Relevant Company Research Articles

Market Valuation of Risk Reporting: The Role of Business Model Disclosure

Narrative risk reporting is essential to providing investors with information about company risks. Recent regulations require large companies to disclose narrative information about their main risks, opportunities, and business model (BM) value drivers. While only minimum disclosure requirements are defined, principle‐based guidelines have suggested that companies contextualize risk disclosure by linking it to BM information. Hence, this study investigates the level of integration of BM reporting and risk reporting, and the consequences of such an integration on market values. This research analyzes the annual reports of a sample of UK‐listed companies over four years. Risk disclosure indexes are developed to capture the quality and integration of risk information, and value‐relevance analyses are carried out to investigate the impact of risk reporting on market values. The analyses indicate that narrative risk information is value relevant only when integrated with BM reporting. Additional analyses show that risk information is associated with reduced information asymmetry but only when disclosed risk factors are related to BM information. Hence, BM disclosure can serve as a filter to identify and interpret the most relevant company's risks. The results are valuable to various stakeholders, including academics, standard setters, and professional bodies. The study's policy implications suggest the need to develop guidelines clarifying the definitions of BM and risk and ways to integrate the narrative information, in light of recent regulatory developments in the EU.

Assessment of conflicts of interest in literature on monoclonal antibodies for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis using the Open Payments Database.

Accurate conflict of interest (COI) information is essential for promoting transparency and trust in research. We aim to assess COI disclosure patterns in monoclonal antibodies (MABs) research for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) using the Open Payments Database (OPD). Studies on FDA-approved MABs for CRSwNP (dupilumab, omalizumab, mepolizumab) published between 2019 and 2021 with at least one US author were identified through PubMed. Industry-reported payments from the manufacturers (Sanofi, Regeneron, Genentech, Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline) between 2018 and 2021 in OPD's General Payments category were collected. Authors were cross-checked against OPD metadata using a previously published ChatGPT-based algorithm. Additionally, this novel algorithm analyzed COI statements for relevant author‒company specific disclosures, identifying disclosed and undisclosed payments made 3‒15 months prior to publication. A total of 214 unique authors from 76 studies were included. Of 30 articles that received at least one relevant payment, 21 (70%) were found to have an undisclosed COI, with a mean total undisclosed payment of $4890 and a median of $10,331. Fifty-six authors had relevant OPD payments and 40 (71.4%) authors did not declare a potential COI. Interestingly, 158 authors had no relevant payments and 62 (39.2%) declared a potential COI. Author order was not significantly associated with potential under- or over-disclosure. This study characterizes COI disclosure patterns in rhinosinusitis-relevant MABs research using a novel automated approach. Given the discrepancy between disclosures and industry-reported payments, our findings suggest a need for improved disclosure education and practices.

Analysis of the Prices of Recycling Byproducts Obtained from Mechanical–Biological Treatment Plants in the Valencian Community (Spain)

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Spain, particularly in the Valencian Community, heavily relies on mechanical–biological treatment (MBT) plants followed by landfill disposal. These MBT facilities utilize mechanical processes like shredding, screening, and sorting to segregate recyclables (metals, plastics, paper) from organic material and other nonrecyclables. While public funding supports these plants, private entities manage them through complex, long-term concession contracts. This structure restricts access to crucial data on the sale prices of the byproducts generated during MBT. Publicly available information on relevant company and administration websites is typically absent, hindering transparency surrounding byproduct revenue. This study addresses this gap by analyzing 2012’s available data on revenues obtained from byproduct sales following mechanical treatment at MBT plants within the Valencian Community and comparing them with Spanish national data. This research revealed a significant finding—the statistical distribution of average prices obtained from Ecoembes auctions in the Valencian Community mirrored the corresponding distribution for prices calculated from auctions conducted in other Spanish regions. This suggests a potential uniformity in byproduct pricing across the country. It has also been found that none of the analyzed price distributions exhibited a normal (Gaussian) distribution. The findings also highlight the need for alternative pricing models that move beyond simple averages and account for regional variations and outliers. As actual prices are not available after 2012, this lack of transparency poses a challenge in comprehensively evaluating the economic viability of MBT plants. Furthermore, it raises concerns regarding whether the revenue generated from byproduct sales reflects fair market value. Limited public access to this information can potentially indicate conflicts of interest or inefficiencies within the waste management system.

