Machine Reliability Research Articles

Методы диагностики обмотки статора асинхронных двигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором

Due to the widespread use of induction motors with a squirrel-cage rotor, the issue of increasing the reliability of machines of this type remains acute. According to statistics, the stator winding is the weakest node in terms of reliability. This article discusses various approaches to the diagnosis of the stator winding, which is seen as one of the main ways to improve the reliability of the machine. Such methods, as surge tests, monitoring of equivalent values of insulation parameters, diagnostics of partial discharges, and analysis of the response to a high-frequency discharge are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed to identify the most promising methods.

Increasing productivity of machine-tractor units depending on the influence of the load of the machine operator with maintenance work in the agricultural enterprises of the Omsk region

Increased productivity of machine-tractor units in the conditions of agricultural production is one of the most important and urgent tasks of the engineering and technical service of the agricultural sector. The greatest impact on machine reliability and performance indicators has a timely and good-quality maintenance. Fault tolerance is crucial to ensuring high machine productivity. The amount of maintenance work increases in proportion to the number of hours worked. Inadequate technical maintenance, leading to increased failure rates, reduced productivity and machine operating hours, and higher operating costs. Machine failures and downtime lead to disruptions in agricultural production technology, which leads to delays and loss of crops. This is a main contradiction that is inherent in the actual system of maintenance and use of machines, in the overlapping timing of their performance. Addressing the problem of increasing tractor uptime in the current environment is of particular importance and relevance. This can be achieved by reducing maintenance downtime by intensifying maintenance during the non-stressful period of fieldwork. It is therefore advisable to outsource part of the maintenance and repair work to specialised enterprises, since there, due to their high specialisation and technical equipment, the quality of such work will be higher than on the farm. Tractor uptime can also be improved through greater specialisation and intensification of maintenance operations by shifting them to non-stressful periods of fieldwork. The study proposes and theoretically substantiates the structure of technical service formation in agro-industrial enterprises. The main advantages of the proposed technical service system are discussed.

Reliability modeling and analysis of cycloid gear grinding machines based on the bootstrap-bayes method

To increase the reliability of cycloidal wheel grinding machines, reduce the failure rate of machine tools, and shorten maintenance times, a reliability modeling method for small-sample fault data is proposed based on the Bootstrap-Bayes method. The mean time between failures (MTBF) of a machine tool generally conforms to a Weibull distribution. Based on the historical fault information and similar fault information, the distribution function for the mean time between failures of a machine tool is determined. The fault information is expanded by the self-help method, and the two-parameter distribution interval of the distribution function is calculated by the Bayesian formula. An example reliability calculation for a cycloid gear grinding machine is given, including the failure analysis and maintenance methods of the gear grinding machine. This approach can also be used to simulate and analyze the reliability of other computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools.

Оптимальний комплекс операцій технічного обслуговування і ремонту для підвищення надійності вузлів, систем та агрегатів мобільних машин

The work examines the improvement of the forms and methods of organizing maintenance and repair systems of mobile machines in order to increase their reliability by optimizing diagnostic operations and monitoring the technical condition of their units, systems and units. The proposed centralized system of maintenance and repair of machines includes the principles of production and is characterized by the wide use of technological complexes of operations of the system of maintenance and repair of nodes, systems, aggregates and mobile machines as a whole. A comparison was made of the methodology for implementing the proposed maintenance and repair system and the world-famous RCM (Reliability-centered Maintenance) methodology, focused on a certain level of reliability. Schematics of the technological process of implementing a complex of maintenance and repair operations based on one-stage and multi-stage control of the technical condition of nodes, systems, aggregates and the mobile machine as a whole are presented. A decision-making algorithm has been developed for the processes of a complex of maintenance and repair operations. Clarified technological and information support of complexes of maintenance and repair operations of nodes, systems, units of mobile machines. The role of the operator-diagnostic in relation to the probability of receiving errors of the 1st and 2nd type of defects of parts, as well as the use of computerized workplaces, is revealed. It is shown how these factors affect the level of reliability of nodes, systems, aggregates and mobile machines as a whole. It was determined that in order to reduce the influence of the human factor on the results of the diagnosis of the presence or absence of defects and the distribution of nodes, systems, aggregates according to the technological routes of optimal complexes of maintenance and repair operations, consideration of the repair and maintenance system as an artificial cognitive system can help.

