2) financing of fault detection and optimization measures through strategic partnerships and crowdfunding platforms; 3) Energy Saving Contracting, especially (but not only) to solve the split incentive issue in rental homes.

New Discoveries: The Marriage Certificate of Eugene O'Neill and Carlotta Monterey (July 22, 1929) / Sean O'Casey, Letter to Eugene O'Neill (November 25, 1936)

New Discoveries: The Marriage Certificate of Eugene O'Neill and Carlotta Monterey (July 22, 1929) / Sean O'Casey, Letter to Eugene O'Neill (November 25, 1936)

AGE DIFFERENCES IN THE CHARACTERISTICS AND HABITS OF 2019 BIKE WEEK ATTENDEES IN DAYTONA BEACH, FLORIDA

Older adults are an important demographic group in the tourism sector, particularly in Florida. This study assessed age-group differences in the characteristics and habits of 2019 Daytona Bike Week attendees, as evidence indicates the average age of bike week visitors is rising. Aging Studies and Hospitality undergraduate students at Bethune-Cookman University interviewed 335 participants using Google Forms on their mobile phones. Results from chi-square tests indicate that there were significant differences between younger (20-39 years), middle-aged (40-59 years) and older adults (60+ years) in terms of gender and income, expenditures on accommodations, type of accommodations, nights spent, and first-time attendance. A greater percentage of older bike week attendees were male and higher income, and were less likely to be first-time attendees. Older adults also tended to spend more on accommodation and stayed longer, and were more likely to stay in Air BnBs, rental homes or a second home/condo compared with younger and middle-aged adults, but were less likely to stay in a hotel/motel or with friends/family. No significant differences were found in expenditures on food, alcohol, gas, entertainment or shopping. Findings suggest that older bike week attendees are important contributors to bike week tourism, particularly with respect to accommodations.

Fighting racism in Turkey: Kurdish homeownership as an anti-racist practice

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the housing experiences of Kurdish migrants/working classes in a Turkish-dominated working-class district of Zeytinburnu in Istanbul since the 1990s. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, the article argues that Kurds experienced housing discrimination predominantly in the forms of refusal of tenancy and the threat of removal from their homes by their Turkish neighbours and landlords. To struggle against this form of racism, they developed homeownership as a form of everyday anti-racist practice. For them, owned home rather than rented home emerged as a space of resistance where they can restore their dignity and integrity in a place polluted by racialized power relations with a long colonial history. The article also argues that the reproduction of the space in the form of apartmentalization since the 1980s and the crisis of the housing industry in the 2000s played important roles in Kurds’ development of homeownership as an anti-racist practice.

How and to what extent is health considered in English housing policy: a thematic analysis of national Government housing policy documents since 2010

BackgroundPoor housing is detrimental to health. In England, around one in five homes fail decent homes criteria. The aims of this study were to map changes within English policy affecting housing for lower income households and explore the extent that health features in government housing documents. MethodsWe did an analysis of English housing policy documents between May 12, 2010, and Aug 1, 2019. English language UK Government publications on housing policy strategy, guidelines, consultations, and committee reports were included. The search was not comprehensive. Rather, we sought key policy documents by searching GOV.UK, consulting stakeholders, and checking citations. After identifying the main housing policies introduced during this period, we used thematic analysis to examine if and how health and health inequalities were considered in these policy documents. Findings71 documents were identified in our search. Each covered housing policies related to one or more of the following policy areas: social housing (n=34), supported housing for elderly and disabled people and people in housing crisis (n=35), private rented sector (n=8), home ownership (n=15), and healthy places (n=7). We identified the following health-related themes: focusing on vulnerable populations, temporary versus long-term health issues, health and housing welfare entitlement, environmental exposure to health and safety hazards, insecure housing, and the contribution of housing to healthy places and communities. Many policy documents distinguished between people requiring long-term sheltered or supported housing (typically focusing on elderly and disabled people) and people susceptible to acute housing crises requiring short-term interventions. Policy documents were less detailed on the health impacts housing policies could have on the wider population, including policy discussions of public expenditure constraints, welfare restrictions, and short-term tenancies. A few policy documents from 2017 onwards made some reference to the stress and harms of short-term and insecure housing—notably private rented homes—and the overall housing market has been described by the government as broken. InterpretationSince 2010, housing policy documents typically considered health in the context of public expenditure and social and supported housing. Wider population health impacts of housing policies received less attention. Recent changes in rhetoric should be monitored for their sustainability and health impacts. FundingNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (grant no PD-SPH-2015).

