Remote Control Mechanism Research Articles

Smart energy conservation system for study rooms

<span lang="EN-US">Most individuals in public and private sector offices are uninterested in turning off electronic equipment like fans and lamps while they are not present. For example, most students fail to turn off the fans and lighting in their classrooms, study rooms, residence halls, and so forth. As a result of this attitude, power usage in these places tends to rise. Several automation systems have been designed and implemented to decrease power waste in these locations, but the majority of these systems are either inefficient or inappropriate for their intended use. This study presents a proposed smart energy conservation system in a study room that employs an infrared remote-control mechanism to turn on or off an energy system in the absence of humans. Embedded technology was used to create an energy-saving solution. The testing was done with a range of scenarios and key performance indicators. The test results showed that the proposed system was effectively implemented, and a comparison of the system to a case study system demonstrated that it had a better design, lower cost, and higher operational efficiency. The findings of this study will be essential to a wide variety of stakeholders.</span>

An Affordable, User-friendly Telerehabilitation System Assembled Using Existing Technologies for Individuals Isolated With COVID-19: Development and Feasibility Study.

BackgroundIsolation due to a COVID-19 infection can limit activities and cause physical and mental decline, especially in older adults and people with disabilities. However, due to limited contact, adequate rehabilitation is difficult to provide for quarantined patients. Telerehabilitation technology could be a solution; however, issues specific to COVID-19 should be taken into consideration, such as strict quarantine and respiratory symptoms, as well as accessibility to deal with rapid increases in need due to the pandemic.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop and to investigate the feasibility of a telerehabilitation system for patients who are quarantined due to COVID-19 by combining existing commercial devices and computer applications.MethodsA multidisciplinary team has identified the requirements for a telerehabilitation system for COVID-19 and developed the system to satisfy those requirements. In the subsequent feasibility study, patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (N=10; mean age 60 years, SD 18 years) were included. A single session of telerehabilitation consisted of stretching exercises, a 15-minute exercise program, and a video exercise program conducted under real-time guidance by a physical therapist through a video call. The system included a tablet computer, a pulse oximeter, videoconferencing software, and remote control software. The feasibility of the system was evaluated using the Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ; 14 items) and an additional questionnaire on the telerehabilitation system (5 items). Each item was rated from “1 = strongly disagree” to “5 = strongly agree.”ResultsThe telerehabilitation system was developed by combining existing devices and applications, including a pulse oximeter and remote control mechanism, to achieve user-friendliness, affordability, and safety, which were determined as the system requirements. In the feasibility study, 9 out of 10 patients were able to use the telerehabilitation system without any on-site help. On the TSQ, the mean score for each item was 4.7 (SD 0.7), and in the additional items regarding telerehabilitation, the mean score for each item was 4.3 (SD 1.0).ConclusionsThese findings support the feasibility of this simple telerehabilitation system in quarantined patients with COVID-19, encouraging further investigation on the merit of the system’s use in clinical practice.

Wind Characterization By Three Blade Savonius Wind Turbine Using IoT

Fuel has become one of the vital energy in our life and reserves on the earth is lessened years by years. However, still wind that is renewable resource which is clean energy that can replaced a fuel. In this paper, novel idea to monitor the environmental condition and working conditions are characterized by using the small three blade Savonius wind turbines with Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed. Therefore, in terms of characterization, controlling and monitoring the status of wind turbine systems are recommended from anywhere in the world using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. In all repair work, this system is declared with IoT application and ESP 8266 to monitor, capture and diagnose problems in wind turbine. This allows the user to have a remote control mechanism remotely via secure internet web connection. This system helps users control energy sources, manually and remotely using smartphones or personal computers. This work is related to the transmission of data between two units in a timely and fast time without any disturbance. Wind turbine performance has a number of factors which determine its reliability. Next, a system for analyzing the data resulting from the rotation of the wind turbine from a distance is needed so that the study can take place at any time. The parameters that been measured using ESP8266 is voltage, current, power and wind speed. When turbine generate electric, it will display the output by thinkspeak. Various challenges, material of wind turbine and methods for condition monitoring were discussed and the results were analyzed with statistical measures and compared with its standard values.

