Relationship Of Waist Circumference Research Articles

The Relationship of Waist Circumference with the Morbidity of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in Metabolically Healthy Individuals: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

This study explores the relationship between waist circumference and morbidity of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and all-cause mortality in metabolically healthy individuals. A cohort of 5775 metabolically healthy participants from the 2001-2014 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and National Death Index database was tracked over a median period of 81 months. These participants were divided into quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) based on increasing waist circumference. To compensate for missing covariates, multivariate multiple imputation methods were used. Adjusted logistic regression models were employed to examine the correlation between waist circumference and cardiovascular disease prevalence. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analysis were utilized to evaluate the association between waist circumference and all-cause mortality, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The adjusted logistic regression model indicated that a 10 cm increase in waist circumference was associated with a 1.45 times higher prevalence of CVD. As a categorical variable, there was a significant upward trend in CVD incidence across quartiles of waist circumference. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 2.41 (1.13-5.53) for Q2, 2.65 (1.18-6.39) for Q3, and 2.53 (0.9-7.44) for Q4, compared to Q1. Notably, individuals with high waist circumference showed significantly poorer survival compared to those with low waist circumference (p = 0.008). The Cox regression analysis revealed that each 10 cm increase in waist circumference contributed to an ~8% increase in all-cause mortality. This study underscores a positive correlation between waist circumference and both CVD morbidity and all-cause mortality in metabolically healthy individuals. The findings highlight the significance of routinely monitoring waist circumference for effective CVD risk management, regardless of metabolic health status.

The Relationship of Waist Circumference and Waist-to-Hip Ratio with Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Indonesia

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the non-communicable diseases which is the mayor leading cause of death in the world. One of the modifiable factors of cardiovascular disease is central obesity. Assessment of central obesity status was carried out by measuring waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). This study aimed to determine the relationship between WC and WHR with the risk of cardiovascular disease. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. There were 106 respondents selected using a convenience sampling technique. In this study, the risk of cardiovascular disease was calculated using the Jakarta Cardiovascular Score. The Spearman Rho’s was used as bivariate analysis for this study. The findings showed that WC and the risk of cardiovascular disease indicates a significant relationship with a moderate correlation (p <0.001 and r =0.467). Meanwhile, there was a significant relationship between WHR and the risk of cardiovascular disease (p<0.001 and r =0.385). Nurse may use this study result as an evidence to develop a preventive central obesity program.

The Relationship Of Waist Circumference And Hypercholesterolemia Incidence In Patient With Hypertension in Tegal Gundil Public Health Center at Bogor City

Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia are the causes of coronary heart disease (CHD) so that the presence of hypercholesterolemia in patients with hypertension will increase the risk of CHD. Central obesity describes the accumulation of fat in the stomach which can lead to abnormalities in the amount of lipids in the blood, when it occurs in patients with hypertension can lead to progression of the occurrence of high blood cholesterol and the risk of causing atherosclerosis and heart disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of waist circumference and other factors with the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in patients with hypertension. This research is a quantitative study through secondary data with Cross Sectional design. According to the results of multivariate tests with multiple logistic regression, there was a relationship between waist circumference, gender and age after being controlled by physical activity variables. Gender as a risk factor most associated with the incidence of hypercholesterolemia with a risk 8.5 times higher in women than men, then carried out waist circumference stratification test by sex in hypertensive patients with cases of central obesity found a significant relationship that women with central obesity have a risk of experiencing hypercholesterolemia as much as 5.5 times compared to central obesity in men with a value of p <0.05. There is a waist circumference relationship with the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in women who are central obesity more at risk of developing hypercholesterolemia than central obesity in men.
 Keywords: Hypercholesterolemia, waist circumference, hypertensive patients

The relationship of waist circumference and body mass index to grey matter volume in community dwelling adults with mild obesity.

SummaryObjectivePrevious work has shown that high body mass index (BMI) is associated with low grey matter volume. However, evidence on the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and brain volume is relatively scarce. Moreover, the influence of mild obesity (as indexed by WC and BMI) on brain volume remains unclear. This study explored the relationships between WC and BMI and grey matter volume in a large sample of Japanese adults.MethodsThe participants were 792 community‐dwelling adults (523 men and 269 women). Brain magnetic resonance images were collected, and the correlation between WC or BMI and global grey matter volume were analysed. The relationships between WC or BMI and regional grey matter volume were also investigated using voxel‐based morphometry.ResultsGlobal grey matter volume was not correlated with WC or BMI. Voxel‐based morphometry analysis revealed significant negative correlations between both WC and BMI and regional grey matter volume. The areas correlated with each index were more widespread in men than in women. In women, the total area of the regions significantly correlated with WC was slightly greater than that of the regions significantly correlated with BMI.ConclusionsResults show that both WC and BMI were inversely related to regional grey matter volume, even in Japanese adults with somewhat mild obesity. Especially in populations with less obesity, such as the female participants in current study, WC may be more sensitive than BMI as a marker of grey matter volume differences associated with obesity.

