Relay Race Research Articles

Law in the Social Regulators System: Is its Future Cloudless?

A developing system of social norms is based on such a criterion as a way of regulation or a way of ordering, normalizing and stabilizing the society. At the same time, an evolutionary key is used, i.e., the historical time of the appearance of a particular type of norms, which makes it possible to see how the relay race of social norms took place, to trace the entire path of development of social regulation. The society in its development has passed two epochs: the pre-state period (the era of the primitive system and the transition of society from anthropology gathering to production) and the state period that in turn, is divided into three stages: agrarian, industrial, post-industrial (information) society. In a pre-agrarian society, there were: 1) myths, 2) rituals, 3) ceremonies, 4) customs. The agrarian society enriched the mankind with such norms as: 5) traditions, 6) religious norms, 7) business habits. The industrial society consolidated: 8) legal norms, 9) political norms that declared themselves to the utmost. In the information society, the following norms become significant: 10) etiquette norms, 11) aesthetic norms, 12) moral standards.The author draws the following conclusions. The system of social regulators is quite extensive. In the process of economic transformation, the humanity has been developing more and more effective ways of regulation that correspond to social reality. Social norms did not arise simultaneously, but matured gradually accumulating their potential. In the future, when more progressive norms enter the arena of human existence, the previously arisen norms will not disappear, but will recede into the background and perform a secondary role in ordering the life of the society. Law today is the main means of regulation. However, law is by no means guaranteed a leading role in the future, since norms with a more powerful regulatory potential (for example, morality) have been created.

Sports Events in the USSR as a Tool for Promoting Soviet Social Values (on the Example of the 1st Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR)

The author made an attempt to consider sports events in the system of propaganda of Soviet values as a research task. The 1st Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR in 1956 was used as an example, designed to demonstrate the sporting achievements of the Soviet society and to involve the broad masses of the population in sports. We made a review of legal documents of all-Union and regional significance aimed at preparing for the upcoming competitions. The stages and structure of the regional competitions within the framework of the Spartakiad are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to agitation and propaganda work in the region dedicated to the 1st Spartakiad of the peoples of the USSR. The role of holding sports and mass events, star relay races and the “Relay Race of Youth” in the promotion of sports in remote areas of the region is revealed. The importance of the regional councils of voluntary sports societies and the regional committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League in organizing these events was emphasized. The results of the performance of national teams and individual athletes of the Irkutsk region at different stages of the Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR are analyzed in detail. The article summarizes already published sources on the topic under study and also it introduces into scientific circulation new data obtained on the basis of documents from the State Archives of the Irkutsk Region. A statistical analysis of the dynamics of the development of physical culture in the Angara region in the course of preparation for the 1st Spartakiad of the peoples of the USSR is given. The author substantiates the hypothesis that, thanks to the preparations for the Spartakiad in the Irkutsk region, it was possible to expand the propaganda of Soviet sports, update the material and technical base, improve the quality of personnel and increase the number of people involved in physical culture. Thus, sport became a significant element in the system of Soviet social values.

Bacteria and filamentous fungi running a relay race in Daqu fermentation enable macromolecular degradation and flavor substance formation

As the saccharifying and fermentative agent, medium-temperature Daqu (MT-Daqu) plays an irreplaceable role in the production of strong-flavor Baijiu. Numerous studies have focused on the microbial community structure and potential functional microorganisms, however, little is known about the succession of active microbial community and the formation mechanism of community function during MT-Daqu fermentation. In this study, we presented an integrated analysis of metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabonomics covering the whole fermentation process of MT-Daqu to reveal the active microorganisms and their participations in metabolic networks. The results showed that dynamic of metabolites were time-specific, and the metabolites and co-expressed active unigenes were further classified into four clusters according to their accumulation patterns, with members within each cluster displaying a uniform and clear pattern of abundance across fermentation. Based on KEGG enrichment analysis in co-expression clusters and succession of active microbial community, we revealed that Limosilactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Pichia, Rhizopus, and Lichtheimia were metabolically active members at the early stage, and their metabolic activities were conducive to releasing abundant energy to drive multiple basal metabolisms such as carbohydrates and amino acids. Thereafter, during the high temperature period and at the end of fermentation, multiple heat-resistant filamentous fungi were transcriptionally active populations, and they acted as both the saccharifying agents and flavor compound producers, especially aromatic compounds, suggesting their crucial contribution to enzymatic activity and aroma of mature MT-Daqu. Our findings revealed the succession and metabolic functions of the active microbial community, providing a deeper understanding of their contribution to MT-Daqu ecosystem.

