Religious Reference Research Articles

Andi Siti Nurhasanah and Her Existence as a Female Scholar, Educator, and Role Model for Students and Her Community

Throughout every era, there have always been individuals specially chosen by Allah to open the doors of goodness (mafātiih al-khaer) and close the doors of evil (maghāliq al-syarr). They act with utmost sincerity for the betterment of the community, nurturing the next generation, enriching the nation's life, and dedicating their entire lives to the field of education. Their contributions should be immortalized to serve as a memory and a guiding light for future generations. In the midst of the current crisis of role models, we intend to present the results of our research on one such figure, Andi Siti Nurhasanah, a female scholar and educator worthy of being a role model, a religious reference, and an exemplary figure for today's generation. This research is qualitative in nature, taking the form of a life story, with primary data sources derived from interviews and domain analysis. The study concludes that Andi Siti Nurhasanah has proven herself as a venerable educational scholar worthy of emulation based on several dimensions, including: (1) exemplifying respect for knowledge and honoring teachers; (2) demonstrating excellence in memorizing and preserving the entire 30 juz of the Quran; (3) making optimal use of her time, leaving no moment wasted in her life; (4) displaying dedication to her profession as an educator wherever she goes; (5) embodying a strong social spirit, marked by great generosity and a willingness to share with others.

Social Morality and Absolute Morality within The Framework of Bergsonian Metaphysical Vitalism

Social moral obligation, its automatism and false faces, declarative and regulatory laws, the individual and social ego, collective solidarity and the pulsation of creative emotion, intelligent and instinctual society, open and closed social dynamics, Divinity as a transcendent religious reference point and Reason as the limit of moral-philosophical endeavors - all these concepts and themes are just a few of the major subjects that crystallize Bergsonian vitalism's conception, a conception that cannot be identified with religious forms of metaphysical approach but clearly approaches the scenario of thought and experience proposed by these forms. This text attempts to capture such a similarity and dialectical interplay between the concepts evoked above.

Strategies for Translating Culture-Specific Metaphor on Taboos in Abdo Khal’s “Throwing Sparks”

This paper investigates the strategies of translating Arabic culture-specific metaphor on taboos into English in “Throwing Sparks” by Abdo Khal, the 2010 winner of the Arabic Booker prize. The paper introduces the Triangle of Culture-specific Metaphor on Taboos (TCMT), which explains the intertwined relations between using cultural elements in metaphor to express taboo in a literary work. The study aims to answer the question of how do translators tackle culture-specific metaphors on taboos, and duly suggests means to improve them. Samples from four taboo types are selected for analysis, namely sex, homosexuality, poverty and slavery. The study finds that the techniques used to render the culture-specific metaphor on taboos are keeping the metaphor when the target reader is thought to understand the culture element, changing the metaphor for another type using explicitation when the target reader is thought to misunderstand the culture element and demetaphorizing the metaphor when the topic is not seen as a taboo in the target culture. The study suggests solutions for the translation of culture-specific metaphors, especially when they have religious reference, as the translators tended to translate them literally, which resulted in producing absurd images that create flaws in the semantics of the utterance.

