Relevant Literature References Research Articles

Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of recurrence and metastasis of different surgical techniques for non-small cell lung cancer

IntroductionLung cancer remains the primary cause of cancer-related deaths on a global scale. Surgery is the main therapeutic option for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the optimal surgical approach...

Dealing with Evidence in Dental Professional Liability Lawsuits-General Recommendations for Dental Expert Witness Work Using the Example of Germany: A Narrative Review.

Dental treatment can lead to disputes between patients and dentists, which are then brought before the civil courts as medical malpractice cases. The court regularly commissions a dental expert to answer questions of evidence in court. In the majority of cases, the expert is able to answer these questions based on his professional expertise and practical experience. In order to make the assessment comprehensible and credible for the judge and the parties, it can be helpful and reasonable to cite relevant literature references from dental textbooks and specialist journals. In individual cases, it may be necessary to carry out a systematic literature search on specific topics. Based on the situation in Germany, this narrative review makes recommendations of how to perform a literature search and make citations specifically for expert opinions that are generally applicable independent of national jurisdiction.

Effectiveness of Taohong Siwu decoction in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in hip surgery patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) combined with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), as well as THSWD alone, on the incidence of Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), D-dimer levels, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, and calf swelling in patients undergoing hip fracture or replacement surgery, compared to LMWH. According to the predefined inclusion criteria, we conducted a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy of THSWD combined with LMWH or THSWD compared to LMWH in patients with hip fractures or undergoing replacement surgery. The search was performed across multiple databases including China National Knowledge Internet, WanFang, Sinomed, Duxiu, PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Web of Science from their inception until December 2023. Additionally, relevant literature references were retrieved and hand searching of pertinent journals was conducted. The methodological quality assessment of the included trials was carried out following the guidelines outlined in the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.4 was applied in analyzing and synthesizing. A total of 18 RCTs with 1353 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, the combined group had a better effect on the incidence of DVT [RR = 0.32, 95% CI(0.17, 0.58; P = .0002], D-dimer [SMD = -5.88, 95% CI(-7.66, -4.11); P < .00001], VAS [MD = -1.16, 95% CI(-1.81, -0.50); P = .0005], Calf circumference difference [MD = -0.56, 95% CI(-1.05, -0.08); P = .02]. There was no significant difference in PT and APTT between the combined group and the control group. Meta-analysis results show that the D-dimer, incidence of DVT, PT, and APTT did not significantly differ between the THSWD and the LMWH groups. This meta-analysis shows that compared with LMWH, THSWD combined with LMWH has a better efficacy in the treatment of DVT after hip surgery, without a significant increase in the incidence of adverse events. Additionally, the combined therapy can also reduce D-dimer, VAS, and swelling. However, due to the limitations of the included studies (such as small sample size and low-quality evidence), the results need to be further verified in more rigorous multicenter clinical trials with a large sample size.

Comparison of postoperative complications in mediastinal lymph node dissection versus mediastinal lymph node sampling for early stage non-small cell lung cancer: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The most effective treatment for early stage (I-II) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is surgical resection. However, the extent of mediastinal lymph nodes removal required and the impact of their removal remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the postoperative complications in patients with stage I-II NSCLC who received mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND) or mediastinal lymph node sampling (MLNS). According to the predefined inclusion criteria, we will conduct a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies examining the postoperative complications of MLND compared to MLNS in patients with stage I-II NSCLC. The search will be performed across multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, Sinomed, VIP, Duxiu, and Web of Science from inception to February 2024. Additionally, relevant literature references will be retrieved and hand searching of pertinent journals will be conducted. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment will be performed by two independent reviewers. Review Manager 5.4 will be applied in analyzing and synthesizing. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) will be used to assess the quality of evidence for the whole RCTs and used Newcastle-Ottawa scale to assess the methodologic quality of observational studies. This study did not include personal information. Ethical approval was not required for this study. This study is based on a secondary analysis of the literature, so ethical review approval is not required. The final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. This systematic review will contribute to compare the safety and survival benefits of these two surgical techniques for the treatment of early stage NSCLC, to further guide the selection of surgical approaches. The protocol of the systematic review has been registered on Open Science Framework, with a registration number of DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/N2Y5D.