The Development of Secure Protocol in Smart Technologies for Schema-based One-time Pads Using the System of Near-field Actions

Interacting with modern technology using the Internet provides a large number of remote control mechanisms. All of them somehow work with packet data transmission, but differ from each other by algorithms of packet formation, their transmission, as well as encryption methods. Remote access tools are mechanisms for communication both locally and globally (on the Internet). The purpose of this article is to develop a secure Protocol for “smart home” remote control technology. In the course of the study, a method was developed to control the devices of the “Internet of things” using the channel of information transmission in the form of instant messaging system on the Internet. The result of this work is a developed mechanism for secure data exchange between the client and the “smart home” server. This Protocol is a unique solution for protecting information exchange channels in the field of “Internet of things” devices, as well as the whole concept of “smart home”. The implementation of the tasks is fully achieved, and this Protocol can be used in real conditions. The relevance of protecting information in “smart homes” is a fundamental point in developing this technology. Developing this Protocol allows you to bring the information security of homes to a new level. The project can be used in mass use, and the safe mechanism can become an integral part in the homes of the future.

Smart remote-controller designed with combining speech-recognition microprocessor and wireless sensor networks

The objective of this study was to design a smart remote-controller combining with speech-recognition and self-learning function Module and blue-tooth wireless sensor network to become part of the intelligent system to control all home appliances in the smart living space. The system was constructed with two parts: (1) a remote control mechanism with Bluetooth (BT) module mounting on controller module (remote controller) and slave receiver module (on every home appliance), and (2) a remote controller with speech-recognition and function of self-learning human voice with speech-recognition microprocessor so that people could directly give voice commands to control appliances. Therefore, the technique of BT communication and speech-recognition microprocessor became the most important in this study. After implementing finished projects, the whole system was proved to be highly successful.

Finite Element Analysis of New Downhole Throttle Based on Orifice Valve

In order to realize the intelligentization of downhole natural gas intelligent gas production technology, a set of downhole intelligent throttles suitable for remote control was designed. This article describes the mechanical structure design and remote-control mechanism of smart throttle. Using ANSYS finite element analysis software, the mechanical structure of underground intelligent throttle is analyzed and the fluid field of key parts of throttle is analyzed. According to the finite element analysis results, the mechanical design of the throttle satisfies the requirements and can provide equipment support for the implementation of downhole natural gas intelligent gas recovery technology. Finally, through the simulated well test, the feasibility of the throttle design was verified.

Framing Continental Shelf Waves in the southern Adriatic Sea, a further flushing factor beyond dense water cascading

Continental Shelf Waves (CSWs) are oscillatory phenomena migrating along the continental margins, controlled by the interplay of rotation and bathymetric gradients. Here we combine observational data from five moored current meters and high-resolution hydrodynamic model fields for describing the generation and propagation of CSWs along the Southern Adriatic Margin (SAM, eastern Mediterranean Sea), where the possibility of their occurrence has been theoretically hypothesised but not experimentally observed up to now. Results show that in spring 2012 a train of CSWs with 35–87 km wavelength and 2–4 day period was generated on the northern sectors of the SAM and propagated southwards along its western slope. Along their path, CSWs modify their apparent frequency and oscillation mode as an effect of the background current and scattering caused by changes in the continental margin morphology. This signal appears as a persistent feature triggered by the inflow of a dense water vein formed in the northern Adriatic Sea, propagating upwelling and downwelling patterns along broad sectors of the continental slope. CSWs thus appear as an additional remote-controlled mechanism for cross-shelf exchange of water, sediment and nutrients in the SAM, besides the well-acknowledged dense water downflow along preferential pathways driven by local topographic constraints.

Wireless network based smart irrigation system using IOT

The Internet of things generally as IoT is a concept of sharing the network between different network objects through internet connectivity. The main objective of this project is to help the agriculturists during the irrigation process. IoT plays a major role in the grazing fields. The Smart irrigation system minimizes the wastage of water and helps farmers for successful usage of the water and besides the crop development. In the proposed paper we are describing an efficient system of irrigation to minimize the consumption of water in the. This in turn grants a remote control mechanism to monitor the process of irrigation. This irrigation process is automated only if the moisture, Temperature levels of the field falls below the reference value. The notifications that are retrieved by the sensor are sent to farmers mobile at a given period of time. The farmers can get SMS about the condition of the soil (whether soil is dry or wet) based the dryness of the soil. The farmers can easily operate the motor and can easily monitor all the operation in the fields. This intelligent Irrigation system’s efficiency is greater than 90% when compared with traditional method. Hence the designed system will provide the complete readings of the content of humidity in the soil and the timely records the temperature as well. This recorded data helps the farmers to inspect the proper functioning of the system and to supply the water into the field in the proper proportions.