Reliability prediction of a mechatronic hydraulic drive at the early design stages

The article deals with the reliability of technological machines that use hydraulic feed drives. A priority task in mechanical engineering is the design of mechanical systems with higher stability, reliability, and performance. Various mechatronic systems are used to solve this problem, including mechatronic motion modules for hydraulic drives of technological machines. It is noted that the study of the reliability of mechatronic systems presents a special problem since the interaction of mechanical, hydraulic, and electronic systems gives rise to some new aspects of the theory of reliability. The main technical solutions for reliability incorporated in the design directly impact the machine's functional and economic characteristics. When predicting reliability at an early stage of design, there is the greatest uncertainty (entropy) in assessing the possible states of the machine. As an object of study, a mechatronic hydraulic drive is considered an electro-hydraulic motion module, which can be used in feed drives for heavy metal-cutting machines or industrial robots with a large load capacity. An important parametric characteristic of such a drive is the positioning accuracy of the working body, its stability, and the preservation of values within the specified limits over time. A review of the methodology for assessing and predicting the reliability of mechanical systems is carried out. It is noted that several statistical methods require the accumulation of test results for serial models or prototypes, but many important factors may not be taken into account. The purpose of this article is to obtain the results of predicting the parametric reliability of mechatronic hydraulic drives by using the method of expert assessments (rank correlation) at the early stages of design. This method is based on the ability of independent experts (qualified experts in the field) to provide useful information in the face of quantitative uncertainty. When setting the problem of predicting reliability, the factors that affect the positioning accuracy of the hydraulic drive were ranked in order of importance (ranked). An analytical relationship was established between the weight of the factor and its number in the series. The arithmetic mean weight, the mean relative weight, the standard deviation of the factors that affect the parametric reliability of the drive, and the coefficient of variation are determined. The consistency of expert opinions was shown based on heuristic indicators using the concordance coefficient (Kendall criterion). The considered technique can be used to predict and evaluate the reliability of mechatronic systems that are being developed for use in various fields of technology.

Change in power and fuel consumption when engine cylinders are partially disabled in a wheeled vehicle

The provided calculation methodology enables the evaluation of how disconnected cylinders affect engine power, overall efficiency, and fuel consumption. The study establishes that disconnecting cylinders leads to a proportional decrease in engine power. This means that an engine generating 154,5 kW power reduces to 113,4 kW with two disabled cylinders and goes down to 70,3 kW when four cylinders are disconnected. Reducing fuel consumption is especially notable at idle, showing a 27% drop after disabling half of the cylinders. However, fuel efficiency declines as the engine load increases until it reaches zero at the engine load factor. Discrepancies between the experimental and calculated data on fuel consumption and power are minimal, at around 7-8% during maximum load. Diesel engines have the potential to improve efficiency by shutting down certain cylinders, but the actual fuel savings depend on several factors, including the number of active cylinders, engine configuration, load, and mechanical losses incurred by the shutdown cylinders. A method for analyzing additional energy losses in the engine caused by forced and natural vibrations of motor-transmission systems in wheeled vehicles has been improved. The analysis utilizes the Meander function in the context of harmonic moment and Fourier series. This text describes a method for determining the power of mechanical losses and energy for pumping strokes, while considering changes in the temperature regime in disconnected engine cylinders at increased torque irregularity. It also determines the permissible number of disconnected cylinders, taking into account their effect on power and reliability of wheeled machines. This paper presents a method for evaluating the dependability of fundamental engine components in the context of increased torque irregularity resulting from the disconnection of some cylinders.

