Relevant Locations Research Articles

Informing hydrological models of poorly gauged river catchments – A parameter regionalization and calibration approach

Development of robust hydrologic-hydrodynamic simulation models is challenging, especially in regions, where in-situ observation data are scarce. Parameter calibration is often a necessary and data-demanding step. Moreover, good calibration performance does not guarantee predictive skill in neighboring geographic regions or new time periods and scenarios. A robust calibration strategy is necessary and must apply an informed parameter regionalization approach, which can transfer parameter values from gauged to ungauged subcatchments, whilst accounting for data availability and quality. In this study, a calibration strategy combining a parameter transfer framework based on catchment similarities with a holistic calibration against hydrological signatures is presented to obtain reliable simulations at all relevant locations within a catchment. The approach is demonstrated for three African river catchments: the Tana, the Upper Niger and the Semliki catchments.A rainfall-runoff model based on Budyko’s concept of limits with up to 11 calibration parameters and a daily simulation time step is used, coupled with a Muskingum routing scheme. Each river catchment is subdivided into so-called hydrological response units (HRU) based on climatic and physiographic characteristics. Multi-mission satellite remote sensing observations are used for the HRU classification: terrain slope derived from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the publicly available European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) land cover map. Subcatchments within each HRU share the same parameters. The number of units is constrained by the number of in-situ stations available. The calibration strategy is a catchment-scale, multi-objective approach.The method improved the overall model performance compared to a simpler, nearest-neighbor regionalization method. In particular, spatial patterns of the hydrological response are more reasonable and performance is improved at validation stations, highlighting the importance of appropriate parameter regionalization within nested catchments. With this method, a wider range of currently available remote sensing data (elevation, precipitation, land cover, etc.) can be exploited in hydrological model development and calibration.

Distribution of Potentially Toxic Epiphytic Dinoflagellates in Saint Martin Island (Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles)

For the first time, distribution of epiphytic dinoflagellates was studied in Saint Martin Island (Lesser Antilles) during the cyclonic season (between September 1st and 3rd, 2015). The present study provides a semi-quantitative analysis because the fresh weight of each macrophyte was estimated around 10 g. The identified genera were: Ostreopsis J.Schmidt, Prorocentrum Ehrenberg, Coolia Meunier, Amphidinium Claperede & Lachmann, and Gambierdiscus Adachi & Fukuyo in order of decreasing abundance. Highest average abundance values of the genera Ostreopsis and Amphidinium were hosted by macrophytes of the Phaeophyceae class with c. 15 000 and 60 cells g–1 respectively. Epiphytic Coolia cells were mainly observed on seagrasses with the highest average abundance value of c. 1000 cells g–1 whereas the genera Gambierdiscus and Prorocentrum were most often associated with Florideophyceae with the highest average abundances of c. 70 and 1500 cells g–1 respectively. This preliminary study indicates the most relevant locations to survey the biodiversity of potentially toxic epiphytic dinoflagellates in Saint Martin Island.

Limited interactions between space- and feature-based attention in visually sparse displays.

Top-down visual attention selectively filters sensory input so relevant information receives preferential processing. Feature-based attention (FBA) enhances the representation of relevant low-level features, whereas space-based attention (SBA) enhances information at relevant location(s). The present study investigates whether the unique influences of SBA and FBA combine to facilitate behavior in a perceptually demanding discrimination task. We first demonstrated that, independently, both color and location pre-cues could effectively direct attention to facilitate perceptual decision making of a target. We then examined the combined effects of SBA and FBA in the same design by deploying a predictive color arrow pre-cue. Only SBA effects were observed in performance accuracy and reaction time. However, we detected a reaction time cost when a valid spatial cue was paired with a feature cue. A computational perceptual decision-making model largely provided converging evidence that contributions from FBA were restricted to facilitating the speed with which the relevant item was identified. Our results suggest that both selection mechanisms can be used in isolation to resolve a perceptually challenging target in a sparse display, but with little additive perceptual benefit when cued simultaneously. We conclude that there is at least some higher order interdependence between space-based and feature-based selection during decision making under specific conditions.

An embodied account of visual working memory

ABSTRACT Traditional models of visual memory rely solely on internal memory and ignore our reliance on the information that is physically present in the external visual world. Experiments on visual working memory generally use paradigms that are designed to maximally load internal memory storage, although these situations do not necessarily translate to the actual use of visual working memory in daily life. Here, I discuss an embodied view of visual memory in which there is a continuous decision about which information to internalize and which information to leave in the external world for (possible) access later in time. In this view, the known limited capacity of visual working memory is not a problem in daily life, as the external world typically remains readily available and can be accessed relatively easily by executing eye movements to relevant locations.