How to win the succession race: empirical analysis of Palestinian family businesses

PurposeFamily businesses (FBs) have a high rate of extinction through generations; hence, it is crucial for their owners to give succession planning top priority. In light of this, the study aims to determine the key factors that significantly influence effective succession.Design/methodology/approachThis study illuminates the crucial factors of effective succession among Palestinian FBs (PFBs) by relying on the relay race model. A self-administered questionnaire used to gather the data; partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data obtained from 282 participants based on the two-step approach to evaluate structural equation models. In the first analysis stage, measurement items’ validity and reliability were tested. Convergent and discriminant validity tests for the measurement (outer) model were performed. The square root of average variance extracted (AVE) and the correlation between latent constructs were compared to evaluate the discriminant validity. The structural (inner) model and hypotheses were tested in the second analysis stage. The research model’s hypotheses relations were predicted using the coefficient of determination (R2).FindingsAs they draw attention from existing and future founders and incumbents of FBs that successfully complete a succession process within the Palestinian setting, the findings offer a deeper understanding of the primary familial succession factors. Where it is important to place a focus, among other things, on familial bonding and trust placed in the next generation, as well as on next generation’s credentials and capabilities, financial and operational performance of FBs, next generations desire to join the business beside the job satisfaction and the financial returns they will earn. Additionally, findings show that the size of the FB and generation, as well as the incumbent’s age and education, have positive impact on the incumbents’ willingness to step down.Originality/valueThe value of this study comes from the following: first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first that conduct a quantitative analysis on succession factors, the thing that adds value to the PFBs literature. Second, this study adheres to its own willingness scale, as it aims to analyze other success factors that PFBs are not fully aware of, particularly, family bonding and trust, the qualifications and capabilities of the next generation, plus financial and operational performance of the FB.

A Study on the Inheritance and Protection of Traditional Clothing of Ethnic Minorities under the Rural Revitalization Strategy: A Case Study of Fangyou Branch Clothing of the Hmong in Taijiang County

In order to implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and run the "relay race" for rural revitalization, governments at all levels should actively promote development, develop the rural economy, develop the vitality of intangible cultural heritage, and fully promote the continuation of intangible cultural protection. Based on the overall context of the rural revitalization strategy, the purpose of this project is to explore the current plight of your branch of the Miao ethnic group in Taijiang County from the perspective of the difficulties faced by traditional ethnic costumes. The survey found that there are few intangible cultural heritage inheritors, there is no good inheritance carrier, strong impact from other cultures, and weak awareness of protecting traditional culture. This article proposes corresponding inheritance and protection measures and suggestions for this development dilemma. I hope it can provide a reference for the development of the clothing of your branch of the Hmong in Taijiang County, and provide some reference for other traditional ethnic costumes.

ВПЛИВ АВТОРСЬКОЇ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ НА СТАН ОПОРНО-РЕСОРНИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ СТОПИ У ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З ПОРУШЕННЯМ СЛУХУ

Relevance of the research topic. Although we observe a certain percentage of scientists who dealt with the issues of determining the dynamics of the support-spring features of the foot in children of primary school age, this issue has not yet been definitively investigated. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of the author's technology of forming the statodynamic posture of children of primary school age with hearing impairments on the state of the support-spring properties of the foot. Research material and methods. 7-year-old schoolchildren took part in the research with hearing disorders who study in a special boarding school for children with diminished hearing. Results. The technology of forming the statodynamic posture of children of primary school age with hearing impairments in the process of adaptive physical education is substantiated and implemented. The author's technology contains corrective and preventive exercises that are part of the "Statodynamic Posture" School, which includes a number of studios: «Correction Study», «Prevention Study», «Dynamic Posture Studio», «Study of static posture», «Studio of mobile games and relay races». Conclusions. The positive influence of the means and methods of the author's technology on the formation of the support-spring properties of the foot of children of primary school age with hearing impairment has been established.

