Housing Renovation Research Articles

Adaptive Reuse of Manor Houses: Modernism and Tradition in Fernando Távora’s Approach for Heritage Renovation

This article seeks to analyze the methodology and principles underlying the intervention of the Portuguese architect and professor Fernando Távora (1923-2005) in the renovation of manor houses in the north of Portugal. Throughout his renowned professional career, Távora designed the refurbishment of numerous country houses, managing to adapt uses and spaces to the new requirements without undermining their strong identity in the landscape and their historical and architectural values. Thus, the study of his particular methodology can provide design guidelines to approach the adaptive reuse of this cultural legacy with respect for its heritage values, especially in rural areas undergoing a severe process of depopulation and agro-productive transformation. Three case studies have been selected in order to determine the evolution and consolidation of his practice: The Casa da Igreja in Mondim de Basto (1958-1961), the Casa da Covilhã (1963-1988) and the Casa da Breia (1984-1985). These renovation projects reveal careful analysis of the preexistence, supporting sensitive introduction of new elements with subtle contemporary expression in respectful continuity with the forms and atmospheres of the past.

EXAMINATION OF EFFECTIVE SUPPORT MEASURES FOR DOMICILIATION BASED ON A SURVEY OF INTENTIONS OF MIGRANTS AND MIGRANTS IN A DECLINING POPULATION AREA

This report is to consider effective support measures for settlement by investigating the intentions of migrants to persons who wish to migrate to Tottori Prefecture and immigrants to Chizu Town. Effective support measures are (1) utilization of trial housing and town subsidy system and dissemination of advance information. (2) Both persons who wish to migrate and immigrants have relatively low household income before moving and are declining even after moving, so they are unable to pay for housing rent and renovation. Therefore, it is desirable to consider reducing the burden on users, such as making some repairs in advance.

A STUDY ON CRITERIA FOR PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT INSPECTION FOR WOODEN DETACHED HOUSES, PART 1 : COMPARISON OF PUBLIC SECTOR AND PRIVATE ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOLS

There is no definition of criteria for the performance improvement inspection. This study researches the public sector, which includes national subsidies and financial loans for housing renovation with performance improvement, and private training sessions of six architectural schools with four examples of survey reports. The public sector requires inspection of seven criteria. The private groups educate architects on inspection methods for the performance improvement beyond the public sector. They educate about inspection method of deterioration status and performance improvement, and legal integrity before renovation. Moreover, the preparation of those renovation plans is taught.

Endemic Cyprus Scops Owl Otus cyprius Readily Breeds in Artificial Nest Boxes.

Simple SummaryNest boxes are considered a valid conservation tool in order to sustain wild populations of birds. The Cyprus Scops Owl was recently defined as a new species. However, the extant information on the species is sporadic and the population level is not confirmed. In order to evaluate the ability of the species to use nest boxes, and to understand its habitat preferences, we placed boxes in rural areas, at the forest edge, and in the Paphos Forest. We found that the Cyprus Scops Owl displayed a preference for the forest edge and rural areas; although we also had, several pairs occupy nest boxes in the forest. We show that the nest box strategy can be implemented if in the future the species is threatened.As is well-known, endemic island bird species are especially vulnerable to extinction from anthropogenic environmental change and reduced fitness compared with mainland taxa. The Cyprus Scops Owl, Otus cyprius, is a recently recognized island endemic species whose ecology and breeding biology have not been studied. It nests mainly in holes in trees and buildings, so the felling of old trees, modern architectural practices, and the renovation of old houses in villages may reduce nest site availability. Its population trend is also unknown. Therefore, to better determine its ecological requirements and habitat preferences we placed nest boxes in rural areas adjacent to the forest, in the forest, and in the ecotone between them, and used breeding success as our indicator of habitat suitability. We found that breeding parameters like laying date, clutch size, length of the incubation period, hatching day, hatching success, and number of nestlings did not differ between the three habitats. Despite the low level of nest box occupancy rate (5–11%) the endemic Cyprus Scops Owl readily breeds in artificial nests. Therefore, although we are unaware of any current threats to the Cyprus Scops Owl, we recommend that its conservation be prioritized, including studies, monitoring, habitat conservation, and the provision of nest boxes.

