Concept Of Remediation Research Articles

The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

AbstractA new in‐situ remediation concept termed a Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) is presented that utilizes horizontal wells filled with reactive media to passively treat contaminated groundwater in‐situ. The approach involves the use of large‐diameter directionally drilled horizontal wells filled with granular reactive media generally installed parallel to the direction of groundwater flow. The design leverages natural “flow‐focusing” behavior induced by the high in‐well hydraulic conductivity of the reactive media relative to the aquifer hydraulic conductivity to passively capture and treat proportionally large volumes of groundwater within the well. Clean groundwater then exits the horizontal well along its downgradient sections. Many different types of solid granular reactive media are already available (e.g., zero valent iron, activated carbon, ion exchange resins, zeolite, apatite, chitin); therefore, this concept could be used to address a wide range of contaminants. Three‐dimensional flow and transport simulations were completed to assess the general hydraulic performance, capture zones, residence times, effects of aquifer heterogeneity, and treatment effectiveness of the concept. The results demonstrate that capture and treatment widths of up to tens of feet can be achieved for many aquifer settings, and that reductions in downgradient concentrations and contaminant mass flux are nearly immediate. For a representative example, the predicted treatment zone width for the HRX Well is approximately 27 to 44 feet, and contaminant concentrations immediately downgradient of the HRX Well decreased an order of magnitude within 10 days. A series of laboratory‐scale physical tests (i.e., tank tests) were completed that further demonstrate the concept and confirm model prediction performance. For example, the breakthrough time, peak concentration and total mass recovery of methylene blue (reactive tracer) was about 2, 35, and 20 times (respectively) less than chloride (conservative tracer) at the outlet of the tank‐scale HRX Well.

Medieøkologien i SKAM

AbstractTo understand the success of SKAM, the series’ innovative use of “social media” must be taken into consideration. The article follows two lines of argument, one diachronic, the other synchronic. The concept of remediation allows for a historical perspective that places the series in a longer tradition of “real time”-fictions and media practices that span from the epistolary novels of the 18th century by way of radio theatre and television serials to the new media of the 21st century. Framing the series within the current media ecology (marked by the connectivity logic of “social media”), the authors analyze how the choice of the blog as the drama’s media platform has formed the ways the series succeeded in affecting and mobilizing its audience. Given the long tradition of strong pedagogical premises in the teenager serials of publicly financed Norwegian television, the authors note the absence of any explicit media critical perspectives or didacticism. Nevertheless, the claim is that the media-practices of the series, as well as the actions and discourses of its followers (blogposts, facebook-groups, etc.), generate new insights and knowledge with regards to the series’ form, content, and practices.

From Paper to Celluloid and Back Again: Finance and Form in Jorge Délano’s Films

This essay argues that our current understanding of the cinematic work by the pioneering Chilean film director Jorge Délano obscures a sophisticated interaction between politics, art and economics, one that reveals unexamined aspects of how the film industry developed in Chile. Most notably, it argues that Délano’s illustrated political satire magazine Topaze was central to the development of early sound cinema in the country. Following Rielle Navitski, the essay utilizes and examines tensions between models drawn from periodical studies and the concepts of remediation and intermediality in film studies. Examining illustrations from the first three years of Topaze’s production (1931–1933) in the context of the country’s economic situation, the essay argues that Délano remediated cinema in Topaze as a strategy of capital accumulation. This analysis also makes it possible to see how one of his sound films, Escándalo (1940), similarly remediated the illustrated paper periodical as he pursued financing for the production of cinematic commodities for export. The essay ends by examining the relationship between these issues and the political situation in early Cold War Chile.

Drama, dissensus, remediation and a fluttering butterfly

Abstract Why is it important to pay attention to democracy and polyphony when working with remediation in a multimodal drama project in introductory schooling? This question is elucidated and investigated in this article on the basis of a drama project case study conducted at Hundborg Friskole. The study is analysed on the basis of the concepts of remediation (Bolter and Grusin 1999; Christoffersen 2009), dissensus (Biesta 2013; Rancière 2013), dialogue and polyphony (Dysthe, Bernhardt and Esbjørn 2012). The examples in the investigation show how dialogue, polyphony and dissensus influence the art-based process of remediation, and how this impacts children’s democratic education.