Управление техническим обслуживанием сельскохозяйственной техники в условиях автоматизации и цифровизации производства

When organizing maintenance activities for domestic agricultural machinery, paper workflow continues to dominate, which negatively affects the performance indicators and the level of operational reliability of machines. The engineering services of domestic agricultural enterprises remain beyond automation and digitalization in matters of managing the technical service of machines. The low adaptation of existing software products to the specifics of domestic agricultural production prevents the adoption of automated CMMS and EAM systems used in other sectors to manage the reliability of equipment in operation. The authors developed software with a set of functions similar to the functionality of well-known CMMS systems. The software includes Agrokompleks ASUTO in combination with the previously developed Agrokompleks Resursy warehouse management software and Agrokompleks MTP fuel management software. The automated system data model is adapted to the needs of engineering workers responsible for the performance of agricultural machinery. A practical test of the system was carried out at an agricultural enterprise with a fleet of 25 tractors. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the automation of engineering activities contributes to an increase in the operational reliability of agricultural machinery and a decrease in the labor intensity of managing service processes. The use of the automated system resulted in a decrease in the time spent on maintenance management by 35 to 38%, the probability of tractors having operational failure - by 26%. At the same time, the probability of tractors being in working condition increased by 1.8%. The research could be useful for the developers of EAM systems for the maintenance and repair management of agricultural machinery.

Вся жизнь в творчестве

In December 2023, it will be 100 years since the date of birth of Nikolay F. Telnov, the veteran of the Great Patriotic War, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Honoured Worker of Science and Technology, Honoured Inventor of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, a talented teacher, the great scientist in the fi eld of intensifi ed cleaning of repairable objects. After passing a diffi cult frontline way from Orel to Rostock, and graduating with honours from the Faculty of Farm Mechanisation (MIMESKh), N.F. Telnov made his way from assistant, associate professor to Vice-Rector for Science and Education, Head of the Department of Repair and Reliability of Machines of the Moscow Institute of Agricultural Engineers named after V.P. Goryachkin. With his inherent energy and tact he purposefully improved the methodology of teaching technical subjects and developed high morality in graduating specialists. Under the guidance of Professor N.F. Telnov, the founder of the scientifi c school of agricultural machinery cleaning technology, highly eff ective detergents, original washing machines and installations were developed and introduced into production, 40 doctoral and candidate theses were defended. Many of his students later became professors, key specialists in the fi eld of technical service of machines. His creative asset boasts 260 scientifi c and methodical developments. Military and creative labour activity of Nikolay F. Telnov is marked by two Orders “Red Star”, “Patriotic War II degree”, “Labour Red Banner”, medals “For Bravery”, “For Labour Valour” and other government awards.

МЕТОДИКА ВЫБОРА ВАРИАНТА ТЮНИНГА СМАЗОЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ

Improving the reliability of automotive engines is an important problem for the country's economy. Engine failures, due to wear, cause significant consumption of spare parts, complicate the operation of machines. The cost of overhaul of automotive engines is 70-80% of their cost, and the secondary resource is 30-40%. Over the entire service life of automotive engines, 5-6 times more money is spent on ensuring their operability than on manufacturing. Therefore, increasing the resource of automotive engines by improving lubrication processes is an urgent problem. One of the effective methods of ensuring the operability of machines is functional tuning. The paper defines it and shows the place of tuning in the system of ensuring the reliability of machines. The method of choosing the option of tuning the engine lubrication system is substantiated. The technique has been tested on specific variants: visual indicator, electronic indicator, hydraulic accumulator, oil pumping system, autonomous lubrication of TKR, oil level regulator, limit automatic. Based on the cost indicators of these options and the values of the relative increase in engine life that they provide, a methodology for choosing the best option for tuning the lubrication system has been developed.