THE ALGERIAN SCHOLAR, SHEIKH SIDI MUHAMMAD BELKABIR, AND HIS EFFORTS IN TEACHING THE QUR’AN AND SHARIA SCIENCES

The Professor Sheikh Sidi Muhammad Belkabir، may God have mercy on him (1911 AD - 2000 AD) is considered one of the most prominent contemporary scholars in Algeria due to his efforts during the Algerian liberation revolution and after independence in the field of teaching the Noble Qur’an, the Arabic language and various legal sciences, which contributed effectively to preserving the Algerian national identity and supplying mosques Algeria with imams, teachers of the Qur’an، and those in charge of education. And on the occasion of the death of the scholar, Sheikh Sidi Mohamed Belkabir, on the fifteenth of September, Algeria chose this day to be a national day of the imam of Algeria, as the president of the Republic, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, signed a presidential decree that includes the demarcation of September 15 as a “national day for the imam" The latest issue of the Official Gazette No. 40 included Presidential Decree No. 22-214 dated 8 Dhu al-Qi’dah 1443 corresponding to 8 June 2022. The demarcation of September 15 includes a national day for the imam. And it came in the speech of the President of the Republic on this occasion: “The demarcation of a day for the imam is a title of the meanings of gratitude، originality and loyalty, and its association with the death of one of the most prominent imams of Algeria, whose rich lives are full of lessons, and examples and sermons are taken from them, Sheikh Sidi Mohamed Belkabir, may God Almighty have mercy on him .. It is the title of acknowledgment of the merit to his family, as Sheikh Sidi Muhammad Belkabir, may God have mercy on him, was an extension of the chain of the honorable scholarly chain of transmission, which is embroidered with the likes of our masters: Prince Abdul Qadir, Ahmed Al-Tijani, Sidi Abi Madian Al-Ghawth, Al-Maghili, Al-Akhdari, Abd AlRahman Al-Tha’alabi، and Ibn Badis, Tfayyesh, al-Maqri, and other prominent imams who abound in the pages of scientific and cultural history in Algeria, and in many Islamic countries to which their scientific virtues extended According to the same decree، this day is celebrated every year across the entire national territory through various demonstrations and religious activities. In recognition of the imam's status and position and his scientific, cultural and social role in consolidating the bases of religious reference and strengthening national identity.

The Sacred in Stories Symbol and Stakes of Meaning

This research paper relates to the short story, genre, charter and categories in which it has flexibility to open up to other types; Rather, in it, there are compatible references in dictionary, different in appearance, which may indicate chaos in the construction and harm the sacred in the essence of its meaning and the regularity of its significance. However, the narration of discourse has also, its system when the text is rendered from the symbol, and the sacred is transformed from its religious reference to an interpretive context in the collective imagination and perception of reality. Storytelling is born from stories in “palimpsests” and contrary to interpretation; the second establishes the model and the first turns to undermining what the “first newspapers” were born on, changes in structure, meaning and words in its lexicon limits to take place in a different view of the universal laws. All this chaos in the system was summed up in a narrative model entitled "Youssef.. The beautiful, perishable little Youssef" by the Syrian writer Zakaria Tamer, from his collection tagged "The Tigers on the Tenth Day"; the choice is justified by the following objectives: 1. Organization of universal texts in religion and culture within a literary genre shorthand is one of its most prominent features; 2.The order and chaos in this story and its semantic dimensions; 3.The logic of construction between the threshold and the text, the scene and the impact and the foundational text and the change of meaning.

الاغتيالات السياسية للمعارضين العراقيين 1974-1977 (تصفية رجال الدين وانتفاضة خان النص انموذجاً)

Abstract This research reviewed the political liquidations of the Iraqi opponents , including the clergy , and what are the reasons and motives that led the Baath party to take repressive measures against the Islamic movement in Iraq and the increased pursuit by the Baath authorities of religious science students belonging to the Islamic Dawa party and the initiative to arrest them like the martyrs of the grip of guidance , and stipulated the need to eliminate the religious reference as the major obstacle in the march of the Baath party , and what are the reactions of the religious reference and the Iraq street towards these arrests. This research also reviewed the liquidation of the khan al-nass uprising 1977 and the decisions to prevent the exit of foot marches to karbala and the challenge and insistence of visitors to march towards karbala. Keywords: Arrest - repression - foot marches - political assassinations - betrayal of the text

Penguatan Moderasi Beragama di Madura melalui Jejaring Sosial Keagamaan Pesantren

Abstract: This study examines the strengthening of religious moderation in Madura through religious social networks of pesantren. There are two research questions discussed in this study, how are the dynamics of religious moderation in Madura? How to strengthen religious moderation in Madura through pesantren religious social networks? This study is a literature review that uses qualitative research. Sources and types of data in this study are secondary data, especially data from the literature. By analyzing based on the perspective of social networking theory from John Arundel Barnes, this study finds that in the culture of the Madurese community, pesantren is an institution of da'wah and religious education that has a major role and influence in shaping the religious reality of the community. The magnitude of the influence of the pesantren is clearly reflected in the Islamic patterns and behavior of the Madurese community who always make the pesantren a religious reference, both in thought and ritual. In terms of strengthening religious moderation in Madura, pesantren has a strategic role and function. Apart from having a high social position, Islamic boarding schools also have quite strong tools and social capital. The social capital is in their religious social network which is widespread throughout the Madura area. The concept of social networking here refers to the main elements in the religious structure of pesantren. The main elements include Kiai, santri, and finally Islamic organizations, in this case, the Nahdatul Ulama (NU) organization.