Leaf‐out in northern ecotypes of wide‐ranging trees requires less spring warming, enhancing the risk of spring frost damage at cold range limits

AbstractAimTrees need to avoid frost damage to their young leaves by leafing out after the occurrence of the last frost, yet they also need to start photosynthesis early in the season to achieve sufficient growth. This trade‐off leads to the hypothesis that ‘safety margins’ against spring frost should become shorter, the longer the winter duration, perhaps reaching an asymptotic limit where frost damage would occur in most years. Physiologically, shorter safety margins in high‐latitude ecotypes might be achieved by lower degree‐day requirements for leaf‐out, compared to low‐latitude ecotypes.LocationEurope.Time period1902–2009.Major taxa studiedTemperate trees.MethodsUsing herbarium collections of Acer platanoides, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica and Prunus spinosa made over 108 years at 40° to 60° N latitude, we related historic leaf‐out dates to winter and spring temperatures (chilling and degree‐days), winter duration, and date of last frost occurrence in the relevant years and locations.ResultsIn all species, frost safety margins decreased towards high‐latitude regions with long winters, with each day increase in winter duration reducing frost safety margins by 0.48 days in Fagus and 0.32–0.21 days in Prunus, Acer and Carpinus. These latitudinal differences correlate with northern ecotypes’ shorter degree‐day requirements for leaf‐out.Main conclusionsThe decline in spring frost safety margins in regions with long winters supports the new hypothesis that species may reach their geographic range limit where they ‘bump up’ against experiencing regular frost injury to their young leaves. Larger datasets are necessary to further corroborate our hypothesis and future efforts should thus be directed toward increasing the latitudinal range of existing phenological databases.

Is a Linear or a Walkabout Protocol More Efficient When Using a Rover to Choose Biologically Relevant Samples in a Small Region of Interest?

We conducted a field test at a potential Mars analog site to provide insight into planning for future robotic missions such as Mars 2020, where science operations must facilitate efficient choice of biologically relevant sampling locations. We compared two data acquisition and decision-making protocols currently used by Mars Science Laboratory: (1) a linear approach, where sites are examined as they are encountered and (2) a walkabout approach, in which the field site is first examined with remote rover instruments to gain an understanding of regional context followed by deployment of time- and power-intensive contact and sampling instruments on a smaller subset of locations. The walkabout method was advantageous in terms of both the time required to execute and a greater confidence in results and interpretations, leading to enhanced ability to tailor follow-on observations to better address key science and sampling goals. This advantage is directly linked to the walkabout method's ability to provide broad geological context earlier in the science analysis process. For Mars 2020, and specifically for small regions to be explored (e.g., <1 km2), we recommend that the walkabout approach be considered where possible, to provide early context and time for the science team to develop a coherent suite of hypotheses and robust ways to test them.

Co-diseño in-situ de Juegos Móviles usando un abordaje con recursos de Design Thinking

El aporte de este trabajo es explorar cómo abordar experiencias de co-diseño in-situ de Juegos Móviles basados en posicionamiento en espacios cerrados (por ejemplo, un edificio), describiendo las lecciones aprendidas sobre esta temática. En este trabajo se presenta un framework conceptual para el co-diseño in-situ de Juegos Móviles basados en posicionamiento para espacios cerrados con el objetivo de ayudar a los facilitadores a abordar este tipo de experiencias con recursos útiles (por ejemplo, recursos de Design Thinking). Usando este framework, se presenta una experiencia de co-diseño in-situ de un Juego Móvil basado en posicionamiento en un espacio cerrado; para algunas etapas se utilizó una herramienta de autor que permite co-diseñar in-situ cuáles son los lugares relevantes para una aplicación. A partir de esta experiencia, se extendió la herramienta de autor para poder crear un tipo particular de Juego Móvil basado en posicionamiento. En este trabajo se presenta esta extensión junto con una prueba de conceptos que muestra cómo un juego co-diseñado in-situ con esta extensión fue usado por usuarios finales.

Spatial filtering restricts the attentional window during both singleton and feature-based visual search.