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Relation to Family Characteristics, Stressors and Chemical Co-Exposures in California Girls.

Childhood environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes and may disproportionately burden lower socioeconomic status groups, exacerbating health disparities. We explored associations of demographic factors, stressful life events, and chemical co-exposures, with cotinine levels, among girls in the CYGNET Study. Data were collected from families of girls aged 6–8 years old in Northern California, through clinic exams, questionnaires and biospecimens (n = 421). Linear regression and factor analysis were conducted to explore predictors of urinary cotinine and co-exposure body burdens, respectively. In unadjusted models, geometric mean cotinine concentrations were higher among Black (0.59 ug/g creatinine) than non-Hispanic white (0.27), Asian (0.32), or Hispanic (0.34) participants. Following adjustment, living in a rented home, lower primary caregiver education, and lack of two biologic parents in the home were associated with higher cotinine concentrations. Girls who experienced parental separation or unemployment in the family had higher unadjusted cotinine concentrations. Higher cotinine was also associated with higher polybrominated diphenyl ether and metals concentrations. Our findings have environmental justice implications as Black and socio-economically disadvantaged young girls experienced higher ETS exposure, also associated with higher exposure to other chemicals. Efforts to reduce ETS and co-exposures should account for other disparity-related factors.

Trait Emotional Intelligence and Its Correlates in Oman Medical Specialty Board Residents.

As part of the globalization of medical education, residency programs in Oman have adopted competency-based standards by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education International (ACGME-I). Correctly perceiving the emotions of others and managing one's own emotions are essential to high-quality patient care. We tested the reliability and construct validity of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF), and assessed trait Emotional Intelligence (EI) in Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) residents in multiple specialties. We explored for correlations with trainees' sociodemographic background data. We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study between February and August 2017. Participants were OMSB residents. We administered the TEIQue-SF and collected sociodemographic data from participants. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of trait EI. The present cohort scored high in the trait EI subscale of Well-being, followed by Sociability, Self-control, and Emotionality. Among sociodemographic factors, female gender and high income were significant predictors of TEIQue-SF's Well-being subscale and high income and living in a rented home were significant predictors of the Sociability subscale. This is the first study conducted among medical residents in Oman regarding trait EI and its correlates. Our findings of overall high EI and several socioeconomic predictors echo the literature on the assessment of EI in trainees. The findings add to the evidence of cross-cultural applicability of instruments to measure trait EI, and use assessments of EI in resident selection and education.

Market Power and Consumer Welfare: Evidence from Home Rental Markets

This paper examines the recent rise of institutional investment in the single-family home rental market and its implications for renters' welfare. Using institutional mergers to identify local exogenous variation in institutional landlords' scale and market share, we show that rent increased in neighborhoods where both merging firms owned properties (i.e., overlapped neighborhoods) relative to other non-overlapped neighborhoods. Meanwhile, crime rate also significantly decreased in overlapped neighborhoods after mergers. Our findings suggest that while institutional landlords leverage market power to extract greater surplus from renters, they also improve the quality of rental services by enhancing neighborhood safety.