EFEKTIVITAS BANTUAN BEDAH RUMAH TERHADAP FAKIR MISKIN (Studi di Kecamatan Gu Kabupaten Buton Tengah)

The purpose of this study was to determine the process of implementing house renovation assistance and its effectiveness for the poor in Kamama Mekar Village and Rahia Village in Gu Subdistrict, Central Buton Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by selecting informants by purposive sampling. The iformants in this study were the Consultant Team in implementing house renovation assistance, the Village Head, the Head of Customs/Hamlet and the Community who received assistance. The results showed the process of implementing house renovations in Kamama Mekar and Rahia villages. First, data collection was carried out by each hamlet head in each village. Second, a location review carried out by each Village Head to ensure the accuracy of the data on the receipt of house renovation assistance. Third, verification of data from the ministry for further action and Fourth, the process of house renovation assistance that is carried out in each hamlet in the village to communities that are eligible for their place of residence in rehab or who areentitled to receive house renovation assistance. After the house renovation assistance processs is carried out, it is seen from the effectiveness as stated by Edy Sutrisno that the effectiveness in dicator consists of First, understanding the program. Where the understanding of this program can be seen to what extent the community can understand these programs. Second, right on target, as stated by Bernard, that effectiveness is a dynamic condition of a series of processes for the implementation of tasks and functions of work in accordance with the objectives and targets of the program policies that have been set, with this conceptual definition a dimension of study is obtained, namely the dimension of program effectiveness. Third, on time in the process of implementing the construction of alivable house renovation program for the community in Kamama Mekar Village and Rahia Village, it has adjusted to the time set by the Central Buton Regency PUPR Service. And Fourth, real change, namely a program seen through the extent to which program activities give an effect or impact before and after the program has made changes to all related aspects.

Harmonisation of Space in an Industrial City: Social Guidelines

Urban studies examine the development of industrial cities regarding the well-being of citizens, their needs and quality of life. Due to a new understanding of industrial cities as towns for people, the role and place of man in the urban space should be reconsidered. We developed a model for structuring the industrial city space based on a retrospective analysis of urban development. Further, we revealed the characteristics of shrinking cities and determined how the harmonisation of the urban environment influences the society. The interaction between physical and social spaces was analysed from the perspective of object- subject relations, enriching the understanding of the categories of place and entity (residential area, public space, etc.), as well as allowing citizens to deliberately transform their environment. Using content analysis, we confirmed that the harmonisation of the urban environment (physical space) stabilises social relations, since the population, government and business should reach a consensus to achieve the city’s goal and satisfy their own needs and interests. The results of the urban space analysis reveal the disparities between historical and modern buildings, natural and urbanised areas, industrial and residential city areas, etc., that should be eliminated. The directions of harmonisation of the urban space (revitalisation of industrial facilities and marginal areas, housing renovation) are proposed. We tested different approaches on the example of cities in the Chelyabinsk region by analysing their development stages, signs of decline, and urban characteristics. We are continuing to study the development of industrial cities. Public authorities and local governments can use the obtained results to elaborate urban development strategies, as well as implement the national projects «Housing and Urban Environment» and «Demography» at the regional and municipal levels.

Association between house renovation during pregnancy and wheezing in the first year of life: The Japan environment and children's study

BackgroundWheezing is a common symptom in infants, which may occasionally develop into asthma. There are many factors related to infant wheezing, including anatomical features, viral infections, and passive smoking. There are only a few reports on the association between renovation and pregnancy worldwide, and reports on this association are inadequate in Japan. This study aimed to examine the association between house renovation and new construction during pregnancy and wheezing in infants during the first year of life using data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). MethodsData of pregnant women registered in JECS were collected using self-administered questionnaires during the second/third trimester and 1 month after delivery. Childbirth records were completed by the doctors. Similarly, wheezing in infants was evaluated using self-administered questionnaires 1 year after birth. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the primary outcome. ResultsIn total, 75,731 infants, excluding those with unknown gender, who were not singleton infants, and who relocated during pregnancy and the first month of life, were examined in this study. Renovation during pregnancy increased the prevalence of wheezing (odds ratio [OR]: 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–1.48) and recurrent wheezing (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.00–1.48) in the first year of life. The relationship between new construction during pregnancy and wheezing in infants was insignificant (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.90–1.06). ConclusionsRenovation during pregnancy may be a risk factor for wheezing in infants, and should be avoided.