Efek Risiko Bisnis, Risiko Keuangan Dan Growth Opportunity Pada Struktur Modal Perusahaan Manufaktur Food And Beverage

This research is research that aims to analyze the influence of business risk, financial risk, and growth opportunity on the capital structure of food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) for the 2020-2022 period. The background to this research is the occurrence of fluctuations which tend to decrease the company's capital structure. This type of research is associative research. The kind of approach used is a quantitative approach. Sampling in this research used the purposive sampling method. Purposive sampling is a technique for determining samples based on special considerations so that they are worthy of being used as samples. The sample in this study consisted of 14 food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index. The data used in the research is secondary data obtained from the official website of each relevant company. The research results show that partial financial risk has a positive effect on capital structure. Meanwhile, business risk and growth opportunity do not affect capital structure.

Dinamika Profitabilitas dan Kebijakan Hutang: Dampaknya terhadap Evaluasi Nilai Perusahaan melalui Kebijakan Dividen

In a dynamic business environment, companies are faced with the challenge of maximizing company value. Profitability and debt policy have been identified as key factors influencing company valuation. This research aims to understand the complex relationship between profitability and debt policy, and analyze how the interaction of these two factors influences the assessment of company value through the influence of dividend policy. This research method involves careful statistical analysis of the relevant company's financial data. Time series data will be taken from financial reports for a certain period, and a regression model will be used to measure the correlation between profitability, debt policy, and company value assessment through studying dividend policy. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide an in-depth understanding of how the dynamics of profitability and debt policy influence each other in the context of assessing company value. In addition, this research will provide insight into the crucial role of dividend policy in articulating the impact of these two factors.

ChatGPT for Automated Cross-Checking of Authors' Conflicts of Interest Against Industry Payments.

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services "OpenPayments" database tracks industry payments to US physicians to improve research conflicts of interest (COIs) transparency, but manual cross-checking of articles' authors against this database is labor-intensive. This study aims to assess the potential of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT to automate COI data analysis in medical publications. An observational study analyzing the accuracy of ChatGPT in automating the cross-checking of COI disclosures in medical research articles against the OpenPayments database. Publications regarding Food and Drug Administration-approved biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: omalizumab, mepolizumab, and dupilumab. First, ChatGPT evaluated author affiliations from PubMed to identify those based in the United States. Second, for author names matching 1 or multiple payment recipients in OpenPayments, ChatGPT undertook a comparative analysis between author affiliation and OpenPayments recipient metadata. Third, ChatGPT scrutinized full article COI statements, producing an intricate matrix of disclosures for each author against each relevant company (Sanofi, Regeneron, Genentech, Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline). A random subset of responses was manually checked for accuracy. In total, 78 relevant articles and 294 unique US authors were included, leading to 980 LLM queries. Manual verification showed accuracies of 100% (200/200; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 98.1%-100%) for country analysis, 97.4% (113/116; 95% CI: 92.7%-99.1%) for matching author affiliations with OpenPayments metadata, and 99.2% (1091/1100; 95% CI: 98.5%-99.6%) for COI statement data extraction. LLMs have robust potential to automate author-company-specific COI cross-checking against the OpenPayments database. Our findings pave the way for streamlined, efficient, and accurate COI assessment that could be widely employed across medical research.

Modal Analysis of the Wind Turbine Planned to be Built in Mamurdağı Ground Conditions Using Finite Element Method

In the present study, steel structural wind turbine tower with design configurations is analysed using ABACUS CAE 2022 FEM modelling. Tower of 73m heights is considered and investigated with dynamic parameters, mechanical design options. Structural and dynamic analyzes of the wind turbine, which is thought to be built in the Mamurdağ location of Samsun İlkadım District, has been tried to be analyzed using the Finite Element Method.The main purpose of this study is to numerically examine the dynamic behavior of the wind turbine under the existing ground conditions of Mamurdağı for the Wind Turbine. The turbine preferred as a model in this study is the 73m high 800Kw wind turbine belonging to Enocon Company. Modeling was made in the light of the technical data of the relevant company. While the numerical model was being created, the blades of the wind turbine and the nacelle-rotor system were not modeled, but the actual weight, corresponding to approximately 81 tons was applied as a load to the system. In the last part of the article, the dynamic properties of this 73m high tower are examined to obtain the natural frequencies and mode shapes. As a result of the analysis, 5 different mode shapes, frequency and period values of the wind turbine planned to be built were obtained. According to the modal analysis results of the wind turbine, the result of the dominant frequency was obtained as 0.72327 (cycles/time). First Mode is in the y-x plane so this is the lateral movement in this direction.