ARDUINO BASED WIRELESS MOBOT

Increased connectivity and remote monitoring and control mechanisms have revolutionized the field of measurement and automation. The proposed work is to design a system which will integrate a mobile bot with Arduino, and it is also possible with LabVIEW through a gateway to run wirelessly. An autonomous robot vehicle is to travel from source to destination through the wheels which are controlled by processor. This will be helpful launch in the application where human being travel will be difficult to meet the work. The proposed system will be able to follow a path with obstacle avoiding.Further, the vehicle can be integrated with NI instruments and with LabVIEW to make it autonomous. LabVIEW is a graphical programming language gives a platform for the engineers, which is effective and scalable to focus on robotics neglecting the minute implementation details.

The Significance of TRPV4 Channels and Hemichannels in the Lens and Ciliary Epithelium.

To function normally, all cells must maintain ion homeostasis, establish a membrane potential, and regulate water content. These actions require active Na-K transport provided by Na,K-ATPase. The lens, however, is made up almost entirely of fiber cells that have little or no Na,K-ATPase activity. Lens ion and water homeostasis rely on Na,K-ATPase activity in a small number of cells at the periphery of epithelium monolayer. Therefore, the function of the epithelium must be integrated with the needs of the fiber mass. This suggests that a remote control mechanism may adjust Na,K-ATPase activity to match increases or decreases of ion leakage, which may occur a considerable distance away. Here, we review evidence that TRPV4 channels in the epithelium become activated when the lens is subjected to osmotic- or damage-induced swelling. This triggers a chain of events in the lens epithelium that opens connexin hemichannels, allowing ATP release that stimulates purinergic receptors, activates Src family tyrosine kinases, and increases Na,K-ATPase activity. Recent studies also revealed functional connexin hemichannels along with TRPV4 channels in nonpigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells that secrete aqueous humor into the eye. Because TRPV4 channels are mechanosensitive, we speculate they might enable the NPE to respond to stimuli such as mechanical distortion associated with volume homeostasis during fluid transfer across the ciliary epithelium or changes in intraocular pressure.

Learning cloud service and Internet applications using automatic emergency lights checking system

With increasing applications in cloud service and Internet, learning about how to use such technologies is an important topic for engineering students in the automation discipline. Unfortunately, the current textbooks usually do not supply sufficient material for this purpose. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a practical case study for students to learn more about a cloud service and Internet technology. The case uses a remote automatic emergency lights checking system via Internet and cloud technique. Based on transmission control protocol/Internet protocol, the remote computer can connect with the Nearby Computer for carrying out a remote monitoring and control mechanism. All checked outcomes received by the Nearby Computer can be automatically uploaded to the cloud site. The content using “learn by doing” concept is integrated with a lab project for a specific course so that it can help students learn efficiently. The expected outcomes, practical improvement, impact on student learning, performance assessment, and course evaluation are provided and discussed for details in terms of its value in enhancing the students’ learning in automation engineering.

Two different approaches for creating a prescribed opposed-flow velocity field for flame spread experiments

Opposed-flow flame spread over solid fuels is a fundamental area of research in fire science. Typically combustion wind tunnels are used to generate the opposing flow of oxidizer against which a laminar flame spread occurs along the fuel samples. The spreading flame is generally embedded in a laminar boundary layer, which interacts with the strong buoyancy-induced flow to affect the mechanism of flame spread. In this work, two different approaches for creating the opposed-flow are compared. In the first approach, a vertical combustion tunnel is used where a thin fuel sample, thin acrylic or ashless filter paper, is held vertically along the axis of the test-section with the airflow controlled by controlling the duty cycles of four fans. As the sample is ignited, a flame spreads downward in a steady manner along a developing boundary layer. In the second approach, the sample is held in a movable cart placed in an eight-meter tall vertical chamber filled with air. As the sample is ignited, the cart is moved downward (through a remote-controlled mechanism) at a prescribed velocity. The results from the two approaches are compared to establish the boundary layer effect on flame spread over thin fuels.

