Religious Belief Systems Research Articles

Pluralism is not Enough for Tolerance. Philosophical and Psychological Reflections on Pluralism and Tolerance

The issue of religious tolerance is increasingly raised in a globalized world with societies becoming more and more religiously diverse and inhomogeneous. Religious tolerance can be defined as the practice of accepting others as acting in accordance with their religious belief system. Philosophers have recently begun to study more thoroughly the relationship between religious pluralism and religious (in)tolerance with a main focus on the epistemic question of whether the recognition of and reflection on religious pluralism might lead to greater religious tolerance. The major thrust of this idea is that any genuine reflection of a person about her epistemic peers adhering to other religions will weaken the person’s epistemic justificatory basis for believing that her own religious beliefs are better warranted than the religious beliefs of her peers.
 The rational consequence of the recognition of this justificatory fact, in turn, should lead to more religious tolerance and to a weakened dismissive attitude towards adherents of other religions. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the plausibility of this account against the background of existing empirical, in particular psychological literature: Does increased contact with adherents of other religious traditions indeed lead to more tolerance? How are we able to show a deeper understanding for people with different religious beliefs and to take on—at least partially—their perspective? What are potential psychological obstacles to these achievements? Resources from research on intergroup toleration, social identity-theories, developmental psychology and personality traits will be used for tackling these questions. This shall help to broaden the so far rather narrow epistemic philosophical perspective on religious pluralism and (in)tolerance by embedding it into the larger context of constitutive traits of the human psyche.

Religions in Shakespeare’s Writings, Edited by David V. Urban

Shakespeare’s engagement with the issue of religion is complex. There can never be an overarching system of religious belief extracted from his writings; instead, there are religions, as demonstrated by vigorous scholarship in recent decades, among which the present collection is a very good example. Fifteen essays appearing first in the journal Religions in 2018 and 2019 are reprinted, preceded by an introduction by the editor. Together they present a complex overview of Shakespeare’s creative use of religious references that can best be summarised, as in the collection’s title, with the plural form ‘religions’. Leading the essays is John D. Cox’s richly informed review of current studies in this field, unveiling a sizeable proportion of scholarly attention paid to tensions between religions in Shakespeare, a point also highlighted in David V. Urban’s introduction. Indeed, Shakespeare’s use of religious elements often results in a paradox. To begin with, certain ambiguities in the plays allow contestations between different religions. Grace Tiffany explores how Shakespeare reforms pagan images and ideas and makes them attain Christian (Calvinist in particular) meanings. As Tiffany argues, Shakespeare’s evocations of Diana, the pagan goddess of virginity, present the playwright favouring marital blessings over celibacy. Marriage takes on different meanings in Benjamin Lockerd’s article, which locates the contestation of religions in Hamlet as between the heretical beliefs of the Albigensians and orthodox Christianity. The Albigensians believe the human flesh to be evil because it belongs to the physical world created by an evil god; therefore, marriage and procreation should be avoided as they bring more sinners to the world. Lockerd argues that such is the message Hamlet hints at when expressing disgust at his bodily existence and when telling Ophelia ‘we will have no more marriage’ (3.1.147). Yet, in the end, the Danish prince claims his love towards Ophelia and asks for pardon before the duel, signalling his possible acceptance of Christian love and forgiveness. Lockerd’s reading further consolidates Hamlet as a hesitant and unsure prince. Equally hesitant is Othello, who shifts back and forth between his Muslim origin and Christian identities, as disclosed in Debra Johanyak’s article. Johanyak argues that Othello’s resorts to punishments on the adulteress resemble those in the Sharia practice. Slapping Desdemona in public can be seen as a symbolic action of 100 lashes on adulterers in the Qur’an, and the final killing of her comes from the desire to restore honour to his name. Yet, Johanyak also shows that Othello does not take action without inner struggles. Also very useful is Johanyak’s account of possible sources of Muslim knowledge accessible to Shakespeare.