Reflection as a construct of the Soviet philosophical "Thaw": semantics and pragmatics

The article discusses the methodology for studying reflective systems, which are very specific objects of study. However, such objects include almost all phenomena of the socio-humanitarian sciences, including scientific knowledge. It is noted that in the era of the “sixties” original concepts of reflexive analysis arose in Russian philosophy, among which the three most striking ones, associated with the names of V.A. Lefebvre (1936-2020), G.P. Shchedrovitsky (1929-1994), M.A. Rozova (1930-2011). The main attention is paid to the methodology that was built within the framework of the theory of social relay races by M.A. Rosova. It is shown how systems with reflection function and why they are able to rebuild, changing the order of sociality.

Metrological argumentation of the accuracy and determination of the handicap in the 4×100 m relay race

Metrological argumentation of the accuracy and determination of the handicap in the 4×100 m relay race

Using game elements in extracurricular activities in informatics

Extracurricular activities in informatics provide great opportunities for. increase students' interest in the subject content. The article describes those forms of extracurricular activities that an informatics teacher can successfully use: a thematic class hour, an elective course, subject weeks, excursions to IT enterprises, competitions, competitive events, business games. The features of these forms of extracurricular activities are highlighted and ways to include game elements in some of them to motivate schoolchildren to study informatics are demonstrated. Specifc game elements are given (puzzles, word puzzles, riddles, entertaining tasks). The emphasis is on such competitive events in informatics as quizzes, relay races, KVN, auctions, tournaments, and journey. The rules that must be observed at these events are considered, a possible storyline is described, as well as the roles in which the participants of the competitions may be.

The Thornton Wilder Encyclopedia

The Thornton Wilder Encyclopedia

Neglected tropical disease elimination is a relay race - let's not drop the baton.

Neglected tropical disease elimination is a relay race - let's not drop the baton.

The Ultramarathon of Gene Therapy Development for Rare Diseases: How Can We Cross the Finish Line Together?

The promising developments in gene and cell therapy bring an array of hope to the >7000 rare disease patient communities, of which 90% to 95% are still working toward a treatment. However, the pace of gene and cell therapy development pathways often resembles ultramarathon relay races that potentially span decades. It is a pace that is incongruent to the sprint that most individuals with rare diseases and their families are living and working in pursuit of life-saving treatments. It is also challenging for the medical professionals, academic researchers, and pharmaceutical partners working tirelessly to bring a treatment to reality. Gene and cell therapy development programs can have many parallels to an ultramarathon, including extensive training and preparation leading up to clinical trials, selecting inclusion and exclusion criteria, supporting trial participants, and creating support teams. All aspects of the development course carry the greatest hope that as many treatments as possible can cross the finish line. Drawing on this analogy, perspectives and insights from a patient family member and rare disease advocacy leader in a community that has experienced its first clinical trial of gene therapy is shared. Bringing attention to these experiences, challenges, barriers, and potential learnings from a patient family perspective will likely encourage continued improvements in development of patient-driven gene and cell drug and therapy for the rare disease community.

HISTORICAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHLETICS IN KHERSON REGION

The article analyzes the historical preconditions for the development of athletics in the Kherson Region. The state of physical culture and sports activities during the twentieth century is revealed. It is determined that athletics was one of the most popular sports in the former USSR. Before the Second World War, athletics clubs emerged in all sports clubs. Moreover, already in 1938 the improvised team of the best athletes of Kherson took part in the republican championship in Kharkiv. It was revealed that in the personal championship of Kherson Nadiya Shapar fulfilled the normative requirements of the title "Master of Sports of the USSR" in cross-country. She became the first master of sports in Kherson. Before the start of the war, there were 11345 athletes in the Kherson region, who were united in 102 sports organizations. It was established that in the postwar period, the organization of physical culture work in educational institutions was built on the principle of a sports club, and only in October 1957, the first three grassroots societies of the student GOST "Petrel" were established in Kherson. Constant sports work was carried out in 26 sports. This company was a leader in athletics in the region for a long time. Under the leadership of GOST "Petrel" sports games, athletics, various relay races were held among students and working youth of Kherson region. Students of Kherson universities were constantly members of the athletics teams of the region and the republic.
 Valery Borzov became the most famous athlete among the representatives of Kherson region. He entered the history of world sports as the first Soviet European champion in athletics. The victory at the Olympics in Munich in the 100- meter race was brilliant. After winning the Olympics from 1975 to 1977, three times in a row Valery won the title of European champion in the short distance of 60 meters indoors. At the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, the athlete won medals again, but this time bronze. The success of one athlete could not change the state of affairs in the sports economy of the region, and in the late 80’s it became obvious. Only more than 30 years later, another outstanding athlete was able to represent the Kherson Region on the same high level at the Olympic Games – Yuriy Bilonog.