Nr4a1-Dependent Ly6Clow Monocytes Monitor Endothelial Cells and Orchestrate Their Disposal

SummaryThe functions of Nr4a1-dependent Ly6Clow monocytes remain enigmatic. We show that they are enriched within capillaries and scavenge microparticles from their lumenal side in a steady state. In the kidney cortex, perturbation of homeostasis by a TLR7-dependent nucleic acid “danger” signal, which may signify viral infection or local cell death, triggers Gαi-dependent intravascular retention of Ly6Clow monocytes by the endothelium. Then, monocytes recruit neutrophils in a TLR7-dependent manner to mediate focal necrosis of endothelial cells, whereas the monocytes remove cellular debris. Prevention of Ly6Clow monocyte development, crawling, or retention in Nr4a1−/−, Itgal−/−, and Tlr7host−/−BM+/+ and Cx3cr1−/− mice, respectively, abolished neutrophil recruitment and endothelial killing. Prevention of neutrophil recruitment in Tlr7host+/+BM−/− mice or by neutrophil depletion also abolished endothelial cell necrosis. Therefore, Ly6Clow monocytes are intravascular housekeepers that orchestrate the necrosis by neutrophils of endothelial cells that signal a local threat sensed via TLR7 followed by the in situ phagocytosis of cellular debris.

Real-World Sensor Network for Long-Term Volcano Monitoring: Design and Findings

This paper presents the design, deployment, and evaluation of a real-world sensor network system in an active volcano - Mount St. Helens. In volcano monitoring, the maintenance is extremely hard and system robustness is one of the biggest concerns. However, most system research to date has focused more on performance improvement and less on system robustness. In our system design, to address this challenge, automatic fault detection and recovery mechanisms were designed to autonomously roll the system back to the initial state if exceptions occur. To enable remote management, we designed a configurable sensing and flexible remote command and control mechanism with the support of a reliable dissemination protocol. To maximize data quality, we designed event detection algorithms to identify volcanic events and prioritize the data, and then deliver higher priority data with higher delivery ratio with an adaptive data transmission protocol. Also, a light-weight adaptive linear predictive compression algorithm and localized TDMA MAC protocol were designed to improve network throughput. With these techniques and other improvements on intelligence and robustness based on a previous trial deployment, we air-dropped 13 stations into the crater and around the flanks of Mount St. Helens in July 2009. During the deployment, the nodes autonomously discovered each other even in-the-sky and formed a smart mesh network for data delivery immediately. We conducted rigorous system evaluations and discovered many interesting findings on data quality, radio connectivity, network performance, as well as the influence of environmental factors.

A Prediction-Based Overload Control Algorithm for SIP Servers

Overload is a challenging problem for a SIP server because the built-in overload control mechanism based on generating rejection messages could not prevent the server from collapsing due to congestion. In this scenario, the paper presents an overload mechanism combining a local and a remote solution. The local part of the overload control mechanism is based on the appropriate queueing structure and buffer management of the SIP proxy. The remote overload control mechanism is based on feedback reports provided by the SIP proxy to the upstream neighbors. These reports permit the traffic regulation necessary to avoid the critical condition of overload. The main paper contributions are the design of key components of a remote control mechanism, the proposal of a new approach for dynamic load estimation, and the use of a prediction technique in the remote control loop.

East European Jewish migrants and settlers in Belgium, 1880–1914: a transatlantic perspective

This article analyses whether the Jews leaving Tsarist Russia and the Austro‐Hungarian Empire, part of the transatlantic mass migration of the end of the nineteenth century, became subject to state control. Most emigrants from Eastern Europe in this period passed through the ports of Bremen, Hamburg and Antwerp. In the 1880s only a few emigrants were not welcome in America and sent back to Europe, but economic competition and the supposed health threat immigrants posed meant the US became the trendsetter in implementing protectionist immigration policy in the 1890s. More emigrants were returned to Europe because of the newly erected US federal immigration control stations, but many more were denied the possibility to leave for the United States by the remote control mechanism which the American authorities enforced on the European authorities and the shipping companies. At the Russian–German border and the port of Antwerp, shipping companies stopped transit migrants who were deemed medically unacceptable by American standards. The shipping companies became subcontractors for the American authorities as they risked heavy fines if they transported unwanted emigrants. The Belgian authorities refused to collaborate with the Americans and defended their sovereignty, and made shipping companies in the port of Antwerp solely responsible for the American remote migration control. Due to the private migration control at the port of Antwerp transit migrants became stuck in Belgium. The Belgian authorities wanted these stranded migrants to return “home.” It seems that the number of stranded migrants remained manageable as the Belgian authorities did not make the shipping companies pay the bill. They were able to get away by making some symbolic gestures and these migrants were supported by charitable contributions from the local Jewish community.

ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cooperation Between MoO3 and Sb2O4 in N-Ethyl Formamide Dehydration. Part 3. Comparison of a Mathematical Model Based on the Remote Control Mechanism with Experimental Results.

ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cooperation Between MoO3 and Sb2O4 in N-Ethyl Formamide Dehydration. Part 3. Comparison of a Mathematical Model Based on the Remote Control Mechanism with Experimental Results.

Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane to Cyclohexene over Mg-V-O Catalysts

The oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane was studied over Mg-V-O catalysts with different Mg/V atomic ratios. Catalysts were prepared via citric acid complexation and characterized by N2-adsorption, XRD, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, NH3-TPD and H2-TPR techniques. Among the pure magnesium vanadates, Mg3(VO4)2 has the isolated active sites, weakly basic surface and lower reducibility of the metal cations, and could be recognized as the catalytic active phase. Furthermore, a series of mechanically mixed catalysts were studied in the reaction in attempting to investigate the synergetic effect. The finding revealed synergetic effects in the conversion, in the yield, and in the selectivity were observed in Mg3(VO4)2 mixing with a suitable amount of MgO and Mg2V2O7 due to a solid solution of MgO in the Mg3(VO4)2 phase and the remote control mechanism, respectively. Among the biphasic catalysts, (7/4)MgVO catalyst exhibited a better catalytic performance, on which a cyclohexene selectivity of 45.7% at cyclohexane conversion of 13.9% was obtained.

Constructing intelligent living-space controlling system with blue-tooth and speech-recognition microprocessor

This study is a creative and initial work focused on designing an intelligent living-space with automatic control system to control all home-appliances in the living-space. First of all, the system was constructed with two parts; one is remote-control mechanism with blue-tooth (BT) module mounting on both master controller module (remote-controller) and slave receiver module (on every home appliance), the other is to design the remote-controller with speech-recognition and function of self-learning human voice so that people could directly give command to control appliances Therefore, the technique of BT communication and speech-recognition microprocessor became the most important in this study. After implementing the finished projects, the whole system was proved to be great successful and the final result of this research has achieved both National patent authorized by Patent Bureau of Taiwan Economy Ministry, and The First Prize of National Award of Practical Projects Design authorized by Taiwan Education Ministry.

Provision of ancillary services by dispersed generation and demand side response – needs, barriers and solutions

In Europe the Dispersed Generation (DG) based on renewable energy sources (RES) and cogeneration of heat and power (CHP) is mostly operated without remote control mechanisms, feeding-in a maximum possible power corresponding to the political and regulatory framework. The further increase of DG which is aligned with the goals of the European Commission will increase their share in the peak power balance up to 60% by 2010. This requires innovative approaches to keep the security and the sustainability of the power system operation. The contribution of DG to the provision of ancillary services will become mandatory. Today the Transmission System Operators (TSOs) are obliged to manage and operate the electric power transmission grids for which they rely on ancillary services procurement from the free market. The TSOs will remain responsible for the transmission system also in the future, but more and more services will be provided at the distribution level including • frequency stability with its components: primary, secondary, and tertiary control • power balancing and dispatch • voltage stability • restoration of supply after disturbances. The TSO cannot efficiently manage ancillary services provided by thousands of DG units with only a small contribution of each. Therefore, the provision of system services by DG requires innovative technical solutions in the sense of virtual power plants and new organizational and regulatory frameworks. Starting with a brief description of the potential of DG to contribute to ancillary services, the paper then describes the needs and the challenges of the DG participation in the ancillary market. The main barrier for such participation is the fixed price practice for energy from RES and CHP. An adapted model for energy prices from RES and CHP is proposed, which allows to maintain subsidizing while enabling their market participation in parallel. Finally, the needs of further development of regulatory frameworks in the European context are described.