Joint optimization of production and maintenance scheduling for unrelated parallel machine using hybrid discrete spider monkey optimization algorithm

This paper considers an unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with variable maintenance based on machine reliability to minimize the maximum completion time. To obtain the optimal solution of small-scale problems, we firstly establish a mixed integer programming model. To solve the medium and large-scale problems efficiently and effectively, we develop a hybrid discrete spider monkey optimization algorithm (HDSMO), which combines discrete spider monkey optimization (DSMO) with genetic algorithm (GA). A few additional features are embedded in the HDSMO: a three-phase constructive heuristic is proposed to generate better initial solution, and an individual updating method considering the inertia weight is used to balance the exploration and exploitation capabilities. Moreover, a problem-oriented neighborhood search method is designed to improve the search efficiency. Experiments are conducted on a set of randomly generated instances. The performance of the proposed HDSMO algorithm is investigated and compared with that of other existing algorithms. The detailed results show that the proposed HDSMO algorithm can obtain significantly better solutions than the DSMO and GA algorithms.

System for recognising and monitoring the technical condition of construction machines

Assessing and predicting machine reliability and failure risks is an essential requirement of international standards for machine safety. The existing methods for determining reliability indicators and risk assessment are based on statistical information about failures and faults that occur during machine operation. Collecting, accumulation and processing of statistical data about failures of machines by traditional methods does not provide the necessary efficiency and reliability of the received information. In this connection forecasting of reliability, estimation, and risk management in production and operation of machines with necessary reliability is not a simple task. Modern diagnostic systems offer unlimited possibilities for the timely acquisition and transmission of information concerning the technical condition of machines, which can be used for the solution of problems. Depending on the structure and location of the transmission, storage and processing of the information, a distinction is made between stationary or remote diagnostics systems. With the modern development of communication and data transmission, remote systems are improved versions of stationary diagnostic systems. In the article the questions of formation of a recognition system and monitoring of a technical condition of building machines by means of the diagnostic information are considered. The main purpose of the development and implementation of the system is to ensure the reliability and safety of operation of construction machines. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to recognize and promptly prevent the occurrence of failure, which requires the allocation of a special class of intermediate states, called pre-emergency. The results of the implementation of the recognition and monitoring system of construction machines with the help of diagnostic information are presented.

Determining the workload of the machine and tractor fleet maintenance service in agriculture using the scheduling method

The efficient operation of agricultural machinery depends on the rational organisation of its maintenance. The most systematic research on the technical service of agricultural machinery has been carried out in GosNITI. An integrated maintenance and repair system for agricultural machinery (TORSELHOZ) has been developed. But this system is currently in contradiction with the emerging trend of declining agricultural machinery production, the expansion of more reliable foreign machines than domestic ones on the domestic market and the lack of qualified staff of machine operators. Machine reliability indicators determine the amount of repair and maintenance work. In its turn, these volumes of work are the initial characteristics for the formation of a repair and maintenance base for the technical service of agricultural machinery. The dealer system, which is very important, is the link between the machine manufacturer and the farmer. However, the dealer service cannot meet such challenges due to a lack of logistical and financial resources, as well as a de facto lack of a service user. Therefore, much of the maintenance and repair work on machinery and tractor fleets must be organised on the farm, with the adopted maintenance organisation system forming a major part of the efficiency of this system. The scheduling method of tractor maintenance takes into account the specifics of agricultural production and ensures timely and complete maintenance. Research has shown that the efficiency of maintenance organisation is mainly influenced by the arable area, the class of personnel in the system, the energy capacity of the farm, the availability of mechanics and the uneven load of MTP over the periods. The main points of the method of organising maintenance according to the scheduling system are defined.