Micro-foundations of absorptive capacity in platform economy-based tour guiding companies

This study investigates individual absorptive capacity (ACAP) in a platform economy-based tour guiding company. In such companies, guides are not employees but work as freelancers that sell their services to the company. The study's objective is to explore the knowledge-sharing dynamics between lower company management, who depend on the guides' knowledge for product development, and guides, who need incentives to share their knowledge with a company that they work with, rather than for. Methodologically, the study is based on data collected through embeddedness in a relevant case company, consisting of in-depth interviews, as well as participant and direct observation. The study characterizes central ACAP processes in the study context, pointing to five specific categories of micro-foundations that drive or hinder these processes: experience and knowledge, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, (meta-)routines, social integration mechanisms and leadership. Finally, recommendations are provided on how to improve ACAP processes in these types of companies.

Research on the Impact of the Metaverse on the Future of Social Networking

As a technological concept that promises to seamlessly connect the real and virtual worlds, the concept of the Meta universe has been hotly debated by a large number of Internet users even before it was implemented. Considering the particularity of this concept, it is not difficult to imagine that this new industry, once launched, will have a near revolutionary impact on the entire social network. This paper will list case studies and questionnaires as survey methods. This article summarized the industry’s status and investigated regional opinions about the Meta Universe, which gives an industry profile to the relevant company or the company that intended to participate in the production of Meta universe. Thus, they can decide the direction of development and which strategy to utilize in the program. In addition, some suggestions for potential problems in the metaverse field in the future, the aspects that need to be paid attention to for the anti-addiction mechanism and legal regulation are all includ in this paper for the reference of relevant enterprises, so as to bring better user experience for the masses.

Examining the Relationship Between Brand Value, Energy Production and Economic Growth

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the energy production of the USA between 2010-2019 and the brand value of an energy company (oil and gas) selected from this country and the economic growth of the country. Multiple Linear Regression Model was used to measure whether there is a significant relationship between these variables or the effect of the relationship. Data for analysis were obtained annually from the World Bank, EIA and Brand Finance. During the study phase, Variance inflation factors for the independent variables (VIF) test, Breusch-Pegan/Cook Weisberg test, Breusch-Godfrey LM test and Shapiro-Wilk W test were applied. In the study, energy production and brand value of an energy company were used as independent variables, and economic growth was used as dependent variables. As a result of the latest regression analysis, it has been determined that there is a positive linear relationship between the dependent and independent variables of the country. In the study, it was concluded that the increase in energy production in the USA and the increase in the brand value of the relevant energy company positively affected the economic growth of this country.

A New Hybrid Dynamic FMECA with Decision-Making Methodology: A Case Study in an Agri-Food Company

The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is often used to improve a system’s reliability. This paper proposes a new approach that aims to overcome the most critical defects of the traditional FMEA. This new methodology combines the Entropy and Best Worst Method (BWM) methodology with the EDAS and System Dynamics, FMECA: The EN-B-ED Dynamic FMECA. The main innovation point of the proposed work is the presence of an unknown factor (Cost) that allows to obtain an objective weighted factor, a risk index when a machine failure occurs. The criticality analysis has been carried out using software (Vensim PLE x64) to simulate System Dynamics models to identify corrective actions and evaluate the possible implementation of these actions. The methodology proposed is applied to a case study in a relevant Italian company in the agri-food sector.