We investigated whether spatial filtering can restrict attentional selectivity during visual search to a currently task-relevant attentional window. While effective filtering has been demonstrated during singleton search, feature-based attention is believed to operate spatially globally across the entire visual field. To test whether spatial filtering depends on search mode, we assessed its efficiency both during feature-guided search with colour-defined targets and during singleton search tasks. Search displays were preceded by spatial cues. Participants responded to target objects at cued/relevant locations, and ignored them when they appeared on the uncued/irrelevant side. In four experiments, electrophysiological markers of attentional selection and distractor suppression (N2pc and PD components) were measured for relevant and irrelevant target-matching objects. During singleton search, N2pc components were triggered by relevant target singletons, but were entirely absent for singletons on the irrelevant side, demonstrating effective spatial filtering. Critically, similar results were found for feature-based search. N2pcs to irrelevant target-colour objects were either absent or strongly attenuated (when these objects were salient), indicating that the feature-based guidance of visual search can be restricted to relevant locations. The presence of PD components to salient objects on the irrelevant side during feature-based and singleton search suggests that spatial filtering involves active distractor suppression. These results challenge the assumption that feature-based attentional guidance is always spatially global. They suggest instead that when advance information about target locations becomes available, effective spatial filtering processes are activated transiently not only in singleton search, but also during search for feature-defined targets.

Spatial attention enhances network, cellular and subthreshold responses in mouse visual cortex

Internal brain states strongly modulate sensory processing during behaviour. Studies of visual processing in primates show that attention to space selectively improves behavioural and neural responses to stimuli at the attended locations. Here we develop a visual spatial task for mice that elicits behavioural improvements consistent with the effects of spatial attention, and simultaneously measure network, cellular, and subthreshold activity in primary visual cortex. During trial-by-trial behavioural improvements, local field potential (LFP) responses to stimuli detected inside the receptive field (RF) strengthen. Moreover, detection inside the RF selectively enhances excitatory and inhibitory neuron responses to task-irrelevant stimuli and suppresses noise correlations and low frequency LFP fluctuations. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings reveal that detection inside the RF increases synaptic activity that depolarizes membrane potential responses at the behaviorally relevant location. Our study establishes that mice display fundamental signatures of visual spatial attention spanning behavioral, network, cellular, and synaptic levels, providing new insight into rapid cognitive enhancement of sensory signals in visual cortex.

Estimated data for refuge area design in buildings of health care facilities

Introduction. When studying fire safety laws and regulations, including foreign ones, one can draw a conclusion that protecting people during evacuation is mainly ensured by dividing the building into fire compartments, specifying geometric properties of escape routes and exits, and by equipping buildings with automated fire prevention systems. However, in order to assess the actual possibility of evacuating people, their number, physical condition, and degree of mobility must be known, as well as the number of patients who will need to be moved on stretchers or in wheel-chairs. Main (analytical) part. This paper provides schedules for occupancy rates of medical departments in different units of a health care facility, namely, in the internal medicine and inpatient surgical units. Obtained empirical values presented in this publication are part of daily operating process and are included in the workflow: each day head nurses collect data on rates of patient occupancy in medical departments. The total number of processed empirical data was 297,000 values. Conclusions. The studies that have been carried out demonstrate which geometrical properties must be ensured for refuge areas and that buildings of the inpatient surgical type are the most relevant location where they can be designed. Areas of refuge must be provided for surgery and intensive care departments where people can wait for rescue. Some categories of patients in intensive care units, as well as in the surgical department, are not subject to evacuation, because it is not possible to interrupt surgeries after reaching a certain stage.

An assessment of the wind power dynamics in the European coastal environment

The objective of the proposed work is to assess the possible wind power dynamics along the European coastal environment in the context of the very predictable future development of the offshore wind energy extraction. From this perspective, 15 reference points have been selected in the Baltic, Mediterranean and Black seas, representing 5 representative locations for each sea, respectively. The proposed analysis is based on the wind fields provided by a Regional Climate Model (RCM) for the future time period 2021-2050. These data are processed and analysed considering the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios 4.5 and 8.5. In the first RCP scenario (4.5), an enhancement of the greenhouse gas emissions until 2040 is considered followed afterwards by a decline. On the other hand, the second scenario assumes that the greenhouse gas emissions enhancement will continue during the entire 21st century and after. The first scenario is considered as the most realistic approach, while the second as the most pessimistic. Furthermore, in order to complete the picture an analysis of the historical wind data coming from the same RCM for the past 30-year period 1976-2005 is also carried out. In this way, a more comprehensive image of the wind power dynamics in the some relevant locations from the European coastal environment is provided. In order to enlarge the perspective, the analysis of the historical data is also extended for some locations in the North Sea, where wind farms already operate. The results indicate a slight enhancement of the average wind power in most of the locations considered. This enhancement appears to be stronger for RCP8.5 than for RCP4.5. On the other hand, the maximum wind power is expected to have much higher peaks for RCP8.5 and this especially concerns the western side of the Black Sea. The work is still on going and the analysis will be extended in both space and time covering more coastal locations and the time period until the end of the 21 st century.

