Relative Arrangement Research Articles

Commitments beyond coupledom: Negotiating relational futures in Finnish small-scale communes

In this paper, I analyze the possibilities for organizing one's personal life around co-residing friendship and roommate relationships in the life course position of adulthood. The normative significance of coupledom and procreation as markers of adulthood has hardly diminished, although the nuclear family model has opened up in past decades in Euro-American countries. I argue that the close connection between coupledom and adult status sidelines communal living as a relational arrangement when persons age beyond the socially shared understanding of youth. Moreover, resisting this temporal order leads communal dwellers into a socially structured negotiation of their future trajectories, where personal autonomy in friendship and roommate relations poses an intra-relational obstacle to building a communal future. The paper is based on 31 interviews with residents of Finnish small-scale communes. Communal dwellers’ negotiations of future trajectories dealt with finding someone to build their life with, whether commitment could be expected in friendship and roommate relations, and whether long-term communal living is compatible with existing housing structures.

Evaluation of the degree of influence of different types of light source on the level of the output signal of the light sensor when its work on the reflected signal

The article considers the requirements for the characteristics of light sensors when they are used as part of an automatic control system for LED lamps, including options for their spatial arrangement in relation to the working surface. The results of experimental studies of the degree of influence of the type of light source on the output signal of the light sensor during its operation on the reflected signal are presented. A technique is described that allows minimizing the influence of the type of light source on the output signal of the light sensor when it operates on the signal reflected from the working surface. An example of the practical use of this technique as part of an existing automatic control system is given.

Characteristics of Land-Use Carbon Emissions and Carbon Balance Zoning in the Economic Belt on the Northern Slope of Tianshan

How to identify variables for carbon reductions was considered as one of the most important research topics in related academic fields. In this study, the characteristics of landuse carbon emissions of the economic belt on the northern slope of Tianshan (NST) were tentatively investigated. Taking 12 cities in NST as the case study, land use carbon emissions and carbon intensities were estimated and analyzed based on the Landsat remote sensing image and socio-economic statistical data in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. Moreover, Moran’s I model was applied to study spatial autocorrelation between carbon emissions and carbon intensities. Results show that (1) urban land and cropland were increased rapidly during the past three decades; (2) carbon emissions were increasing significantly, and the urban land was responsible for the majority of the carbon emission; (3) negative spatial correlations on both net carbon emissions and carbon intensities were obtained between 12 cities; and (4) based on carbon balance zoning analysis, NST could be divided into four different zones. The rising ratio of carbon emissions and intensities was significantly higher than urbanization expending speed. Results could provide references and useful insights into related arrangements of policies and attempts on carbon reduction for cities in NST.

The family doctor: health, kin testing and primary care in Patna, India

Private primary care providers are usually the first site where afflictions come under institutional view. In the context of poverty, the relationship between illness and care is more complex than a simple division of responsibilities between various actors—with care given by kin, and diagnosis and treatment being the purview of providers. Since patients would often visit the provider with family members, providers are attuned to the patients’ web of kinship. Providers would take patients’ kinship arrangements into account when prescribing diagnostic tests and treatments. This paper terms this aspect of the clinical encounter as ‘kin testing’ to refer to situations/clinical encounters when providers take into consideration that care provided by kin was conditional. ‘Kin testing’ allowed providers to manage the episode of illness that had brought the patient to the clinic by relying on clinical judgment rather than confirmed laboratory tests. Furthermore, since complaints of poor health also were an idiom to communicate kin neglect, providers had to also discern how to negotiate diagnoses and treatments. Kinship determined whether the afflicted bodies brought to the clinics were diagnosed, whether medicines reached the body, and adherence maintained. The providers’ actions make visible the difference that kinship made in how health is imagined in the clinic and in standardized protocols. Focusing on primary care clinics in Patna, India, we contribute to research that shows that kinship determines care and management of illnesses at home by showing that relatedness of patients gets folded in the clinic by providers as well.