A new mountain species of Lasiopogon from Corsica (Diptera, Asilidae)

This is the first Corsican record of a robber fly in the genus Lasiopogon Loew, 1847. This species is new to science and probably endemic to Corsica. Lasiopogon corsicus n. sp. is described. By its phallus this species resembles L. fourcatensis Timon-David, 1950. The specimens were collected around characteristic mountain wetlands called Pozzines during the first phase of the “Our Planet Reviewed in Corsica 2019-2021” survey. Their discovery illustrates the significant contribution of this kind of scientific survey in an isolated biotope. Relevant literature references concerning the French Lasiopogon fauna are provided.

Duct flow with leakage

The effect of wall leakage on the traditional duct flow equations based of the balance of mass, momentum and mechanical energy applied on a duct section is considered. Application of the momentum balance produces a Bernoulli equation type form, where the multiplier 1/2 in the dynamic pressure is however replaced by the value 1. Some relevant literature references are discussed. As an application, a nozzle duct flow problem is treated.

Perkembangan Library Cafe dalam Mendorong Produktivitas Pemustaka di Indonesia: Studi Literatur

Library cafes are one of the developments currently being carried out in several libraries in Indonesia. However, there are views that agree and disagree with the concept of cafes in libraries. This research aims to identify and analyze the development of library cafes in Indonesia. The development of the library cafe application is discussed based on various available literature. This research uses a qualitative approach with a research method, namely literature study. Data was obtained from relevant literature references such as books, journals, activity reports, and websites relevant to the problem theme. The analysis process is carried out on the data obtained, namely by making data reduction, data presentation, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. There are several differences in how library cafes are called, such as library cafe, libri cafe, library cafe or library cafe, literacy cafe, and library cafe. The library cafe has many programs such as book reviews, discussions, music concerts and others. The aim of developing a library cafe is to improve the quality of the library and the number of user visits. The advantages and disadvantages contained in the library cafe can be used as a basis for improving and improving library services.

Feynman path-integral strong-field dynamics calculation method

The emergence and development of ultrafast intense lasers and attosecond measurement techniques have made it possible to observe and control the motions of electrons on a timescale of attoseconds and a spatial scale of atoms. With the improvement of experimental measurement accuracy, higher requirements are put forward for the accuracy of theoretical calculation methods. Extracting temporal and spatial information about ultrafast dynamics from experimental results through using theoretical models presents a significant challenge. Compared with the exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, the Feynman path-integral method for strong-field dynamics calculations offers a simpler model and higher computational efficiency. The electronic wave packet is regarded as a particle with different initial states, and by analyzing the motion of the particle, the causes of various nonlinear physical phenomena in strong fields can be clarified. This work introduces the saddle point approximation into strong field dynamics calculations based on the strong field approximation theory. Furthermore, the Coulomb-corrected strong field approximation method, trajectory-based Coulomb-corrected strong field approximation method, and Coulomb quantum trajectory strong field approximation method are presented in detail. This review aims to provide relevant methods and literature references for studying strong field dynamics theoretical calculations and also to present some ideas for developing new algorithms.

Design of a Hybrid Electric Power-Split Transmission for Braking Energy Recovery in a Drilling Rig

Despite the promising potential of the hybrid electric power-split layout, its broader market penetration is prevented by the large number of feasible solutions and the constructive complexity, which overcomplicate the design process. Moreover, due to the lack of relevant literature references, the power-split transmissions design is even more difficult if concerning applications outside the automotive and agricultural sectors. In this paper, a general parametric model already available in the literature to design a single-mode power-split transmission with up to two planetary gear sets and six ordinary gear sets was applied to hybridize an oil drilling rig to recover energy braking during the gravity-driven lowering phases. This is the first power-split electric hybridization of a drilling rig. Two solutions differing in engine power size are presented. Thanks to the modularity of the model, the procedure enabled the optimization of the ICE, the electric machines, and the gear sets through decoupled design phases.

Interventions to promote the implementation of pressure injuries prevention measures in nursing homes: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionCurrently, various guidelines and documents on the prevention of pressure injuries have been published, but there are many serious lags in the actual practice in nursing homes. So some interventions...

State of the art on composite cold‐formed steel flooring systems

AbstractThis article presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art in composite cold‐formed steel flooring research over the past couple of years. The most relevant and significant literature references were reviewed to provide some insights into trends and developments in composite cold‐formed steel floors. Advantages of this type of composite flooring system are also highlighted. A broad description of mainly two types of composite floor – mainly consisting of cold‐formed steel and concrete, and cold‐formed steel and timber‐based floorboards – are outlined in this study. The experimental and numerical investigations that have been carried out worldwide are likewise discussed in the paper. The most important aspects covered are shear connection behaviour and the flexural and dynamic behaviour of the floors. There is also a brief description of fire testing.

