Relations Theory Research Articles

Language Preference and Selection during Nurse-Patient Service Encounter at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital, Yemetu, Ibadan

This study examines language preference and selection during nurse-patient service encounters as well as the motivations and effectiveness of such selection by nurses at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital, Ibadan. The study adopted quantitative and descriptive research using a self-designed questionnaire administered to a sample population of fifty (50) nurses selected using stratified random sampling. The data assessing the four phases of nurse-patient service encounters was analyzed using simple percentages and then subjected to a descriptive analysis using Peplau's (1997) Theory of Interpersonal Relations and Giles' (1991) Communication Accommodation Theory. The study finds that language preference at the orientation phase of the nurse-patient service encounters was Yoruba (20%), Yoruba and English Language (56%), while only (24%) opted for the use of the English Language. During the identification and exploitation phases, (86%) adopted the Yoruba language, while (4%) and (10%) adopted English and Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE), respectively. During the resolution phase (80%) adopted the Yoruba Language, while (16%) and (4%) used the English Language and NPE, respectively. Language preference by nurses at the different phases of service encounter, therefore, is Yoruba followed English and then NPE during healthcare provision. Nurses’ motivations for converging or diverging to and from the patients’ preferred language were on the grounds of faster healthcare delivery (96%), emotional stability of the patients (96%), level of education (100%), prestige (64%), ease of communication and comprehension (99%), detailed information (88%), language preference (62%), and patient’s language competence(62%). The Yoruba language was found to be effective during orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution phases of nurse-patient service encounters as it was considered to depict nurses as emphatic (80%), achieve delivery of patient-centred healthcare (88%), a more coordinated service delivery (84%), effective patient evaluation as well implementation of treatment (98%). Yoruba was also found to keep patients emotionally stable (96%) and ensure effective follow-up of healthcare delivery (100%). The study has shown that linguistic affiliation by the selection of patient’s language preference, which is often the use of the Yoruba language, was found to be effective in ensuring effective health care before, during, and the follow-up care of patient-nurse service encounters at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital. It is suggested that linguistic orientation for better healthcare delivery should be mandated in the healthcare sector. Research on language preference during service encounters among nurses and their patient interaction in the hospital from the viewpoint of the patients is also suggested.

Gender Is the Name of the Frame: Understanding Gender through the Lens of Relational Frame Theory

While researchers continue to develop their understanding of gender as a complex and multifaceted concept, the detrimental impact of gender-related inequity and social injustice persists. This conceptual paper describes the potential benefits of incorporating Relational Frame Theory (RFT) as a contextual and pragmatic approach to gender. An RFT lens might enhance our understanding of gender as a language-based phenomenon, involving patterns of derived relational responding and rule-governed behavior. Such an understanding might then facilitate the development of assessments and context-sensitive interventions that support flexible and expansive experiences of gender that promote thriving. Despite the potential utility of an RFT approach, RFT has rarely been applied to gender-related concerns. This paper aims to provide a starting point for exploring gender from an RFT perspective, highlight relevant RFT studies, acknowledge limitations of current lines of research, and provide recommendations regarding future research. We hope that the paper will also act as a call to action for contextual behavioral scientists, as well as demonstrate how an RFT perspective might both align with, as well as add to, existing perspectives from other disciplines.

Intelligence for human security: measuring outcomes quantitatively

ABSTRACT This article examines whether increased intelligence capacity improves global security, a key assumption in intelligence theory. Using the partial least squares structural equation modelling method, the research statistically analyzes data from the U.S. International Intelligence Behaviour dataset and Global Terrorism Database. Grounded in intelligence studies and international relations theory, the study integrates a constructivist human security framework. Surprisingly, the results show a significant correlation between increased intelligence capacity and the degree of terrorism, suggesting intelligence may undermine rather than enhance human security. This finding challenges traditional assumptions, though it must be viewed cautiously due to potential endogeneity.