Ethics for educational research in regions of protracted armed conflict and crisis: a participatory community project in the Lake Chad region

Abstract This paper critically considers the ethics of conducting community-based participatory research, which engages community members, including young people, as active participants in research about them, in the context of the protracted armed conflict and crisis of the Lake Chad region. We highlight the intersection of cultural practices and religious belief systems prevalent in this context, which further deepens the complexities arising from researching populations experiencing protracted armed conflict and crisis. This raises the possibilities of understanding research ethics in such contexts via the lens of a postcolonial frame. Using participatory photography allowed engagement in face-to-face collaborative data collection. In doing so, the research team was able to pay attention to verbal and non-verbal dimensions arising from community engagement, which supported learning about the community’s positions and needs as a resource for thinking about how these might need accommodation in the project. It is not straightforward to lead this kind of project as researchers based in the Global North in terms of deciding what is right and what research practices would be considered just, compassionate, and trustworthy in these contexts. The approach taken was to distribute leadership in the project to include local actors such as NGOs working at local levels, community leaders (traditional and religious), as well as to draw on in-country research teams and the members of each of the participating communities. We argue that a more nuanced understanding about how to mitigate identified ethical concerns has implications for enhancing community-based research, especially when researching similar populations.

Against the Religious Neutrality Requirement

AbstractOne element of the liberal ideal of secularity is the principle that the state should treat religions neutrally: This is the religious neutrality requirement. Applied to religious belief systems, the principle stipulates that the state should not take a position on whether or not a certain religion is true. I challenge this ideal and argue that teachers in public schools sometimes need to take a position on religious truth claims in order to avoid the risk of promoting false beliefs. I then argue that not acting to avert these implications is sufficiently costly to justify the abandonment of this requirement.

Barriers to HIV testing among transgender women and men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract Background Accessing HIV testing services is a challenge for transgender women and men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa. Only a little about this issue has been understood and discussed. No systematic review exists that discusses barriers to HIV testing among transgender women and MSM on the regional level. Methods We systematically searched databases namely MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Google Scholar to identify qualitative studies that reported decision-making and/or experiences with HIV testing uptake among transgender women or MSM and that were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa between January 2005 and March 2020. Two independent authors performed the selection, extraction, and thematic analysis of data. Results Twelve out of 794 studies were found eligible and included for synthesis. The synthesis led to the development of a framework illustrating multi-level, inter-related barriers to HIV testing. Couple-based HIV testing policies, criminalizing same-sex behaviors, and (health) governance being influenced by traditional religious (Islamic or Christianity) belief systems were the barriers at the regional level. Discriminatory practices in the communities and health institutions were the community-specific barriers. Interpersonal barriers included interactions with healthcare providers leading to forced disclosure and/or discrimination, and individual level barriers included fears and depressive thoughts, and poor healthcare access. Conclusions We identified policies and practices at the regional and country levels that hindered HIV testing practices among transgender women and MSM, which should be reconsidered while providing HIV prevention services to people of gender-minority backgrounds. We also think that countries from the global west do have a responsibility to question the sovereignty of some African countries for their inability to provide optimal health care to gender minority populations. Key messages

Legacy of co-existence between rhino and people in a protected area in India

Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary in the Indian state of Assam has the highest density of the globally threatened greater one-horned rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis) in the world. The sanctuary constitutes an area of 38.81 km.., which is relatively small for the rhino habitation. The contest for space and resources as a consequence, often triggers the megaherbivore...s movement in the fringe areas of human settlements. Interestingly, the episodes of the human-rhino conflict are less contrary to the existing situation, which this paper aims to explore by understanding the community...s perception towards wildlife, particularly the rhino. The five study villages and respondents were selected based on purposive sampling. The study highlights the role of attitudes, environmental ethics and, religious belief systems of the community while providing a space for co-existence for wildlife, which is a central issue today in conservation science and policy.

Развитие религиозных верований тувинцев в условиях глобализации

The article reveals the dialectics of the historical development of the religious faith of the Tuvans in the dialogue of autochthonous and European cultures. The results of a pilot online survey of the population of the Republic of Tyva, conducted in January 2022, in which 759 people took part, are presented. The survey was conducted as part of the search for confirmation of the hypothesis about the presence of transforma-tional processes in the system of religious belief of Tuvans under the influence of the processes of modernization and globalization. The results revealed contradictions in the ideas of modern Tuvans about religion, operating with a substantial understand-ing of God and a distorted understanding of Buddhist lexicology. In addition, super-ficial adherence to religious and cultural traditions by modern Tuvans was revealed. The features of the dynamic development of the religious faith of modern Tuvans are revealed. The reasons for the age linear dependence in the world view of the re-spondents are analyzed, in which the older generations remain committed to the Marxist dialectical-materialist worldview system and at the same time show a desire for a deeper study of the autochthonous religious tradition. Respondents under 18 turned out to be a special age category, since their understanding reveals a radically different interpretation of religious concepts and systems. The influence of the atheis-tic model of Marxism, which does not go beyond the boundaries of the substantial theistic picture of the world, on the development of the Tuvan cultural and historical tradition is emphasized. The prospects for conducting philosophical and anthropolog-ical studies of the religious system of the Tuvan cultural and historical tradition are outlined.