The Value of Proximity to a Vacation Home Rental in a Resort Community

Based upon a hedonic regression analysis of home sales in the City of South Lake Tahoe (CA), a vacation home rental (VHR) sells for more than a similar non-VHR. In addition, the presence of VHRs within a quarter-mile radius of a home sale also raises its value. However, the overall effect on the value of all home sale values from the presence of VHRs in South Lake Tahoe is negative. VHRs benefit owners and neighbors near them, but overall reduce the city’s residential property values. These findings offer a logical basis for the heated discussions often observed over planning activities that restrict the presence of VHRs and/or attempt to mitigate their neighborhood effects. The paper concludes with implications for planning policy directed at VHRs.

The dispute over tourist cities. Tourism gentrification in the historic Centre of Palma (Majorca, Spain)

The historic centre of Palma is undergoing significant socio-urban change due to tourism-real estate speculation—an issue that is constantly highlighted in debates on tourism gentrification. This revaluation of the historic centre as a place for investment coincided with a serious economic crisis and an increase in urban inequality throughout the city. Tourism gentrification is spreading throughout neighbourhoods in the old town, most notably in areas with high heritage value. Our aim herein is to examine tourism gentrification in the historic centre of Palma through the increase in luxury hotels and short-stay holiday home rentals, particularly those listed on Airbnb, as the two most recent agents of gentrification. The advent of social resistance to this phenomenon can be tied to the socio-urban impacts that have stemmed from this tourism speculation: financial (real estate speculation and rising property prices), social (evictions), and functional and scenic (symbolic and commercial transformation). The strongest political response has come in the recent Tourism Act (August 2017) introducing certain regulatory measures: firstly, the focus on the illegal nature of renting holiday accommodation and, secondly, tourism zoning which, in Palma, has led to a complete ban on holiday rentals in residential apartment blocks. Palma is the first city in Spain to opt for this solution.

Tobacco smoke exposure disparities persist in U.S. children: NHANES 1999–2014

Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) is a common modifiable hazard to children. The objective was to investigate how the prevalence of TSE varied from 1999 to 2014 among U.S. children and to calculate differences between sociodemographic characteristics and TSE by two-year increases. We also assessed associations between sociodemographics and TSE in 2013–2014. A secondary analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 was performed including 14,199 children 3–11 years old from nationwide. We conducted logistic regression analyses to assess TSE trends, and associations between sociodemographics and TSE in 2013–2014. TSE prevalence declined from 64.5% to 38.1% during 1999–2014 (a relative reduction of 44.4%). TSE declined among all sociodemographics. In 2013–2014, differences in TSE were found by race/ethnicity, family monthly poverty level [FPL], and house status. Non-Hispanic black children were 1.85 times more likely (95%CI[1.39–2.47]) to be exposed to tobacco smoke than non-Hispanic white children, whereas Non-Hispanic other (OR = 0.71, 95%CI[0.52–0.96]), Hispanic other (OR = 0.42, 95%CI[0.30–0.59]), and Hispanic Mexican (OR = 0.27, 95%CI[0.21–0.35]) children were at lower risk of exposure. Compared to those in the highest FPL category (>185%), children with FPL ≤130% were 3.37 times more likely (95%CI[2.73–4.15]) and children with FPL 131–185% were 1.80 times more likely (95%CI[1.31–2.49]) to be exposed. Children who lived in rented homes were 2.23 times more likely (95%CI[1.85–2.69]) to be exposed than children who lived in owned homes. Targeted tobacco control efforts are needed to reduce existing TSE disparities among children, especially those who are non-Hispanic black, low socioeconomic status, and live in rented homes.

