Russian Relations Research Articles

Foreigners and the labor market

The article discusses issues related to attracting foreign labor to Russia. Some features of the personnel policy of the Russian state are shown, taking into account the changing demographic situation in the country, attention is drawn to new requirements in the legislation of the Russian Federation — both for foreigners when they formalize employment relations in Russia and for employers who employ them. There are also innovations in the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation in cases of violations of the legislation of the Russian Federation in attracting foreigners to work in Russia.

Federalism of modern Russia: problems and prospects

This article considers the processes of development of federative relations of Russia in the 21stcentury. These fundamental changes have touched many aspects of political life of the country: legislation, political institutions, relations between the subjects and the federal center. Undoubtedly, this complex step-by-step process was inseparably connected with socio-economic and spiritual spheres of public life. The article considers the topic of federalism development as a model of social progress and development of statehood from a problematic point of view. The authors emphasize that the uniqueness of each federal system created in the history of mankind allow us to consider modern Russian federalism as developing, including in connection with the emergence of new subjects, new configuration, new composition. In political science it is accepted that federalism is built in different degrees of decentralization of relations in favor of the subjects. However, at the present stage, Russian political practice demonstrates a new experience of building a simultaneously federal and centralized state, in which political elites maintain consensus on the distribution of powers, the solution of the national question, etc. This unique political experience has been attempted to present in a new way. The authors of this article tried to present this unique political experience.

Unraveling North Korea’s perception of diplomacy with Russia: focusing on the strategic emergence of the friendship and cooperation relationship in 2023

Since 2023, North Korea and Russia have been rapidly intensifying their amicable relationship. This study investigates North Korea’s current perceptions regarding its diplomacy with Russia. While previous studies have primarily examined the military sector with respect to North Korea–Russia relations, because North Korea’s military policy constitutes a branch of its diplomatic strategy tailored to political objectives, assessing North Korea’s diplomatic policy solely from the perspective of military cooperation can yield only a limited analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to consider North Korea’s long-established diplomatic belief system and its implications on its diplomatic policy. This study seeks to derive the attributes of North Korea’s perception of its diplomacy with Russia by interpreting the ‘internal discursification’ attempted by North Korean authorities. Methodologically, Rodong Sinmun, the mouthpiece of the Workers’ Party of Korea, is utilized as a key medium for internal discursification. Our analysis reveals that North Korea is establishing diplomatic routes to simultaneously pursue its autonomy and interests and is influencing Russia to support North Korea’s pursued national identity and interests. Additionally, this study confirms the intention of North Korean domestic politics to strengthen the authority of Kim Jong Un by constructing an image of an international leader.

Russian Foreign Policy Orientation Under Putin in Relation to Pakistan and Its Implications on India

This research explores the orientation of Russia's foreign policy under President Vladimir Putin, focusing specifically on its evolving relationship with Pakistan and the implications this has for India. Historically, Russia has maintained close ties with India, while Pakistan has leaned toward alliances with the United States and China. However, since the 2010s, there has been a perceptible shift in Russia-Pakistan relations, including increased defence cooperation and economic engagements, raising concerns in New Delhi. This paper examines the strategic factors driving Moscow's outreach to Pakistan, the implications for South Asian security dynamics, and how India is adjusting its foreign policy in response to these changes. The Russian Federation's foreign policy under Vladimir Putin has witnessed significant shifts in its orientation towards various global actors, particularly in South Asia. Russia's relations with Pakistan, historically marked by Cold War-era rivalries and limited engagements, have evolved considerably under Putin's leadership, raising important questions about its strategic calculations and the broader geopolitical ramifications. This paper examines the transformation in Russia-Pakistan relations under Putin, focusing on military, economic, and diplomatic interactions. It also explores how this evolving partnership affects India's strategic interests, given its historical ties with Russia and ongoing tensions with Pakistan. By analysing the underlying factors driving Russian foreign policy shifts, the paper sheds light on the complex triangular dynamics between Russia, Pakistan, and India, offering insights into the regional security architecture and future trends in South Asian geopolitics.

1940 ЖӘНЕ 1950 ЖЫЛДАРДЫҢ БАСЫНДАҒЫ ҒЫЛЫМИ БАСЫЛЫМДАРДЫҢ ТАҚЫРЫПТЫҚ МАЗМҰНЫ МЕН ҚЫЗМЕТІНЕ ТАРИХИ ТАЛДАУ

The article of 1941-1945 examines the trends and tendencies of the post-war history of Kazakhstan. Purpose and objectives. The main purpose of the research article is to compare the complex changes and trends in the development of the post-war history of Kazakhstan, a historiographical as-sessment of the research work of that time. To do this, an analysis of the main problems of the history of Kazakhstan in the 1950s was carried out, paying attention to the established trends and trends. Result. In the research article E. Bekmakhanov, A. Nusupbekov, S. B. Baishev,S. A. Neishtadt, B. N. Abisheva, M. H. Asylbekova, N. G. Pana, S. B. Nurmukhamedova, V. K. Savosko, R. B. Suleimenova, A. E.’s research is considered.Zhanova. In addition, Kazakh–Russian relations of the XVIII-XIX centuries, industrial his-tory and social, social, and economic relations of the Republic were studied. Conclusion. The research article focuses on changes and complex turns in the history of Kazakhstan, and examines scientific direc-tions.