Evangelical Organizations’ Responses to Domestic Violence: How the Cultural Production of Religious Beliefs Challenges or Enshrines Patriarchy

Background A significant body of research has established the central role of religion in creating and preserving cultural beliefs about gender. But existing studies have tended to focus more on the multiplicity and flexibility of religious beliefs about gender, and less on the ways in which the cultural production of varying religious beliefs about gender can involve active conflict. Attending to the institutional processes that shape the production of competing beliefs is important for considering how religion can challenge or enshrine patriarchy. Purpose This paper examines how religiously formed beliefs about gender are produced through organizational conflict to shape varying public responses to survivors of domestic violence. Methods The paper employs a qualitative, comparative research design to analyze the public discourse of two evangelical organizations that were founded to produce and promote two competing gender ideologies in the contemporary evangelical movement: complementarianism and egalitarianism. Analyzing the public discourse of the Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood and Christians for Biblical Equality from 1987 to 2018, I coded for the ways in which both their beliefs about creation, sin, and submission and their references to one another's ideologies shape their different attention to abused women's experiences. Results Christians for Biblical Equality both presents domestic violence as a distortion of God-ordained equality and critiques patriarchal theology for contributing to domestic violence. The Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood both presents domestic violence as a distortion of God-ordained male authority and defends their ideology against criticisms that it promotes abuse. This intersection of beliefs and organizational conflict results in either centering or pivoting away from abused women's experiences. Conclusions and Implications This study illustrates the importance of examining how the institutional processes that produce hegemonic and alternative religious belief systems about gender are marked by the negotiation of both organizational and gendered power. In making this argument, the paper contributes to our understanding of how religiously formed cultural belief systems can challenge or reinforce patriarchy.

The Conflict of sexuality in Films: Analysis of Nollywood depiction of Homosexuality

This study addresses a sensitive subject in the context of the socio-cultural, political, legal and religious opposition to homosexual groups in Nigeria. It addresses the social depictions, honest portrayal, and conflicts between heterosexual and homosexual characters based on sexuality in Nollywood films. The study adopted a quantitative content analysis of twenty (20) Nollywood films. The study revealed that homosexual characters are depicted as physiologically, psychologically, socially and spiritually misfits. However, the film producers made an educational effort in exposing practices seen as offensive to societal norms and values. Further findings reveal that homosexual characters are portrayed as morally negative. This demonstrates the truism of the normative hypothesis that media take colouration of society in which they are situated. Finally, the study revealed a high level of perceptual conflict of non-acceptance, stigmatisation, rejection and prohibited reaction by heteronormative characters towards homosexuals based on their sexuality. In this sense, the Nollywood films examined by this study illustrate unwelcome, stereotypic, anti-social and homophobic narratives of homosexual characters that align with Nigerian society's social, civil, cultural, and religious belief systems. It is recommended that well-researched based content on sexual minorities beyond the depiction of the social position on their sexuality to more issues relating to the causal factors and ways of addressing such sexuality should be more focused on since in it has been marked as a crime in Nigeria.

Religion and Help-Seeking: Theological Conservatism and Preferences for Mental Health Assistance

Religious affiliation and attendance have been shown to affect various facets of mental health, including the willingness to seek mental health assistance; however, little is known about how theological beliefs influence people’s assessments of religious and secular mental health assistance options. Prior research using theological conservatism (beliefs about scripture, sin, and salvation) has conceptualized this perspective as being a schema in which the dimensions operate in tandem. Nonetheless, given the personalized nature of mental health, this study has conceptualized this perspective as three interrelated, but distinctly different dimensions of a religious belief system. Using data from the NORC General Social Survey’s (GSS) 2006 and 2018 waves (N = 2563), this study enlists a fruitful but underutilized approach to gauging perceptions of mental health assistance through the use of situational vignettes that prompt survey respondent appraisals of different sets of circumstances and various possible solutions. This study finds some support for the hypothesis that predicted theological conservatism would be associated with a more favorable view of religious support for mental health as opposed to secular sources of assistance; there was also considerable support for the hypothesis that the salvation dimension of this worldview would exhibit an influence apart from the scripture and sin dimensions. This investigation sheds light on an understudied facet of religion in relation to receptivity toward distinctive forms of mental health treatment and highlights potential directions for future research.

