Removal Of Methyl Orange Research Articles

Synthesis and characterization of a polyurethane-polyaniline macroporous foam material for methyl orange removal in aqueous media

In this work, it is reported the development of a polyurethane/polyaniline (PU-PANI) material that can be used as an adsorbent for azo dyes from aqueous solutions. This material was synthetized by incorporating PANI into the surface of a macroporous PU foam by an in situ chemical polymerization method. The characterization results of the material with SEM and FTIR confirmed the presence of PANI deposited on the surface of the macroporous PU foam. The adsorption capacity of the PU-PANI material was evaluated by performing experiments in batch mode using methyl orange (MO) at different pHs, interaction time and initial concentration. The adsorbed amount of MO in the first minutes of interaction is high, reaching a 32.5% of removal from its total capacity in just 5 min. The adsorption process in the material stabilizes after 30 h of interaction and the adsorption kinetics follows the Elovich and the intraparticular diffusion models. The PU-PANI material possesses a maximum experimental adsorption capacity of 255 mg/g at pH 5.0, following a Sips isotherm. The adsorption and desorption capacity of the material was evaluated, showing that it can be reused up to 10 cycles without significantly decreasing in its removal capacity. The results obtained in this work are compared with literature, it can be said that the PU-PANI material is a promising material for azo dyes removal in aqueous media.

Investigation of Dye Removal Capability of Blast Furnace Slag in Wastewater Treatment

Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) is a by-product of the iron ore processing industry with potential to be used in different industrial applications. In this research, BFS was used to examine its ability for dye removal from wastewater. The efficiency of two types of BFS samples for removal of cationic methylene blue (MB) and acidic methyl orange (MO) dyes was investigated and results found that the optimal conditions for treatment of wastewater were 80 g/L of adsorbent dose and 1 h of treatment time for both dyes. BFS was found to be more effective for removal of the acidic MO dye than the cationic MB dye. Under shorter residence times, the results showed reverse trends with BFS samples removing higher concentrations of MB than MO. The BFS chemistry had additional impacts on the efficiency of dye removal. Higher basicity of BFS had lower dye removal ability for adsorption of acidic dye when applied at smaller concentrations, while for cationic dye when applied at higher concentrations. The results showed that BFS has potential role for pre-treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with dyes and may contribute to reduced use of more expensive adsorbents, such as activated carbons.

Synthesis of new chitosan Schiff base and its Fe2O3 nanocomposite: Evaluation of methyl orange removal and antibacterial activity

New chitosan Schiff base (3EtO-4OH/Chit) and its 3EtO-4OH/Chit/Fe2O3 nanocomposite were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, XRD, TGA, DSC and SEM. The result confirmed the preparation of 3EtO-4OH/Chit and its 3EtO-4OH/Chit/Fe2O3 nanocomposite. The efficiency of the prepared catalysts was studied for the methyl orange (MO) removal from aqueous solution. The effect of adsorbent dose and contact time on the removal of dye has been studied. Their antibacterial activities were considered against two Gram positive (S. aureus and B. cereus) and two Gram negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria and the results showed that the activity of the 3EtO-4OH/Chit/Fe2O3 is excellent and is more than chitosan and 3EtO-4OH/Chit. Thermogravimetry studies shows that the weight loss stages and the residual value at 600 °C are different for the two compounds. DSC curve of the title compounds 3EtO-4OH/Chit and 3EtO-4OH/Chit/Fe2O3 is different from each other. The reason for this difference could be due to the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles in 3EtO-4OH/Chit/Fe2O3.

Preparation of a GO/MIL-101(Fe) Composite for the Removal of Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solution.