Incorporating green and sustainable remediation analysis in coal combustion residuals (CCR) surface impoundment closure decision making

In response to new coal combustion residuals (CCR) disposal regulations, many coal-fired utilities have closed existing unlined surface impoundments (SIs) that were traditionally used for disposal of CCR. The two primary closure options are closure-in-place (CIP), which involves dewatering and capping, and closure-by-removal (CBR), which includes excavation, transportation, and disposal of the CCR into a lined landfill. This article provides a methodology and a case study of how green and sustainable remediation concepts, including accounting for the life cycle environmental footprints and the physical risks to workers and community members, can be incorporated into the closure decision-making process. The environmental impacts, occupational risks, and traffic-related fatalities and injuries to workers and community members were calculated and compared for closure alternatives at a hypothetical site. The results demonstrated that the adverse impacts of the CBR option were significantly greater than those of the CIP option with respect to the analyzed impact pathways.

Make theatre, create contacts in Gob Squad’s living room

ABSTRACTThis article explores the way in which the British-German performance collective Gob Squad uses video to transform temporal and spatial relationships in the theatre, using its recent production, Western Society, as a case study. A close analysis of Western Society provides insight into and understanding of Gob Squad's use of video technology and its relationship to live theatre. Drawing from David Jay Bolter and Richard Grusin's concepts of remediation, hypermediacy, and immediacy, the article demonstrates how Gob Squad refashions a YouTube video as a medium and employs video technology to reflect on the interpersonal relationships and the idea of self in a culture saturated with digital media technology. The article also foregrounds the theatre's own mediality as a unique, one-time event that serves as a space for contact between performer and spectator.

Jaki kształt kary ograniczenia wolności?

What form should restriction of liberty take?The paper is analysis of restriction of liberty from the emergence of this remedy till the most recent, very far reaching changes. The concept of a work-based criminal remedy has been known in Polish criminal law for a long time. Successive forms of this remedy have yet to fulfil the expectations associated with it. If so far no form of this remedy, including its probational elements, has convinced the courts to opt for it more often, per­haps the catalogue of criminal remedies listed in Article 32 of the Criminal Code should be expanded to include “community work”. Some steps towards introducing such a pro­posal have already been taken; at the moment the duties of professional probation officers include organisation and control of sentence enforcement.

“Written with the Movies in Mind”: Twentieth-Century American Literature and Transmedial Possibility

Abstract In the early 1910s the extension of copyright protection to moving-picture adaptations of literary works resulted in the emergence of film rights, altering the economic and institutional constitution of the American literary field. In letters, industry documents, and journalistic articles, authors and studios alike reflected on the importance of preparing fiction for adaptation. The capacity of authors to imagine the afterlives of their prose works at the moment of composition may be called the “transmedial possibility” of fiction. Transmedial possibility, the theoretical complement to Jay David Bolter and Richard Grusin’s concept of remediation, inflected the form of several works of the 1920s, including F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Great Gatsby.

Creep behaviour and remediation concept for a deep‐seated landslide, Navistal, Tyrol, Austria

AbstractIn the valley of Navis, the village of Kerschbaum with 84 houses stands on a slowly downhill moving, relatively corase grained, aqua bearing earth‐flow/‐slide about 40 m thick. This secondary movement overlies a deep‐seated rock slide. The rates of movement at the surface of the earth‐flow/‐slide were between 1 und 3 cm/a before the implementation of remedial works. Starting from the geotechnical and geomechanical model of the slope, measures were developed, which were intended to reduce the movement. A monitoring system was installed to provide information about the movement and slope water conditions of the earth‐flow/‐slide and the sliding rock mass. In order to estimate the creep behaviour of the earth‐flow/‐slide, the ductility index ILZR was determined from shear tests. A simple flow law was assumed for the estimation of the change of creep rate. Measurements over a period of about 18 months after the first phase of remedial works show rates between 0.5 and 1.2 cm/a. The reduction of the rate of movement is compared with the creep model applied and the viscosity index ILZR to check the validity.