A Review of Virtual Water Research

A comprehensive and objective understanding of the amount of water resources occupied by human activities is an important way to improve the existing water resources management. The theory of virtual water is a brand-new concept proposed at the end of the 20th century to solve the problems of water resource shortage and water resource security. Based on a brief analysis of virtual water and its related concepts, this paper introduces the research status of related theories at home and abroad, discusses from the perspectives of water footprint, virtual water quantitative calculation, virtual water trade, virtual water strategy, etc., and points out that virtual water plays a vital role in maintaining regional peace. Stabilizing and promoting regional economic development is of great significance. It also examines the imperfections in the existing theories of virtual water and looks forward to the future research directions of virtual water.

General fluctuation-dissipation relations embedded in Markov switching diffusion processes

We present an integral theory for the fluctuation-dissipation relations embedded in Markov switching diffusion processes, which mimic the fluctuations induced simultaneously by noise originating from different time-scale levels. The formulas for the extended Einstein’s relation in terms of second-order moments, as well as the auto and cross spectra are derived. Several universal properties for two types of fluctuations are proved: The thermally induced one remains globally constant for isothermal systems and its spectrum is Lorentzian; the fluctuation induced by the switching noise has distinctive scaling laws that are embedded in the auto and cross spectra.

Object relations theory and transference analysis

Object relations theory and transference analysis

The Implementation of Public Relations in Enhancing Competitiveness at Smk Negeri 1 Boyolangu, Tulungagung, Indonesia

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of school public relations management to win the hearts of the community and prospective students as the best choice. This program aims to convey information about the school and build opinions about the school’s competitiveness. One of the ways to achieve this is through school public relations management at the forefront of the school in the field of information and relations with stakeholders in planning, implementation, and evaluation. The research question is: How does public relations implementation enhance competitiveness at SMKN 1 Boyolangu Tulungagung? This research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach using a multi-case design at SMKN 1 Boyolangu. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis includes single-case and cross-case analyses using data reduction, presentation, and conclusions. The results of this research are as follows: the implementation includes a) publicity, b) educational cooperation, and c) partnerships. The research findings support the theory of public relations functions by Cutlip & Center, Harlow, Broom, and Keith Butterick, J.C, Seidel, as well as the opinion of Emerson Reck that public relations is a two-way communication activity between an institution and its public. In addition, Kotler’s opinion is that school public relations sometimes act as human relations only sometimes combines a marketing role, and at times tends to be marketing-oriented only.

CONSTRUCTION OF STATE UNITARY ENTERPRISES AS A FORM OF SEPARATION OF PROPERTY OF PUBLIC ENTITIES

The article examines the problems of the legal construction of state unitary enterprises and evaluates the contribution of Professor S. M. Korneev to its justification. The article reveals the history of the formation and the essence of the construction of a state enterprise based on the right of operational management (economic management) in domestic civil law. The disadvantages of this design are noted, consisting in the splitting of property rights for the same property between two entities (the state and the enterprise). The role of S. M. Korneev in substantiating the construction of the law of operational management is shown. The dual nature of the powers of the state in relation to the state-owned enterprises created by it is revealed, consisting not only of the property rights of the owner in relation to the property assigned to the enterprise, but also of organizational and managerial powers in relation to the enterprise itself as a legal entity. The reasons for the gradual abandonment of the construction of a state unitary enterprise based on the right of economic management in the present period are analyzed, among which are the loss of the importance of state ownership as the basis of economic relations, the shortcomings of the construction of the right of economic management itself, which is essentially a variation of “split property”, the need to develop competition. At the same time, the main reason for the “dying out” of the design of unitary enterprises is its replacement by the modern theory of corporate management relations that arise between the founder-owner and the unitary legal entity created by him (state enterprise). The conclusion is made about the meaninglessness of the powers of the state as the owner of the property of a state enterprise and about the performance of the corresponding functions by the “managerial” corporate powers of the state as the sole founder of a state legal entity.

