Renal Hydatid Cyst Research Articles

Isolated renal hydatid cyst

Isolated renal hydatid cyst

Percutaneous nephroscopic management of an isolated giant renal hydatid cyst guided by single‐incision laparoscopy using conventional instruments: The Santosh‐PGI technique

Isolated renal hydatid rarely presents, but when it does occur, it requires surgical treatment. We report our experience with a novel technique involving percutaneous management of a giant renal hydatid cyst with single-incision laparoscopic assistance. First we performed retrograde ureteropyelogram, which did not show any communication between the cyst and the calyceal. A Veress needle was used for pneumoperitoneum. Three conventional laparoscopic trocars used. Under laparoscopic guidance, we punctured the cyst. The scolicidal solution used was 10% povidone-iodine. The endocyst was removed under vision with grasping forceps through the nephroscope. A Portex drain was placed into the cyst cavity. Percutaneous aspiration and instillation of scolicidal agents followed by re-aspiration have been previously reported. This is an attractive procedure because of its acceptable success rates and reduced morbidity. In our case, simple aspiration of the cyst would not have been successful because the cyst was full of daughter cysts. Also, a blind percutaneous puncture of the cyst and dilatation could have perforated the colon or the mesocolon, which is often wrapped over the surface of such giant cysts thereby making laparoscopic guidance and mobilization of the colon imperative. We devised this unique treatment method for this patient involving three conventional ports at a single umbilical site. We believe this is the first reported case of its kind in the world. Not only this technique is minimally invasive, it is also cost-effective, as only conventional laparoscopic ports and instruments are used during the procedure.

A rare case of primary renal hydatid cyst presenting with hydatiduria

Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus involves liver in 75% of cases and lung in 15% of cases. But primary renal involvement without liver and lung involvement is a very rare event. Among these patients of renal hydatidosis, hydatiduria is seen only in 10-20% cases, which is considered to be pathognomonic. We report a case of echinococcosis, primarily involving the right kidney, presenting with clinical history of hydatiduria.

Recurrent pancreatic fistula occurring after nephrectomy in patients with a renal hydatid cyst: a case report.

Pancreatic fistula (PF) is an important complication that may develop during intra-abdominal surgeries and following distal pancreas trauma. In the early period, drainage from the surgical site and increased amylase production based on the biochemical examination of the drainage fluid are the factors for diagnosis. In contrast, in association with fluid collected from the surgical site, intra-abdominal abscess and high fever may lead to the diagnosis in the late period. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for the treatment of intra-abdominal fluid collection after PF and intra-abdominal percutaneous stent placement as well as the placement of a pancreatic stent in the pancreatic channel may be alternative methods to stop drainage. However, the complete resolution of fluid drainage may take months. In our case, drainage from the pancreatic fistula area took longer to resolve than the periods previously reported in the English literature. The tail of the pancreas can be injured during the extraction of especially aggressive and metastatic masses from organs near to the distal pancreas. Injury to the tail of the pancreas can also occur during the extraction of benign-like renal hydatid cysts and/or malignant left kidney masses. However, PF can be treated with noninvasive methods, such as percutaneous treatment and ERCP.

Reply to the comments of Sokouti et al.: Genitourinary hydatid disease

At the outset, we appreciate the group of eminent practitioners who have read our article with interest. Regarding the queries raised, we would like to stress on the fact that we have mentioned both in introduction and beginning of the discussion that renal Echinococcosis is primarily caused by the larval form. Secondary or primary involvement of kidney is through hematogenous spread or through portal system into the liver and retroperitoneal lymphatics by a hydatid embryo (oncosphere) and not by the cyst perse. Hence, the sentence, ‘‘cysts pass through the portal system into the liver and retroperitoneal lymphatics to reach the kidneys’’ has been overlooked by us as the author of the reference (2) cited by us [Bhandarwar AH, Tayade MB, Makki K, Mhaske S (2009) Primary renal hydatid cyst. Bombay Hosp J 51(3):401–104] has wrongly quoted which we came to know when we retrieved their cross-reference for this point. We apologize for the same, and we agree that the authors of letter to editor have brought this point to our notice. We thank you for giving us the opportunity to review the letter to editor, and we request for the correction.

Unilateral primitive hydatid cyst with surgical resection of the scrotum: a case report

IntroductionHydatid disease remains a public health problem in many Mediterranean countries. Liver and lung localizations are the most common. Renal hydatid cysts represent 2 percent to 4 percent of the visceral forms of this disease. To the best of our knowledge a scrotal location has only previously been described in five papers in the literature, all being secondary localizations. In this paper, we report a case of a primitive scrotal hydatid cyst.Case presentationA Moroccan man aged 29 years old presented to our facility with scrotal pain. A clinical examination identified a painless scrotal mass. The results of a scrotal ultrasound showed intra-scrotal cystic formations with different sizes associated with scrotal effusion of average abundance. Chest cavity and abdominal computed tomography scans did not reveal any other localizations. Our patient benefited from surgical protruding dome resection. A partial cysto-pericystectomy was realized. The first stage consisted of injecting a scolicide solution; hydrogen peroxide is the most commonly used agent. This is injected into the cystic cavity and retained for 10 minutes. This process allows for sterilization of the cyst while avoiding the risk of rupture and transmission of the hydatid liquid into the circulation. After 10 minutes, the cystic contents are removed by suction. The cyst is then opened, and the endocyst containing the hydatid membrane and daughter vesicles are removed. It is of note that our patient did not receive any additional medical treatment. Our diagnosis was made using an imaging approach and was confirmed during surgery.ConclusionsUltrasound is often the key diagnostic approach for cases of a scrotal hydatid cyst. Treatment is primarily surgical, aiming for resection of the protruding dome via a longitudinal scrotectomy.