The composite material graphene oxide (GO)/MIL-101(Fe) was prepared by a simple one-pot reaction method. MIL-101(Fe) grown on the surface of a GO layer was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption performance and the mechanism of MIL-101(Fe) and GO/MIL-101(Fe) for methyl orange (MO) were studied. The results have shown that the adsorption capacity of GO/MIL-101(Fe) for MO was significantly better than that of MIL-101(Fe), and its capacity was the highest when 10% GO was added. The Langmuir specific surface areas of MIL-101(Fe) and GO/MIL-101(Fe) were 1003.47 and 888.289 m2·g–1, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of MO on MIL-101 (Fe) and 10% GO/MIL-101 (Fe) were 117.74 and 186.20 mg·g–1, respectively. The adsorption isotherms were described by the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetic data suggested the pseudo-second order to be the best fit model. GO/MIL-101(Fe) can be reused at least three times.

Controlled growth of BiFeO3 nanoparticles in the presence of alginate template for adsorptive removal of different dyes

In this work, magnetic BiFeO3 nanoparticles were successfully grown via biotemplated method utilizing complex polysaccharides, namely alginate (brown algae). The proportion impact of Bi:Fe molar ratio, weight percent of sodium alginate, pH, and calcination temperature on the phase structure, microstructure, and morphologies of the BiFeO3 nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a pure phase of BiFeO3 nanoparticles with a rhombohedral structure in the presence of 0.5 wt. % of sodium alginate, Bi:Fe molar ratio of 1:2, at pH 8 and calcination temperature of 550 °C for 2 h. This work suggests that alginate provides a well-defined, chemically and thermally stable environment for the formation of nanoparticles. The biosynthesized BiFeO3 nanoparticles were subsequently evaluated for the removal of methylene blue (cationic), neutral red (neutral), and methyl orange (anionic) dyes. However, they were effective for removing methylene blue and neutral red dyes, but had low efficiency in removing methyl orange dye. The facile and green route approach will render new opportunities for advanced nanomaterials as tremendous potential in environmental remediation for water treatment.

Adsorption mechanisms of azo dyes binary mixture onto different raw palm wastes

ABSTRACT This work aimed to understand the adsorption mechanism of dyes in a binary system onto different raw palm wastes and highlights its high efficiency for the removal of methylene blue and methyl orange in competition in aqueous solution. The proposition of the mechanism was based on several parameters and results for that several studies were performed. Characterisation of the specific surface by the methylene blue method and scanning electron microscopy was carried out to study the specific surface measurement and the surface morphology, respectively, on different raw palm wastes. The central composite design was used to evaluate the effects of the following factors (the solution pH and sorbent dose) also to optimise the experimental conditions. Based on CCD results the optimal conditions are pH = 7 and 90 mg for the adsorbent mass. The kinetic parameters calculated using different models show that the adsorption of the mixture of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) is fitted to pseudo-first-order. Langmuir isotherm was found to be an adequate model describing the process in its several systems with an amount of adsorbed quantities of about 32.05 mg.g−1 for MB and 16.81 mg.g−1 for MO.

Facile synthesis of muscovite–supported Fe3O4 nanoparticles as an adsorbent and heterogeneous catalyst for effective removal of methyl orange: Characterisation, modelling, and mechanism

The discharge of organic pollutants including dyes into the aquatic system represents a main source of environmental contamination. Decontamination of dye molecules from polluted water bodies through adsorption process is reported to be an effective and economic technology. Herein, a one-pot preparation method was used to decorate the available and low-cost layered silicate muscovite (MUS) mica by iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The new Fe3O4@MUS composite was characterised by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM techniques and tested for the adsorption and Fenton-like degradation of hazardous methyl orange (MO). The results of experimental parameters such as reaction time, Fe3O4@MUS mass, MO concentration, solution pH, H2O2 concentration, and temperature indicated that Fenton-like oxidation process was rapid (i.e., around 98 % of MO removal was achieved after 60 min). The pseudo-first-order for kinetics and Langmuir for equilibrium models fitted the MO adsorption data. The maximum Langmuir uptake capacity of Fe3O4@MUS presented the value of 149.25 mg/g at 25°C. Fenton-like degradation data followed the first-order removal rate at varied initial concentrations (i.e., 50, 100, and 150 mg/L) of MO dye. Electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and the π-π bond (i.e., dye‒dye interaction) were involved during MO adsorption onto Fe3O4@MUS surface. Degradation of MO was mainly associated with the generation of •OH radicals through H2O2 catalytic decomposition using Fe3O4@MUS composite. The synthetic catalyst was reused up to five runs without an apparent decrease in its removal efficiency even after 5th use, reflecting the high stability of Fe3O4@MUS.