ПРОГНОЗНЫЙ МОНИТОРИНГ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПУТЕМ АНАЛИЗА СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИХ СИГНАЛА ВИБРАЦИИ ПОДШИПНИКОВ ВРАЩАЮЩИХСЯ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ МАШИН

Relevance In industry, any failures and unplanned downtime of machines or systems can degrade or interrupt a company's core business, potentially leading to significant penalties and irreparable loss of reputation. Existing traditional maintenance approaches (failure or routine maintenance) suffer from some assumptions and limitations, such as high prevention or repair costs and inadequate or inaccurate mathematical degradation processes. Due to the trend of intelligent manufacturing, data mining, and artificial intelligence, predictive maintenance control is proposed as a new type of maintenance paradigm only after analytical models predict certain failures or degradations. Equipment condition monitoring can reduce the likelihood of failures occurring. Successful technical diagnostics and monitoring of complex electromechanical subsystems and assemblies provides an increase in service life and reliability of the systems as a whole. Aim of research A general overview of maintenance aims and objectives, which mainly include detection and prevention of failures and malfunctions, maintaining performance within established limits, condition prediction in order to improve machine reliability and full use of its resource, cost minimization, maximization of availability/reliability and multi-criteria optimization. Object of research The object of the study is the technical condition of rolling bearings of rotating electric machines. The main defects that are characteristic of this object are analyzed. In addition, a practical and effective sequential preventive maintenance method for rotating electrical machines is proposed, consisting of four steps: feature generation and fault diagnosis selection, data dimensionality reduction and feature fusion, fault detection and diagnosis, and estimation of the remaining useful life of rotating electrical machine bearings. Vibration signal analysis (from the time domain waveform and spectrum of the original or derivative signal, characteristics can be calculated and their effectiveness in diagnosing a fault can be assessed). Research methods To verify the performance of the proposed method, bearing failure is simulated in the Simulink MATLAB module. The bearing failure is created by feeding the vibration perturbation into the shaft system. Results Based on the results of the simulation, a conclusion on the operability of the proposed method for investigating the technical condition of rotating electric machines is drawn.

Analysis of the influence of the change in the geometric parameters of the micro roughness of the mobile connected surfaces with the adsorption layer of pairs on their convergence

Problem. In connection with the trend of increasing the volume of road construction work, there is a need to ensure increased reliability of road machines. Most earthmoving machines operate under high loads. Severe working conditions and the dynamic, vibrational nature of the load of these machines reduce the reliability and operating time of their hydraulic drives. The complexity of friction and wear processes in the joints of real machine parts does not yet allow us to describe them quantitatively with sufficient accuracy. However, for engineering calculations of the influence of the roughness parameters of friction surfaces on the intensity of their wear, already known dependencies can be used that establish the relationship between the wear intensity and the friction parameters of the surfaces. There are different models for the formation of conditions for the development of the process of wear of the surfaces of movable joints. One of the issues of modeling the process of wear of the surfaces of mobile joints is the question of the influence of the adsorption layer of surfactant on the stress state at the basis of their microroughness. Goal. The goal of the studies was to determine the change in the convergence of microprotrusions of mating surfaces with a change in the radius of the tops of microprotrusions in the presence of a surfactant adsorption layer on them. Methodology. Solution of the problems set involved the formation of a model of the process of contact of individual microprotrusions of rough surfaces coated with a surfactant adsorption layer, and its application to determine the dependence in the change in the approach of microprotrusions with a change of the radius of their top and the thickness of the surfactant adsorption layer on them. Results. The dependence of the amount of convergence of micro-uniformities in the coupling on the geometry of micro-uniformities and the thickness of the adsorbed surfactant layer was obtained. The performed calculation of the convergence of micro-uniformities taking into account the thickness of the surfactant adsorption layer showed that under these initial conditions, the convergence of the surfaces of micro-uniformities can be up to 19% relative to the radius of their tops. Originality. A model of the process of interaction of individual microroughnesses of rough surfaces of movable tribocoupling is proposed, which allows one to analyze the influence of the load in contact, the geometrical parameters of the contacting microprotrusions, and the parameters characterizing the surfactant adsorption layer on the approach value of contacting microprotrusions. Practical value. The use of the proposed mathematical model allows predicting the result of the process of interaction of rough friction surfaces in the presence of a lubricating material, based on the convergence of the friction surfaces.