The role and place of Mongolian — Russian relations in strengthening regional security

The current processes taking place in Northeast Asia are characterized by increased threats to stability and security. This situation dictates the need to build a regional security system. Currently, Russia and China are playing an active role in building it. As for Mongolia, its participation in the security architecture being created in the region could be an additional factor in strengthening stability. It should be borne in mind that the nature of the interstate relations that have developed between Russia and Mongolia indicate the desire of both countries to expand cooperation in various fi elds. Mongolia maintains similar friendly relations with China and other countries in the region. At the same time, the Mongolian side avoids joining interstate associations created under the auspices of Russia. The article concludes that it is necessary to expand economic cooperation between Russia and Mongolia by implementing projects, including with the participation of other states in the region (China). Mongolia's participation in the implementation of joint projects in the fi eld of economics creates conditions for its involvement in the process of building a regional security system.

Институциональные проблемы и направления развития земельных отношений в аграрной экономике

Abstract. The land reform in Russia has led to the transformation of agriculture and the formation of a multi-structured agrarian economy. For more than thirty years of land reform, new institutional problems have emerged, which hinder the development of land relations and negatively affect the state of the agrarian sphere. Institutionalisation of land relations at the current stage of development implies the formation of an effective legislative field, ensuring an optimal structure of land use and equal competitive conditions for all forms of ownership and management. Accordingly, the key socio-economic task in the choice of strategy and tactics for the development of land relations in Russia is the search for methods and tools for their improvement. The purpose of the research is to study the institutional problems and determine the directions of land relations development in the agrarian economy. Methods. The research methodology was based on the analysis of fundamental and applied works of both Russian and foreign scientists-economists concerning institutional transformations in agriculture, as well as on normative-legal and legislative documents regulating land relations. The study applied a systematic approach to the subject area under consideration; dialectical, abstract-logical, graphical, empirical, economic-statistical and other methods of scientific analysis were used. Scientific novelty consists in substantiating the directions of improving the institutional aspects of land relations. Results. The current stage of land relations development in Russia has been analysed and the main institutional problems have been identified. The identified problems are caused by the unclaimed nature of a significant part of land shares, inappropriate use of agricultural land, lack of an effective mechanism for redistribution of non-functioning land, increasing land concentration in agricultural holdings. The directions for increasing the rational and efficient use of agricultural land are proposed.

Russian Studies in the US: Past Experience and Today’s Problems

Russian Studies as an established discipline has been continuously evolving for over a century, with American socio-political and area studies thought delving into various facets of the Russian reality. This article delves into the origins of Russian Studies in the United States, its unique methodological characteristics, and offers a periodization framework authored by the writer, highlighting the developmental phases of the discipline over the past century. It is worth noting that Russian Studies is an interdisciplinary field of academic endeavor, bringing together insights from diverse areas within the social and humanities sciences. The article also addresses the challenge of delineating the subject matter of this discipline and the development of research approaches for studying Russia, particularly within the historical context of the latter half of the 20th century. There is a specific focus on nurturing the growth of academic researchers and experts that specialize in Russian Studies and Sovietology. In this regard, the article posits the idea that Soviet Studies carries practical political-ideological and political-technological significance. It has emerged as a pivotal ideological force shaping public opinion and influencing the decision-making processes of American elites during the Cold War era. The article concludes by examining the contemporary challenges and prospects facing Russian Studies. It primarily concentrates on the present state of «Russian Studies», encompassing its theoretical underpinnings, empirical research, and ideological dimensions. This assessment occurs in the context of evolving public discourse about Russia within the United States and the considerable deterioration of U. S.‑Russia relations.

