Reliability Of Information Systems Research Articles

Vector formation features of modern network attacks

The problems that arise when setting tasks for determining the vector of a network attack in a corporate information network are considered. The varieties of various techniques that simplify the construction of a network attack vector used in the analysis of the reliability of information systems are presented and characterized. The suitability for various procedures for determining vector parameters is considered. When constructing a network attack vector, the specificity of the manifestation of the time parameter was determined as a characteristic indicating a more effective way of spreading compromise. The formation of the vector is considered taking into account the specifics of the networks multilevel organization. The specifics of the simplified vector calculation model including procedures focused on various approaches are determined.

A Review of Contemporary Governance Challenges in Oman: Can Blockchain Technology Be Part of Sustainable Solutions?

Oman is considering adopting the latest e-governance technology, including Blockchain-based. While much research was conducted into the benefits and risks of Blockchain-based in information systems and finance fields, fewer researchers investigated the opportunities and risks associated with adopting Blockchain-based frameworks for governance and public administration, especially in highly bureaucratic, centralized rentier states, such as Oman. As the first phase of an exploratory sequential mixed-methods study, our purpose was to identify key governance problems in contemporary Oman and analyze each problem against evidence drawn from the relevant parts of the Blockchain-based and e-governance literature to evaluate the potential utility, risks and limitations associated with adopting block-chained e-governance solutions in the Sultanate. Our initial results indicate that there are advantages for states, such as Oman, from being an early mover into block-chained e-governance systems, including greater cost efficiency, drastically improved accuracy and reliability of information systems, transparency and accountability of public services, and an upgrade in the overall level of legitimacy and public trust in the institutions of governance. However, more research into the risks related to reconciling block-chained systems with the dynamics of labor, tax reforms and centralized authority in a rentier social contract is required.

Information Systems Reliability in Traditional Entropy and Novel Hierarchy

Abstract The continuous progress of computing technologies increases the need for improved methods and tools for assessing the performance of information systems in terms of reliability, conformance, and quality of service. This paper presents an extension of Information Theory by introducing a novel hierarchy concept as a complement to the traditional entropy approach. The methodology adjustments are applied to a simulative numerical example for assessing the reliability of systems with different complexity and performance behavior.

The Antecedents of Intention to Use Telemedicine

The Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of technology in various sectors, one of which is the healthcare industry. Telemedicine users increased during the Covid-19 pandemic, but only 10% of Indonesia's population. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the intention to use telemedicine. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with a voluntary sampling technique. Data analysis applied Structural Equation Modeling using LISREL version 8.8. Data were obtained from 225 respondents in Greater Jakarta and Greater Bandung from January to March 2022, but only 192 were included in the analysis. The results showed that the intention to use telemedicine was directly influenced by attitude (A) and indirectly influenced by interrelated variables such as trust (T), perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived usefulness (PU), information quality (IQ), service quality (SrQ), and system quality (SQ). Implications that telemedicine service providers can apply to increase the use of telemedicine are to create the best experience, user friendly, provide complete information, and increase the reliability of information systems.

Optimal data backup policies for information systems subject to sudden failure

PurposeWith the irresistible growth in digitization, data backup policies become essential more than ever for organizations seeking to improve reliability and availability of organizations' information systems. However, since backup operations do not come free, there is a need for a data-informed policy to decide how often and which type of backups should be taken. In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive mathematical framework to explore the design space for backup policies and to optimize backup type and interval in a given system. In the authors' framework, three separate cost factors related to the backup process are identified: backup cost, recovery cost and data loss cost. The objective function has a multi-criteria structure leading to a backup policy minimizing a weighed function of these factors. To formalize the cost and objective functions, the authors get help from renewal theory in reliability modeling. The authors' optimization framework also formulates mixed policies involving both full and incremental backups. Through numerical examples, the authors show how the authors' optimization framework could facilitate cost-saving backup policies.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology starts with designing different backup policies based on system parameters. Each constructed policy is optimized in terms of backup period using renewal theory. After selecting the best back-up policy, the results are demonstrated through numerical studies.FindingsData backup polices that are tailored to system parameters can result in significant gains for IT (Information Technology) systems. Collecting the necessary parameters to design intelligent backup policies can also help managers understand managers' systems better. Designed policies not only provides the frequency of back up operations, but also the type of backups.Originality/valueThe original contribution of this study is the explicit construction and determination of the best backup policies for IT systems that are prone to failure. By applying renewal theory in reliability, the authors present a mathematical framework for the joint optimization of backup cost factors, i.e. backup cost, recovery time cost and data loss cost.

Improving viral load testing using a quality improvement approach in Blantyre, Malawi.