Managing population diversity and peaceful coexistence in Qatar in light of the objectives of Qatari migration in the alliance of civilizations

Qatar has the highest percentage of migrant workers in the world, reaching 86.6% of its total population which is approximately 2.76 million people in mid-2018. Qatar has been keen to manage this population diversity to achieve peaceful coexistence as a prominent civilized goal that humanity seeks, according to its religious reference, civil laws and procedures that are in line with the international treaties and conventions it has ratified, and in light of the objectives of migration as an area of Alliance between Civilizations.
 This topic has been chosen based on the State of Qatar's success to obtain the first regional place and global advanced degrees in the Global Peace Index (IEP) and in the Global Database Nambio Encyclopedia Index in the last decade of the 21st century. As the State of Qatar has a great record in the field of coexistence and peace, which is part of its internal and external policy in a world full of conflicts, this study attempts to assess the migration experience in the State of Qatar and focuses on the field of migration as the main factor in the existence of population diversity in the State of Qatar.

Monologue references in Maqamat al-Zamakhshari

In the studies, I clarified the cultural references within the language of internal dialogue - the monologue - that used shrines of Zamakhshari and the composition of the research plan of a boot devoted to clarifying the concept of reference, monologue, biography of Zamakhshari, and three sections. The first topic was studied the religious reference, and the second on historical reference and in the third topic, the literary and grammatical reference was studied, as well as the function and importance of dialogue through cultural references. One of the most prominent results of the research is that the monologue is based on three references: the religious, historical, literary and linguistic reference, which expressed the capacity of the writer's culture in various sciences such as religion, language, literature and performances, and the various technical levels within the references such as rhythm, rhetoric and composition appeared, and the language of dialogue was clear and free of stranger and used the style of appeal and interrogation, as this style of dialogue was appeared in Arabic literature before its appearance in the literature of the world.

Aesthetics of Byzantine Christian Art

The current study addressed the study of (The aesthetics of Byzantine Christian art). Its problem was identified by answering the following question: What are the aesthetics of Christian art represented by the Byzantine icon? Also, it aims to (recognize the aesthetics of Byzantine icon art). The research community was identified to achieve the goal, which consisted of icons and religious drawings that the researchers could count as a framework for the research community after collecting pictures of the subject from foreign and Arab sources and Internet sites. The sample was drawn according to the following reasons: a) It covers the temporal and spatial limits of the research and what fits with the data to achieve the goal, b) Diversity of technical methods adopted in drawing icons and c) The study sample models witnessed a diversity of contents and ideas. The research study reached the following conclusions. First, they borrow iconographic products, religious images and semantic symbols related to the Christian tradition and employ them through analytical visual inferences, in harmony with the structural and structural treatments of the elements and organizational foundations. Second, the products of icon art are associated with the nature of the transition from the tangible to the ideal and in line with the loading of the composition structure with an expressive energy, explaining the necessity of interpretation of religious discourse, and defining the operational vision with a clear dramatic sense. Third, the iconographic models depend on philosophical data supporting the religious meaning carried in them and giving endless explanations for the public discourse affecting the functionality of (idea) or (event). Fourth, the models of iconographic art are close to the nature of the functional induction of spiritual and sacred tendencies. At the level of deep interpretations accompanying visual forms with a clear aesthetic impact, we find that icon art carries with it religious reference effects related to the sacred. Lastly, Icon art invests in accumulating aesthetic knowledge to produce the artistic image and summons the largest possible amount of data affecting its formulation and output.

Regresi Moderasi dan Narasi Keagamaan di Sosial Media

[MODERATION REGRESSION AND RELIGIOUS NARRATIVE IN SOCIAL MEDIA, MAINSTREAMING FACTS AND STRATEGIES] This paper discusses the decline of religious moderation in Indonesia and strategies to neutralize and restore religious moderation. The decline is seen through the decreasing level of tolerance both within and between religions and the growing numbers of religious intolerance narratives on various social media platforms. This is qualitative research by using secondary data produced by credible research institutions. This research found that the regression of religious moderation in Indonesia is a fact and social media has contributed significantly to the spread of intolerance narrative; in addition, social media has become a new religious reference, replacing the conventional authority. This study also sees the central role of educational institutions and civil society in restoring the spirit of religious moderation in Indonesia, also it finds the central role of stakeholders to work collaboratively across sectors.