Machine Learning Algorithm Identifies the Importance of Environmental Factors for Hospital Discharge to Home of Stroke Patients using Wheelchair after Discharge

Background and purposePhysical environmental factors are generally likely to become barriers for discharge to home of wheelchair users, compared with non-wheelchair users. However, the importance of environmental factors has not been investigated adequately. Application of machine learning technology might efficiently identify the most influential factors, although it is not easy to interpret and integrate various information including individual and environmental factors in clinical stroke rehabilitation. This study aimed to identify the influential factors affecting home discharge in the stroke patients who use a wheelchair after discharge by using machine learning technology. MethodsThis study used the rehabilitation database of our facility, which includes all stroke patients admitted into the convalescence rehabilitation ward. The chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) algorithm was used to develop a model to classify wheelchair-using stroke patients discharged to home or not-to-home. ResultsAmong the variables, including basic information, motor functional factor, activities of daily living ability factor, and environmental factors, the CHAID model identified house renovation and the existence of sloping roads around the house as the first and second discriminators for home discharge. ConclusionsOur present results could scientifically clarify that the clinician need to focus on the physical environmental factors for achieving home discharge in the patients who use a wheelchair after discharge.

Does Monetary Compensation During Railway Construction Make Households Better-Off?

The main aim of this study is to investigate the implication of overpass and double line railway construction conducted by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) on changes in income generating asset and the level of welfare in the community. We surveyed 28 households in Gambarsari Village, District Kebasen as affected communities who received monetary compensation from PT KAI. Comparisons between pre and post construction implication on the income generating asset of this group were made using Wilcoxon test. To compare whether the affected community become wealthier after receiving compensation, a ratio of per capita income to regional decent standard of living or Kualitas Hidup Layak (KHL) was used. The results of this study find that monetary compensation given by PT KAI has no significant impact on income generating asset. This result may be explained by the fact that instead of spending the received compensation on investment purposes such as buying a new land or kiosk, they use it for consumption purposes such as house makeover and renovation. Another important finding was that this study did not show any significant increase in household welfare level after the monetary compensation was given. A possible explanation to this result is the fact that most of affected household are elderly people who prefer to spend the compensated money for consumption rather than new income generating asset. Keywords: Impact evaluation, Overpass and Double Track Railway Construction, Land Acquisition.

Historical Development of Thermal Protection of Prefab Residential Housing and Its Future, an Example of the Czech Republic

The paper focuses on the development of a thermal protection and energy requirements in relation to the issue of prefab residential housing buildings and prefab housing estates while emphasizing the need for a conceptual approach and environmental considerations. The development is recapitulated with examples of compositional sets of prefab residential housing on selected sites in the Czech Republic. Based on the comparison of archival documents and results of a long-term observation of the prefab residential housing resources, it outlines the direction of further expected development of prefab housing estates within a social context. The comparison also takes into account the impact of the European Union energy strategy and the implementation of directives into the legal rules and standards of the member states. The aim of the paper is to show the negatives and positives of current political and social strategies in relation to the thermal protection of buildings, the energy management and healthy indoor environment, and that the renovation of prefab residential housing and prefab housing estates is effective with regard to the invested funds.

Seismic performance analysis of new frame columns in a story-adding frame structure

With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the old urban buildings in many cities are facing the problem of weakening function. There are broad prospects for floor-adding renovation and expansion of in-service houses. In this paper, based on the background of the actual project, the direct floor-adding scheme is adopted to design the existing buildings after the reliability evaluation. The key point of the floor-adding reconstruction and expansion is whether the new part can be reliably connected with the old structure. In view of this weak link, this paper makes a further study on the seismic performance of new frame column members with different anchorage depth, which provides a certain guiding significance for the design and construction of story-adding reconstruction and expansion.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM BEDAH RUMAH DI DINAS PERUMAHAN, PERMUKIMAN DAN PERTANAHAN KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR

This study aims to determine the implementation of housing renovation program policies at the Housing, Settlement and Land Service of Polewali Mandar Regency. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the house renovation program in Polewali Mandar Regency was implemented through the standards and objectives of the Home Improvement Program referring to the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing regarding self-help housing stimulant assistance in 2016 and Regent Regulation number 438 of 2016. The implementation of the Home Improvement Program Policy goes well. It is still necessary to increase the distribution of assistance in each district.