Failing to catch up in reading in the middle years: The findings of the impact evaluation of the Reading Catch-Up Programme in South Africa

In many developing countries, children are far behind the grade-specific curriculum. This article reports on an impact evaluation of one promising initiative, the Reading Catch-Up Programme, which was designed for a subset of South African schoolchildren, who are known to be behind the grade-specific English (second language) curriculum in the middle years. Overall, despite the promising findings of a preliminary non-experimental evaluation, the cluster randomised control trial study found no substantial or educationally meaningful programme impact. However, the study has identified two important secondary findings. First, for those schoolchildren with a stronger initial English proficiency, there was a moderate positive impact. This is despite the fact that the programme substituted the grade-level curriculum with remedial concepts that should have been covered in earlier grades. This suggests that the schoolchildren in the study may have been even further behind than was anticipated. A further finding from the impact evaluation relates to the effectiveness of instructional coaching as a component of the combined intervention model. The study found that the effectiveness of one-on-one instructional coaching may be dependent on the personal and professional characteristics of individual coaches. This finding complements existing research on the importance of the quality of the institutions implementing programmes.

From dynamic frame to moving image: Remediation and history in Christian Boltanski's works

The aim of the paper is to point to different strategies through which moving images appear in the work of Christian Boltanski. Moving images are discussed in relation to the concept of remediation that becomes crucial not only for understanding the logics of the dominant forms of contemporary art practice, but also of their historic precursors. The first part of the paper gives an introduction into the genesis and meaning of the notion 'moving image' in its historical and contemporary context, as well as an insight into the definition and classification of the concept of ' remediation'. The first part also contains an overview of the long lasting practice of dismantled cinemas, and an overview of the key authors who introduced these terms into theory of art. In its second part, the paper analyses the three selected works of Christian Boltanski exhibited at the Venice Biennale in 2011 and 2015, with the aim to support the thesis that moving images in contemporary visual arts, in the sense of media, are immanent to the fluid relationship that is established among various media.

A metabolism of Adam and Eve: Damien Hirst meets Edvard Munch

Evolution is a theme which crosses the boundaries of art, science and religion. In this paper the problematics of evolution are approached by analysing the works of Edvard Munch (1863–1944) and Damien Hirst (b. 1965). Key attention is paid to Munch’s workMetabolism (1898–9) and Hirst’s work Adam and Eve Exposed (2004), both of which relate to the thematics of the Fall and combine the perspectives of religion and science. The relationship between evolution and art is further discussed through a distinction between pictures and images and the concept of remediation.

Dos livros às telas : Harry Potter como uma história transmídia

O artigo identifica e avalia elementos da história de Harry Potter, originada na série de livros de J.K. Rowling, que a transformaram em uma narrativa transmídia. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica, estabelecemos o conceito narrativa de transmídia a partir de Jenkins (2009a), como uma forma complexa de contar histórias e consideramos como este se relaciona com os conceitos de convergência e remediação. Percebemos que o mundo mágico de Rowling se torna um extenso universo ficcional em múltiplas plataformas, com cada novo texto contribuindo de forma diferente e relevante para o todo. Entendemos que a criação do site Pottermore demarcou a transmidialidade da série. Concluímos que, a partir do livro impresso como suporte midiático, estratégias de migração digital foram incorporadas à narrativa, acionando novos recursos e estratégias para sua apresentação.