On Heterotopia of a Commodified Dwelling Space (Case of Baikalsk)

In the article, we examine the phenomenon of short-term apartment rentals for tourists by the residents of the city of Baikalsk. The residents live in their apartments for the most part of their lives, but leave at the moment of the apartment’s rental. We base our analysis on the field studies (interviews and observations) conducted in Baikalsk in 2006–2016, as well as statistical data and Internet sources. In order to grasp the complexity of the studied phenomenon, the concept of heterotopia was chosen. This allowed us to overcome the “public/private” dichotomy in identifying the following features of the phenomenon of short-term rental: (1) the informal character of home rental; (2) the ability to associate in one place private and public spaces, traditionally perceived as incompatible; (3) network relations between tenants and hosts; (4) the emerging heterochrony as a result of apartment owners changing their habits and rituals when leaving their private space, while the tenants associate the rented space with recreation and entertainment. The home rental practice might be considered as an art of solving some practical problems. Such skills are especially relevant in case of societies undergoing transition from one state to another. In the globalizing world, almost all communities can be characterized as such to some degree.

The evolution of trust in Airbnb: A case of home rental

Airbnb, a leader of P2P accommodation markets, has acknowledged that “trust is what makes Airbnb work” and has implemented several trust indicators over the years: reputation system, impression formation, and certification. We evaluate the changes in these indicators over time: 1. the modification of the reputation system, 2. the removal of hosts’ photos from the main search screen, and 3. the introduction of the Superhost program. We find that the change of the rating system was associated with a small, yet significant, reduction in ratings, that the removal of the hosts’ photos might have eliminated the price premium of trustworthy images, and that Superhost certification involves a price premium, but does not seem to compensate for established reputation.This article also launches the Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection on Peer-to-peer accommodation networks, a special selection of research in this field.

The impact of colleges and hospitals to local real estate markets

This paper studies how the presence of universities and hospitals influences local home prices and rents. We analyze the data on ZIP code level and on the level of individual homes. Our ZIP code-level analysis uses median home price data from 13,105 ZIP codes over 21 years and rent data from 15,918 ZIP codes over 7 years to compare a ZIP code’s appreciation, volatility and vacancies to the size of a university or hospital within that ZIP code. Our home-level analysis uses data from 2,786,895 homes for sale and 267,486 homes for rent to study the impact of the distance from the nearest university or hospital to individual home prices. While our results generally agree with our expectations that larger, closer institutions yield higher prices, we also find some interesting results that challenge these expectations, such as positive correlations between volatility and university/hospital size in some ZIP codes, a positive correlation between rent and distance from a hospital for some homes, and lower correlations of rent vs. distance from a university compared to price vs. distance.

Voluntary Management of Residential Water Demand in Low and Middle-Low Income Homes: A Pilot Study of Soacha (Colombia)

The efficient use of water in urban contexts becomes a priority in the face of population growth and the potential vulnerability of water supply as a result of the impacts of climate change. This pilot study focuses on the use of educational strategies to promote the voluntary management of residential water demand. Three schools in the municipality of Soacha (Colombia) were involved, where students from 12 to 15 years old participated as promoters of water consumption educational campaigns within their families, covering a total of 120 low and middle-income families. Three intervention strategies (that is, a virtual platform, learning activities, and graphical tools) were carried out. The effects of these intervention strategies on changes in the water consumption were analyzed to establish the dependence of this variable with socio-demographic, economic, environmental and quality of life factors. Different information gathering tools were used, such as validated local water utility bills, surveys and self-reports. The graphical tools reduced consumption by 14%, but other strategies did not show significant reductions. However, according to self-reported data, all educational campaigns did have positive outcomes on the participants’ behavior. It was found that socioeconomic factors, such as type of housing, socioeconomic strata, living in a rented home, and quality of life variables (such as enjoying nature and culture, good and fluid family relationships, and material possessions) significantly affected the changes in water consumption behavior.

Impact of housing market transformation in Germany on affordable housing: the case of North Rhine-Westphalia

The German housing market has changed significantly since the first decade of the new millennium. A considerable amount of public sector and company-owned employee housing has been sold off, while a number of large publicly listed real estate firms have emerged. This has been particularly evident in North Rhine-Westphalia. This paper examines the consequences of these changes for the development of rental prices, especially at the lower end of the market, by analysing 300,000 advertisements for rental homes in the ten largest cities in North Rhine-Westphalia. The results show that on average, and taking quality and location into account, the least expensive rental homes are offered by larger housing organisations with co-operatives being especially well priced, while there are only moderate differences between public companies and big private companies. One explanation may be that the rent policies of large private and public providers have converged, while co-operative housing associations still provide rental homes considerably more cheaply.

