Renewed Perspective Research Articles

Cultura digital e hibridização nos espaços de leitura na contemporaneidade

This article presents the intentionto explore the metamorphoses that permeate the realm of contemporary culture in relation to reading spaces. Through this research, the aim is to discuss digital culture, examining the impact of the incorporation of technological devices that resonate within sociocultural contexts. To achieve this goal, the research discussesinterconnection and hybridization, which propose a broader understanding of ongoing transformations. The methodological approach adopted in this study is qualitative and exploratory innature, relying on bibliographic research for its procedures. From this ground, a broader comprehension emerges, as contemporary digital epistemologies foster technological integration into society, engendering renewed perspectives on literacy. This technological incursion intervenes in established modes of reading and creates a conducive scenario for formulating new outlooks, triggering the reconfiguration of processes, methods, functions, and the scope of spaces designated for reading.

MELINDUNGI ANAK KORBAN BULLYING DI SEKOLAH (SUATU KAJIAN PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA)

Various cases of children who are victims of bullying continue to occur, especially in schools. Children who are victims of bullying suffer psychological harm that causes prolonged trauma and even threatens their lives. Therefore it is important to examine the protection of children who are victims of bullying in schools with a victimological perspective as an effort to reform criminal law. The purpose of this research is to protect children who are victims of bullying by formulating it in legal regulations as a renewal of criminal law. The research method used a normative juridical approach, secondary data sources and literature study data collection techniques. The data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study indicate that future criminal law formulations to tackle bullying in schools in the perspective of criminal law renewal are to make special and specific rules related to the crime of bullying both physically and psychologically towards children at school. The stages that can be carried out to be able to overcome bullying cases in the future are First, the formulative policy stage or the legislative policy stage, namely the stage of preparing/formulating criminal law. The second stage, the application policy stage or the judicial/applicative policy stage, is the stage of applying criminal law. And the third stage, the execution policy stage or the executive policy stage, namely the implementation/execution stage of criminal law.Keywords : Legal Protection, Bullying Victims, and Criminal Law Renewal.

Back to Sex als "beyond binary". Kulturwissenschaftliche Überlegungen zur Relevanz des Biologischen

Current biological research shows that sex is by no means as unambiguous and binary as previously assumed. Against the backdrop of contemporary debates in biological sciences about a gender difference "beyond binary" and in light of deconstructivist and posthumanist materialist concepts, this article unfolds a renewed perspective on feminist epistemologies of gender, nature, and the body. The focus is on whether and how biology can be a site from which to think difference beyond binarity. The paper is intended as a plea for increased consideration of biological theories of bodily difference in cultural studies. Given existing attempts to cement the two-gender order in public discourse, it seems all even more urgent to make empirical-revised research in the biological sciences visible and to challenge binary thinking not against but with biology.

LncRNA HOTTIP promotes inflammatory response in acute gouty arthritis via miR-101-3p/BRD4 axis.

Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is characterized by the accumulation of pro-inflammatory factors. This research aimed to examine the regulation of long non-coding RNA HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA (HOTTIP) in AGA on inflammation and its potential mechanisms. Serum levels of HOTTIP in AGA patients were examined by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The receiver operating characteristic curve was performed in the diagnosis of AGA patients. Monosodium urate (MSU) stimulation of THP-1-derived macrophages was used to establish an in vitro AGA model. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out to assess the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pearson correlation was applied to examine the correlation. RNA immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay were employed to identify the targeting relationship between miR-101-3p and HOTTIP or bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4). HOTTIP and BRD4 were statistically overexpressed in AGA patients compared with controls, while miR-101-3p was reduced (P < 0.05). Serum HOTTIP can significantly distinguish AGA patients from healthy controls. HOTTIP bound with miR-101-3p then augmented BRD4 via a competing endogenous RNA mechanism. Additionally, HOTTIP levels were elevated in a dose-dependent manner by MSU (P < 0.05). Weakened HOTTIP significantly inhibited MSU-induced release of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and transforming growth factor-α in macrophages (P < 0.05), but this inhibition was reversed by silencing miR-101-3p (P < 0.05). In short, HOTTIP contributes to inflammation via miR-101-3p/BRD4 axis, and serves as a new diagnostic biomarker. This study offers a renewed perspective on the diagnosis and treatment of AGA.