Synthesis and characterizations of hybrid PEG-Fe3O4 nanoparticles for the efficient adsorptive removal of dye and antibacterial, and antibiofilm applications.

Dyes are highly toxic coloured compounds in nature that are largely applied in paper, food, textile and printing industries. Here, the adsorption technique was performed to remove methyl orange (MO) dye from water by polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs). The method used for Fe3O4 NPs synthesis was chemical precipitation. The particles were analyzed by transmission electron microscope, magnetometer, BET analyzer, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, zetasizer and particle size analyzer. The influence of pH (4.0 to 10.0), NaCl concentration (0.01mM to 2M), adsorbent dosage (1 to 10mg), and the role of surface charge on adsorptive removal were investigated. The NPs size, zeta potential and surface area was found to be 26 ± 1.26nm, 33.12 ± 1.01mV and 119 m2/g respectively. The adsorption of MO on Fe3O4 NPs agreed best to Freundlich model (R2 = 0.965) when compared with Langmuir model (R2 = 0.249). By comparing pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.937), kinetic adsorption study was better followed by pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 1). The adsorption rate decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. At pH4, maximum adsorption was noted. The particles were also exhibited excellent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. The ROS formation, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress were increased with increase in NPs concentration. The NPs precoated slides exhibited more than 50% growth inhibition. The investigation denotes the versatile applications of the prepared particles for removing the dye stuffs from industrial effluents and as antibacterial and antibiofilm agent.

Enhanced Water Purification Performance of Ionic Liquid Impregnated Metal-Organic Framework: Dye Removal by [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) Composite.

We incorporated a water-stable ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [BMIM][PF6], into a water-stable metal–organic framework (MOF), MIL-53(Al), to generate the [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) composite. This composite was examined for water purification by studying its capacity for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) removal from aqueous solutions having either single dye or a mixture of both. Data illustrated that the removal efficiency and the maximum adsorption capacity of MIL-53(Al) were increased several times upon [BMIM][PF6] incorporation. For instance, within 1 min, 10 mg of pristine MIL-53(Al) adsorbed 23.3% MB from 10 mg/L of MB solution, while [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) composite was adsorbed 82.3% MB in an identical solution. In the case of MO, 10 mg of pristine MIL-53(Al) achieved 27.8 and 53.6% MO removal from 10 mg/L of MO solution, while [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) composite removed 61.4 and 99.2% within 5 min and 3 h, respectively. Moreover, upon [BMIM][PF6] incorporation, the maximum MB and MO adsorption capacities of the pristine MOF were increased from 84.5 to 44 mg/g to 204.9 to 60 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of dyes in pristine MIL-53(Al) and [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and a Langmuir isotherm model. In a mixture of both dyes, the IL/MOF composite showed a doubled MB selectivity after the IL incorporation. The composite was successfully regenerated at least two times after its use in water purification to remove MB, MO, and their mixtures. Infrared (IR) spectra indicated that the MB/MO adsorption occurs on [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) by electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions. These results showed that [BMIM][PF6]/MIL-53(Al) composite is a highly promising material for efficient water purification.

Combining structurally ordered intermetallic nodes: Kinetic and isothermal studies for removal of malachite green and methyl orange with mechanistic aspects