A Novel Approach for Optimum Planning of Bobbin Boilers in Textile Industry

As in all sectors, fierce competition across the world deeply affects the textile industry. With the addition of new players to the market day by day, the competition is getting more and more intense. In today's world, where the price is determined by the customer, not by the manufacturer, it is an inevitable necessity for companies to reduce their costs in order to survive by maintaining their profitability. This only depends on the efficient use of resources. In this article, a productivity study has been carried out for the bobbin (package) dyeing process, which is one of the important elements of the textile industry. In this study, which was carried out practically in Bursalı Tekstil LTD. ŞTİ, the problem of sequencing the batches waiting to be dyed in dye boilers is discussed. It is necessary to wash the boilers between batches of different colors that are dyed consecutively within certain constraints. In addition, the due dates of these yarn batches must be respected. With the solution methods presented, it is aimed to sequence the batches in a way that requires the least washing and minimizes the total tardiness. Developed integer linear model and iterative greedy based heuristics were first tested with randomly generated test problems. In addition, it has been tested with six months of actual data of the bobbin dyeing department of the relevant company. According to the manual sorting, 17% improvement has been achieved in terms of the number of boiler washes and 13% in terms of total tardiness.

Conflicts of Interest in Research and Clinical Practice

최근 의사들이나 연구자들은 진료나 연구에서 독자적으로 수행하기보다는, 회사, 연구기관, 보건의료기관, 및 학술 저널의 관련인들과 관계를 맺게 된다, 혹은 그들이 관련 회사에서의 자문 및 주주 참여 등과 같은 다중적 이해관계(multiple interests)를 가지기도 한다. 그러한 이해관계가 연구자의 의사결정에 지대한 영향을 미치는 경우 이해상충이 발생할 수 있다. 이해상충은 연구 진실성을 침해하여 피험자나 환자를 위험에 빠뜨리기도 하고 공공에 대한 위험을 초래할 수 있고 과학에 대한 대중의 인식을 악화시킬 수도 있기에 매우 중요한 문제라고 할 수 있다. 이 종설에서는 이해상충의 개념과 구체적인 사례 및 이에 대한 해법을 살펴보고자 한다.

Prompting sustainability in the citrus derivates industry: A case study

A systemic approach was proposed to analyse a complex system such that of food value chains. Typical management methodologies were applied to a citrus derivatives industry and, based on the survey outcomes, a sustainable optimisation plan was formulated integrating the critical domains of the water-food-energy nexus. The overall process was mapped in detail. The SWOT analysis was applied to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to each step of the production chain of the citrus derived products. To prioritize its critical output factors, the Impact-Feasibility Map tool was defined. Critical issues characterised by the highest impact and easiest feasibility were the un-optimized fertilization and irrigation, non-objective human inspections, lack of production standardization and accumulation of organic waste. Structured interviews to the company managers were conducted to identify the most relevant company's needs. With a view on process and product sustainability, suggestions based on good manufacturing practices and on literature were scheduled within a 10-years industrial development plan accomplishing a circular economy scheme. The performed analysis is preliminary to optimisation actions in view of process sustainability that will be carried out according to the classic engineering approach. The present actual goal is to contextualize the engineering interventions in relation to the needs of the producers. Indeed, empirical contextualised research will be necessary to assess whether the sustainable actions and measures identified in this study can be validated in actual practice with conventional chemical engineering optimisation procedures. • A citrus industry is analysed according to sustainability criteria. • A methodological approach to food value chains sustainability analysis is suggested. • Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are pointed out at all stages. • Criticalities are prioritised applying the Impact-Feasibility tool. • A 10-years development plan accomplishing a circular economy scheme is developed.

Schmallenberg virus infection suspected in a calf born to an imported heifer.

Schmallenberg virus infection suspected in a calf born to an imported heifer.

Work from home study: mental workload, gender, and calorie needs

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has changed how to work, learn, socialize, and many business sectors applied for the Work from Home (WFH) rule. This research aims to measure workers' mental and physical workload while working from home use Rating Scale Mental Effort and the physical workload was using calorie needs. The calculation for calories needs using physical condition of participant and food consumption in a day with Lifesum Application. Participants consisted of 40 males and 40 females. The result shows that the value of mental workloads on males and females with no different significance. But the average amount of female's work and mental workload effort is higher by 9.98 than men. More than 60% of male and female workers working from home belong to the category of heavy work seen from their calorie needs. According to the number of calories remaining, more than 70% of male and female workers have an excess amount of calories that is not suitable for worker health. This study suggested that employees need to improve the work system online to reach a healthy working system both mentally and physically. The relevant company can use the suggestion of this paper result in providing workload to employees during WFH.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ АКЦІЙ КОМПАНІЙ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОГО БІЗНЕСУ