Implementation of Land Registration Procedures in Indonesia Based on Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021

Soil is inseparable from all activities of living things. Land is also a source of activity for life and human habitation, especially for Indonesian citizens, where the majority of citizens still rely on land for survival, such as for agricultural land and plantations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of legal rules regarding land registration procedures based on Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021 concerning Management Rights, Land Rights, Flats Units, and Land Registration. This research uses the Normative Juridical type of research, which is conceptualized as norms or rules that exist and are obeyed in society, so that they become a reference in behavior. In related arrangements land registration must be based on the principle of legality. In Black's Law Dictionary, legislation/legality has many meanings, one of which is Legislative Action, Drafting and Making Laws and/or Drafting rules for the future. Based on the results of the analysis in this study, it was found that a legal effect was arising related to the implementation of the installation of stakes and related to the principle of delimitation contradictions.

A Numerical Study of Heat Performance of Multi-PCM Brick in a Heat Storage Building

Modern technologies of thermal power engineering make it possible to design and build systems using renewable energy sources. Often, energy accumulation and storage require the development and adaptation of appropriate systems, the simplest of which are passive systems based on phase-change materials. In this study, a numerical analysis of heat transfer in a brick wall containing several materials with different melting temperatures is carried out. The unsteady two-dimensional conjugate problem of phase transitions is considered, taking into account natural convection in the melt, which has been solved using the developed in-house finite difference technique. A numerical experiment has been carried out for a brick block with several rectangular inserts filled with PCMs under various external thermal conditions. As a result of the numerical analysis, it has been shown that the relative arrangement of materials with different melting points has a significant impact on the heat transfer and heat exchange between the environment and the room.

The relation of alpine vegetation cover and geomorphic processes in the Belianske Tatra Mts. (Slovakia)

Abstract The geomorphic processes in high-mountain environments are crucial and often limiting factors of vegetation development. Studies based on the long-term field monitoring are still scarce, however, thus limiting our understandng to vegetation dynamics and the knowledge needed for effective conservation management. In this paper we interpret results of a 20 years long observation considering the relationship between alpine vegetation and intensity of geomorphic processes in the territory of seven permanent plots in the Belianske Tatra Mts. (Slovakia, Central Europe). In principle, these sites represent a “battle field” for ongoing geomorphic processes and vegetation. They are either gradually occupied by initial stages of ecological succession of vegetation or were occupied in the past with the vegetation being more or less destructed. The field research was combined with data collection for standard phytosociological relèves. Spatial distribution of particular tussocks or individuals on each field was drawn in detail. We observed the share of species and their spatial arrangement in relation to the control sites with uncovered substrate. Special attention was paid to measuring the intensity of geomorphic processes using various methods and carried out three times a year. The CANOCO software was used for quantitative evaluation of the phytosociological relèves data. We applied indirect gradient analysis of principal components (PCA) to find out the variability of vegetation and sites, and the direct gradient analysis (RDA) to explain the diversity of species ad the habitat characteristicsThe geomorphic processes affecting the extreme high-mountain environment were evaluated as the most crucial elements that determine the spatial distribution of vegetation, its particular species or overall nature of coppice fragmentation. The relief and mainly its spatial geomorphic attributes are therefore relevant phenomena of landscape that enable scientists to understand, for example the scale and hierarchy of vegetation arrangement. The relationship of vegetation and the intensity of geomorphic processes can be only considered and generalized on the basis of longtermed research.

Using geometric morphometrics to determine the "fittest" floral shape: A case study in large-flowered, buzz-pollinated Meriania hernandoi.