BackgroundViral load (VL) testing coverage remains low particularly in resource limited countries despite recommendation by World Health Organization, and Malawi is no exception. A quality improvement (QI) approach was used to improve VL testing coverage from 27% to a target of 80% at an urban health facility in Malawi.MethodsA QI study employing a time-series quasi-experimental design with no comparison group was conducted at Chilomoni health centre in Blantyre from April 2020 to July 2020. A retrospective record review of all patient records (257) from 8 weeks before the study was conducted to determine baseline VL testing coverage. Root cause analysis of low VL testing coverage was done using fish-bone tool and factors prioritized using a Pareto-chart. Priority factors included inadequate capacity to update electronic medical records and competing tasks. Change ideas were identified and prioritized using an effort-impact matrix. Two change ideas; re-orienting ART providers on VL test order in EMR and dedicated ART provider to serve VL tested patients were implemented and tested in 5 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles from the Model for Improvement (MFI), each lasting one week. The latter was tested, and adapted in 3 cycles, and eventually adopted for monitoring for another 5 weeks. VL testing coverage was tracked throughout the study using run charts and p-charts.ResultsVL testing coverage increased from 27% to 71% by the end of the study, with children aged 0 to 14 years having the lowest coverage throughout the study.ConclusionThe MFI as a QI approach improved VL testing coverage through implementation of contextualized change ideas. A reliable data system, leadership buy-in and commitment are important for sustained improvement. Future research should focus on evaluating sustainability of improved VL testing coverage at the health facility and assessing barriers to VL testing among the paediatric population.

A Framework for Integrating Green Highway Performance Data with the Carbon Footprint Calculator in Malaysia

Highway concessionaires in Malaysia spend considerable assets in collecting, analysing and controlling different forms of data during highway projects’ life cycle. Considering this massive investment, nowadays the data use and information system reliability is becoming the key concern in terms of delivering value to consumers as opposed to the amount generated. The data generated is extensive and heterogeneous. This paper provides a new paradigm for integrating green highway performance data with carbon footprint data for green highway assessment. This framework is used to improve the active use of data in the generation of information and to assist comprehensively in decision-making at all levels of management. The network approach used in this study is the main component for interlinking data with knowledge and decisions, identifying the parameters of data integration for green highway assessment, determining the criteria data for integration, and assessing the overall performance of data usage. Real-time green highway data scenarios are used to demonstrate the applicability of this framework. A new monitoring performance measure called the MyGHI-Dashboard is proposed to control green highway assessment processes and evaluate the level of data usage, which will serve as a green highway performance scorecard. Through data-driven insights, this new paradigm can be used as a benchmarking model by highway authorities to make efficient and accurate decisions. This study is expected to become the central reference to mitigate the challenge associated with the use of highway performance data in real-time for Malaysian highway development.

Проблема избыточности информации в информационно-измерительных системах

Data redundancy is a common approach to improve reliability of information and measurement systems. Design of information and measurement systems is an important step when the proper effect of data redundancy on accuracy of measurements needs to be established. This research involved studying of correlation of direct and indirect redundancy and accuracy of measurements.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ НАДЕЖНОСТИ СИСТЕМ БИОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ПУТЕМ ВНЕСЕНИЯ ИЗБЫТОЧНОСТИ

The paper demonstrates a need to study the functional reliability of identification systems and the applicability of methods for ensuring the functional reliability of information systems for biometric identification systems. Methods of ensuring functional reliability of biometric identification systems via providing indicators of reliability of identification devices and introducing redundancy are considered. The applicability of the methods for biometric identification systems is investigated, its advantages and disadvantages are evaluated. Triple modular redundancy scheme has been developed for the program redundancy using N-version programming. An appropriate reliability scheme based on the principles of dual programming has been developed to implement the identification system with one additional redundant element. Based on the NIST statistics of face recognition algorithms for the developed reliability schemes the reliability indicators were evaluated and its advantages over a system consisting of a single non-redundant element have been shown. The proposed reliability schemes are consistent with the practice of ensuring the functional reliability of information systems and can be integrated into biometric identification systems that use biometric data as the main access identifier.

Analysis of The Quality of The Population And Civil Registration Service System In Ogan Ilir Regency Using Importance Performance Analysis Method (IPA)

To determine the quality of the Population Administration and Civil Registration Service website in Ogan Ilir Regency and to determine the level of user satisfaction in this study, the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method with a descriptive quantitative approach was used. The variable dimension for the questionnaire used is the E-GovQual (E-Government Quality) method which consists of 5 variables, namely ease of use, trust, reliability, content and appreance of information system, and citizen support distributed to 99 respondents. The IPA method itself has 3 stages of analysis, namely GAP analysis, conformity analysis, and Cartesian diagrams then the data is processed using IBM SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that the main priority in improvement is indicators no. 3 and 11. With gap analysis, 17 negative indicators are obtained. and 5 positive indicators which means that almost all attributes have not met user expectations. While the average value of the level of conformity is 97%, which means users are not satisfied with the performance of Admindukcapil services because the value of the level of conformity is <100%. Analysis, Service Quality, Importance Performance Analysis, E-Govqual.

Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Mobility Computerized Adaptive Testing Maintains High Correlation and Low Test Burden Compared With Legacy Hip-Specific Instruments in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement

To evaluate the reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness of the lower extremity-specific Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Mobility (MO) bank in patients who underwent hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement. Patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery at a large academic musculoskeletal specialty center between November 2019 and November 2020 completed the following baseline and 6-month measures: PROMIS MO, PROMIS Pain Interference (PI), PROMIS Physical Function (PF), modified Harris Hip Score, International Hip Outcome Tool 33, visual analog scale, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation. Construct validity was evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficients. The number of questions until completion was recorded as a marker of test burden. The percentage of patients scoring at the extreme high (ceiling) or low (floor) for each measure was recorded to measure inclusivity. Responsiveness was tested by comparing differences between baseline and 6-month measures, controlling for age and sex, using generalized estimating equations. Magnitudes of responsiveness were assessed through the effect size (Cohen d). In this study, 660 patients (50% female patients) aged 32 ± 14 years were evaluated. PROMIS MO showed a strong correlation with PROMIS PF (r = 0.84, P<.001), the International Hip Outcome Tool 33 (r = 0.73, P < .001), PROMIS PI (r= -0.76, P < .001), and the modified Harris Hip Score (r = 0.73, P < .001). Neither PROMIS MO, PROMIS PI, nor PROMIS PF met the conventional criteria for floor or ceiling effects (≥15%). The mean number of questions answered (± standard deviation) was 4.7 ± 2.1 for PROMIS MO, 4.1 ± 0.6 for PROMIS PI, and 4.1 ± 0.6 for PROMIS PF. From baseline to 6 months, the PROMIS and legacy measures exhibited significant responsiveness (P < .05), with similar effect sizes between the patient-reported outcome measures. This longitudinal study reveals that in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy, PROMIS MO computerized adaptive testing maintains high correlation with legacy hip-specific instruments, significant responsiveness to change, and low test burden compared with legacy measures, with no ceiling or floor effects at 6-month postoperative follow-up. Level IV, retrospective case series.

Assessment of Reliability of the Transport Information Systems

In this paper is given the definition of e reliability of a transport information system, with features of transport information systems listed. Equations for calculating reliability indicators are given, as well. The developed hierarchical graph model for assessing the reliability of transport information systems and an algorithm for analyzing the graph model, which allows taking into account the specifics of the reliability of the operation of system elements at different levels of the hierarchy, are presented. Using the graph model and the graph model analysis algorithm, it is possible to reasonably predict the strategy for the creation and development of transport information systems.

Implementation of a combined algorithm designed for increasing the reliability of information systems

This paper considers the results of experimental studies of the previously presented algorithm designed for increasing the reliability level of information systems. The data on the organization and conduct of the studies is provided to clarify their meaning. Within the framework of the study conducted, the obtained experimental data of simulation modeling and the functioning data of existing information systems are compared. The hypothesis of homogeneity of the structure of information systems has been formed, thereby reconfiguring the presented algorithm into a model for the analysis of information systems. The results presented can be used in further research activities. The obtained data on the opportunity to predict the functioning of information systems can be used for economic planning.

Analysis of Adaptive Model Success of Integrated Financial Information System through User Satisfaction in Local Governments

This research is to anayze adaptive model success of integrated financial information system through user satisfaction in local governments. The population in this study were the parties managing the regional financial information system totaling 612 people. The sampling technique uses saturated samples. The processing of data used Smart Partial Least Squares (PLS) application for the SEM Methods. The results showed that: partially, the reliability of information systems, organizational support, benefits, user behavior, has an effect on user satisfaction with the government regeny/cities in North Sumatra; partially, the reliability of information systems, organizational support, benefits, user behavior, use of the intention to the local government in North Sumatra; the user satisfaction factor affects the intention to use; Partially, the reliability of information systems, organizational support, benefits, and user behavior affects user satisfaction and its impact on intention to use in local governments in North Sumatra.

The reliability of information systems in organisation as a source of competitive advantage

The reliability of information systems in organisation as a source of competitive advantage

Impact of redistributing deaths by ill-defined causes in oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Brazil.