Comparative analysis of physical education curricula for students of 5-6 grades on the module "Swimming"

In 2021, a model curricula "Physical Culture. Grades 5-6" for general secondary education institutions for the adaptive cycle of education was created, and should ensure continuity between primary and basic education, flexible transition of pupils from primary school age to adolescence. The aim of the article was to conduct a comparative analysis of physical education curricula in 2017 and 2021. The study used the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature; method of system analysis, method of grouping, comparison and generalization. Both curriculas have some differences in both the invariant and the variable component of the module "Swimming" for 5th and 6th grades. In our opinion, the advantage of the model curriculum was the emphasis on the types of educational activities of students, which in a broad sense allows to reveal the applied aspects of this program, in particular in the 5th grade skills search tasks include independent search and selection of information to inform classmates in lessons, discussions and debates, game tasks, project activities, integrated tasks of combining movements and swimming exercises, specific motor activities with certain aspects of studying other subjects; to participate in competitions. However, in our opinion, the types of learning activities of students in 6th grade are more progressive than in the previous grade. Practical performance of exercises for improvement of technics by the studied styles of swimming, formation of abilities and skills is provided; search tasks for independent search and selection of information about historical facts, interesting examples of the impact of swimming and water treatments on human well-being; discussions and debates, project activities; integrated tasks; game tasks, games with diving in length and depth, relay races; participation in competitions. No significant differences were found in the theoretical data, special physical training and technical training between the two curriculas.

A diversification relay race from Caribbean-Mesoamerica to the Andes: historical biogeography of Xylophanes hawkmoths.

The regions of the Andes and Caribbean-Mesoamerica are both hypothesized to be the cradle for many Neotropical lineages, but few studies have fully investigated the dynamics and interactions between Neotropical bioregions. The New World hawkmoth genus Xylophanes is the most taxonomically diverse genus in the Sphingidae, with the highest endemism and richness in the Andes and Caribbean-Mesoamerica. We integrated phylogenomic and DNA barcode data and generated the first time-calibrated tree for this genus, covering 93.8% of the species diversity. We used event-based likelihood ancestral area estimation and biogeographic stochastic mapping to examine the speciation and dispersal dynamics of Xylophanes across bioregions. We also used trait-dependent diversification models to compare speciation and extinction rates of lineages associated with different bioregions. Our results indicate that Xylophanes originated in Caribbean-Mesoamerica in the Late Miocene, and immediately diverged into five major clades. The current species diversity and distribution of Xylophanes can be explained by two consecutive phases. In the first phase, the highest Xylophanes speciation and emigration rates occurred in the Caribbean-Mesoamerica, and the highest immigration rates occurred in the Andes, whereas in the second phase the highest immigration rates were found in Amazonia, and the Andes had the highest speciation and emigration rates.

Metaphor as a means of constructing artistic reality (by the example of the analysis of the metaphor "centaur" in Meir Shalev's novel "Esav")

The article introduces a new interpretation of the concept of metaphor. The author examines the traditional concept of metaphor, which comes from Aristotle, the semiotic concept, which introduces metaphorical meaning along with the usual one, and the rather complex construction of metaphor proposed by K.I. Alekseev in the "Sketch of the Theory of Metaphor" (it is based on the methodology of L.S. Vygotsky, the concept of social relays by Mikhail Rozov, the theory of classification and the logical theory of definitions). The author suggests analyzing the metaphor, including it not in the psyche and relay races of Rozov, but in artistic reality; the latter is created in the space of artistic communication and creativity of the artist and the viewer. В Within the framework of this approach, a metaphor is characterized as a special scheme, a technique and an expressive means that allow, on the basis of two artistic contents (potential events), to create a new content (a new objectivity) in which they are fused ("removed") both of the original artistic contents and due to a kind of emergent effect, a fundamentally new content (objectivity) is for our consciousness. In order to make these general statements more understandable and to concretize them, the metaphor "centaur" in Meir Shalev's novel "Esav" is analyzed. In fact, this is a humanitarian reconstruction based on the author's theory of artistic reality. In the last part of the article, latent and revealed metaphors, metaphor and metaphorical discourse, metaphors and schemes are distinguished.

ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ КОРЕКЦІЇ ПОРУШЕНЬ ПРОСТОРОВОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТІЛА У БОКСЕРІВ НА ЕТАПІ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ

The relevance of the research topic. Increasing the efficiency of children's and youth sports schools and Olympic reserve schools, which play a leading role in the training of high-class athletes, is unthinkable without serious research in the field of sports science. Diagnostics and evaluation of the state of spatial organization of the body of young boxers in the conditions of a sports school is of both theoretical and practical interest. The purpose of the article is to determine the effectiveness of the technology of correction of disorders of spatial organization of the body in boxers of 11-12 years old. Materials and methods of the research. In the course of the experiment 30 boxers aged 11-12 years of CYSS (Kyiv) were involved. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodical literature and documentary materials, videometry, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Visual "screening" was conducted to determine the posture disorders of the examined boxers. Results of work. The technology of correction of violations of spatial organization of the body in young boxers is based on the principles of design and integration of pedagogical technologies in the training process. Didactic and special principles, control functions of the author's technology consist of adaptation and preparatory, main, control and evaluation stages, theoretical and correctional and preventive modules, blocks (correctional, preventive, dynamic posture, stretching, vertical stability, outdoor games and relay races), as well as performance criteria. The effectiveness of the proposed technology was tested in a pedagogical experiment. Key conclusions. The application of the means and methods of the author's technology contributed to the stabilization of the process of violations of the biogeometric profile of the posture of young athletes, providing the necessary spatial organization of the whole body and its individual biolinks.

A three-leg cultural relay race to sustainability of rural communities

The purpose of the study is to explore the sustainable development of a local community through a series of scalable cohesive actions based on processes of maturing the concept of sustainability and strengthening the incentives for greater citizen participation. In particular, the study focuses on creating a local sustainable and attractive cultural itinerary of particular value considering current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts while combining the needs of tourists with the unique characteristics of the local communities involved. The established sustainability kernel constitutes the starting point of plan development. The plan concerns a smooth and structured transmission to the sustainable future of the community and relies on a combination of tried and tested methodologies. The optimization of the entire boot design through a disciplined approach is guided by dynamic models and appropriate service software, while approaches such as top-down, bottom-up, incentive exploitation, and technologies such as the emerging Virtual Reality technology for a realistic representation of Cultural Itinerary theme are employed. The novelty of our approach lies in the way citizens are involved in the development process of a sustainable community, avoiding the obstacles encountered in established methodologies. The results foster the discussion of a novel governance paradigm transition towards a transversal approach.

Проблемы ликвидации неграмотности взрослого населения в Бурят-Монгольской АССР в 1920-1930-е гг.

The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of the adult illiteracy eradication campaign, which was conducted in the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR in the 1920s-1930s. The authors considered the main forms of illiteracy eradication (cultural campaign, cultural relay race, socialist competition), as well as analysed the difficulties that arose during this process. It has been found that insufficient material resources, the shortage of textbooks and stationery, the lack of qualified personnel and the fact that people themselves were often reluctant to participate in such activities negatively affected the quality of education. The work is novel in that it introduces into scientific use a number of previously unpublished archival sources and periodical materials collected specifically for this research. As a result, it has been determined that despite the operational difficulties faced by local authorities, the major tasks of illiteracy eradication were accomplished.

Этика героя новелл Генриха фон Клейста (эволюция значений)

The key role of the ethics in the H. v. Kleist’s novellas comes from the providential character of the life’s unfolding. Having guessed it, the characters face the moral сhoice which needs to be implemented. The paradoxical uncovering of the providence as fate triggers the moral and behavioral “relay race” of characters, realizing the stages of this implementation. The historicism of the providence makes it to the dialectic of the world’s transformation with the help of the character, who had intuitively guessed this dialectics. Meanwhile, history as the social movement of the people makes moral / behavioral “relay race” of characters the stages of this movement.