Study on the influencing factors of rural tourism behavior intention in China based on the theory of planned behavior

With the gradual improvement of China's residents' economic level, the continuous improvement of the holiday system, and the main purpose of relaxing mood and experiencing life, rural tourism has developed rapidly. In order to further achieve the goals of farmers' entrepreneurship, agricultural income increase, rural prosperity, and tourism management departments and tourism enterprises' management and operation objectives, this paper puts forward research hypotheses on the basis of relevant literature review and references. Based on the previous research results, this paper designs a questionnaire on Residents' rural tourism behavior intention, and uses SPSS23.0 to conduct correlation analysis and hypothesis test on the sample data, and draws the following conclusions: (1) rural tourism attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control have a significant positive impact on rural tourism behavior intention; (2) policy system and resource conditions have a significant positive impact on rural tourism behavior intention; (3) policy system has a significant positive impact on subjective norms and perceived behavior control, and resource conditions have a significant positive impact on rural tourism attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control.

MarkerDB: an online database of molecular biomarkers.

MarkerDB is a freely available electronic database that attempts to consolidate information on all known clinical and a selected set of pre-clinical molecular biomarkers into a single resource. The database includes four major types of molecular biomarkers (chemical, protein, DNA [genetic] and karyotypic) and four biomarker categories (diagnostic, predictive, prognostic and exposure). MarkerDB provides information such as: biomarker names and synonyms, associated conditions or pathologies, detailed disease descriptions, detailed biomarker descriptions, biomarker specificity, sensitivity and ROC curves, standard reference values (for protein and chemical markers), variants (for SNP or genetic markers), sequence information (for genetic and protein markers), molecular structures (for protein and chemical markers), tissue or biofluid sources (for protein and chemical markers), chromosomal location and structure (for genetic and karyotype markers), clinical approval status and relevant literature references. Users can browse the data by conditions, condition categories, biomarker types, biomarker categories or search by sequence similarity through the advanced search function. Currently, the database contains 142 protein biomarkers, 1089 chemical biomarkers, 154 karyotype biomarkers and 26 374 genetic markers. These are categorized into 25 560 diagnostic biomarkers, 102 prognostic biomarkers, 265 exposure biomarkers and 6746 predictive biomarkers or biomarker panels. Collectively, these markers can be used to detect, monitor or predict 670 specific human conditions which are grouped into 27 broad condition categories. MarkerDB is available at https://markerdb.ca.

Scientometrics Approach to Research in Ovine Mastitis from 1970 to 2019 (with a Complete List of Relevant Literature References).

The present study is a scientometrics evaluation of refereed publications on bacterial mastitis in sheep; the objectives were the evaluation of the relevant papers and the presentation of quantitative characteristics regarding their scientific content and bibliometric details. The Web of Science platform was used with search terms: [mastitis OR *mammary infection*] AND [sheep OR ewe* OR ovine] for papers from 1970 tο 2019; only ‘articles’, ‘reviews’, ‘proceedings papers’, or ‘data papers’ were evaluated, whilst documents related solely to contagious agalactia, mammary aspects of lentiviral infections, or infections of the teats and the udder skin were excluded. Finally, 580 papers were considered in detail. The number of published papers increased from 8 during the 1970s to 273 during the 2010s. These papers originated from 43 countries (most from Greece or Spain, n = 87 from each) and 240 institutions (145 universities and 95 other establishments), of which 35 produced ≥ 5 papers each. Most papers present original studies (n = 539) with a few reviews (n = 41). The original papers refer to dairy (n = 428), meat (n = 113), or wool (n = 1) production systems and present field (n = 329), laboratory (n = 163), or experimental (n = 67) work; the papers report aetiology (n = 146), risk factors (n = 100), pathogenesis (n = 92), diagnosis (n = 88), effects (n = 66), treatment (n = 50), control (n = 36), or descriptive epidemiology (n = 32) of the disease. Papers related to dairy production present more field and fewer experimental work than papers related to meat production; also, in papers describing work performed in dairy sheep, studies about aetiology, risk factors, and diagnosis of the disease predominate, whilst in papers performed in meat sheep, studies about aetiology, pathogenesis, and effects/diagnosis are reported more often. The papers were published in 175 scientific journals (most in Small Ruminant Research, n = 90, or Journal of Dairy Science, n = 54). On average, the papers received 16.8 total citations and 1.6 yearly citations (h-index = 47). Most papers were published in Scimago classification Q1 (n = 240) or Q2 (n = 230) journals and received 23.4 or 15.4 total citations, respectively. Reviews received more citations than original papers; among the latter, papers with work referring to dairy production received more yearly citations than papers referring to meat production; no differences in citations were seen according to type of work or mastitis aspect covered. Most citations were received by papers from France. Papers published in Journal of Dairy Science or Small Ruminant Research received the most citations. In total, there were 1558 individual authors of the papers, with 24 authors having co-authored > 10 papers each (max: 73 papers); on average, there were 5.2 co-authors per paper (min–max: 1–25). Average number of co-authors progressively increased from 2.1 in the 1970s to 6.3 in the 2010s, with original papers having a higher number of co-authors than reviews: 5.3 and 3.7, respectively. Papers from France had highers number of co-authors (7.9). The findings of this first ever scientometrics study into ovine mastitis indicate that the disease has not been studied as other sheep diseases and that future studies in it should be directed to its control.