Less-than-optimal reliability of mortality information systems regarding the underlying cause of death can mask the reality of oral (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) mortality. This study aimed to assess the impact on the magnitude and temporal trends of OC and OPC mortality in Brazil of two statistical approaches to redistribute deaths with ill-defined underlying causes. We analyzed deaths with ill-defined causes in Brazil by macro-region, between 1996-2018. The Mortality Information System provided official information on deaths. Two correction methods were applied: the EF method, which proportionally reallocates deaths classified as R00-R99 in the ICD-10 to the remaining specific causes of death according to the proportion of deaths with certified causes; and the GBD method, which considers the concept of garbage codes, redistributing deaths from several ICD-10 chapters according to previously established coefficients. For the trend analysis of mortality (certified and redistributed), the Prais-Winsten method was carried out. The OC and OPC death rates had an evident increase after the redistribution by the two techniques in all regions of the country; the increase was higher using the GBD method. In the Northeast and North regions, this method more than doubled the certified death rates. The redistribution methods also changed time series trends. In epidemiological studies of mortality from OC and OPC, it is necessary to redistribute deaths from ill-defined causes when analyzing data from less-than-optimal information systems. The choice of the correction method is critical; epidemiological studies must manage it as a methodological decision that has significant impacts on results.

Stochastic model for determination of arbitrariness and completeness of information system

When evaluating information system reliability indicators, the necessary initial data for a priori probability calculations are often missing, and statistical evaluation is complicated by a large amount of tests, which can only be used to determine the estimates of the moments of the determining random variables of the process of functioning of the information system or its constituent parts (mathematical expectation and variance of failure time processing, recovery time, backup time, etc.). However, in this situation, it is necessary to justify some characteristics of the information system, for example, time reserve, guaranteed exact limits of the probability of fault-free operation of the system and availability coefficient. In this case, «justification» means the construction of precise upper and lower limits of the change of functionals, which characterize the efficiency of the functioning of the information system, in the conditions of incomplete a priori information about the distribution functions of the determining random variables. In this paper, an N-periodic set of information states with one risky and one risk-free process is considered, the arbitrariness and completeness of this set is investigated, and the entropy for the Radon-Nikodym derivative of the corresponding equivalent martingale measures is found. Conditions for the signal loss distribution function were also found, under which the set of signal states is arbitragefree and complete. It is shown that the use of the proposed signal change function made it possible to effectively investigate a set of information states for impartiality and completeness. The application of the obtained results to the determination of the fair price for the аsian arithmetic option with the initially specified payment function is considered.

The factor of the risk and risk management In information security

Risk is the consequence of events and dangers. To rephrase it, an event that will cause damage and deprivation and this happening can be described via the term of information. The word risk means foreseeable dangers or being under the threat of possible damage. It defines the occurrence of an event that could lead to damage or loss. This term is used for events that are synonymous with danger and are expected to occur, but it is not clear whether they will occur or not. Thus, risk management means managing this uncertain environment. Risk Information Security Management system requires a risk-based approach. Information security policy emerges and is formed based on the results of risk analysis. Therefore, risk management is essential. As well as the systematic use of information contributes to identifying sources and forecasting risks. Information systems analyze the value of assets, threats and shortcomings in risk analysis. Here, the risks are assessed depending on the severity of the potential impact on the confidentiality, integrity and reliability of information systems. Everything that has value for an organization is called information availability. The standards define the availability of information as information that is valuable to the organization and should always be protected. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Keywords: risk management, risk processing, risk assessment, risk monitoring, risk reassessment, risk review, Information security risk

Механизмы обеспечения надежности объектов информационных систем

It is difficult to imagine the functioning of modern society without information systems of various levels of complexity. Quality control of the functioning of systems is one of the main tasks that should be paid close attention to. One of the criteria for the quality of an information system is reliability, the better the system is, the more reliable it is, and vice versa. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to choose the most appropriate mechanism for ensuring the reliability of information systems. This article discusses the main mechanisms for ensuring the reliability of information system objects such as: error prevention, error detection, error correction, error tolerance; highlighted criteria for their evaluation such as: the ability to restore the initial state of the system, the ability to perform redundancy, fault tolerance, testing, complexity of implementation, the ability to eliminate errors at the stage of system design. The factors determining the occurrence of threats to the objects of information systems and security threats are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the mechanisms for ensuring the reliability of information system objects according to the selected criteria and analyzed factors is carried out. The formalized model, architecture and interface of the software are presented. A series of experimental studies has been carried out.

Improving Reliability of Smart Transport Systems

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the key improvement methods for smart transport system reliability and quality. The authors claim that the improvement of reliability and quality of information systems including smart transport systems is linked to the problem of improving the redundancy and structural complexity of systems. They suggest using the incomplete functional redundancy method to improve the reliability and quality of operation for multifunctional smart transport systems. This method is deemed promising because it facilitates the efficient use of the technical means of smart transport systems.