The Impact of Airbnb on Residential Property Values and Rents: Evidence from Portugal

Short-term rentals have facilitated the upraise trend in tourism growth in several cities around the world. However, concerns for the negative effects that such home-sharing platforms may have on the housing market and traditional markets have driven community groups and housing advocates to intensely react against them. Whether or not short-term rentals increase housing prices and rents for local residents is an empirical question. We quantify the causal effects of Airbnb's short-term rentals on urban housing affordability in Portugal by estimating quarterly housing rents and prices as a function of Airbnb concentration. We take advantage of the 2014 regulatory reform and employ a difference-in-differences (DiD) empirical strategy. We estimate an overall increase in property values of 34% and 10.9% for rents due to the short-term lease regulatory reform. We also find that these effects are particularly localized to the historical centers and areas attractive to tourists in the cities of Lisbon and Porto. A better understanding of the effects of short-term home rentals on housing markets and of the magnitude of its impact on residential property prices and rents are crucial information to determine whether it needs to be regulated and how proper regulation should be designed.

Housing vacancy and urban growth: explaining changes in long-term vacancy after the US foreclosure crisis

After the Great Recession, a historically high level of foreclosures resulted in an accumulation of vacant properties in the USA. However, much of our recent knowledge about vacant housing has focused only on shrinking cities. Using multivariate analyses with vacancy data derived from the US Postal Service, this study examines patterns and factors associated with changes in neighborhood-level, long-term vacancies in three types of metropolitan areas across the nation during the US housing recovery from 2011 to 2014. The findings suggest that neighborhood factors associated with changes in long-term vacant homes vary based on the growth trajectory of metropolitan statistical areas (metros): In weak-growth metros, larger increases in long-term vacancies tended to occur in depressed neighborhoods with high shares of African Americans and single-family home renters. In hard-hit metros, which were hit by a large decline in home values, increasing levels of long-term vacancies were prevalent in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and higher shares of townhomes and condominiums. Finally, in strong-growth metros, increases in long-term vacancies tended to occur in outlying counties. When comparing one type of metropolitan area to another, researchers and policy makers must acknowledge the limitations of generalizing their findings. With a more thorough understanding of the variations in the neighborhood dynamics of the housing market, they will be more equipped to inform both housing policy and research.

Rehabilitasi Perumahan dan Permukiman Swadaya Penunjang Wisata Berbasis Kelayakan Huni di Pesisir Pantai Tanjung Bayang Makassar

The development of the function of private homes into rental homes in the coast of Tanjung Bayang tends not to pay attention to the standards of building feasibility and life eligibility for residents. This study aims to explain the physical condition of self-help housing and settlement to support tourism related to life feasibility on the coast of Tanjung Bayang Makassar. The data used are primary data that obtained from observations, interviews, literature reviews, laws on housing and settlements and data from the statistical center of the city of Makassar. Data analysis uses qualitative, quantitative and comparative descriptive. Data is presented in the form of numerical values ​​on a continuum scale and calculation of percentages in frequency tables using the IPA method. The results of the study show that the conditions of the self-help housing and settlement in the coast of Tanjung Bayang Makassar has not fulfilled the requirements as a decent tourist residence. The safety aspects of the house buildings, space and window opening areas, as well as the completeness of facilities and infrastructure, such as the installation of electricity networks, availability of clean water, drainage facilities, landfills, and sewage systems are not according to the standards of eligibility for life and visit. The proposed rehabilitation concept includes the direction of the concept of structure and material of the house conctruction, space and window opening area and the utility and sanitation.