Exploring Uncertainty Measures in Bayesian Deep Attentive Neural Networks for Prostate Zonal Segmentation.

Automatic segmentation of prostatic zones on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) can improve the diagnostic workflow of prostate cancer. We designed a spatial attentive Bayesian deep learning network for the automatic segmentation of the peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) of the prostate with uncertainty estimation. The proposed method was evaluated by using internal and external independent testing datasets, and overall uncertainties of the proposed model were calculated at different prostate locations (apex, middle, and base). The study cohort included 351 MRI scans, of which 304 scans were retrieved from a de-identified publicly available datasets (PROSTATEX) and 47 scans were extracted from a large U.S. tertiary referral center (external testing dataset; ETD)). All the PZ and TZ contours were drawn by research fellows under the supervision of expert genitourinary radiologists. Within the PROSTATEX dataset, 259 and 45 patients (internal testing dataset; ITD) were used to develop and validate the model. Then, the model was tested independently using the ETD only. The segmentation performance was evaluated using the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). For PZ and TZ segmentation, the proposed method achieved mean DSCs of 0.80±0.05 and 0.89±0.04 on ITD, as well as 0.79±0.06 and 0.87±0.07 on ETD. For both PZ and TZ, there was no significant difference between ITD and ETD for the proposed method. This DL-based method enabled the accuracy of the PZ and TZ segmentation, which outperformed the state-of-art methods (Deeplab V3+, Attention U-Net, R2U-Net, USE-Net and U-Net). We observed that segmentation uncertainty peaked at the junction between PZ, TZ and AFS. Also, the overall uncertainties were highly consistent with the actual model performance between PZ and TZ at three clinically relevant locations of the prostate.

Geographical Indication

The present work discusses Geographical Indications, which have increasingly grown in Brazil, becoming of extreme importance for territorial development. With this in mind, this work is aimed at establishing a centrality indicator for municipalities, capable of contributing for Geographical indication, based on the development on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of services for promoting local development. The measurement of centrality adopted in this work is based on the arrangement of GDP data on services, according to the Central Place Theory, in which cities are hierarchically organised and some services are only provided by more relevant locations. The database used for assessing the levels of centrality of municipalities were divided into four different groups: participation of the gross value added of services, excluding public administration on the gross value at total current prices; in the state level; in the microregion; in the country. The analysis observed simple structure averages to operationalise the hierarchical ruler, having established that the best route concerned attributing weighting coefficients to the group of indicators through a linear combination algorithm. It is important to point out that the most important tool considered included the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Accordingly, it was established that a location is an important territory with what concerns the spatial contour, with the service sector (excluding the public service) having an impact on local economy. Therefore, the registration of a Geographical Indication may promote economic development, attributed to the increase in local production, demand and greater added value and, consequently, an upsurge in the generation of jobs and wealth, having a relevant impact in the notoriety of the region.

PERANAN BRITISH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL DI JAJAHAN DINDING, 1874-1942

Dinding, one of the British colonies was ceded to the Straits Settlements through Pangkor Treaty in 1874 as it has its own significance to both the British and Perak state. Asa result, economic and social growth at Dinding Settlement flourished and this was ideal for the British administration at relevant locations. In fact, expenses for Dinding were covered by the Straits Settlement administration. This article aims to investigate the extend of social and economic development brought by the British toDindingcolony. For this purpose, this research uses qualitative methods such as utilizes materials and data from National Archive Perak Branch, Malaysian National Archive, the University of Malaya mainlibrary, Zaa’ba library inthe University of Malaya and the list goes on. Findings show that the British succeeded in establishing the economicand social sectors in Dinding Colony during thetime mentioned Received: 12 December 2019 Reviewed: 12 December 2019 Accepted: 28 December 2019

ON FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE OPTIMAL NUMBER AND LOCATION OF LOADING BAYS IN URBAN AREAS

The paper is dealing with the problem of finding the optimal number and location of Loading Bays (LBs) for efficient urban last mile deliveries. To solve the problem a multi-parametric model of the idealized urban area is introduced and applied to various instances of a rectangular urban grid structured zones. Multi-parametric approach is used to assess statistically the most relevant number and location of LBs. Computational and graphical results of the idealized model exhibit geometric patterns showing that the optimal Number of LBs (#LB) naturally tends to perfect squares. Moreover, even in case of generalized instances, at a selected number of LBs their distribution is not random but follows specific laws. The optimality is closely related to the prefixed (maximal) walking distance dmax, from the LB to the customer. Based on various simulations the existence and robustness of a descending convex dependence dmax = (#LB) is proven. The results might serve as a decision-making tool to determine the optimal number and location of LBs for any real-life city centre.