Simultaneous Right Retroperitoneal Schwannoma and Left Renal Hydatid Cyst

Retroperitoneal schwannomas are quite rare tumors. Isolated renal hydatid cyst is also rare, and it forms 2–4% of hydatid disease. Because of their infrequent occurrence, nonspecific signs and symptoms, and lack of distinguishing radiologic features, we report herein a case of right retroperitoneal mass in a 26-year-old woman which was found to be benign schwannoma following a percutaneous core needle biopsy and a large cortical cyst in the lower pole of the left kidney which was diagnosed as isolated renal hydatid cyst following exploration.

Kyste hydatique du rein : aspects radiologiques et thérapeutiques

Hydatid disease is endemic in some Mediterranean countries. Kidney is a relatively rare site, representing 2to 3% of all visceral sites. The diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the kidney is suspected in epidemiological, clinical, radiological and biological arguments. It remains clinically silent for a long time and only presents at the stage of complications. Ultrasound can suspect the hydatid nature of the lesion in 50% of cases. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in the event of problem of differential diagnosis. The standard treatment for renal hydatid cyst is resection of the prominent dome and nephrectomy is indicated in cases of destroyed kidney.

Isolated Hydatid Cyst of the Kidney

A hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Kidney involvement represents 4% of all cases, and is rare compared to that in the liver or lung, even more as an isolated site of infection. We present a case report of a woman with septic status, cutaneous fistula and a renal cystic mass revealed to be a solitary hydatid cyst of the kidney. A 60-year-old woman was referred acutely by another hospital to our department because of septic fever, cutaneous lumbar fistula and a left kidney cystic mass of 10 x 8 cm. We suspected a renal abscess and the patient underwent immediate left nephrectomy. We performed an extraperitoneal nephrectomy with a lumbar access under the 12th rib with complete resection of the fistula. The histopathological examination revealed it to be a hydatid cyst involving 2/3 of the kidney. After surgery a medical therapy with albendazol was administrated for 6 months, and the patient did not have any other localization 24 months after surgery. An isolated renal hydatid cyst presenting as cutaneous fistula with a septic status is a very rare condition. A pre-surgical diagnosis is not always possible as in this case. The surgical therapy (nephron-sparing or radical) is the key of the success and a medical therapy after surgery is recommended to prevent other localizations of this parasitic disease.

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach for renal hydatid cyst in children. A technical report

Renal hydatid disease is a rare pathological condition in children. Hydatid cyst of the kidney corresponds to 2–4% of all hydatid disease cases. Minimally invasive techniques have been used in the treatment of renal hydatid cysts but surgical experience is limited. We report a 10-year-old patient with a left renal hydatid cyst treated using a retroperitoneal laparoscopic technique.

Combined Laparoscopic and Percutaneous Management of Calcified Renal Hydatid Cyst—A Novel Nephroscope- and Lithotripter-assisted Technique

To describe the novel technique of percutaneous nephroscope-assisted renal hydatid cyst evacuation and lithotripter-assisted division of the cyst wall for combined laparoscopic and percutaneous management. A calcified hydatid cyst of the kidney is a rare entity and needs special techniques for total laparoscopic management. A 45-year-old woman was treated successfully for a calcified renal hydatid cyst using the transperitoneal laparoscopic technique. A chlorhexidine gluconate and cetrimide mixture was used as the scolicidal solution to sterilize the cyst. The endocyst and daughter cysts were removed completely under vision, after placement of a single 26F nephroscope through a 10-mm port in the cyst, with grasper and lithotripter suction, using chlorhexidine-cetrimide mixture irrigation. Laparoscopic suction did not work well for the viscous contents. The calcified cyst wall did not yield to electrocautery or piecemeal fragmentation, until weakened by division and fragmentation using the pneumatic lithotripter. Partial cyst wall exicision/marsupialisation was complemented with omentoplasty. No intraoperative or early postoperative complications occurred. The patient recovered well with little pain and was discharged early. This technique, in which the principles of percutaneous nephrolithotomy were applied for a special problem, is the first of its type. Calcified renal hydatid cyst evacuation using the novel nephroscope-assisted retrieval of contents and lithotripter-assisted division of the calcified wall is a safe and feasible technique for total minimally invasive management.