Meta-analysis of immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer patients.

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the incidence of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) of up to 50% has prevented their widespread use. With the increase in the use of ICIs alone or as combination therapy, clinicians are required to have a better understanding of irAEs and be able to manage them systematically. In this study, we aimed to assess the incidence of irAEs associated with ICIs.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science databases, and also included relevant literature references to widen our search. The relevant data with inclusion criteria were performed using RevMan 3.6.0 for meta‐analysis. We undertook a systematic literature search which included published data up to December 2019.ResultsOverall, 147 articles and 23 761 cancer patients with 11 different ICI treatment‐related (grade 1–5 and 3–5) irAEs were included in the study. There were 46 articles on pembrolizumab (6598 patients), 27 on nivolumab (3576 patients), 13 on atezolizumab (2787 patients), 12 on avelumab (3213 patients), 10 on durvalumab (1780 patients), 22 on ipilimumab (4067 patients), eight on tremelimumab (1158 patients), three on JS001 (223 patients), four on camrelizumab (SHR‐1210) (178 patients), one on sintilimab (96 patients), and one on cemiplimab (85 patients). Grade 1–5 irAEs were: cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) (82.87%), programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) (71.89%), and programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) (58.95%). Subgroup analysis was: Avelumab (44.53%), durvalumab (66.63%), pembrolizumab (67.25%), atezolizumab (68.77%), nivolumab (76.25%), Ipilimumab (82.18%), and tremelimumab (86.78%). Grade 3–5 irAEs were: CTLA‐4 (27.22%), PD‐1(17.29%), and PD‐L1(17.29%). Subgroup analysis was: Avelumab (5.86%), durvalumab (13.43%), atezolizumab (14.45%), nivolumab (15.72%), pembrolizumab (16.58%), tremelimumab (22.04%), and ipilimumab (28.27%).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis confirmed that anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐PD‐L1 inhibitors had a lower incidence of irAEs compared with anti‐CTLA‐4 inhibitors.

An annotated catalogue of Elachistinae of the World (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Elachistidae).