A reduced Bloch operator finite element method for fast calculation of elastic complex band structures

This article presents an efficient reduced formulation of the Bloch Operator Finite Element method to calculate complex band structures of periodic waveguides. The use of a Bloch operator formulation allows building and solving a Bloch eigenvalue problem along a generic wave direction, thus being not limited to the unit cell Irreducible Brillouin Zone (IBZ) edges, so that band gap directionality and material absorption in elastic and damped waveguides can be fully disclosed. The proposed Reduced-Order Modeling (ROM) exploits a small set of Bloch modes, extracted at relevant frequency locations along one or more wave directions and post-processed with a Singular Value Decomposition, to reduce the dimensions of the eigenvalue problem. The performances of the proposed numerical technique are evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational saving by analyzing a linear elastic and a damped bi-periodic stubbed plate. Results demonstrate that the reduced formulation yields accurate predictions of propagative, evanescent and complex wave solutions with a reduction in computational time of more than one order of magnitude with respect to the full model calculations. Complex band structures can thus be efficiently computed over the whole IBZ.

A simplified risk-targeted decision model for the verification of the seismic performance of critical infrastructure components to the operational limit state

A simplified risk-targeted decision model for the verification of the seismic performance of infrastructure components to the operational limit state is presented. It assumes linearity between the intensity measure and the engineering demand parameter and requires the evaluation of the displacement demand for a hazard-targeted design earthquake and of the displacement capacity. The latter is defined as the ratio between the operational limit-state displacement and a risk-targeted safety factor, which depends on the seismicity of the relevant location, on the randomness of the intensity measures causing the operational limit-state, and on the acceptable (target) probability of exceeding this limit state. In the paper, the theoretical background of risk-targeted safety factor is first explained, followed by a discussion on the sensitivity of the risk-targeted safety factor to the input parameters. The design procedure involving the simplified risk-targeted decision model is then introduced and demonstrated by means of an example of a simple pipe rack located at a petrochemical plant. Within the scope of the presented example, the operational limit-state displacement of the pipe rack is estimated on the basis of the limit-state strains of a pipe attached to the frame. The risk-targeted safety factor is then evaluated, and the frame is designed. It is shown that the application of the proposed procedure is straightforward once the operational limit-state displacement has been determined. The advantage of the procedure is that the target risk is accounted for by the risk-targeted safety factor, which can be calculated with respect to the importance of the equipment of the critical infrastructure. Additionally, the proposed decision model can be easily adopted by engineers, because the seismic demand is calculated by analogy to the Eurocode. However, at this stage of the research, the application of the proposed decision model is limited to structures that do not exhibit any significant nonlinear seismic response at the operational limit state, and to structures where the equal displacement rule applies.

Investigation of accurate location planning for wind farm establishment: a case study

Purpose Wind as a major source of renewable energy has received tremendous attentions due to its unique features to reduce carbon emission and also to keep the environment safe. Nevertheless, to use wind energy properly, the environmental circumstances and geographical location related to wind intensity should be considered as a priority. Different factors may affect the selection of a suitable location for developments of wind power plants; thus, these factors should be considered concurrently to identify the optimum location of wind plants. Design/methodology/approach In this study, first, basic data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used, then dual DEA was used and, finally, Anderson Petersen (AP) model of dual DEA was selected to prioritize cities or decision-making units (DMUs). Numerical Taxonomy (NT) method was also used to assess the validity of AP dual model in DEA. The prescribed approach was applied for five cities in East Azerbaijan province of Iran. Findings The results indicate that wind power as a renewable energy can be harnessed in few cities, and the ranking by DEA illustrated that the city of Tabriz is the first priority. Practical implications Low environmental degradation effects in comparison to other methods and the ability to utilization at a widespread level include the benefits of using wind energy in the generation of electricity. In this regard, the study of relevant potentials and finding suitable locations for the deployment of wind energy utilization equipment are essential. Using DEA method helps us to choose optimal locations according to different criteria. Social implications Wind energy is justifiable in reducing social costs in comparison with fossil fuel plants, which includes negative effects, and its electricity can be used as a sustainable energy in the country's economic, social and cultural development. Originality/value For identifying the most proper location for development of wind power plants in Iran, DEA is applied for the first time to prioritize the suitable locations for installations of wind turbines among five different cities in the East Azerbaijan region. A number of crucial factors including land price, distance to power, rate of natural hazards, wind speed and topography are considered for location optimization of wind turbines for the first time. Also, to validate the results of DEA method, NT method is used to assess the validity of AP dual model in DEA.