The current research focus is to develop some systematic materials for the removal of hazardous dyes from water to save the aquatic environment. We have reported the in-situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) on zinc layered double hydroxide (ZnAl-LDH) and the developed porous composite material (ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH) for adsorptive elimination of malachite green (MG) and methyl orange (MO) from water. The adsorption parameters and organic dyes removal efficiency of ZnAl-LDH, ZIF-8 and ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH has been determined by considering factors such as dye concentration, time for adsorption and pH of dye solutions. Results showed that ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH has good adsorption capacity (qmax, 194.5 mg. g−1) for MG as compared to ZnAl-LDH (60.6 mg. g−1) and ZIF-8 (155.27 mg. g−1). Furthermore, ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH also showed good adsorption capacity (qmax, 609.7 mg. g−1) for methyl orange better than that of ZnAl-LDH (86.35 mg. g−1) and ZIF-8 (322.58 mg. g−1). Also, with 180 min contact time 98% MG and 96.9% MO was adsorbed by ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model successfully clarified the process of adsorption as monolayer, with relatively high correlation coefficient of (R2 = 0.9988 of ZIF-8 and 0.9992 of ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH) for MG and (R2 = 0.9973 of ZIF-8 and 0.9990 of ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH) for MO. After four consecutive cycles ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH exhibit 96.27% and 95.16% adsorption for malachite green and methyl orange respectively, of the original capacity of pristine ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH. The best performance of adsorbents is due to the porous structure, greater superficial area for adsorption process and specific morphological inter-layered structure with exposed metallic nodes. The overall results indicate that the as-synthesized ZIF-8 and its composite ZIF-8@ZnAl-LDH are proficient for purification of water by removing dyes such as (MG & MO) from aqueous solutions.

Concurrent photocatalytic degradation and filtration with bi‐plasmonic TiO 2 for wastewater treatment

A new photocatalytic filtration membrane was prepared by grafting of Ag–Au bi-plasmonic shell-on TiO2@Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a magnetically-separable heterogeneous photocatalyst to a poly acrylic acid-modified cellulose acetate membrane for decomposition and removal of methyl orange as a model pollutant from textile wastewater samples. Eight photocatalysts including five Au NPs-modified TiO2@Fe3O4 NPs and three Ag-Au bi-plasmonic NPs-decorated TiO2@Fe3O4 NPs with different shell thickness were synthesized and characterized by TEM, UV–vis, and SEM techniques and their photocatalytic activity was assessed using two radiation sources. After selection of optimum photocatalyst and modification of cellulose acetate membrane, the photodegradation of methyl orange was evaluated in a dead-end membrane reactor using the prepared membrane. The flux performance, antifouling property and pollutant removal efficiency of the membrane were evaluated using textile wastewater samples. It was demonstrated that the prepared membrane reactor is able to produce cleaner water with more stable flux performance and good antifouling property.

Box–Behnken design for the optimization of methylene blue and methyl orange removal from aqueous solution by activated carbon

In this work, experimental design approach was adopted for the optimization of the removal of anionic and cationic model dyes (methylene blue and methyl orange) by activated carbon. A Box–Behnken surface statistical design with three factors and three-level combined with response surface modelling was employed to maximize dyes removal from aqueous solution. Three factors were used; solution pH, dyes concentration and activated carbon ratio to aqueous volume. Experimental results showed that solution pH has a positive effect on the adsorption of MB and a negative effect on the adsorption of MO. MO adsorption was more influenced by dye concentration in solution compared to MB adsorption. On the other side, MB adsorption was more influenced by the mass ratio of activated carbon compared to MO adsorption. The mass ration of activated carbon influence more MB adsorption at low dye concentration. In addition, at low solution pH, MO adsorption depends strongly on its concentration in solution

Design of hybrid Chitosan-Montmorillonite materials for water treatment: Study of the performance and stability

Using hybrid chitosan-montmorillonite materials as environmentally-friendly alternatives to metallic salts in water treatment, and especially for drinking water production, is a new challenge. However, the coagulation-flocculation process requires minimization of polymer release and reactivity optimization to guarantee low Dissolved Organic Carbon content of the treated waters. To meet these requirements, hybrid materials were designed in this study to combine structural stability and good sorption efficiency, even in hard waters. The influence of preparation parameters (polymer molecular weight, polymer to clay mass ratio, addition method and post-preparation treatment) was evaluated and the obtained composites were fully characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Jar-Test experiments were carried out to assess the performance of the hybrids toward MethylOrange, a model molecule for the hardly removable hydrophilic compounds. The best results were obtained by drying the hybrids prepared at a 0.5:1 polymer to clay mass ratio by the direct addition method. Structural analysis revealed that the polymer chains of the dried-hybrid were more strongly bound to the Montmorillonite particles while remaining accessible to the organic molecules. This structure prevented its destabilization in the presence of high ionic strength. Under these conditions, all chitosan based materials exhibited some reactivity loss. However, the dissolved chitosan release was reduced to 13% of the initial dosage for the optimized dried hybrid compared to 47% for the undried version. To conclude, the optimized hybrids still outperformed pristine chitosan, Montmorillonite and FeCl3 for the removal of MethylOrange, thus highlighting their potential for future use.