Floral shape (relative arrangement and position of floral organs) is critical in mediating fit with pollinators and maximizing conspecific pollen transfer particularly in functionally specialized systems. To date, however, few studies have attempted to quantify flowers as the inherently three-dimensional (3D) structures they are and determine the effect of intraspecific shape variation on pollen transfer. We here addressed this research gap using a functionally specialized system, buzz pollination, in which bees extract pollen through vibrations, as a model. Our study species, Meriania hernandoi (Melastomataceae), undergoes a floral shape change from pseudocampanulate corollas with more actinomorphically arranged stamens (first day) to open corollas with a more zygomorphic androecium (second day) over anthesis, providing a natural experiment to test how variation in floral shape affects pollination performance. In one population of M. hernandoi, we bagged 51 pre-anthetic flowers and exposed half of them to bee pollinators when they were in either stage of their shape transition. We then collected flowers, obtained 3D flower models through x-ray computed tomography for 3D geometric morphometric analyses, and counted the pollen grains remaining per stamen (male pollination performance) and stigmatic pollen loads (female pollination performance). Male pollination performance was significantly higher in open flowers with zygomorphic androecia than in pseudo-campanulate flowers. Female pollination performance did not differ among floral shapes. These results suggest that there is an "optimal" shape for male pollination performance, while the movement of bees around the flower when buzzing the spread-out stamens results in sufficient pollen deposition regardless of floral shape.

Formation energy crossings in Ga2O3-Al2O3 quasibinary system: ordered structures and phase transitions in (Al x Ga1−x )2O3

A quasibinary system of Ga2O3-Al2O3 offers a range of applications in wide bandgap semiconductor engineering. Different polymorphs and concentrations of (Al x Ga1−x )2O3 manifest a variety of structural and electronic properties, paving the way for tunability of (Al x Ga1−x )2O3 for specific functions. In this work, we investigate the energetics of alpha (α) and beta (β) polymorphs of Ga2O3 and Al2O3 by considering all possible configurations in a conventional unit cell. Using density functional theory, we show that the formation energies of (Al x Ga1−x )2O3 in α and β configurations start to coincide at 50% concentration (Al0.5Ga0.5)2O3. The corundum configuration then becomes more dominant (lower in energy) than its monoclinic counterpart at around 80% Al concentration. The lowest formation energy configurations for 50% concentration in both α and β polymorphs also manifest a preference towards an ordered phase. These show that the stability of Ga2O3-Al2O3 and its phase transitions are significantly influenced by the relative arrangements of Ga and Al within the quasibinary semiconducting crystal.

Molecular simulations of DEAH-box helicases reveal control of domain flexibility by ligands: RNA, ATP, ADP, and G-patch proteins.

DEAH-box helicases use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to translocate along RNA strands. They are composed of tandem RecA-like domains and a C-terminal domain connected by flexible linkers, and the activity of several DEAH-box helicases is regulated by cofactors called G-patch proteins. We used all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the helicases Prp43, Prp22, and DHX15 in various liganded states to investigate how RNA, ADP, ATP, or G-patch proteins influence their conformational dynamics. The simulations suggest that apo helicases are highly flexible, whereas binding of RNA renders the helicases more rigid. ATP and ADP control the stability of the RecA1-RecA2 interface, but they have only a smaller effect on domain flexibility in absence of a RecA1-RecA2 interface. Binding of a G-patch protein to DHX15 imposes a more structured conformational ensemble, characterized by more defined relative domain arrangements and by an increased conformational stability of the RNA tunnel. However, the effect of the G-patch protein on domain dynamics is far more subtle as compared to the effects of RNA or ATP/ADP. The simulations characterize DEAH-box helicase as dynamic machines whose conformational ensembles are strongly defined by the presence of RNA, ATP, or ADP and only fine-tuned by the presence of G-patch proteins.

Configurational assessment of solidification performance in a triplex-tube heat exchanger filled with composite phase change material