Early decision framework for integrating sustainable risk management for complex remediation sites: Drivers, barriers, and performance metrics

As the environmental remediation industry matures, remaining sites often have significant underlying technical challenges and financial constraints. More often than not, significant remediation efforts at these “complex” sites have not achieved stringent, promulgated cleanup goals. Decisions then have to be made about whether and how to commit additional resources towards achieving those goals, which are often not achievable nor required to protect receptors. Guidance on cleanup approaches focused on evaluating and managing site-specific conditions and risks, rather than uniformly meeting contaminant cleanup criteria in all media, is available to aid in this decision. Although these risk-based cleanup approaches, such as alternative endpoints and adaptive management strategies, have been developed, they are under-utilized due to environmental, socio-economic, and risk perception barriers. Also, these approaches are usually implemented late in the project life cycle after unsuccessful remedial attempts to achieve stringent cleanup criteria. In this article, we address these barriers by developing an early decision framework to identify if site characteristics support sustainable risk management, and develop performance metrics and tools to evaluate and implement successful risk-based cleanup approaches. In addition, we address uncertainty and risk perception challenges by aligning risk-based cleanup approaches with the concepts of risk management and sustainable remediation. This approach was developed in the context of lessons learned from implementing remediation at complex sites, but as a framework can, and should, be applied to all sites undergoing remediation.

Because of the Pixels: On the History, Form, and Influence of MS Paint

This article focuses on the history, formal properties, and cultural role played by MS Paint, a widely available graphics program that has been used to make countless internet memes. The author examines the technical limitations of the program, and the visible consequences produced by a mouse-driven bitmap-based graphics program. He uses MS Paint as a context to discuss two new pieces of graphics software – Fresh Paint and Rage Maker – each of which embody radically different orientations to the concept of remediation. These three approaches to understanding MS Paint help us to reconsider the culturally suppressed media that have nonetheless had significant effects on the visual culture of the contemporary participatory internet.

Use of Soluble Phosphates to Stabilize Lead Contaminated Soils

Lead pollution, commonly found in lead-acid battery plants or electroplating manufactures, has drawn more and more attention due to its intrinsic toxicity to human health and potential disturbances to local ecological system. Soluble phosphates showed great advantages over other inorganic stabilizers and could provide a rapid, cost-effective approach for lead contaminated sites, despite of complex contaminants presence and heterogeneity distribution of contamination. Chemical stabilization using soluble phosphates was demonstrated by immobilize both lab samples and on-site samples from a local lead contaminated site in this study. The soil samples were mixed with soluble phosphates and stabilized for selected intervals, while adding supplements for the purpose of pH control and solidification. Experiments for treatment duration and immobilization rate in comparison with other stabilizers were also investigated to provide guidance for following demonstration project. Soil samples were analyzed before and after the treatments to compare lead immobilization rates under different circumstances. The results suggested that 90% of lead in lab soil samples was stabilized after one day treatment with phosphates, while on-site soil samples took another 30 to 50 days due to their complexity. Phosphates treatment showed great consistence over all the soil samples after 50 days in contrast with the performance of lime treatment and ferrous sulfate stabilization. It is recommended that the stabilization duration for the specific site should be longer than 30 days, at an average cost of stabilization per ton of soil around 300 RMB. This study demonstrated the use of soluble phosphates in pilot-scale lead pollution remediation, as well as the possibility of extending the remediation concept for other heavy metal contamination scenarios. In addition, chemical stabilization could also be combined with other remediation technology in future due to its simplicity and convenience.

Remediating risk as matter–energy–information flows of avian influenza and BSE

Nearly all risks associated with infectious diseases have potential global implications and highlight Beck’s (2007, Weltrisikogesellschaft. auf der suche nach der verlorenen sicherheit. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag) famous thesis that the risk society is always a world risk society. One central factor behind the immanently global nature of risk is the role of mediated communication. All risks are mediated in one form or another. It is for that reason logical that mediation – as a process of coming in between or extending particular associations – should play a major role in the development of theories of risk. It is from this starting point that I propose to retheorise risk in relation to practices of communication. I will reflect on two well-documented cases: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE or ‘mad cow disease’) and avian influenza (H5N1) to develop an analysis of the role of media in engendering particular risk sensibilities. By invoking Bolter and Grusin’s (1999, Remediation: understanding new media. Cambridge MA: MIT Press) concept of remediation, I will show that risks are virtual and this means that they can be endlessly reconfigured in particular techno–semiotic networks that are geared towards calibrating three attributions: matter, energy and information. It is through these recalibrations that particular systems are able to invoke specific forms of risk communication that fit distinct institutional and/or personal interests.