An annotated catalogue of world species of Elachistinae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Elachistidae) is presented. The classification follows recent phylogenetic studies. Genera and the species within each genus are listed in alphabetical order. All family, genus and species-group names of Elachistinae published before 28 August 2018 are treated. Sixty-six genus-group names are listed, 60 of which are nomenclaturally available. In the classification followed in this catalogue the species are placed in 10 genera. There are 1016 nomenclaturally available and 106 unavailable species-group names. Of these,805 names are currently considered to represent valid species. For each species the following data are given: the reference to the original publication and the page; type locality; deposition of the name-bearing types; in the genus Elachista, the taxonomic rank with the subgenus and the informal species group when applicable; distribution; larval host plants; references to essential illustrations, and remarks, when needed. Synonyms are listed under valid names; distribution with geographic area and country records, for Australia, Canada and U.S.A. territories, provinces and states are given; Russia is divided into subregions. Larval host plant records are listed with notes regarding uncertain records. When possible, original references that are considered trustworthy in later literature are given, as well as relevant literature references for illustrations for each species. Synonymies, incorrect subsequent spellings and misspellings are listed under each species with full reference. Alphabetical lists are given for subfamily and infra-generic groupings of species of the genus Elachista, to summarize the placement of each species in its subgenus and species group within the subgenera. 110 valid and one unavailable species-group names originally described to genera currently considered elachistines, but later removed, are listed. When known, their current identity is given. The following taxonomic changes are made: Elachista amseli (Parenti, 1981), a secondary junior homonym of E. amseli Rebel, 1933, is replaced with E. parentii nom. nov.; Hemiprosopa asiatica Sinev, 1998 = Elachista asiatica (Sinev, 1998) stat. nov., comb. nov.; E. bipunctella (Sinev Sruoga, 1995), a junior secondary homonym of E. bipunctella Treitschke, 1833, is replaced as E. ochropunctosa Kaila, nom. nov.; Elachista cerusella f. juncta Dufrane, 1957 is raised as species-rank name Elachista juncta Dufrane, 1957 stat. nov., a synonym of E. maculicerusella Bruand; Svenssonia corsicana Tautel Nel, 2010 is transferred to Elachista (Aphelosetia), comb. n.; E. cupreella Blanchard, 1852 is transferred to Perittia, comb. nov.; E. flammeaepennella Costa, 1836 is raised as valid species, stat. rev.; Illantis Meyrick, 1921 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Elachista, syn. nov.; I. picroleuca Meyrick, 1921 is transferred to Elachista, comb. nov.; E. kosteri Traugott-Olsen, 1995 = E. differens Parenti, 1978, syn. nov.; E. oritropha Bradley, 1965 = E. iriphaea (Meyrick, 1932), syn. nov.; Paraperittia Rebel, 1916 = Phaulernis Meyrick, 1895 (Epermeniidae) syn. nov.; P. uniformella Rebel, 1916 = Phaulernis dentella (Zeller, 1839), syn. nov.; and E. zernyi Hartig, 1941 = E. stelviella Amsel, 1932, syn. nov. A lectotype is designated for Paraperittia uniformella Rebel. Elachista macquartella Duponchel, 1840 is considered a nomen oblitum, stat. nov.

Efectos de los esteroides como inductores de maduración pulmonar en restricción del crecimiento intrauterino. Revisión sistemática

IntroductionIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. This includes increased foetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, as well as prematurity. Glucocorticoids are given routinely to women between 24-34 weeks gestation at risk of preterm delivery. These are given to promote the production of surfactant. Although it has been postulated that the exogenous administration in IUGR may not provide any extra benefit, there is insufficient evidence to support its use in this sub-group of patients. MethodsIn order to perform this systematic review, a search was made of the Medline, PubMed and Cochrane databases for relevant literature references. Those studies with a higher level of evidence that administered glucocorticoids (dexamethasone or betamethasone) to induce pulmonary maturation were selected and were compared with those using no treatment, during weeks 24-34 weeks gestation in pregnancies diagnosed with IUGR. ResultsAfter assessment of the methodology, 6 items were used to create this review. ConclusionsAssessing the use of glucocorticoids in the pre-term foetus population with growth restriction remains controversial, with no randomised clinical studies in humans that allow us to make recommendations suitable for use.

The relationship between viral infection and nasal polyps:A Meta-analysis

Objective:The relationship between viral infection and the occurrence of nasal polyps was explored to help us understand the etiology and pathogenesis of nasal polyps, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of nasal polyps through a Meta-analysis. Method:By searching Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database, time starts from database building until January 1, 2018, a comprehensive case-control study on the relationship between human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), respiratory virus infection and nasal polyps published at home and abroad has been conducted. At the same time, relevant literature references have been included and the full texts have been obtained. Stata 12.0 analysis software was used to perform statistical processing on each original data.Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were adopted to assess the strength of association. Result:21 articles with 24 studies were included on the relationship between HPV, EBV, respiratory viral infection and nasal polyps. The Meta-analysis results showed that the OR of HPV infection and nasal polyps was 6.74, 95%CI was 2.50－18.20, P<0.001, the OR of EBV and nasal polyps was 5.15, 95%CI was 1.66－16.02, P=0.005, the OR of respiratory viruses and nasal polyps was 1.68, 95%CI was 0.93－3.03, P=0.087.There was no significant publication bias in all of the comparisons. Conclusion:HPV and EBV infection were closely associated with the nasal polyps. Respiratory viral infection was not associated with the nasal polyps. Viral infection may be one of the etiologies of nasal polyps. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. The prevention and treatment of the virus infection should be targeted at early intervention.