Deformation prediction model of concrete face rockfill dams based on an improved random forest model

The unique structure and complex deformation characteristics of concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) create safety monitoring challenges. This study developed an improved random forest (IRF) model for dam health monitoring modeling by replacing the decision tree in the random forest (RF) model with a novel M5' model tree algorithm. The factors affecting dam deformation were preliminarily selected using the statistical model, and the grey relational degree theory was utilized to reduce the dimensions of model input variables. Finally, a deformation prediction model of CFRDs was established using the IRF model. The ten-fold cross-validation method was used to quantitatively analyze the parameters affecting the IRF algorithm. The performance of the established model was verified using data from three specific measurement points on the Jishixia dam and compared with other dam deformation prediction models. At point ES-10, the performance evaluation indices of the IRF model were superior to those of the M5' model tree and RF models and the classical support vector regression (SVR) and back propagation (BP) neural network models, indicating the satisfactory performance of the IRF model. The IRF model also outperformed the SVR and BP models in settlement prediction at points ES2-8 and ES4-10, demonstrating its strong anti-interference and generalization capabilities. This study has developed a novel method for forecasting and analyzing dam settlements with practical significance. Moreover, the established IRF model can also provide guidance for modeling health monitoring of other structures.

Students’ Decision-Making at the University Level: A Phenomenological Study

Students’ decision making is a dynamic and complex process. A number of quantitative studies have identified the elements that play their role in this process, particularly in the contexts of the developed regions. However, in the developing countries, especially in the countries of South-Asian region where collectivist societies exist, such studies occur in a very negligible number. To fill this gap, the present study explored the elements that are perceived to affect undergraduate and graduate students’ decision making on academic as well as non-academic contexts. Given that today’s students are tomorrow’s leaders, understanding their decision making may contribute in anticipating the nature of decisions they would make in the future. To understand this phenomenon, interpretive phenomenological analysis was used. The study found two major themes – personal elements, and external elements. The discussion on these themes and their sub-themes highlight that students make decisions centered on consequences such as loss of position and prestige, fear of individual punishments. Students decision making were also found to reiterate the theory of utilitarianism and relative truth theory.

Realising the potential of digital health communities: a study of the role of social factors in community engagement

ABSTRACT Health and fitness communities in the digital age are of strategic importance to global health and wellbeing. Despite this, information systems (IS) research on digital health and fitness communities has not kept pace with societal needs. Using partial least squares analysis, this study examines a number of social factors to predict members’ continuance intention (CI) in digital health and fitness communities. The findings confirm that the social presence (SP) of the community, as perceived by a member, influences their sense of belonging (SB) to it. SP and SB influence the member’s emotional engagement (EE) and appreciation of being recognised (AR) by the community. Subsequently, EE and AR are found to influence CI to stick with the community. In addition, the social influence (SI) of one’s social circles influences AR and CI. Departing from the dominant approaches, this study advances IS research on digital communities by conceptualising and testing a model to predict CI according to social relational theories. The study offers new theoretical foundations, which are appropriate to digital communities, upon which future studies can be based. Further, the findings offer practical insights for improving engagement in digital health and fitness communities.

Research on the Influence of Social Media on Womens Consumption

Shi Qingqi was one of the famous economists who widely promoted the "women's economy" concept, also referred to as the "SHE economy." According to such a concept, more women are starting to identify their clients from a woman's perspective, thus developing more products. This can also be explained through related theories like the demand theory. According to the demand theory, the higher the price of products, the less the products will be demanded in the market, demonstrating a downward-sloping demand curve. This article proposes the interaction between social media and women's consumption through the retrieval and inspection of related literature. This paper argues that the development of the womens economy has led to an improvement in womens status, altered the needs between men and women, altered the way women shop, affected women's consumption, and has its limitations in the long run.