The adoption of sustainable remediation behaviour in the US and UK: A cross country comparison and determinant analysis

The sustainable remediation concept, aimed at maximizing the net environmental, social, and economic benefits in contaminated site remediation, is being increasingly recognized by industry, governments, and academia. However, there is limited understanding of actual sustainable behaviour being adopted and the determinants of such sustainable behaviour. The present study identified 27 sustainable practices in remediation. An online questionnaire survey was used to rank and compare them in the US (n=112) and the UK (n=54). The study also rated ten promoting factors, nine barriers, and 17 types of stakeholders' influences. Subsequently, factor analysis and general linear models were used to determine the effects of internal characteristics (i.e. country, organizational characteristics, professional role, personal experience and belief) and external forces (i.e. promoting factors, barriers, and stakeholder influences). It was found that US and UK practitioners adopted many sustainable practices to similar extents. Both US and UK practitioners perceived the most effectively adopted sustainable practices to be reducing the risk to site workers, protecting groundwater and surface water, and reducing the risk to the local community. Comparing the two countries, we found that the US adopted innovative in-situ remediation more effectively; while the UK adopted reuse, recycling, and minimizing material usage more effectively. As for the overall determinants of sustainable remediation, the country of origin was found not to be a significant determinant. Instead, organizational policy was found to be the most important internal characteristic. It had a significant positive effect on reducing distant environmental impact, sustainable resource usage, and reducing remediation cost and time (p<0.01). Customer competitive pressure was found to be the most extensively significant external force. In comparison, perceived stakeholder influence, especially that of primary stakeholders (site owner, regulator, and primary consultant), did not appear to have as extensive a correlation with the adoption of sustainability as one would expect.

Actuarial Risk Analysis to Promote National Contingency Plan (NCP)‐Consistent Remediation

This article provides a case study of how green and sustainable remediation (GSR) concepts (including, but not limited to, worker risk) can be incorporated into the existing National Contingency Plan (NCP)/Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) remedy selection framework. The occupational risks of worker fatalities and injuries associated with two site remediation alternatives were calculated and compared. The results demonstrated that the increased worker risks associated with one of the remedy alternatives rendered it inferior based on the NCP “Balancing Criteria” of short‐term effectiveness. This type of approach is implementable at many sites by leveraging readily available information at the remedy selection stage using published methods and data sources. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

You can visit Hotel Mommy: maternal bodies as browsing/consuming biotourists

The technologically charged public domain of cyber(cultural)space, often constructed in opposition to women, femininity, and maternity, can also be a contested scholarly space with the potential to question dominant discourses of gender, race, class, sexuality, and maternity. The cyber-realm has also interconnections to webs of commercialism and the commodification of female and maternal bodies. In order to investigate this topic's interconnections in this paper, I turn to an examination of cybermaternity in the commercial maternity web pages of the Internet. In summary, I argue that mainstream and commercialized maternity websites are domains of paradox, with the possibility of overturning the previously mentioned dominant discourses even as they are saturated in commerce, desire to render maternal bodies completely knowable and conventional tropes of maternity. To further this investigation, I turn to Kim Sawchuk's theory of biotourism to examine discourses of medico-technology and the desire to observe the inner workings of the pregnant body. I argue that this biotouristic desire is enabled by the immediacy of the websites and delivered in the jocular tone of mainstream maternity magazines. In order to further examine possible manifestations of biotourism, I also make use of Jay David Bolter's and Richard Grusin's concept of remediation: the tendency of particular media to represent and refashion other media in response to general Western cultural desires for immediacy.