The melting/solidification performance of a latent heat based thermal energy storage (TES) system is impeded due to the poor thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs). To circumvent this limitation, several approaches have been adopted such as incorporation of nanoparticles including carbon nanotubes, fins/extended surfaces, heat pipes, metal foam, etc. This work presents an innovative design optimization technique for the solidification (discharging) enhancement by embedding the porous copper metal foam in PCM (referred as composite PCM) inside a triplex-tube heat exchanger unit. Equal volume ratio (0.5 v/v) of PCM and composite PCM was considered inside the annular space. Fifteen different configurations (M-1 to M-15) of composite PCM under the four broad classes based on the relative positioning and arrangement of metal foam were investigated and compared. Transient drop in melt fraction during solidification, temperature contours, instantaneous solidification contours, and total energy change in the solid PCM have been discussed. Numerical experiments demonstrated that the segmentation of porous metal foam zone in TES units significantly improves the discharging performance. The results suggest that upon maintaining a direct contact of the composite PCM zone with the flowing heat transfer fluid further improves heat dissipation and leads to an enhancement of ∼3.2 times (M-15) as compared to the pure PCM case (M-1). The overall performance is improved when the metal foam is placed above the pure PCM in TES unit. Typical results predict ∼97.5% and ∼ 91.1% reduction in solidification time for model M-2 (fully filled with metal foam of porosity 0.95) and M-11 (uniform segmentation of metal foam of porosity 0.95 into 4 zones), respectively, when compared with pure PCM (M-1). An evaluation of the rate of the total energy released per unit cost of material used during discharging reports that model M-11 outperforms (the maximum value of ∼8.9) all other models having identical mass of PCM and/or composite PCM.

Kinmaking: toward more-than-tourism (studies)

ABSTRACT The field of tourism studies has entered an epoch of manifold vulnerabilities, a period in which the academic community will have to respond to the environmental and planetary crises and consider the wellbeing of not just humans but also nonhumans and multispecies. In these momentous times, it is imperative not to overlook tourism studies’ ontological, epistemological, and axiological vulnerabilities and to survey the potential viabilities. Although the blossoming criticalities in the field have greatly fuelled the urgency to correct, rectify, and recalibrate existing relational arrangements and replace these by more sustainable, just, and inclusive visions for/versions of tourism, there is still a pressing need for more conceptually, theoretically, and philosophically malleable architecture. Inspired by Donna Haraway’s scholarship on broader planetary matters, this contribution offers ‘kinmaking’ as a critico-creative, disruptive space and fitting thoughtscape for transitioning into more-than-tourism (studies). Among the key ideas covered in this paper are the dangers of epistemocentricism, the necessity for sympoietic approaches, the rise of postdisciplinary and posthuman acumen, and the overall ripeness of tourism studies to become a domain of critical relationalities.

Computational design of covalently bound dimers for singlet fission

We present two different computational approaches to design covalently bound dimers for singlet fission. Both designs aim at maximizing the effective coupling between the initial singlet excited state S∗ and the double triplet state TT, by tuning the interaction (mainly through-space) between the chromophore units. Design I is based on a preliminary search for the optimal relative arrangements of chromophores in a space of possible stacked pair geometries. Then, the optimized dimeric arrangements are used as targets for the covalent connection of the two chromophores. In design II, all viable ways to covalently bind the two chromophores are considered, using a given set of linkers. Next, the most promising covalent dimers for singlet fission, among our tested candidates, are identified. The application of our approaches to a locked 1,3-diphenyl-isobenzofuran chromophore and a diamino-fluoroquinone compound allowed to design several promising dimers for singlet fission, featuring large S∗-TT effective couplings and favorable energetics.

Ru-Controlled Thymine Tautomerization Frozen by a k1(O)-, k2(N,O)-Metallacycle: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach.

The reaction of mer-(Ru(H)2(CO)(PPh3)3) (1) with one equivalent of thymine acetic acid (THAcH) unexpectedly produces the macrocyclic dimer k1(O), k2(N,O)-(Ru(CO)(PPh3)2THAc)2 (4) and, concomitantly, the doubly coordinated species k1(O), k2(O,O)-(Ru(CO)(PPh3)2THAc) (5). The reaction promptly forms a complicated mixture of Ru-coordinated mononuclear species. With the aim of shedding some light in this context, two plausible reaction paths were proposed by attributing the isolated or spectroscopically intercepted intermediates on the basis of DFT-calculated energetic considerations. The cleavage of the sterically demanding equatorial phosphine in the mer-species releases enough energy to enable self-aggregation, producing the stable, symmetric 14-membered binuclear macrocycle of 4. The k1-acetate iminol (C=N-OH) unit of the mer-tautomer k1(O)-(Ru(CO)(PPh3)2(THAc)) (2) likely exhibits a stronger nucleophilic aptitude than the prevalent N(H)-C(O) amido species, thus accomplishing extra stabilization through concomitant k2(N,O)-thymine heteroleptic side-chelation. Furthermore, both the ESI-Ms and IR simulation spectra validated the related dimeric arrangement in solution, in agreement with the X-ray determination of the structure. The latter showed tautomerization to the iminol form. The 1H NMR spectra in chlorinated solvents of the kinetic mixture showed the simultaneous presence of 4 and the doubly coordinated 5, in rather similar amounts. THAcH added in excess preferentially reacts with 2 or trans-k2(O,O)-(RuH(CO)(PPh3)2THAc) (3) rather than attacking the starting Complex 1, promptly forming the species of 5. The proposed reaction paths were inferred by spectroscopically monitoring the intermediate species, for which the results were strongly dependent on the of conditions the reaction (stoichiometry, solvent polarity, time, and the concentration of the mixture). The selected mechanism proved to be more reliable, due to the final dimeric product stereochemistry.