Relationship of Waist Circumference with Lipid and Glucose Metabolism among Southern Brazilian Children

Relationship of Waist Circumference with Lipid and Glucose Metabolism among Southern Brazilian Children

Relationship of Waist Circumference and Lipid Profile in Children

Introduction: Waist circumference (WC) in children or teenage have a close relation with the prediction to cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus type 2. The person that have a high risk is the children with WC percentile <90 which direct us to a study about the relation of waist circumference and lipid profile in children as an early intervention of prevention of cardiovascular disease in children. Methods: We have done a cross sectional study about the relationship of the waist circumference and lipid profile in children. The study samples are the junior high schools of Nusantara’s, Frater’s, and Islamic Athirah’s that met the criteria. The study was done from July 2012 until January 2013. Results: The study samples that met the study criteria are 86 children with 43 of them are with WC percentile >90 and the rest of 43 with percentile <90. By a multivariate analyses, we obtained 3 variables of lipid profile that have a relation to the WC percentile >90, which a cholesterol level total AOR is 12.621 (95% CI 3.72-94.40), triglyceride is AOR 6.945 (95% CI 1.80-54.67) and the ratio of LDL and HDL cholesterol with AOR 4.025 (95% CI 1.03-17.48). Conclusion: According to the study result, we conclude that the cholesterol frequency occurrence is high; the triglyceride is also high, and the ratio of high LDL and HDL cholesterol are more greats in WC children with percentile >90 rather than the percentile <90.

Relationship of Waist Circumference, Waist Hip Ratio and Body Mass Index as Predictors of Obesity in Adult Nigerians

Body Mass Index (BMI) has been considered a gold standard for defining overweight and obesity. BMI is an indicator of overall adiposity while Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) are indicators for abdominal adiposity. To determine which of these indices-WC and WHR compared with BMI as the gold standard, is the best predictor of obesity in healthy adult Nigerians. Four hundred apparently healthy civil servants were recruited for the study by stratified random sampling. WC, WHR and BMI were determined using standard methods. Data were available for 400 healthy subjects (196 males and 204 females). WC was found to have a strong predictive capacity for obesity but this was only in female subjects (sensitivity 100%). The Negative predictive value was also 100% which implies accurate exclusion of female subjects who don’t have obesity. WHR showed poor predictive ability for obesity in both sexes (Positive predictive value 33.3% in male and 54.8% in female) though sensitivity and negative predictive value were relatively high and better amongst the females than male. In women, significant correlation exist between BMI and WC (p<0.001), BMI and WHR (p<0.01), WC and WHR (p<0.01) whereas, in men, the correlation was only significant for BMI and WC (p<0.01). This study strongly suggests that WC has a better predictive index for obesity than WHR.

Napping, Nighttime Sleep, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Mid-Life Adults

To evaluate the relations between sleep characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors and napping behavior, and to assess whether daytime napping leads to subsequent better or worse sleep. The sample consisted of 224 (African American, Caucasian, and Asian) middle-aged men and women. Sleep measures included nine nights of actigraphy and sleep diaries, sleep questionnaires, and one night of polysomnography to measure sleep disordered breathing. More frequent napping was associated with shorter nighttime sleep duration averaged across the nine nights of actigraphy (especially among African Americans), more daytime sleepiness, more pain and fatigue by diary, and increased body mass index and waist circumference. Shorter nighttime sleep duration was associated with taking a nap during the next day and taking a nap was associated with less efficient sleep the next night. Napping in middle-aged men and women is associated with overall less nighttime sleep in African Americans and lower sleep efficiency as measured by actigraphy, and increased BMI and central adiposity. These findings point to the importance of measuring of napping in understanding associations of sleep with cardiovascular risk.

Waist circumference and insulin resistance: a cross-sectional study of Japanese men

BackgroundVisceral obesity is positively related to insulin resistance. The nature of the relationship between waist circumference and insulin resistance has not been known in Japanese populations. This study examined the relationship between waist circumference and insulin resistance and evaluated the optimal cutoff point for waist circumference in relation to insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese men.MethodsStudy subjects included 4800 Japanese men aged 39 to 60 years. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The relationship of waist circumference with HOMA-IR was assessed by use of adjusted means of HOMA-IR and odds ratios of elevated HOMA-IR defined as the highest quintile (≥2.00). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis using Youden index and the area under curve (AUC) was employed to determine optimal cutoffs of waist circumference in relation to HOMA-IR.ResultsAdjusted geometric means of HOMA-IR and prevalence odds of elevated HOMA-IR were progressively higher with increasing levels of waist circumference. In the ROC curve analysis, the highest value of Youden index was obtained for a cutoff point of 85 cm in waist circumference across different values of HOMA-IR. Multiple logistic regression analysis also indicated that the AUC was consistently the largest for a waist circumference of 85 cm.ConclusionWaist circumference is linearly related to insulin resistance, and 85 cm in waist circumference is an optimal cutoff in predicting insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese men.