ФОРМУВАННЯ РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19: ДОСВІД ТУРЕЧЧИНИ І УКРАЇНИ

With the global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the states’ policy for religion has become visible in numerous forms that were bound to differ. It thus merits to reflect on how both the pandemic itself and the various government responses are likely to shape the role of religion in the society. This paper seeks to shed light on how rationally public authorities manage the COVID-19 outbreak process with regard to religious sphere in case of Turkey and Ukraine. The study follows a content-analysis research design, and the data obtained derive from official statements made by relevant policy-makers and religious leaders in Turkey and Ukraine and available from open data sources.From analyzing statements with a reference to the COVID-19 and made by the targeted officials and religious leaders in Turkey and Ukraine, we can trace (1) how the narrative of public authorities to religion has been shaping over the pandemic, and (2) how religious organizations respond to governmental decisions. Against the background of the quite frequent reference to the theme of COVID-19, religious issues do not appear so often on policy-makers’ agenda. In case of Turkey, religious times do not have a meaningful influence on religiosity in the discourses, and persons remain their general parlance, while for Ukraine we record a clear correlation of religious reference dynamics with highly intensive religious times.We can find that local religious background affects religious policy in emergency situations such as pandemic. When it comes to Turkey, Diyanet as a public body intertwined with political power may embrace a parallel attitude with it and keep control over religious affairs effectively. As for Ukraine, its current religious environment makes public decisions related to religious organizations rather vague and causes some uncertainty. In this regard, the authorities need to scrutinize their contribution when introducing some public regulations to limit activities of religious organizations on the grounds of both justice and policy effectiveness. They should strike a balance between minimizing religious disruption and respecting religious rights and freedoms. The COVID-19 pattern proves an importance of the relevant agency in the sphere of religion as a driver in a full-fledged dialogue with public authorities and religious organizations.

Thymoquinone harbors protection against Concanavalin A-induced behavior deficit in BALB/c mice model.

Global health estimates indicated approximately 322 million people living with depression. Rising cost of depressive illness treatment and non-responsiveness to existing therapies demand continued research to explore new and more potent therapies. Exploring the potential of natural compounds for their potent antidepressant potentials is becoming topic of interest for scientists. Anti-inflammatory activity of thymoquinone, the active ingredient of Nigella sativa, has been well documented. Current study tested thymoquinone for its antidepressant effect in a Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced depressive-like behavior in BALB/c mice. Thymoquinone successfully protected against Con A-induced behavioral despair and anxiety-like behavior. Reduced grooming behavior as a function of Con A treatment, was also reinstated. Underlying mechanism responsible for antidepressant activity of thymoquinone was analyzed by molecular docking. Thymoquinone interacts in halogen-binding pocket (HBP) of serotonin reuptake transporter indicating its potential as serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Results of current study anticipate thymoquinone as a potential antidepressant drug candidate. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Black seeds of Nigella sativa are consumed with traditional and religious reference since centuries. Thymoquinone, active, and abundant component of Nigella sativa, has shown positive effects in multiple studies against arthritis, asthma, hepatic injury, neurodegeneration, and cancer owing to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory attributes. Considering inflammation as one of central components involved in pathophysiology of major depressive disorder, thymoquinone has been evaluated in current study for its antidepressant potential. Positive results of current study propose thymoquinone as an affordable, natural antidepressant drug candidate with better safety profile than currently available antidepressant regimes. Thymoquinone might provide benefits against inflammation-related sickness behavior that is associated with poorer outcome of clinical depression, thus, paving the way for effective drug development against treatment-resistant depression.