Efficient adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange and Congo red by calcined Zn-Al layered double hydroxide

In this study, calcined layered double hydroxides (ZnAl-cLDH) with Zn/Al molar ratio of 2:1 was prepared via coprecipitation method at constant pH of 9 and calcination at 500 °C. The resultant calcined (ZnAl-cLDH) were applied for the adsorption from Congo red and Methyl orange dye removal from aqueous phase. The adsorption kinetics fit the pseudo-second order kinetic models well and the Langmuir isotherm model exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 584.56 mg.g−1 and 451.21 mg.g−1 for Congo red and Methyl orange respectively. The results of adsorption–desorption cycles revealed that ZnAl-cLDH have an excellent potential to be used as an economical adsorbent of wastewater treatment.

Synthesis of novel Ag@ZIF-67 rhombic dodecahedron for enhanced adsorptive removal of antibiotic and organic dye

Ag@ZIF-67 was successfully prepared by using a facile and fast method at room temperature and characterized by a variety of techniques. Results indicate that prepared Ag@ZIF-67 contains a very beautiful morphology with a great active specific surface area than solo ZIF-67. The prepared Ag@ZIF-67 contains a greater pore size, which is 1.564 nm with increased functional sites. The adsorption performance of Ag@ZIF-67 was further studied with the removal of Minocycline (MC) and methyl orange (MO) from polluted water. Various adsorption parameters, such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial concentrations of MC and MO, were optimized. The kinetics parameters of the adsorption process were determined by applying the pseudo first-order kinetic model (PFO) and pseudo second-order (PSO) kinetic model. In the case of MC, adsorption isotherm data matched well with Freundlich as compared to Langmuir and Temkin model. While in the case of MO, adsorption isotherm data followed the Langmuir model as compared to the Freundlich and Temkin model. Ag@ZIF-67 was found to be an efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of MC and MO, having 938.4 mg/g and 994.6 mg/g adsorption capacity, which is higher than reported adsorbents.

Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies of the removal of methyl orange by synthetic clays prepared using urea or coprecipitation

Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies of the removal of methyl orange by synthetic clays prepared using urea or coprecipitation

Facile green preparation of nano-scale silver particles using Chenopodium botrys water extract for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution

In this study, the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as an eco-friendly, efficient and low-cost adsorbent was synthesized from Chenopodium botrys extract. Characteristics of the prepared adsorbent were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). According to the particle size distribution, the average size of AgNPs was obtained 11.9 nm. AgNPs were used for methyl blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) removal from aqueous solution. Maximum removal percentages of 97.50 and 95.00 was obtained under optimum conditions, including contact time of 25 min, pH = 10, adsorbent dosage of 0.9 g, and dye concentration of 30 mg/L for MB and MO, respectively. Langmuir isotherm indicated the best results of adsorption related to the MB and MO with the maximum adsorption capacity of (qmax) 90.09 and 80 mg g−1 for MB and MO, respectively. The kinetics study showed that the results were fitted to the pseudo-second-order model with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9984 and 0.9919 for MB and MO, respectively. The process of removal can be also by adsorption of dye molecule on the surface of Ag-NPs and also may be due to the removal of dye molecules by hydroxyl radicals generated by the NPs effect on water molecules in the presence of light. The proposed adsorbent with its great properties can be used to remove contaminants from industrial wastewater before discharge to the environment.