The Convertibility Forecast Model of Space Structure in Architecture Programming——Collective Housing in Taiwan for example

House refurbishment related to the convertibility of space organizations is nowadays a common phenomenon in Taiwan, reflecting user demands for the diversity of unit plane and space expansion in quantity, and forming an important research topic over the implementation of sustainable development concept in living environment. In this paper, apartment mansion-type amalgamated dwellings were quantitatively analyzed and investigated, and four models, which were dimension combinations of influence factors, were compared through the field survey and logistic regression model (binary regression method). The results showed that the variables in Model IV consisted of three dimensions—space organization, building entity and spatial planning, with the optimal prediction rate (74.5%), so it was regarded as a convertibility prediction model of space organization; the significance and goodness of fit of each model were analyzed by comparing each variable coefficient with the expected symbol, and next, the concrete meaning of each influence factor belonging to each dimension of each model was indicated by means of coefficient correction, which could further predict the convertibility of space organizations, accurately obtain the factors influencing the convertibility prediction, and improve the prediction accuracy. This research, which conforms to the concept of sustainable environmental development, will contribute to construction project planning and design of residential buildings.

Residential energy use and energy-saving of older adults: A case from Japan, the fastest-aging country

Considering the increased aging population, and the effects of climate change, we examined the energy conservation measures of older adults in Japan, one of the fastest-aging countries in the world, to determine a balance between aging, and low-carbon societies. Although the relationship between aging and energy demands has been previously researched, few studies have identified effective intervention methods for reducing energy consumption in aging societies. We identified the characteristics of older adults’ energy consumption, using national statistical surveys and home visit interviews to investigate the context leading to their consumption. The results revealed that older households tend to possess older or larger houses, older housing equipment, and more home appliances. Further, older adults tend to remain in their houses for longer periods, and are less likely to alter their status quo. The results suggest that, the individuals who convey the message might have a greater impact on reducing older adults’ energy consumption than the energy consumption information conveyed. Additionally, behavior changes such as housing renovation or relocation should be promoted among early-stage older adults before their cognitive and physical abilities decline.

Low Energy Renovation of Social Housing: Recommendations on Monitoring and Renewable Energies Use

Social housing represents a part of the whole building stock with a high risk of energy poverty, and it should be treated as a priority in renovation strategies, due to its potential for improvement and the need to fight that risk. Renovation actions are currently designed based on patterns that have been shown to be disparate from the reality of social housing. Thereby, a monitoring study is essential for the evaluation of the actual conditions. An in-depth characterization of a social housing neighborhood, located in the North of Portugal, was carried out. Indoor hygrothermal conditions were analyzed through a monitoring campaign. It was possible to identify the differences in indoor conditions of the dwellings and understand the influence of occupancy density and occupants’ behavior. In order to identify the actual occupancy and the type of use, a social survey was performed. A renovation action will soon take place, and a monitoring and survey plan is proposed for the post-renovation period, based on a previous evaluation of the renovation impact, using DesignBuilder software and the real occupancy profiles. In social housing context, since energy consumption for heating and cooling is punctual or non-existent, the focus of low energy renovation should be based on passive strategies that reduce the energy demand. The remaining energy needs should be supplied by renewable energy sources, reducing energy poverty, and enhancing quality of life.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN MODERNIZATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF TYPICAL POSTWAR HOUSING