Ecological degradation in Cho. Dharman's novel Sool

Sool Cho Dharman has registered the lives of Karisal (land) people. It is mainly on how an age gone generation have lived their lif e which is depends on their practical knowledge on nature. He has collected information on how people of the karisal land have worshiped their ancestress in their religious belief system and how they have maintained their ethical values. He has transformed this information into the fictional theme of his novel, Sool. Through this novel one could read how UrulaikKudi people once have lived their lives one with nature. Now they have lost their traditional knowledge, and their life which is very much imbedded in their ethical values. Hence, the novel represents the decadence of ancient way of life with its traditional knowledge system. Subsequently such decadence of living has also lead to destruction of environmental resources such as reservoirs, natural irrigational system and ethnic seeds and trees. Traditional works such as pottery, traditional medicine, palm tree related products and its works, carpentry are also jeopardised by loss of such living. When new foreign breeds of species are introduced here the ethnic breeds are vanished from the face of the earth. Hence, this article tries to showcase the issues and consequences of environmental decadence and the changing social life of karisal people through the novel Sool.

Penetrating xenophobic remoteness in interreligious encounters: Toward a pastoral praxis of befriending neighbouring in ‘pavement caregiving’ and ‘streetwise compassion’

Meeting the foreign and strange other should be viewed as a natural and inevitable feature of everyday life. When the other is endangering one’s comfort sones, especially in cases of ‘bread-and-butter’ questions, xenophobic fear sets in. Furthermore, when resistance is fuelled by fanatic expressions of religious self-maintenance or racial polarisation, xenophobic remoteness contributes to modes of discriminating suspicion, resistance of the strange other, even violent behaviour and forms of schismatic enmity. The concept of ‘befriending neighbouring’, based on the notion of compassionate being-with, could contribute to informal forms of friendship, the cornerstone for establishing ‘social coherence’. Thus, the question: How can convictions regarding the spiritual meaning of life and the content of religious belief systems, inspire faithful people to build bridges to one another within the normal circumstances of life? This article is a critical reflection on some of the basic presuppositions in some of the main religions and other philosophies of life, concerning the notion of compassion in caring for the strange other and the establishing of a more humane approach to the dynamics of everyday life.Contribution: Pastoral caregiving as a form of community care, should be directed by a praxis of befriending habitus and neighbourly outreach (pavement caregiving) within public spaces of voluntary, compassionate being-with the foreign other (streetwise compassion), in order to overcome discriminating forms of xenophobic remoteness.

Sociocultural insights on dementia care-giving in Arab and Muslim communities: the perspectives of family care-givers

AbstractLittle is known about the experiences of informal family care-giving for persons with ADRD in the context of Arab and Muslim communities. This paper offers fresh insight into the less-studied private sphere of the home, showing how families respond to the onset and long-term care of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). It considers the extent to which sociocultural and religious influences are appropriated by family care-givers as coping mechanisms and motivators for care. Drawing upon interviews with 32 family care-givers for older persons living with ADRD in Qatar, findings reveal the intersectionality of the care-giving experience with various sociocultural, religious and emotional influences through seven emergent themes: (a) reasons and motivations for care-giving; (b) role of the extended family; (c) socio-demographic attributes of care-givers, their allocated responsibilities and how these intersect; (d) socio-religious attitudes towards care-giving of older persons; (e) social stigma; (f) personal knowledge of ADRD; and (g) coping mechanisms. The paper is concluded with key implications of these sociocultural insights for theory, policy and practice, which could inform Qatar's health and social care provision sector as well as other Arab and Muslim communities that share similar cultural and religious belief systems.

Perspectives of Black Immigrant Women on Mental Health: The Role of Stigma.