Freely-selected and forced-choice responses bind with relevant object-occupied locations in visuospatial tasks.

Past work has shown that cued manual responses in visuo-identity tasks bind to irrelevant stimulus features, present at the time these responses were executed (prime trial). These response bindings manifested their existence via impacts on later related processing (probe trial). Here, we extended this prior research by showing that response binding is likely a pervasive processing characteristic. We saw that uncertain prime-trial responses (i.e., free-choice, forced-choice) did bind to the relevant "location" feature of the prime stimulus in a visuospatial task (i.e., R-L binding). Overall, R-L binding evidence was better for within-hand than for between-hand probe-trial finger competitions and better for probe trial response selection preferences than for their reaction time (RT) data. R-L binding evidence was entirely absent, however, for forced-choice probe trials. Evidence that the prime response binds to irrelevant prime display features (i.e., prime stimulus identity [R-I binding]) was virtually absent. Other results indicated that R-I likely exists, but that its probe-trial manifestation is prevented by the involvement of R-L binding. Response binding impacts on later processing should be considered when interpreting RT data. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Abstract B041: Establishment of orthotopic syngeneic models using bioluminescence imaging to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment for evaluation of immuno-oncology therapies

Abstract Background: The emergence of immuno-oncology (IO) therapies have shown promising benefit in various cancer types. The full potential of these therapies are still being realized, with the use of combinatorial treatments and overcoming resistance being areas of significant interest. Subcutaneous syngeneic models have been widely used to evaluate the efficacy and to understand the mechanisms of action of IO therapies. One main limitation of subcutaneous models is the lack of a clinically relevant tumor microenvironment (TME), which is known to play a pivotal role in the success of IO therapies. More clinically relevant TME can be established with orthotopic models where tumor cells are inoculated in a relevant organ-specific location to recapitulate the immune and stromal component interactions with the tumor, which can also facilitate metastatic spread. Using bioluminescent imaging (BLI), tumor development and progression, together with response to therapy, can be monitored in real-time. We have generated a panel of bioluminescent syngeneic cell lines that can be used to evaluate various therapies in both orthotopic and metastatic settings. Method: Bioluminescent variants of syngeneic cell lines were generated in house by transducing the cell lines with a lentiviral vector carrying the firefly luciferase gene. This panel represents a diverse range of cancer types including liver (Hepa 1-6 and HT22), breast (4T1), colon (CT26), brain (GL261) and pancreas (Pan02). These bioluminescent cells were orthotopically transplanted into immune competent mice, where primary tumor growth was measured by in life BLI, and metastasis assessed by ex vivo imaging. Results: Similar to subcutaneous syngeneic models, the success rate of tumor transplantation was very high as confirmed by in-life imaging and ex vivo imaging at termination. These models have first been evaluated using various checkpoint inhibitors to establish baseline responses. Various responses were observed when compared with subcutaneous model. For example, Hepa 1-6 showed very good response to anti-PD-1 antibody in both the subcutaneous and orthotopic setting. Interestingly, another liver cancer model, H22, responded to anti-CTLA4 antibody as a subcutaneous model but was refractory to the same dosing scheme in the orthotopic model. Conclusion: Syngeneic orthotopic mouse models offer a valuable platform for testing IO therapies with a more clinical relevant TME in comparison to a subcutaneous site. The establishment of a range of models covering diverse tumor types allows for interrogation of the therapeutic potential of novel anti-cancer agents across various cancers. Citation Format: Bryan Miller, Yanrui Song, Jason Davis, Rajendra Kumari, Davy Xuesong Ouyang, Henry Qixiang Li, Yinfei Yin. Establishment of orthotopic syngeneic models using bioluminescence imaging to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment for evaluation of immuno-oncology therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B041. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-B041