Expression, tumor immune infiltration, and prognostic impact of HMGs in gastric cancer.

In the past decade, considerable research efforts on gastric cancer (GC) have been expended, however, little advancement has been made owing to the lack of effective biomarkers and treatment options. Herein, we aimed to examine the levels of expression, mutations, and clinical relevance of HMGs in GC to provide sufficient scientific evidence for clinical decision-making and risk management. GC samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) XENA, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, STRING, LinkedOmics, and DAVID databases were employed. The "ggplot2" package in the R software (×64 3.6.3) was used to thoroughly analyze the effects of HMGs. qRT-PCR was performed to assess HMG levels in GC cell lines. A total of 375 GC tissues and 32 paraneoplastic tissues were analyzed. The levels of HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1, HMGB2, HMGB3, HMGN1, HMGN2, and HMGN4 expression were increased in GC tissues relative to normal gastric tissues. HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1, HMGB2, and HMGB3 were highly expressed in GC cell lines. The OS was significantly different in the group showing low expressions of HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1, HMGB2, HMGB3, HMGN2, HMGN3, and HMGN5. There was a significant difference in RFS between the groups with low HMGA2, HMGB3, and high HMGN2 expression. The levels of HMGA2, HMGB3, and HMGN1 had a higher accuracy for prediction to distinguish GC from normal tissues (AUC value > 0.9). HMGs were tightly associated with immune infiltration and tumor immune escape and antitumor immunity most likely participates in HMG-mediated oncogenesis in GC. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that HMGs played a vital role in the cell cycle pathway. Our results strongly suggest a vital role of HMGs in GC. HMGA2 and HMGB3 could be potential markers for prognostic prediction and treatment targets for GC by interrupting the cell cycle pathway. Our findings might provide renewed perspectives for the selection of prognostic biomarkers among HMGs in GC and may contribute to the determination of the optimal strategy for the treatment of these patients.

Supporting students in practice part 2: role of the training practice team

The clinical learning environment is a complex sociocultural landscape that can be challenging to manage to support the appropriate professional development of student veterinary nurses (SVNs). The clinical supervisor is appointed to support student training in veterinary practice and is the student's first point of contact in the clinical setting. Research has shown that the wider practice team can also have a significant impact on the student experience, creating a positive or negative atmosphere for learning. It is vital that the whole team contributes to student support to create opportunities for growth and development. Being approachable and friendly, and inviting discussions, are some of the ways this can be accomplished. The presence of students in practice will also bring multiple benefits to the practice team, including a renewed perspective to problem solving and the latest evidence-based practice.

Unravelling the roles of Autophagy in OSCC: A renewed perspective from mechanisms to potential applications.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with a low survival rate and a high disability rate, making it a serious health burden, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Therefore, improvements in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of OSCC are highly warranted. Autophagy has a significant impact on cancer development. Studies on autophagy in various human cancers have made outstanding contributions; however, the relationship between autophagy and OSCC remains to be explored. This review highlights the roles of autophagy in OSCC and discusses the relationship between autophagy and Epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Considering the lack of OSCC biomarkers, we focus on the studies involving OSCC-related bioinformatics analysis and molecular targets. Based on some classical targets, we summarize several key autophagy-related biomarkers with a considerable potential for clinical application, which may become the hotspot of OSCC research. In conclusion, we elaborate on the interrelationship between autophagy and OSCC and highlight the shortcomings of current studies to provide insights into the potential clinical strategies.

Humanity Values on Reconciliation in Criminal Law: Indonesian Criminal Law Renewal Perspective

The aim of the paper is to explain humanitarian values on reconciliation of criminal law in the reform of the Penal Code. Reconciliation is a tool to accomplish a problem or law cases that occur in the private and public fields. Currently, reconciliation has been often used to resolve criminal cases, because this solution is more oriented toward human values. The research is library studies, so secondary data (journals, legal documents, and literature) is the main data. The result of the research shows that there are two approaches to discussing human values of reconciliation. Firstly, the values approach shows that reconciliation as consensus - discussion is an admission of guilt in the form of apology, which is containing equality values, rationality, frankness, righteousness, and transparency. Secondly, the policy approach indicates that consensus – the discussion has flexible value and is proportional.

Libraries and value propositions: Worth the investment?