Surgical management of renal hydatid cyst: a three-center review in diagnosis and management of renal hydatid cyst in Xinjiang

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis methods and surgical treatment of renal hydatid cyst. Methods Eighty-six cases of renal Echinococcosis were diagnosed and treated in the Urological Department of the First Affiliated Hospital,Xinjiang Medical University,the People's Hospital Of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the Friendship Hospital of Yili from Feb.1985 to Apr.2010 were reviewed and analyzed. Results Abdominal ultrasonography,CT scan and laboratory immunological tests of renal Echinococcosis showed positive diagnosis rates of 88％,81％ and 85％,respectively.Eighty-five cases were accepted for surgical intervention including; 39 endocystectomies,14 endocystectomies after needle aspiration,15 partial nephrectomies,five intact ectocystectomies and 12 nephrectomies.Fifty-three cases were followed-up from two to 15 years and recurrence was found in seven cases. Conclusions Abdominal ultrasonography,CT scan and immunological tests are the main methods in the diagnosis of renal Echinococcosis.Surgical management is still the most effective approach in the treatment of renal Echinococcosis.The surgical strategy depends on residual renal function,cyst size,numbers and position of the hydatid cyst.The intact ectocystectomy is the ideal treatment for renal hydatid cyst. Key words: Echinococcosis; Kidney; Surgical procedures, elective

English

Hydatid cyst disease is an important health problem in many countries, including Turkey. While it can impact any organ, it is most often found in the lung and liver. Renal involvement is relatively rare. A diagnosis of renal cystic hydatidosis was established with ultrasound and magnetic resonance in a 22 year old patient who was 25 weeks pregnant after she presented with severe right flank pain. Albendazol was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. She was closely followed during her pregnancy. At 38 weeks, she gave birth to a healthy baby via vaginal delivery. Following her delivery, the cyst was resected. Post-operatively, she completed an 8 week course of albendazol at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. 1 year later, the patient has done well with no complications. We presented this case to highlight the lack of consensus in regards to the treatment of renal hydatid cyst disease in pregnancy.   Key words: Renal, pregnancy, hydatid cyst disease.

Laparoscopic Management of Renal Hydatid Cyst

I submit herewith, a case report of a 55-year-old male farmer, who developed a large left renal lower pole hydatid cyst. He was successfully treated laparoscopically in April 2007, via the transperitoneal access. There were no intraoperative complications and over a 2.5 years follow-up period. He was essentially asymptomatic and disease free. To the best of my knowledge, this is only the fourth reported case of laparoscopic treatment of renal hydatid cyst

Isolated Renal Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Occurrence

Isolated Renal Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Occurrence

Primary Hydatid Cyst of the Kidney and Ureter with Hydatiduria in a Laboratory Worker: A Case Report

Hydatid disease is frequent in endemic regions and sheep farming areas. Most common localization of hydatid cyst occurs in liver followed by lungs. Renal hydatid cyst constitutes about 2–4% of all locations. We report a case of left renal hydatid from a laboratory technician admitted in a tertiary care hospital. There were few cases of renal hydatid disease reported in India among general population but to the best of our knowledge never reported from laboratory worker. The possibility of laboratory-acquired infection cannot be ruled out in this case due to lack of precautionary measures and containment facilities in resource-constrained setting.

Isolated Renal Hydatid Cyst: A Report of 2 Cases

Isolated Renal Hydatid Cyst: A Report of 2 Cases

Left renal hydatid cyst presenting as hematuria and macroscopic hydatiduria since last ten years

Renal hydatidosis represents only 2-3% of hydatid disease. It is endemic in parts of eastern Europe, middle East, south America, Australia, New Zealand, Alaska, and Canada. Cystic rupture into the collecting system causes hydaturia; isolated renal involvement is even rarer. Here we report a case of left renal hydatid cyst in a 40 year old man presenting as hematuria and macroscopic hydaturia since last ten years. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and recovered.

Total laparoscopic management of a large renal hydatid cyst by using hydatid trocar cannula system

Renal hydatidosis usually requires surgical treatment such as pericystectomy, marsupialization, or nephrectomy. In the era of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic treatment is preferred. Two main challenges in laparoscopy are to avoid the spillage of contents and to minimize incision for delivering the specimen. We herein discuss the use of a hydatid trocar cannula system (HTCS) to overcome these problems. A 46-year-old male patient having a large renal hydatid cyst (18×15 cm) was operated using HTCS. Three standard laparoscopic ports were placed and the HTCS was placed from the fourth port (18 mm). After aspiration of contents, the cyst was inspected using laparoscope and all contents were sucked. The operation time was 120 min and the total blood loss was around 100 ml. No intraoperative spillage was noted. The patient was orally allowed on Day 2 and discharged on Day 3. Oral albendazole therapy was continued 3 months after the operation. He remained symptom free and abdominal computed tomography did not reveal any recurrences during a follow-up of 2 years. Use of HTCS in renal hydatidosis not only prevents the spillage of hydatid fluid, but also assists in the complete evacuation of contents and allows intracystic visualization to check complete removal of scolices.

Pleural effusion due to intraoperative rupture of an infected renal cyst

Pleural effusion due to intraoperative rupture of an infected renal cyst