Algorithmic extremism? The securitization of artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on radicalism, polarization and political violence

Artificial intelligence is often framed as a tool to be used to counter violent extremism. This paper seeks to make a contribution to scholarship on the use of AI by considering the other side of the debate: how AI and algorithms themselves can and are being used to radicalize, polarize, and spread racism and political instability. The central argument of the paper is that AI and algorithms are not just tools deployed by national security agencies to prevent malicious activity online, but contributors to polarization, radicalism and political violence. Further to this, securitization processes have been instrumental in how AI has been designed, used and to the harmful otucomes that it has generated. The paper begins with an analysis of the connections between AI, polarization, radicalism and political violence. Drawing on the ‘Copenhagen School’ of International Relations theory, it then moves on to an empirical assessment of how AI has been securitized throughout its history, and in media and popular culture depictions, and by exploring a number of modern examples of AI having polarizing, radicalizing effects that have contributed to political violence. The third section of the article examines AI technology itself, arguing that problems exist in the design of AI, the data that it relies on, how it is used, and in its outcomes and impacts. The final section draws conclusions and policy implications, arguing that a reconceptualisation of AI-enabled security is necessary that is more attuned to the human, social and psychological impacts of the technology.

Counseling Perinatal Clients with Substance Use Disorder: A Relational Approach

ABSTRACT Treatment for substance use disorder (SUD) is frequently accompanied by concurrent trauma counseling. However, the needs of perinatal clients with SUD remain unaddressed, despite their clinical and multicultural needs concerning trauma, gender, and perinatal status. Relational cultural theory (RCT), which aims to enhance clients’ capacities for relational resilience and growth-fostering relationship, may help augment client access to adaptive support networks. We present an overview of the clinical needs of perinatal clients with dual diagnoses and propose a creative and relational approach to this vital work.

Innovation and commercialisation: the role of the international dynamic marketing capability in Malaysian international entrepreneurial firms

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how international entrepreneurial firms (IEFs) successfully commercialise innovative products/services internationally. In doing so, the authors examined the role played by the international dynamic marketing capability (IDMC) in the relationship between explorative and exploitative innovation and commercialisation. In addition, the authors also evaluated how the breadth and depth of international networks facilitate IEFs in upholding the effects of the IDMC to influence commercialisation.Design/methodology/approachTo test the research model, structural equation modelling is used based on time-lagged survey data drawn from 201 Malaysian IEFs. To validate the results, additional robustness tests and endogeneity analyses have been performed.FindingsThe findings show that the IDMC positively mediates the relationship between explorative and exploitative innovation and commercialisation. Furthermore, the finding exhibits that the effects of the IDMC on commercialisation are positively moderated by the breadth and depth of international networks.Originality/valueGiven the fragmented and general nature of the extant marketing research on the IDMC, the study contributes to the international marketing literature by providing rich and nuanced pertinent knowledge. This study advances dynamic capability theory in relation to IEFs by establishing the IDMC as a functional capability suited to enable them to successfully commercialise the products/services resulting from explorative and exploitative innovation.

Intersecting Pathways: Examining Hildegard Peplau's and Rosemarie Parse's Nursing Theories through a Comparative Lens

Background: Nursing theories are organized bodies of knowledge providing a way to define nursing as a unique discipline that is separate from other disciplines. As a profession, nursing is committed to recognizing its own unparalleled body of knowledge vital to nursing practice and science. Nursing is a science based on the theory of what nursing is, what nurses do, and why. Aim: This paper aims to elucidate the practical application of Hildegard Peplau's and Rosemarie Parse's nursing theories, individually and in synthesis, in modern nursing practice. Key points: These include a) Hildegard Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship, therapeutic communication, and the continuous search for improvement in patients, even those facing mental health challenges. b) Rosemarie Parse's Theory of Human Becoming underscores the uniqueness of each patient's lived experiences, the significance of "meaning" in health experiences, "rhythmicity" in patterns, and the potential for "transcendence" and growth. c) Integrating Peplau's and Parse's theories promotes holistic patient-centered care, compassionate and empathetic nursing, enhanced communication skills, patient autonomy, cultural competence, continuity of care, and a deep respect for human dignity. d) By embracing both theories, nurses can provide comprehensive, compassionate, and patient-centered care that respects each patient's individuality and capacity for growth. Conclusion: The synthesis of Hildegard Peplau's and Rosemarie Parse's nursing theories offers nurses a comprehensive framework for modern nursing practice. It guides nurses in providing high-quality, patient-centered care that preserves human dignity and recognizes the uniqueness of each patient. Drawing from multiple theoretical perspectives enhances nursing practice and ensures the well-being of patients in today's evolving healthcare landscape.