The article presents the results of review and analysis of literature sources on the reconstruction and modernization of typical housing in the postwar period in Europe (Germany, France, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia) and Russia. The main issues of its implementation are considered: energy efficiency, organizational and economic, architectural and planning. The organization of reconstruction and modernization of housing at the state level is described in detail, application of modern technologies during its implementation, as well as examples of implemented projects.
 After the Second World War in many countries of the world and especially in the countries of the socialist camp there was a massive panel and brick housing construction on typical projects of the first generation with the use of industrial structures. In the early 70's it became clear that such buildings are obsolete, lost social attractiveness, and most importantly, efficiency. Analysis of the state of old buildings and the use of a multifaceted approach to the renovation and reconstruction of obsolete housing has led to the realization that the renovation of such buildings is more economical than new buildings in vacated areas and they are available to middle-income people. Foreign experience in the modernization and reconstruction of post-war housing convincingly proves this.
 It should be noted that each European country finds its own ways to address organizational, technological and economic issues related to the reconstruction and modernization of residential buildings.
 Based on the fact that the first post-war buildings on standard projects, as a rule, were carried out in whole arrays, their reconstruction should be based not only on residential buildings but also on the residential district or neighborhood as a whole. During the reconstruction of buildings should be considered traditional or historical features of the surrounding parts of the city. Particular attention should be paid to improving transport conditions, as the number of individual transport is constantly growing. Also important are the issues of insolation and aeration, which, together with the appropriate level of landscaping, significantly affect the microclimate of residential buildings. In addition, open buildings are deprived of the individuality of the yard space, so the reconstruction of the neighborhood should be based on the principles of closed or semi-closed buildings. This can be achieved by adding or constructing additional volumes that connect individual buildings. This achieves both economic and functional efficiency of space use.

Study on Optimization of Rural Housing Energy-saving Reconstruction Strategy in Severe Cold Area

Unreasonable design of the outer envelope structure of rural houses in severe cold areas leads to high heat consumption index, poor indoor comfort and increased heating cost in winter. In order to solve this problem, this paper takes a rural house in Heilongjiang as an example, establishes a three-dimensional model using BIM technology, calculates the heat consumption of existing maintenance structures, and proposes an energy-saving renovation scheme. The energy-saving percentage is obtained by numerical calculation before and after the energy-saving renovation of the rural houses using building energy consumption simulation software DeST, and the investment cost of the energy-saving renovation scheme is given through economic and technical analysis. The energy consumption of the reconstructed building is reduced, the indoor comfort is improved, and the people’s happiness is enhanced.

A Simulation Study of Duration-Budget Trade-Off in Home Renovation Project Management

This paper simulated home renovation project management with 15 work items to complete. All work items are depicted in a network diagram to help the project planner manage the house renovation project. CPM/PERT helps the project planner to determine the duration of work and the costs involved. CPM/PERT shows the period needed based on the critical path obtained is 40 days, with a cost requirement of IDR 89,750,000. The project crashing technique shortened the project’s duration to 25 days, with an estimated total cost of IDR 112,100,000. The cost calculations for CPM/PERT and project crashing use the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method. This paper examines how to shortened duration impact the overall budget. Both the client and contractor can get an idea of how to complete the house renovation project and the cost requirements that accompany it.

Principles of the integrated development of Moscow City underground space

Moscow is the most dynamically developing metropolis in the Russian Federation. This is a city with almost a thousand-year history, where about 12.65 million people live on an area of 2.5 thousand km2. The economic efficiency of the underground space utilization is characterized by the ratio of the area of the underground part of the structure to its total area. Said ratio on average is less than 8% for the city of Moscow. From 2011 to 2019, 50 new metro stations and about 82 km of new metro lines were built in Moscow. By the end of 2027, it is planned to build 329 km of new lines and 151 stations. The housing renovation program provides for the renovation of 5175 residential buildings with maximum utilization of the underground space to ensure a comfortable living for people. The report considers the basic principles, goals and objectives of the integrated development of the underground space of Moscow, indicated in the Code “High rise buildings and complexes. Regulation of urban planning”. A review of accumulated experience in the construction and operation of residential areas of Moscow, built on the autonomous principle of “city in city”. Methods for ensuring the integrity and technological safety of existing buildings with integrated development of the underground space are considered.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Bedah Rumah Menggunakan Metode Weighted Product Pada Kecamatan Borbor

In rural areas there are still many residents 'houses that are unfit for habitation and this is due to the factor of the standard of living of people who are still living simply and have below average income, these conditions make many residents' houses unfit for habitation that need to be repaired through assistance Home renovation. The Weighted Product method can help in making decisions, but the calculation using the Weighted Product method only produces the largest value which will be selected as the best alternative. The design of decision-making for housing renovation assistance recipients at the Housing and Settlement Areas is based on criteria, namely Indonesian citizens, below average income, belonging to a family, owning or controlling land, not having a house or owning and living in an uninhabitable house using the Weighted Product method. Application design using the programming language PHP and MySQL