ADAPTIVE INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE CHANGE OF THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM OF THE HYDRAULIC DRIVE

The efficiency of hydrogenated machines of various technological purposes depends to a large extent on the temperature of the environment. Temperature is the main factor in the efficiency of the hydraulic drive, which changes the physical properties of the working fluid: viscosity, moisture content, gases and mechanical impurities, which determine its modulus of elasticity. Efficiency is significantly reduced both at low temperatures and at high temperatures. The high-temperature mode of the hydraulic drive reduces the technical and operational performance of hydraulic machines (construction and road, mountain, agricultural and other self-propelled machines). High temperature is one of the most important factors that intensively affect the aging of the working fluid. An increase in the temperature of the lubricant above 70° C leads to a decrease in the lubricating capacity and premature wear of the equipment, an increase in the leakage of the lubricant, a decrease in its viscosity, thermal destruction with the formation of tarry deposits on the internal surfaces of the hydraulic equipment. Intensive wear is observed due to a decrease in the lubricating capacity of the friction surfaces, a decrease volumetric efficiency of hydraulic machines, changes in the linear dimensions of heated elements, as a result, the accuracy of technological operations deteriorates and the resource of hydraulic equipment is significantly reduced. All this leads to a decrease in the parameters of productivity and reliability of machines. Hydrogenated machines operated at elevated temperatures require a number of measures to increase heat transfer and stabilize the temperature regime. This article examines the issue of determining the given modulus of elasticity of the hydraulic system of a volumetric hydraulic drive using the example of the experimental model of the TT4M-23L tracked crawler tractor and the relationship of the given modulus with pressure and temperature. An equation is calculated that allows establishing the relationship between pressure and the given modulus of elasticity of the hydraulic system.

Monitoring Single-Phase LV Charging of Electric Vehicles

The paper presents the results of the monitoring process of the charging of an electric vehicle battery pack. Battery pack charging with a capacity of 58kWh was monitored in a single-phase 230V/50Hz circuit. The slow charging system used was configured to obtain a current of 10A. During monitoring, the focus was on the recognition of the charging, considering the impact of this process on power quality and, consequently, on the reliability of electrical machines. Research results show that the monitored charges are one-, two-, or three-stage processes. The variations in the currents, power, and higher harmonic contents were observed. The effects of such variations depend on the properties of the power grid at the point of connection of the charging system. Knowledge of the variation of the voltages, currents, and active and reactive power allows for the determination of the requirements of the measuring equipment used for charging the monitoring, including the selection of discrimination/averaging time of monitored quantities. The research results also indicate the need for continuous monitoring of the power quality in the power supply circuit of electrical loads, e.g., electrical machines. Continuous monitoring supports the diagnostics of electrical machines and allows the appropriate measures to increase their reliability.

Aerodynamic Design of Cooling Guide for Electrical Machine in Electric Ducted Fan

Abstract Electric ducted fan has newly emerged as the most compact type of propulsion fan for flying cars, because of its flexible configuration arrangement, low noise level and high safety level operation. Typically, an electric ducted fan is composed of a hub-driven fan and a hub-mounted inner rotor electrical machine. The thermal management of the hub-mounted electrical machine is essential because it determines the machine's continuous output power and reliability, as well as the fan thrust force. The heat transmitted from the stator winding to the cooling guide vane (CGV) is dissipated by introducing the air flow at hub region to the CGV. Therefore, in order to better improve the thermal performance of the CGV, an aerodynamic design of CGV is proposed in this paper for better thermal management of stator end-windings. First, for a certain desired power output of electrical machine under temperature constraints of stator winding, lumped thermal network is established to derive the requirement of heat transfer coefficients of the CGV. Then, from engineering feasibility, three different CGVs including straight type, arc-shape type and airfoil-shape type are tested by computational fluid dynamics. The evaluation of the CGV designs include the flow characteristics, power requirements, and thermal characteristics for stator winding cooling purposes. In comparison with the conventionally straight type CGV, improvements are gained from the designed arc-shape type and airfoil-shape type cooling configurations, whereas the fan thrust force remains the same simultaneously. It is verified that the arc-shape type and airfoil-shape type CGVs are promising in enhancing the thermal management performance of the electrical machine stator winding without power requirement.