IMPLEMENTASI CYBER PUBLIC RELATIONS DALAM PEMBENTUKAN CITRA KEPOLISIAN RESOR KOTA (POLRESTA) SAMARINDA

The new era of rapid development of information technology today not only affects some aspects, but also activities carried out by PR (Public Relations) practitioners. This indirectly requires PR practitioners to face changes, namely the transition from the conventional era to the digital era. Conventional to digital PR activities are also known as Cyber Public Relations (CPR). One of the challenges of PR in the digital world is managing negative opinions from the public that can affect the positive image built by the organization. Currently, police agencies are one of the state institutions that are vulnerable to negative public opinion and are often threatened by their reputation in the eyes of the public. Therefore, this research aims to examine the implementation of Cyber Public Relations of Samarinda Police in shaping a positive image in the eyes of the community and what obstacles are experienced to form a positive image. In this research, the theory used is the Excellence of Public Relations theory. To reveal these issues thoroughly and in depth, this research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to explain the situation and conditions of Cyber Public Relations activities of Samarinda Police. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of Cyber Public Relations by the Public Relations of Samarinda Police has not been carried out comprehensively. CPR activities of Samarinda Police only reach the level of press agentcy and public information, Public Relations also has not involved the community in CPR activities to improve their image. Some of the obstacles experienced by Samarinda Police Public Relations are related to the lack of human resources and interaction from the public in the media they manage.

BOKO HARAM TERRORISM, THE GIRL CHILD AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA

The study interrogates the link between Boko Haram terrorism and sustainable development in North-East region of the Nigerian state. Although a good number of associated literatures have highlighted the challenges of Boko Haram on sustainable development especially in the North-East region of Nigeria. However, the conversations appear to have underemphasized its implications on gender equality in the region. Thus, the study is aimed at filling this gap. The researcher employed the application of the relative deprivation theory. The framework see deprivation as a condition creating fertile grounds for recruitment of youths into violence/Boko Haram terrorist organization. The study was purely qualitative relying mainly on documentary reports. Data was gathered through secondary source and analysis were done through a historical and institutional process. Findings of the study showed that Boko Haram impacts negatively on education, particularly on the girl child as it deters them from enjoying quality education vis-à-vis their male counterparts and this impacts significantly on gender inequality in North-East Nigeria. Strengthening security networks to put an end to terrorism in North-East region of Nigeria, educating the populace to understand the role of women in nation building and development through mass media campaigns, the need for more gender equality campaigns by balancing the role of men and women, boys and girls in development planning/processes are recommended as the most likely means to curtail the challenges of Boko Haram as it affects girl child schooling and by extension gender equality.

A Theoretical Framework for Conducting Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Virtual Care & Research

Despite rapid adoption and implementation, theoretical research considerations for virtual care (VC), defined simply as healthcare delivered using technology, are lacking across psychiatric mental health nursing (PMHN) scholarship. By adapting Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory (IRT) and Media Richness Theory (MRT) using an intermodern and emancipatory knowing approach, a new framework was created for guiding modern PMHN VC research. Using this theoretical framework, readers can gain awareness of how the art and science of PMHN practice can be applied to VC scholarly endeavors in the modern healthcare space.

Anthropocene Self-Consciousness: Response to “Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto”

The prior issue of Krisis (42:1) published Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, with the aim to instigate a debate of the issues raised in this manifesto – the necessary re-thinking of the role (and the concept) of nature in critical theory in relation to questions of ecology, health, and inequality. Since Krisis considers itself a place for philosophical debates that take contemporary struggles as starting point, it issued an open call and solicited responses to the manifesto. This is one of the sixteen selected responses, which augment, specify, or question the assumptions and arguments of the manifesto.