Are Telecommuters’ and Non-Telecommuters’ Daily Time-Use Behaviors Different? An Episode-Level Model for Non-Mandatory Activities

Telecommuters (individuals working from home), and non-telecommuters (individuals working at the workplace) might have significantly different daily time-use patterns. For example, telecommuters might be able to engage in more episodes of non-mandatory activities such as recreation and pick-up/drop-off of children, as many telecommuters have a relatively flexible work arrangement in relation to their work location and schedule. This study aims to explore the non-mandatory activity engagement and duration decisions of these two worker profiles at a disaggregated-episode level. To do so, a multiple discrete continuous extreme value with ordered preferences (MDCEV-OP) model is adopted, using the 2018 travel survey data from the Central Okanagan region of British Columbia, Canada. This model accounts for multiple occurrences of each activity type (i.e., episodes) along with their corresponding durations. In doing so, the model adopts a logical ordering ensuring that the jth episode is not predicted without the occurrence of the ( j–1)th episode of an activity type. The model results reveal that telecommuters are more likely to engage in higher episodes of non-mandatory activities, compared with non-telecommuters. For instance, female teleworkers are found to be more likely to participate in higher episodes of activities associated with household-related responsibilities such as shopping. In contrast, female non-telecommuters are associated with participating in more episodes of personal business-related activities. The findings of this study provide important behavioral insights into the activity-time-use patterns of telecommuters and non-telecommuters, which can be utilized to develop more effective and equitable travel demand management plans, policies, and models.

Multiple visual relationship forecasting and arrangement in videos

Visual relationships in videos are often causally connected and time-dependent. The complicated temporal dependency between visual relationships is overlooked in visual relationship modeling. To explore the realistic interactions and model the causality between visual relationships in videos, we propose a new task named Multiple Visual Relation Forecasting and Arrangement (MVRFA). Given a series of frames focusing on a <subject-object>pair, MVRFA aims to forecast the future visual relationships and their arrangement which reflects their temporal interrelationship. To evaluate the MVRFA task, we build a video dataset consisting of 1195 videos with 2666 visual relationships and corresponding arrangements annotated by 5 temporal relational classes. In addition, we present a Multi-task Relationship-centric Transformer model as a baseline, which applies graph convolution to aggregate subject-relationship-object information and uses the relationship multi-query transformer to predict the visual relationships with their arrangement. Experiments on the proposed dataset demonstrate that the proposed baseline achieves superior performance and can better handle the MVRFA task than related models.

Menyoal Pengaturan Fleksibilitas Hubungan Kerja di Indonesia: Perspektif Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja

This study aimed to analyze the arrangement of flexible labor relations before and after the passing of the copyright work law, the influence of the arrangement of flexible labor relations on the legal protection of workers’ rights, as well as the ideal arrangement of labor relations in the future in protecting workers’ rights. This study used normative juridical, historical, statutory, and conceptual methods. Data collection techniques were obtained from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analytical techniques. The results of the study showed that the arrangements in the labor law after the enactment of the work copyright law had undergone many changes, namely the validity period of work agreements for a particular time which was extended in Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021, and the expansion of the scope of outsourcing. The regulation of the flexibility of labor relations affected the guarantee of workers’ rights to obtain job security and welfare as mandated in the constitution. Strengthening the government’s position in industrial relations and repositioning the position of workers juridically and sociologically was needed to regulate flexible labor relations to guarantee workers’ rights in the future.