What is a library worth? This question has implications for all libraries and the clientele they serve, especially in times of economic uncertainty when libraries often have to justify their existence and demonstrate their worth. One method of assessing this worth is through value propositions, which have been primarily associated with the business sector, wherein an exploratory process is used to discover what customers need from an organization. This article will show how libraries can utilize value proposition strategies to think differently about how their resources and services create value for their respective patron segments. This renewed perspective may encourage librarians to reimagine their purpose, reorganize their focus, and redefine their worth.

Trans-Subjectivities: The Analyst's Attempts to Classify and Their Effects on Countertransference.

The author focuses on trans-identities within the broader field of trans-subjectivities while arguing that subjectivity should be considered within the conceptual framework of a heterogeneous and plural subject. The analyst's eagerness to classify gender and sex or typify pathology in a Manichean manner is an inevitable consequence of binary thought. This provokes undesired countertransference effects and creates obstacles to listening in the analytic session. The following contribution reexamines several notions to offer a renewed perspective on the concept of the subject, the Oedipus complex, the desire for a child, the categories of difference and diversity, and the blind spots of binary logic, among others. This reconsideration may in turn elucidate our comprehension of gender and sexual diversities. In this context, the author stresses the need to approach trans-identities and trans-subjectivities with a nonbinary logic based on a rhizomatous way of thinking.

Comparison of Summer Outdoor Thermal Environment Optimization Strategies in Different Residential Districts in Xi’an, China

Residential districts account for the most common type of urban land coverage. Massive developments with high density have a huge impact on the urban climate. In this study, we explored the thermal environment optimization strategies of residential districts with different development intensities (plot ratios) from the perspective of urban renewal and residential district design in Xi’an, China. We selected residential districts with low, medium, and high plot ratios in Xi’an City for field measurements and environmental simulation according to five proposed optimization strategies. By comparing the air temperature, mean radiant temperature, and physiological equivalent temperature at the pedestrian height, 1.5 m from the ground, we explored the thermal environment optimization texture of each strategy. The results showed that the same strategy introduced different effects in different residential districts. Increasing the road reflectivity had the best effect on residential districts that had a low plot ratio, whereas planting trees was the best effect in districts with medium and high plot ratios. Planting lawns had a better effect in districts with high plot ratios. The findings of this study provide suggestions for the optimization and reconstruction of residential districts and contribute to future residential district development and design.

DIGITAL MANAGEMENT AS THE BASIS OF INNOVATIVE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

The article proposes approaches to the definition of «digital management» based on the system of scientific knowledge, the priority of which in various respects is, above all, methodology. A system of methodological knowledge on digital management in the form of an extended model is proposed, which creates a single chain that begins with the consideration of methodological approaches and covers resources, innovation parameters and helps assess the innovative development of business in the digital economy. It is established that the task of reorganization or change of the control algorithm and mechanisms of influence in the perspective of technological renewal, collaborative development and personnel modification is relevant for the sphere of management. The article proves that decision-making on digital business development should be based on substantiation and determination of fundamental parameters of transformation, which is a source of value and impetus for creating a new competitive stability of business. It is proposed to supplement the features of digitalization of methodological approaches to the management system of the organization in the digital economy, which is important for maintaining medium-term efficiency and the formation of innovative organizations that encourage creative destruction. The aim of the article is to expand the scope of traditional research and focus the scientific community on the modern paradigm of digital management, develop a structural model of digital business transformation and define the concept of digitalization of the entity with the possibility of forming a universal development strategy that meets the realities economy, which is also an integral part of business relations. The results of the study can be used to create new business models in the digital economy that use technology to bring people, organizations and resources together into an interactive ecosystem that creates a certain amount of value for its users.