Background:Black immigrants are a major growing segment of the United States population. The intersection of race, gender, and migration places black immigrant women at the confluence of multiple social determinants of health, and thus, black immigrant women experience ongoing mental health disparities. Understanding their perspectives, mental health needs, and associated stigma is critical to promoting positive mental health outcomes.Methods:We conducted five focus groups (N = 22) among women from two black immigrant community organizations from February 2019 to June 2019. We used an inductive driven thematic analysis to identify codes and themes related to mental health and the role of stigma.Results:Overall five core themes associated with mental health and associated stigma concepts were found: The critical role of trusted sources and confidentiality, Conceptualization of mental illness and anticipated discrimination, Acculturative influence and migration as a source of emotional distress, Spirituality as a source of support and source of stigma, and Management of mental illness and addressing stigma.Conclusion:The conceptualization of mental illness and the associated stigma may be rooted in cultural and religious belief systems among black immigrants. Cultural beliefs and biopsychosocial models can coexist positively without interrupting the pathway toward optimized engagement in mental health care. Our mental health systems need to take these factors into consideration to implement programs that effectively serve black immigrant women's mental health needs.

Need to Know the Tribes of Tamil Nadu

Tribes are those who have seen the evolving changes from the ancient ways of life and have regulated their lives. Their social organization culture and culture is found according to the context in which they live. The so-called tribes are variously called in Tamil. Politicians refer to them as savages, literati, hill people, rain people, Tolkudi, Mudukudi, Adigudi, Purvagudi, and Gandhians refer to Gandhi as Kirijan. The tribe is an educated social group. These are people who can consistently live in a common place. Speakers of the common dialect are those who have a common one-sided social morality. Followers of common ancestral beliefs panchayat systems and religious belief systems. The Fifth Principle of Sangam Literature shows that it was the hill people who formed the way of life and culture of the ancient Tamil community according to their landscape. Thus, the majority of the indigenous people are indigenous peoples with traditional cultural identities.

Entrepreneurial Practice in Trading on Javanese-Muslim Ethnicity and Chinese-Confucian Ethnicity in Kanoman Market, Cirebon City

In the practical realm, the market always provides room for contestation for the entrepreneurs involved in it. Likewise, in Kanoman Market, Cirebon City, this ethnic entrepreneurial contestation was represented by the two so-called ethnic groups, namely the Javanese-Muslim ethnicity and the Chinese-Confucian ethnicity. The contestation in the entrepreneurial field at Kanoman Market shows the dominance of confident entrepreneurs. For example, service entrepreneurs (corporate entrepreneurs) of Javanese ethnicity and entrepreneurs of essential commodities (trading entrepreneurs) are generally ethnic Chinese. The purpose of this study is to analyze the entrepreneurial contestation of Javanese-Muslim ethnicity and ethnic Chinese-Kunghucu at Kanoman Market, Cirebon. The research uses qualitative methods with an anthropological-economic approach. They are then equipped with data analysis to answer research questions. This study found that the entrepreneurial contestation of Javanese-Muslim and Chinese-Kunghucu ethnics in Kanoman Market, Cirebon City, the economic practices of the two ethnicities were carried out and shaped by the belief system of the community, whether influenced by the religious belief system adopted or the belief system sourced from ethnic values and the ethnic belief system. For this reason, in economic practice, especially in the contestation taking place in the market, the belief system forms its influence in accepting the Javanese-Muslim and Chinese-Kunghucu ethnicities on matters relating to the belief system they believe in. In their entrepreneurial practice, the two ethnic groups involve social capital and mystical capital, such as a network of associations and professional organizations, as well as mystical elements, such as prayer rituals and amulets of sellers.

Modern sciences in religious Iran: An assessment of the educated Iranians’ attitude toward biological evolution

It is often assumed that there is a confrontation between science and Islam, especially in religious communities. Biological evolution is often one of the constant sources of contention due to its metaphysical implications. Although there are some empirical data showing low acceptance of evolution and understanding its basic principles in Sunni-majority countries, there has been a categorical lack of data about Iran as the most influential Shiite-majority state. Therefore, in order to reach a better understanding of the culture and world-view of Iranians, we implemented two established questionnaires and phone interviews to assess educated Iranians’ attitude toward evolution. We reach an important conclusion, which is supported by extensive quantitative data obtained from two separate questionnaires, that most Iranians accept both underlying principles as well as controversial topics such as human evolution in a striking rate. Additionally, key concepts of evolution were greatly understood by a large fraction of our participants. Finally, the research exhibited that Iranians did not consider evolution and their religious belief system as two rival systems, regardless of identifying themselves as religious or non-religious individuals. To investigate the reason for this cultural phenomenon that is unique among major Islamic countries, we suggest that it is due to three reasons. Central national education system implementing evolutionary science at both high school and university levels, explosive accessibility of academic atmosphere for the public, and more science-friendly interpretation of Islam are thought to be responsible factors for such a high level of acceptance and understanding. This study has crucial implications for revisiting the nature of Science-Islam interaction among various Muslim communities, Shiite Iranians included.