The role of loyalty programs in healthcare service ecosystems

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of patient loyalty programs in healthcare environment, generally considered as a way to engage patients and potentially increase the perception of service quality of healthcare systems, but not systematically analyzed at the state of the art.Design/methodology/approachThe Service Dominant logic and, in particular, the service ecosystem construct are adopted and integrated with relevant literature references and empirical studies on a sample of patients. Loyalty programs are interpreted as institutions coordinating actors of the healthcare service ecosystem.FindingsA conceptual model linking loyalty programs to patients and healthcare providers’ co-creation practices, engagement, satisfaction, trust, and perception of service quality is build and explained based on literature and a case study, finding that loyalty programs can strengthen the adaptability and the well-being of a healthcare service ecosystem.Practical implicationsThis contribution can have a significant impact on the design of new and the evolution of current healthcare service ecosystem, providing interesting insights to practitioners on the topic of loyalty programs, both for their development and their benefits.Originality/valueThe paper revised previous healthcare service ecosystems and highlights the role of the loyalty program institution at each level and between levels of the ecosystem.

Terlipressin versus other vasoactive drugs for hepatorenal syndrome.

Hepatorenal syndrome is defined as severe renal failure occurring in people with cirrhosis and ascites. Systematic reviews of randomised clinical trials found that, compared with placebo, terlipressin may reduce mortality and improve renal function in people with hepatorenal syndrome, but we need current evidence from systematic reviews on the benefits and harms of terlipressin versus other vasoactive drugs. To evaluate the beneficial and harmful effects of terlipressin versus other vasoactive drugs for people with hepatorenal syndrome. We searched The Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Science Citation Index Expanded; conducted manual searches of references in relevant literature; and wrote to experts and pharmaceutical companies (date of last search November 2016). Randomised clinical trials comparing terlipressin versus any other type of vasoactive drugs for hepatorenal syndrome. We allowed albumin and other cointerventions if provided equally in the comparison groups. Three authors independently extracted data. The primary outcomes were mortality, hepatorenal syndrome (persistent hepatorenal syndrome despite treatment), and serious adverse events. We conducted meta-analyses and present the results as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We performed sensitivity, subgroup, and Trial Sequential Analyses and evaluated bias control based on the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group domains. We included 10 randomised clinical trials with 474 participants. The trials compared terlipressin versus noradrenaline (seven trials), octreotide (one trial), midodrine and octreotide (one trial), or dopamine (one trial). All participants in both groups received albumin as cointervention. We classified two trials at low risk of bias and eight trials at high risk of bias in the assessment of mortality and all trials at high risk of bias for remaining outcomes. In five trials, investigators specifically stated that they did not receive funding from for-profit organisations. We had no information about the funding source from the remaining five trials.Terlipressin was not superior or inferior compared with other vasoactive drugs in regard to mortality when including the two trials with a low risk of bias (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.36; 94 participants, very low quality evidence) or when including all 10 trials (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.06; 474 participants; I² = 0%; very low quality evidence). One meta-analysis including nine trials suggested a beneficial effect of terlipressin on hepatorenal syndrome (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.99; 394 participants; I² = 26%; very low quality evidence). Due to the high mortality of hepatorenal syndrome, the registration of other serious adverse events is uncertain, but comparing terlipressin and other vasoactive drugs we found no significant difference (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.06; 474 participants; I² = 0%; very low quality evidence). Several trials did not report systematically of adverse events, but terlipressin seemed to increase the risks of diarrhoea or abdominal pain, or both (RR 3.50, 95% CI 1.19 to 10.27; 221 participants; 5 trials, I² = 0%). However, Trial Sequential Analyses found insufficient evidence to support or refute any differences between interventions for all outcomes. Considering reversal of hepatorenal syndrome, subgroup analyses on the type of other vasoactive drugs found that terlipressin was superior compared with midodrine and octreotide (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.72) or octreotide alone (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.96), but each subgroup only included one small trial. None of the remaining subgroup or sensitivity analyses found differences between terlipressin and other vasoactive drugs. We downgraded the evidence to very low quality because of the high risk of bias, imprecision, and the results of the Trial Sequential Analyses. This review found insufficient evidence to support or refute beneficial or harmful effects of terlipressin and albumin versus other vasoactive drugs and albumin. Additional research is needed to evaluate if clinically meaningful differences exist between interventions.