Adsorption potentials of iron-based metal–organic framework for methyl orange removal: batch and fixed-bed column studies

In the present work, continuous fixed-bed column and batch studies were undertaken to investigate the efficiency of iron-based metal–organic framework (Fe-BTC) for the removal of methyl orange as a model contaminant from aqueous solutions. The batch experiments were carried out by varying operational parameters such as adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, and initial contaminant concentration. The results showed that Fe-BTC had a high removal efficiency under a wide pH range. The equilibrium data were best fitted by the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 100.3 mg g−1 at 298 K. In order to assess the industrial feasibility of Fe-BTC, fixed-bed column studies were conducted to obtain breakthrough curves, breakthrough and saturation times, and maximum uptakes at different bed heights. The breakthrough time was 20.0 and 46.2 h at 0.75 and 1.5 cm bed depths, respectively. The bed removal efficiency was 35.2 and 46.7% at 0.75 and 1.5 cm bed depth, respectively. The bed maximum adsorption capacity was 20.2 and 21.6 mg/g at 0.75 and 1.5 cm bed depths, respectively. Moreover, the application of empirical breakthrough curve models showed good agreement with the modified dose response model (R2> 0.99). Also, the analytical solution of the advection–dispersion–adsorption mass transfer equation showed an excellent fit to the experimental breakthrough data (R2> 0.99). Further, the analytical model was utilized to predict the length of the mass transfer zone as a function of the bed depth and to construct a 3D surface plot that can be utilized to predict the breakthrough at different bed depths.

Promising Antimicrobial and Azo Dye Removal Activities of Citric Acid-Functionalized Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticles

In this study magnesium ferrite nanoparticles (MgFe2O4 NPs) were synthesized through an aqueous co-precipitation method and functionalized with citric acid (CA) for outstanding their antimicrobial potential and removal activity of azo dye. MgFe2O4 NPs and CA-MgFe2O4 NPs were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, and SEM/EDX mapping method to analyze crystallinity, average particle size, morphology, functional groups and elemental composition, respectively. Antimicrobial activity was investigated against pathogenic bacteria and yeast as zone of inhibition (ZOI) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Reaction mechanism using SEM/EDX analysis of CA-MgFe2O4 NPs-treated microbial cells was mentioned. The removal efficiency was tested against methyl orange (MO), and various parameters affecting the removal efficiency such as (pH on removal of MO, MO initial concentration, and CA-MgFe2O4 dose) were studied. Antimicrobial results showed that CA-MgFe2O4 NPs demonstrated maximum activities against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans with ZOI of 20.0, 16.0, and 14.0 mm, respectively. Results obtained suggested that 0.1 g of CA-MgFe2O4 NPs achieved 85.0% removal of MO at pH 5.0.0, hence, it exhibited efficient dye removal and sufficient antimicrobial activities.

Preparation of Magnetic Composite Polyaniline/Fe3O4−Hydrotalcite and Performance in Removal of Methyl Orange

Magnetic composite fabricated from polyaniline and Fe3O4-hydrotalcite (Pan/MHT) was successfully applicated for removal of methyl orange (MO) from wastewater. The structure and properties of Pan/MHT were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller adsorption isotherm. Adsorption kinetic results indicated that the adsorption process followed pseudosecond-order kinetic model ([Formula: see text]), MO adsorption onto Pan/MHT was well described by Freundlich isotherm ([Formula: see text]), and the MO adsorption capacity of 2 Pan/MHT obtained the highest with [Formula: see text]. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out using magnetic composite with the effects of initial MO concentration, solution pH, and adsorbent dosage. The results revealed that the magnetic Pan/MHT exhibited efficient adsorption of MO in the aqueous solution as a result of the affinity for organic dyes, microporous structure, and suitable surface area for adsorption (15,460 m2/g). The superparamagnetic behavior of Pan/MHT (with[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and[Formula: see text]) helps that it could be separated from the solution and performs as an economical and alternative adsorbent to removal and degrade azo dye from wastewater. Pan/MHT was also investigated to reuse after desorption of MO in 0.1 M HCl, and the results show that 2 Pan/MHT can be reused for 4 cycles with [Formula: see text]