NEW MEDIA: USE OF HOME REMEDIES FOR IMMUNITY BOOSTING BY COVID-19 PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN.

COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus that was first discovered in the Chinese city of Wuhan. Globally, the pandemic has resulted in significant mortality. There are many reasons why it could wreak havoc in developing countries like Pakistan. Such as demographic characteristics, an inadequate healthcare system, poverty, religious belief system, carelessness, and socio-cultural characteristics. The in-depth (N = 30) interviews were carried out with a purposive sampling technique to collect data from patients, their families, and peer groups. and 5 interviews with experienced healers were also included to further supplement the study. This research demonstrates that these underlying mechanisms that may make people more insecure in the face of an ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may include carelessness, misperception and confusion, multiple forms of health care, and importantly, some of the home remedies, etc. The new media is one of the main sources of such misunderstandings and misinformation. People become addicted to this type of media, especially during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The new media spread traditional remedies to counter COVID-19 and these remedies are being tested to treat COVID-19 patients because the country has a long history of using them to cure a variety of illnesses in the past. Moreover, critical information about coronavirus and preventive measures to improve immunity by using homemade, easily available ingredients is widely disseminated and the public receives and circulates the information through new media. Keywords: Home Remedies, social media, Immunity Boosting,

Why do women attend antenatal care but give birth at home? a qualitative study in a rural Ghanaian District.

The Sustainable Development Goal Three has prioritised reducing maternal, under-5 and neonatal mortalities as core global health policy objectives. The place, where expectant mothers choose to deliver their babies has a direct effect on maternal health outcomes. In sub-Saharan Africa, existing literature has shown that some women attend antenatal care during pregnancy but choose to deliver their babies at home. Using the Andersen and Newman Behavioural Model, this study explored the institutional and socio-cultural factors motivating women to deliver at home after attending antenatal care. A qualitative, exploratory, cross-sectional design was deployed. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 23 women, who attended antenatal care during pregnancy but delivered their babies at home, 10 health workers and 17 other community-level stakeholders. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. In line with the Andersen and Newman Model, the study discovered that traditional and religious belief systems about marital fidelity and the role of the gods in childbirth, myths about consequences of facility-based delivery, illiteracy, and weak women's autonomy in healthcare decision-making, predisposed women to home delivery. Home delivery was also enabled by inadequate midwives at health facilities, the unfriendly attitude of health workers, hidden charges for facility-based delivery, and long distances to healthcare facilities. The fear of caesarean section, also created the need for women who attended antenatal care to deliver at home. The study has established that socio-cultural and institutional level factors influenced women's decisions to deliver at home. We recommend a general improvement in the service delivery capacity of health facilities, and the implementation of collaborative educational and women empowerment programmes by stakeholders, to strengthen women's autonomy and reshape existing traditional and religious beliefs facilitating home delivery.

Management aspects of indigenous lands in environmental conservation

This study is intended to analyze the management aspects of indigenous lands in environmental conservation. This research applies qualitative grounded research methods from the sociology-anthropology-ecology—research shop in Riau Province. The results of the study found that many indigenous peoples had lost their indigenous lands and local wisdom. Therefore, to maintain the sustainability of indigenous land conservation, it is necessary to carry out eco-culture management by considering the following points: First, the right to self-determination regarding the cultural identity one has. The second is territorial rights and indigenous land. The third is collective human rights. Fourth is cultural rights. Fifth is the right to adhere to their own religious and moral belief system and values. Sixth is the right not to be discriminated. Seventh is the right to participate fully in the political process. Eighth is the right to obtain compensation for any activities that have a detrimental impact on the environment and social, cultural, spiritual and moral values. This eco-cultural management perspective needs to be implemented in the government’s socio-political policies, people’s economic policies and ecological sustainability policies.