Autonomous Maintenance: A Case Study on Step – 0 to 3 Implementation at Detergent Packing Machine in FMCG industry

Businesses in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector always work to improve the efficiency of their manufacturing processes in order to keep a competitive edge in the fast-paced and cutthroat business. With a focus on the detergent packing machine at an FMCG manufacturing plant, this case study explores the application of autonomous maintenance (AM), a key component of the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) philosophy. Finding and removing losses from the manufacturing process, especially those involving equipment and plant, is the main goal of AM. The four main phases of the step-by-step process described in the AM technique are Step0, Step1, Step2, and Step3, each of which aims to restore the fundamental machine conditions. The AM process's cornerstone, Step 0, emphasizes the necessity of a change in the maintenance staff's perspective. In this level, operators and maintenance teams would discover the value of autonomous maintenance and be instilled with a sense of ownership and responsibility for the equipment. The emphasis switches to cleaning and inspection tasks in Step 1. The detergent packing machine is thoroughly cleaned and carefully inspected to look for any indications of wear and tear or possible problems. This stage lays the groundwork for future enhancements by attempting to create a baseline for the machine's current state. The second step is to establish performance and cleanliness standards for the machine. For regular cleaning and inspections, standardized protocols are created to provide uniformity and predictability in maintenance tasks. In order to improve operators' and maintenance personnel's abilities to recognize and handle possible problems, this stage also includes training courses for them. Step 3 focuses on maintaining the progress made in the preceding steps. It entails creating an organizational culture of proactive maintenance where the idea of continuous improvement permeates every aspect of the business. To make sure that the set standards are being followed and that any deviations are quickly corrected, audits and reviews are carried out on a regular basis. This case study demonstrates the effective use of autonomous maintenance at the detergent packing machine in the FMCG sector by carefully following these four guidelines. The outcomes include a significant reduction in costly breakdowns, improved machine reliability, and the cultivation of a culture of continuous improvement, contributing to the overall competitiveness of the company's products. The lessons learned from this case study can serve as valuable insights for other companies looking to embark on a similar journey of enhancing their manufacturing processes through Autonomous Maintenance.

Study on the level of operational reliability of diesel engines for backhoe loaders

In the present study the main numerical characteristics of the reliability indicators for the Komatsu SAA4D104E-1 engines of the KOMATSU WB93R-5 backhoe loader have been determined, and the laws of resource allocation have been established. To study the level of reliability of machines, a methodology for experimental research has been developed, where the complex, comparative and formal methods, as well as the systematic, cybernetic and statistical approach have been used. It has been found that increasing the level of reliability of the engine elements can be improved by increasing the quality and timeliness of the repair and maintenance activities and compliance with the rules of operation. This study is a continuation of a study conducted by the author.

Cost Effective Maintenance and Machine Reliability for Food Manufacturing Industries using Optimal Maintenance Strategy

An optimal maintenance strategy for cost effective maintenance and machine reliability in food manufacturing industries was developed in this study. Maintenance and cost parameters were employed to develop cost-reliability based model in terms of an optimal maintenance using lingo solver. The developed cost-reliabilitybased model considered system’s reliability, cost of equipment failure, preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance and downtime cost associated with - equipment maintenance. A case of a food manufacturing company in Nigeria was observed and the data wasused to evaluate the model. It is imperative to know that, the developed optimal maintenance strategy provided better cost savings and improved system reliability than the current maintenance cost and machine reliability of the industrial case study.