Closed-form asymptotic micromechanics model of fiber reinforced polymer and metal matrix composites

This work presents an analytical asymptotically-correct micromechanics model that helps to predict the effective material properties of a unidirectional composite material. The conventional and numerical approaches estimate the homogenized material properties of composites for their defined component volume fractions, their constituent properties and configurational geometry. Presently these approaches are based on kinematic assumptions such as having displacement or stress components vary through the cross section for beam like structures or through the thickness for plate like structures according to certain predefined functions that doesn’t always logically follow the 3D analysis. In the present formulation, the micromechanics model is developed by accommodating all possible deformations without assuming the displacement function or stress components. These are derived by minimizing the potential energy in terms of generalized strain measures. In the present formulation, Berdichevsky’s Variational Asymptotic Method (VAM) is employed as a mathematical tool to accomplish the homogenization procedure. The Hashin-Rosen model popularly referred to as the Concentric Cylinder Model (CCM) serves as the framework to estimate all the relevant homogenized elastic moduli and coupling coefficients. The derived quantities of interest are obtained as closed form expressions which are functions of the properties of the reinforcement material, the matrix material, their volumes fraction and the geometry of their relative arrangement. These expressions are arrived following the 3D elasticity governing rules by satisfying the interfacial displacement continuity and transverse stress equilibria conditions at the reinforcement and matrix materials interface. The developed expressions for the elastic moduli, shear moduli and Poisson’s ratios of few typical polymer and metal matrix composite materials are validated with some of the relevant results available in the literature.

Proximate Composition of Shell (Bivalves) in North Aceh District, Aceh Province Based on Differences in Species and Environmental Characteristics

Shellfish (bivalves) are potential biodiversity of waters with an important significant value used by the community as a food source of highly nutritious animal protein. Based on survey results, several coastal areas in North Aceh District have the potential for shellfish. Still, there have not been any scientific reports on this region's proximate composition of bivalves. This study aims to determine the relative arrangement of the dominant bivalves in the North Aceh District based on species differences and environmental characteristics. The results showed varying proximate bivalve proximate compositions of 4 chief types of shellfish in North Aceh waters. Bivalvia water ranged from 6.9-14.2%, ash ranged from 5.87-8.29%, protein ranged from 32.84-35.87%, fat ranged from 3.04-10.83%, and carbohydrate ranged from 38.11-42.71%. The highest protein and fat content were found in the Crassostrea sp1 type clams. In addition, the differences in the environmental characteristics of the shell sampling locations also resulted in different proximate compositions. The PCA test results showed that the critical variablarrangemente composition was ash and fat content. The environmental parameters, which were the key parameters of the relative arrangement of the shells were the substrate and pH.

Motivic zeta functions of hyperplane arrangements

AbstractFor each central essential hyperplane arrangement $\mathcal{A}$ over an algebraically closed field, let $Z_\mathcal{A}^{\hat\mu}(T)$ denote the Denef–Loeser motivic zeta function of $\mathcal{A}$ . We prove a formula expressing $Z_\mathcal{A}^{\hat\mu}(T)$ in terms of the Milnor fibers of related hyperplane arrangements. This formula shows that, in a precise sense, the degree to which $Z_{\mathcal{A}}^{\hat\mu}(T)$ fails to be a combinatorial invariant is completely controlled by these Milnor fibers. As one application, we use this formula to show that the map taking each complex arrangement $\mathcal{A}$ to the Hodge–Deligne specialization of $Z_{\mathcal{A}}^{\hat\mu}(T)$ is locally constant on the realization space of any loop-free matroid. We also prove a combinatorial formula expressing the motivic Igusa zeta function of $\mathcal{A}$ in terms of the characteristic polynomials of related arrangements.