Renewed perspectives on the sedentary-pelagic last common bilaterian ancestor

Abstract Various evaluations of the last common bilaterian ancestor (lcba) currently suggest that it resembled either a microscopic, non-segmented motile adult; or, on the contrary, a complex segmented adult motile urbilaterian. These fundamental inconsistencies remain largely unexplained. A majority of multidisciplinary data regarding sedentary adult ancestral bilaterian organization is overlooked. The sedentary-pelagic model is supported now by a number of novel developmental, paleontological and molecular phylogenetic data: (1) data in support of sedentary sponges, in the adult stage, as sister to all other Metazoa; (2) a similarity of molecular developmental pathways in both adults and larvae across sedentary sponges, cnidarians, and bilaterians; (3) a cnidarian-bilaterian relationship, including a unique sharing of a bona fide Hox-gene cluster, of which the evolutionary appearance does not connect directly to a bilaterian motile organization; (4) the presence of sedentary and tube-dwelling representatives of the main bilaterian clades in the early Cambrian; (5) an absence of definite taxonomic attribution of Ediacaran taxa reconstructed as motile to any true bilaterian phyla; (6) a similarity of tube morphology (and the clear presence of a protoconch-like apical structure of the Ediacaran sedentary Cloudinidae) among shells of the early Cambrian, and later true bilaterians, such as semi-sedentary hyoliths and motile molluscs; (7) recent data that provide growing evidence for a complex urbilaterian, despite a continuous molecular phylogenetic controversy. The present review compares the main existing models and reconciles the sedentary model of an urbilaterian and the model of a larva-like lcba with a unified sedentary(adult)-pelagic(larva) model of the lcba.

Use of hyperspectral sounders to retrieve daytime sea-surface temperature from mid-infrared radiances: Application to IASI

We propose a physically-based methodology for sea-surface skin-temperature (SST) retrievals from daytime spectra recorded by the hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). The approach, which takes sun light into account, minimizes the differences between measured and computed radiances at numerous points within two windows centered near 3.7 and 4.0 μm. We demonstrate that, even when the solar contribution is large, with brightness temperatures increased by several tens of kelvin at the shortest wavelengths, very consistent SSTs are retrieved in both windows. Furthermore, the values obtained are, after correction for the cool-skin effect, in excellent agreement (<0.05 K on average) with the in-situ measurements of the depth temperature provided by nearby drifters. This opens renewed perspectives for daytime SST determinations from space, since the IASI mid-infrared windows used here provide SSTs that are, with respect to those retrieved around 9 and 11 μm, much less sensitive to errors in the computed radiative contribution of water vapor.

Mitochondrial stress responses in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: metabolic dysfunction or adaptive reprogramming?

Mitochondrial stress may be a secondary contributor to muscle weakness in inherited muscular dystrophies. Duchenne muscular dystrophy has received the majority of attention, whereby most discoveries suggest mitochondrial ATP synthesis may be reduced. However, not all studies support this finding. Furthermore, some studies have reported increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and propensity for permeability transition pore formation as an inducer of apoptosis, although divergent findings have also been described. A closer examination of the literature suggests the degree and direction of mitochondrial stress responses may depend on the progression of the disease, the muscle type examined, the mouse model used with regard to preclinical research, the precise metabolic pathways in consideration, and in some cases, the in vitro technique used to assess a given mitochondrial bioenergetic function. One intent of this review is to provide careful considerations for future experimental designs to resolve the heterogeneous nature of mitochondrial stress during the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Such considerations have implications for other muscular dystrophies as well which are addressed briefly herein. A renewed perspective of the term "mitochondrial dysfunction" is presented whereby stress responses might be re-explored in future investigations as direct contributors to myopathy versus an adaptive "reprogramming" intended to maintain homeostasis in the face of disease stressors themselves. In so doing, the prospective development of mitochondrial enhancement therapies can be driven by advances in perspectives as much as experimental approaches when resolving the precise relationships between mitochondrial remodeling and muscle weakness in Duchenne and, indeed, other muscular dystrophies.

Hidden signatures of early fire at Evron Quarry (1.0 to 0.8 Mya)

Pyrotechnology is a key element of hominin evolution. The identification of fire in early hominin sites relies primarily on an initial visual assessment of artifacts' physical alterations, resulting in potential underestimation of the prevalence of fire in the archaeological record. Here, we used a suite of spectroscopic techniques to counter the absence of visual signatures for fire and demonstrate the presence of burnt fauna and lithics at the Lower Paleolithic (LP) open-air site of Evron Quarry (Israel), dated between 1.0 and 0.8 Mya and roughly contemporaneous to Gesher Benot Ya'aqov where early pyrotechnology has been documented. We propose reexamining finds from other LP sites lacking visual clues of pyrotechnology to yield a renewed perspective on the origin, evolution, and spatiotemporal dispersal of the relationship between early hominin behavior and fire use.