In the last decade, a number of scientists around the world have been considering the transition from the traditional linear to circular economy, seeing it as part of the fourth industrial revolution, which should result in significant improvements in the sustainable use of natural resources. Many large international corporations are gradually beginning to engage in this transition by developing and implementing technologies for circular business in their production chains. The article considers the investment potential of shares of such companies; how attractive shares of corporations working with circular business technologies may be for investors. In order to achieve the aim of the research the authors consider several from major international corporations operating in technologies of both old linear economy and circular economy. Using the technical possibilities of the Internet resources a number of charts reflecting comparative dynamics of share prices of each of the studied companies with the Standard & Poor's – 500 index of the stock market have been constructed and analysed. It also studied the comparative dynamics of each from those companies’ share price with the relevant sector indices. It is concluded that, in the current environment, the circular business of large international corporations does not yet have any significant impact on the change in the share price of the relevant company. The company's core business is still decisive. Therefore, when looking for stocks with significant investment potential, the extent of a company's involvement in the circular economy may be taken into account, but this factor should not be decisive for the investment decision. The development of the circular economy is very important from the point of view of the social and environmental impacts of human economic activity, but there is currently no reason to claim that circular business companies have high investment potential. This issue requires further research.

Evaluasi Penerapan Akuntansi Untuk Kontrak Asuransi Pada PT Asuransi AXA Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the application of financial accounting standards namely PSAK 62 (2015) regarding insurance contracts and PSAK 28 (2012) regarding loss insurance accounting at PT Asuransi AXA Indonesia, considering that PT Asuransi AXA Indonesia only provides services in the field of loss insurance excluding life insurance. This study uses qualitative methods with content analysis. The data used in this study is sourced from the official website of the relevant company, the data used as a sample are the financial statements of PT Asuransi AXA Indonesia from 2011 up to 2017. The analysis of this research was conducted on the presentation and disclosure of the company's financial statements adjusted to the provisions of accounting standards and applicable regulations. The results of this study indicate that PT Asuransi AXA Indonesia has implemented the recognition, measurement and presentation of premium income, claims and acquisition costs applied by those in accordance with PSAK 28 (2012) as well as PSAK 62 (2015).

Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Impact on Work-Home Interference in a South African Commuter Transport Engineering Company

The South African workplace is confronted with many leadership challenges, specifically those relating to the employment relationship between subordinates and their supervisors. A high-quality relationship is essential, considering the work-family spillovers employees experience. Limited research has been conducted on the potential positive and negative consequences of the leader-member exchange (LMX) dyadic relationship. In this study, we used a cross-sectional research design, and drew an employee sample (N = 120) from a commuter transport engineering company. A five-point Likert scale was employed and statistical analyses were carried out using the SAS statistical program. We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients and used structural equation modelling to test the proposed conceptual model to indicate possible correlations between the different variables. The main finding of the study was that the nature of the LMX relationship quality in the relevant company appeared to be high and positively related to work-home enrichment but negatively related to work-home conflict and role overload. The article concludes by making a number of suggestions to respond to challenges.

Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Impact on Work-Home Interference in a South African Commuter Transport Engineering Company

The South African workplace is confronted with many leadership challenges, specifically those relating to the employment relationship between subordinates and their supervisors. A high-quality relationship is essential, considering the work-family spillovers employees experience. Limited research has been conducted on the potential positive and negative consequences of the leader-member exchange (LMX) dyadic relationship. In this study, we used a cross-sectional research design, and drew an employee sample (N = 120) from a commuter transport engineering company. A five-point Likert scale was employed and statistical analyses were carried out using the SAS statistical program. We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients and used structural equation modelling to test the proposed conceptual model to indicate possible correlations between the different variables. The main finding of the study was that the nature of the LMX relationship quality in the relevant company appeared to be high and positively related to work-home enrichment but negatively related to work-home conflict and role overload. The article concludes by making a number of suggestions to respond to challenges.