Abbâsȋler Döneminin İlk Mehdisi Muhammed b. Abdullah ve Onun Mehdiliği ile İlgili Rivayetlerin Değerlendirilmesi

Tarih ve hadis kaynaklarımızda adaleti yeryüzüne hâkim kılacak kurtarıcı kişiyi ifade eden mehdinin farklı özelliklerini belirten rivayetler mevcuttur. “İsmi ismime, babasının ismi babamın ismine uygun” şeklinde tarif edilen mehdi hadisinin tarihte ilişkilendirildiği ilk kişi, Hz. Hasan’ın torunlarından “Nefsü’z-Zekiyye” lakaplı Muhammed b. Abdullah’tır. Böylece o, Abbâsî Devleti’ndeki ilk mehdi olarak kaynaklara yansımıştır. İlk defa Mugîre b. Saîd tarafından ona mehdi denildiği ve onun ilgili rivayeti delil olarak getirdiği görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla rivayetin Şiî eğilimli kaynaklara girişinin kaynağı burası olmalıdır. Öte taraftan aynı rivayetler, Üçüncü Abbâsî Halifesi Muhammed b. Abdullah için de kullanılmıştır. Hatta onun Mehdi lakabı kaynaklarımızda adının önüne geçmiştir. Böylece rivayetimiz Sünnî kaynaklarda da görülmeye başlamış ve hadis kaynaklarında ilgili mehdi rivayetleri yerini almıştır. Sünnî kaynaklarda konumuzla ilgili olan mehdi rivayetleri, Ebû Dâvud ve Tirmizî’nin sünenlerinde ve başka hadis kaynaklarında geçmektedir. Dört farklı şekilde gördüğümüz hadis rivayetlerinin senetleri genel itibariyle zayıftır. Hasen olduğu kabul edilen bir rivayetin senedindeki Ebü’n-Nücûd Âsım b. Behdele’nin iyi bir kıraat âlimi olmakla birlikte hadisçiliğinde ihtilaf vardır. Konumuzla ilgili mehdi rivayeti birçok tarih kaynağımızda nakledilmiştir. Ancak bunun, bazı tarihçiler tarafından Muhammed Nefsü’z-Zekiyye, bazıları tarafından ise Üçüncü Abbâsî Halifesi Muhammed b. Abdullah ile ilişkilendirilmesi dikkat çekmektedir. Hatta söz konusu rivayetin Abbâsî Halifesi Müstekfî’nin oğlu Ebü’l-Hasan Muhammed b. Abdullah için de kullanıldığı ifade edilmiştir. Bu durum da hadis ilmi açısından zayıf olan rivayetin, tarihin farklı dönemlerinde siyasete malzeme olarak kullanıldığını açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.

CREATIVE STORIES FROM A MEMORY CARE COMMUNITY: VALUES, NORMS, IDENTITIES, AND EXPERIENCES

As an arts-based, creative storytelling program for persons living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias (ADRD), TimeSlips involves a facilitator showing a picture to participants, who then exercise their imagination to create a story. The program has shown to benefit participants’ well-being, possibly because of the opportunity to express themselves. Although they may reflect participants’ values and identities, the content of such stories had not been the focus of investigation. The aim of this study is, therefore, to identify major themes of such stories through a qualitative content analysis. We implemented a creative storytelling program at Silverado Onion Creek Memory Care Community (currently, The Auberge) in Austin, and offered 6 weekly sessions with 4 small groups of residents. A total of 26 residents participated in the study, creating 24 collective stories in total. Three researchers first open-coded these stories and then met to reach consensus concerning the themes that emerged. Ten themes were identified: family values, generativity, religious reference, reference to love, reference to home, cultural norms, uncertainty and worries, positivity, negativity, and dissonance and disagreements. The first 6 themes represent the values, beliefs, and norms of the participants, with the remaining 4 reflecting their personal identities, personalities, and experiences. The findings suggest that they continue to value families and religion, care about others, and make judgements about people, things, and circumstances that they face. Researchers, practitioners, and care partners can benefit from “listening to” creative storytellers more closely to learn about their opinions, expectations, and preferences.

The Devil's First Advocate

In this work, I analyze John Milton's Paradise Lost through Milton's use of allegory, allusion, and religious archetypes alike and hypothesize the implications of said techniques of writing as a more synchronistic view held by Milton in this particular work, as Milton never abides by one singular religious context or reference to coinciding cultures of the time, but appears to borrow all at will indiscriminately, as if to hint at a greater connection between each.

ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE ÖZ-DENETİM

The research group of this study which aims to examine the effects of yonlu self-control indeki on university students who will play important roles in the development of our country, which has a significant positive / negative effect on physiological and psychological health, refers to the balance in the inner world of human and thus can be associated with happiness. In the fall semester of the 2019 academic year, a total of 220 students (88 (40%) female and 132 (60%) male) were selected by random sampling from Yozgat Bozok University. The data obtained by using “Personal Information Form” and “Self-Control Scale frekans were used in the SPSS program for frequency, arithmetic mean, standard deviation; After one sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis data were not normally distributed, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H analyzes were performed with the significance level p <0.05 and the following results were obtained: The overall self-control of the sample was moderate; Self-regulation has a negative effect on daily engagement time with communication tools, positive meaningful difference on the level of finding life meaningful and taking religious reference in life; gender, geographical region and place of residence did not reach the significance level of the difference between variables

Eksistensi dan Konsep Syifa’ dalam Tafsir Fakhrudin Al-Razi

The Qur'an is a holy book of Muslims in which it discusses various things, both relating to world affairs or the afterlife. Al quran is a comprehensive book so that all problems can be found in this holy book. One of the issues discussed in the Qur'an is Syifa 'or medicine, a variety of interpreter experts examine efforts to reveal the meaning of syifa’ contained in the Qur'an, trying to understand the contents of the meaning in each Syifa word. 'One of the leaders who tried to understand this was Fakhrudin Ar Razi. This study will examine the Syifa concept 'according to Fakhrudin Ar Razi, using a qualitative approach, observing religious reference sources or literature studies that are directly related to the theme and title and focus of the researcher's research. The results of the study found that there were various words in the Qur'an which had the same meaning as Syifa 'namely Bur'ah and Salamah. In addition, according to Ar Razi, the purpose of the word Syifa 'is human, therefore Syifa’ in the Qur'an is intended as a remedy for human jism to maintain human health, heal and strengthen one's body and soul globally which is also beneficial for its environment.

Meanings and Implications of Civil State from an Islamic Perspective

This study aimed to assess the term ‘civil state‘ by considering its origin, concept, as well as its most important principles. The focus was also to see the term’s consistency or inconsistency with the religion of Islam, or «whether the state in Islam is civil or religious». The study used the inductive descriptive method through tracking some Islamic evidence and contemporary jurisprudence opinions in this regard. The study pointed out that Islam started the notion of civil state long time ago before the Western civilization by calling for most of the essence of such principles called for by the West , although sometimes these principles are loosely used by the West. Also, sometimes western principles are not practiced in reality. However, most of them do not contradict the purposes of Islamic law if not called for by the Islam itself. In addition, Islam does not stop Muslims from benefiting from the civilization and cultural experiences of others, as long as that is in compliance with Islamic laws, and is intended to achieve the interests and progress of society. It is also possible to apply such experiences in our Islamic countries under the Islamic laws instead of indulging in a vicious circle of different ideological and sectarian conflicts that imposed heavy losses to the nation. The study concluded that there is no religious state «theocracy» of the Western meaning in Islam. The concept of ‘state’ in Islam is civil in terms of authority, religious in terms of legislation; or it is civil with religious reference. The study also indicated some obstacles and difficulties that hinder the application of such systems in our Arab and Islamic countries. Keywords: Civil state, Civil state in Islam, Islam’s view of civil state.

MUHAMMAD YASIN AL-FADANI DAN KONSTRIBUSINYA DALAM SANAD KEILMUAN ULAMA NUSANTARA

This article studies on an expert of hadith, Muhammad Yasin al-Fadani, and his contribution toward sanad of Indonesian scholars (ulama). This study is important to see the dynamic hadith study in Indonesia in which had been less attention in 17-20 centuries, and had more attention after Muhammad Yasin al-Fadani performed by bringing knowledge of sanad until Rasullullah saw. Muhammad Yasin al-Fadani is an expert of hadith in Indonesia having some degrees such as Bakhr al-‘ulu&gt;m (knowledge ocean), ‘Alam al-Di&gt;n (religious reference), Musnid al-Hijaz (expert of sanad from Hijaz land), and the most popular degree is musnid al-Dunnya ‘ala&gt; al-It}laq (ulama of sanad expert in the world)&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Muhammad Yasin Al-Fadani, sanad of ulama, Hadith study, Islam in Indonesia