In Honorem Ion Ghinoiu, Vârstele timpului, vârstele omului. Profesorul Ion Ghinoiu în slujba etnologiei

In Honorem Ion Ghinoiu, Vârstele timpului, vârstele omului. Profesorul Ion Ghinoiu în slujba etnologiei

Moving beyond ideological problem-solving paradigms in higher education governance studies: Toward a renewed perspective

Abstract New Public Management (NPM)-inspired higher education (HE) governance has become increasingly topical in recent years. However, while existing research provides an overall understanding of relevant changes, it does not offer a complete analysis of complex governance and falls prey to deterministic and relatively narrow ideological impositions. Scholars are overwhelmingly oriented toward governance models or modes and the ideas of efficiency, effectiveness, and competition in NPM. They either promote these aspects as an approach to organizing HE governance or criticize them in addition to evaluating or comparing their outcomes. Therefore, based on a literature review and drawing on Foucauldian ideas of political rationality, this paper proposes a shift from the ideology-based problem-solving paradigm to a renewed approach. By calling for an increased focus on bottom–up initiatives that stem from below while studying NPM-inspired HE governance, this paper recommends conducting a discourse analysis of technical policy papers together with empirical-analytical studies to identify interpretive political rationalities and histories. Overall, the approach proposed in this paper would limit the deterministic mode of policy analysis and lead to more refined ways of understanding HE governance in certain fields, clarifying problematic situations, and effectively estimating future directions.

Methods and applications of full-field optical coherence tomography: a review.

Significance: Full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) enables en face views of scattering samples at a given depth with subcellular resolution, similar to biopsy without the need of sample slicing or other complex preparation. This noninvasive, high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) imaging method has the potential to become a powerful tool in biomedical research, clinical applications, and other microscopic detection.Aim: Our review provides an overview of the disruptive innovations and key technologies to further improve FF-OCT performance, promoting FF-OCT technology in biomedical and other application scenarios.Approach: A comprehensive review of state-of-the-art accomplishments in OCT has been performed. Methods to improve performance of FF-OCT systems are reviewed, including advanced phase-shift approaches for imaging speed improvement, methods of denoising, artifact reduction, and aberration correction for imaging quality optimization, innovations for imaging flux expansion (field-of-view enlargement and imaging-depth-limit extension), new implementations for multimodality systems, and deep learning enhanced FF-OCT for information mining, etc. Finally, we summarize the application status and prospects of FF-OCT in the fields of biomedicine, materials science, security, and identification.Results: The most worth-expecting FF-OCT innovations include combining the technique of spatial modulation of optical field and computational optical imaging technology to obtain greater penetration depth, as well as exploiting endogenous contrast for functional imaging, e.g., dynamic FF-OCT, which enables noninvasive visualization of tissue dynamic properties or intracellular motility. Different dynamic imaging algorithms are compared using the same OCT data of the colorectal cancer organoid, which helps to understand the disadvantages and advantages of each. In addition, deep learning enhanced FF-OCT provides more valuable characteristic information, which is of great significance for auxiliary diagnosis and organoid detection.Conclusions: FF-OCT has not been completely exploited and has substantial growth potential. By elaborating the key technologies, performance optimization methods, and application status of FF-OCT, we expect to accelerate the development of FF-OCT in both academic and industry fields. This renewed perspective on FF-OCT may also serve as a road map for future development of invasive 3D super-resolution imaging techniques to solve the problems of microscopic visualization detection.

Data-driven and validated dimensional analysis for rational scale-up of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell system for water-energy nexus exploitation

Mathematical modelling of microbial fuel cells (MFC) facilitates their scale-up by maintaining dimensionless parameters across reactor volumes for consistent performance. This study developed data-driven correlations to predict areal power density for a batch-fed dual-chamber MFC using hybridised first-principle mechanistic model and Buckingham’s Pi theorem. The established correlations were validated using experimentally-derived data for pre-enriched electroactive biofilm from mixed cultures. The biochemical model parameters are infilled with stoichiometric and thermodynamics estimations. Results showed that the correlations using logistic kinetics (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency, NSE = 0.59) outperformed Monod kinetics (NSE = 0.52) as the latter was not suitable for representing the first-order biochemical kinetics under limited substrate conditions. Sensitivity analysis on varying pH and bicarbonate concentration improved model predictions by ± 50%, though relative absolute error was ± 20% due to inherent error of estimated biochemical parameters. The application of hybridised approach for modelling MFC provides renewed perspectives for their rational design and scale-up applications.