Relative Color Strength Research Articles

Dyeing of silk fabric with phenazine from Pseudomonas species

Phenazines, namely oxychlororaphin and pyorubin, were extracted from Pseudomonas sp., purified and their dyeing potential as colorants for silk dyeing were examined. The effects of the process variables, such as phenazine concentration, pH, temperature, time, type of mordant, relative colour strength and fastness properties have been studied. The results showed that the optimum condition for dyeing was 90 °C at pH 3 and dyeing time 90 min for oxychlororaphin, and 70 °C at pH 3 and dyeing time 60 min for pyorubin. The K/S value of a pre‐mordanted silk fabric with oxychlororaphin was high when compared to that with the pyorubin. The antimicrobial activity of a dyed silk fabric was tested against Salomonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri.

A study on Xe excilamp treatment of wool fibers

AbstractA Xeexcilamp (λ = 172 nm) was applied to photo irradiate and surface modify wool fibers. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the outer surface of the fibers was etched after excilamp treatment, and some microcracks emerged on the surface scales. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the excilamp‐treated fibers possessed high concentration of oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen, as well as increased hydrophilic groups, such as hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, and sulphur oxide species on the surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total internal reflectance (FTIR‐ATR) mode measurement showed that the sulphur oxide species was mainly composed of cysteic acid and S‐sulphonate together with a small amount of cystine monoxide and cystine dioxide on the outer surface of excilamp‐treated wool fiber. The contact angle of water on the excilamp‐treated fiber decreased about 110°. Using an acid dye, deeper hue was achieved in dyeing the treated fibers, evidenced by improved relative color strength (K/S) and brightness (L*) values. And the directional friction effect (DFE) of the wool fibers in wet obviously decreased after the excilamp treatment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010

Incorporation of Accessible Functionalities in Nanoscaled Coatings on Textiles Characterized by Coloration

AbstractThe plasma‐assisted process presented in this paper facilitates the deposition of nitrogen containing functional coatings on textiles. Low pressure RF plasma was used to deposit multi‐functional thin films, which have a high amine content. Either acetylene or ethylene were mixed with ammonia to obtain a crosslinked structure that contained functional groups, which were accessible for dye molecules throughout the film volume. Varying deposition conditions were used in order to compare hydrocarbon gas mixtures in terms of deposition rates, water contact angles, aging, dyeability, yellowness index, and rub/wash fastnesses. The deposition rates were found to be higher for the acetylene discharges, but decreased with increasing ammonia‐to‐hydrocarbon ratios for both gas mixtures. Although this indicates etching effects, a permanent hydrophilization could still be obtained. These findings demonstrate that plasma polymerization provides an eco‐friendly multi‐functionalized surface modification, since the use of chemicals, waste water etc. can be eliminated. Dyeing of the plasma coatings by acid dyestuffs showed that the relative color strength value, i.e. amine functionalities, can be noticeably enhanced, while being strongly influenced by the energy input and by the gas ratio. It was evident that the coating quality could be improved significantly using an ammonia/ethylene plasma due to reduced unsaturated bonds, the latter being investigated by the CIELAB color spaces. A high dyeing fastness indicated a strong dye‐molecule bonding, which in turn, is an indication of permanency of the amine groups. A pilot‐scale web coater at Empa was used to demonstrate the feasibility of industrial scale‐up.magnified image

Study of plasma polymerization of dichloromethane on cotton and polyester fabrics

AbstractDichloromethane (DCM) was polymerized on cotton and polyester fabrics in nonequilibrium low‐temperature plasma for different durations and the effects obtained were discussed. The modified cotton and polyester fabrics were dyed with Reactive Red HE 8BI and C.I. Disperse Red 364 dyes, respectively. The relative color strength of polymerized dyed fabrics was measured and compared with that of untreated dyed fabrics. The color parameters of polymerized fabrics were evaluated by the CIE system of color measurement, with standard illuminant D65 and 10° standard observer, by a Dataflash 100 color measurement spectrophotometer equipped with Colortools QC 1.3 color quality control software. The chemical structures of untreated and polymerized fabrics were studied by attenuated total reflectance–infrared spectroscopy. The presence of free radicals, attributed to the polymerization, was measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2014–2021, 2004

Determination of relative colour strength and residual colour difference by means of reflectance measurements

Journal of the Society of Dyers and ColouristsVolume 103, Issue 2 p. 100-105 Determination of relative colour strength and residual colour difference by means of reflectance measurements Werner Baumann (Sandoz Chemical Corpn), Bengt-Thomas Groebel (Hoechst AG), Markus Krayer (Ciba-Geigy AG), Hans-Peter Oesch (Sandoz AG), Rolf Brossman (Bayer AG), Norbert Kleinemefer (BASF AG) and A T Leaver (ICI plc) First published: February 1987 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1987.tb01101.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume103, Issue2February 1987Pages 100-105 RelatedInformation

Determination of relative colour strength in solutions

A wide range of test methods is currently used in the textile industry for the assessment of dyestuff properties against a number of criteria. This can lead to discrepancies in the determination of quality characteristics. Improved harmonisation of test methods is necessary (a) to facilitate cross‐comparability, (b) to obtain dependable results and (c) to discourage the use of obsolete methods which give unreliable results.A group of specialists in quality control, drawn from the major Western European dyestuff manufacturers, has therefore decided to publish a series of papers describing the most important and, in their experience, most reliable test methods, thus making them available to a wider audience. Particular emphasis has been placed on the reliability and precision of each test method described. The papers will be published as a series under the general heading ‘Testing methods for the quality control of textile dyes’.