European Security, NATO–Russia Relations, and the Post–Cold War Order

European Security, NATO–Russia Relations, and the Post–Cold War Order

The main vectors of the development of the ethnopolitical process in modern Russia

Relevance. The problem of the evolution of the ethnopolitical process is one of the factors of the stable political development of modern Russia. The actual state of ethnopolitical relations in the Russian Federation practically does not correspond to the most common expert assessments of the past years. Guided by these largely outdated ideas, state institutions are experiencing difficulties in finding effective tools for regulating interethnic relations in Russia of the 21st century.The purpose of the study is to analyze the main vectors of the development of the ethnopolitical process in the modern Russian Federation Research objectives: to systematize the main scientific approaches to the problem of nation-building, to identify the prerequisites for the causes of contradictions in the field of interethnic relations in post-Soviet Russia, to consider the main vectors of development of the modern ethnopolitical process.Methodology. Structural-functional, historical, and comparative methods were used to solve the research tasks. To clarify the parameters of the transformation of ethnopolitical relations in the Russian Federation, the provisions of the conflictological, primordialist and constructivist approaches were used.The results of the study. The content of the modern ethnopolitical process in Russia is determined by the collision of vectors of endogenous and exogenous content. The dominant problem remains the unwillingness of the expert community and state institutions to reconsider the concepts of the state national policy that have not justified themselves. The vectors of the ethnopolitical process in the Russian Federation in the foreseeable future will be determined by the collision of such leading strategies as "civil identity", "multiculturalism" and the project "Russian political nation". Conclusions. The main prerequisites and causes of contradictions in the interethnic relations of Russian society are revealed. They are associated with the influence of globalization processes and the specific conditions of political, economic and socio-cultural relations in the Russian Federation. The need to adjust traditional approaches to the implementation of state national policy in the modern Russian Federation is argued.

Transformation of China’s Interests in the Arctic and Potential Areas for Cooperation with Russia in the Context of International Political Turbulence

This article examines China’s evolving role in the Arctic and the potential for Sino–Russian cooperation in the region. Recently, China has been increasingly assertive in its Arctic ambitions, engaging in partnerships and projects with various Arctic nations, including Russia. By identifying the main elements of China’s Arctic strategy—its priorities, goals and approaches—this study aims to shed light on how China seeks to expand its influence in this geopolitically significant area. Additionally, the article explores current trends in Sino–Russian relations, especially in light of the geopolitical changes and tensions that have arisen in the past two years. With a focus on sustainable development, it assesses how China and Russia might align their interests and collaborate in the Arctic. The research highlights the potential synergies between these two major international players, investigating how they could navigate shared interests, manage risks, and promote stability in the region amidst complex global challenges. By analyzing these dynamics, the article seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the strategic interplay between China and Russia in the Arctic.

Transformation of the currency regulation regime and foreign economic relations of Russia in the context of expanding anti-Russian sanctions

The article discusses the features of currency regulation and foreign economic relations of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF, Russia) in the context of the introduction and growth of anti-Russian sanctions by the United States of America, European Union countries and other unfriendly countries, issues related to ensuring the sustainability of the Russian economy and its ability to withstand negative internal and external influences, issues of financial security, which is an important component of the country’s economic security, issues of the current state of the state’s banking system and the Russian economy as a whole. The article also discusses the possible expansion of international economic relations between Russia, China, North Korea and other countries. The purpose of the article is to identify directions for the transformation of the currency regulation regime and foreign economic relations of the RF in the context of the expansion of anti-Russian sanctions. The subject of the study is the currency and foreign economic relations of the RF with friendly and unfriendly countries in the current conditions of growing anti-Russian sanctions and the conduct of a special military operation in Ukraine. In conclusion, the article highlights key changes associated with changes in Russia’s foreign exchange and foreign economic activeities, promising opportunities for further expansion of international economic relations with China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and other friendly countries.

Russian science of public relations: stages of formation, specifics, development formats

INTRODUCTION. Any social institution presupposes scientific reflection of its activities. The purpose of the study is to trace the history of the formation of Russian scientific knowledge about public relations (PRology) as a component of a social institution, to characterize various approaches to scientific reflection of PR activities; to identify its national specifics and to determine possible foresights.MATERIALS AND METHODS. General scientific methods of deduction and induction, synthesis and analysis were used. The rather small domestic literature on the theory and history of PR knowledge was studied and analyzed.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. It is analyzed various points of view on the science of public relations – classifying, problematic and historical. The analysis of the development of the Russian theory of public relations is given and the main characteristics of the stages of formation of Russian knowledge about PR are revealed, which generally correspond to the periodization of public relations in Russia. In the last five years, monographs and dissertations on the theory of PR have not appeared, but a significant number of works on media communications indicate the vulgarization of scientific knowledge about public relations due to the lack of a single scientific view on the nature and specificity of media communications. The tasks of the current stage of development of scientific knowledge about PR are outlined: reflection of the state of the PR industry; creation and legitimization of a single professional glossary; registration and generalization of regional experience in the field of communications; comprehension of the experience of European public relations.CONCLUSION. Among the foresight directions, the following are named: characteristics of the “model” mechanism of scientific description of modern PR-activity on the example of the communication model of G. Lasswell, operationalization in the scientific continuum of the concepts of “communication product”, “communication technology”. The area of application of the research results may be issues of the history of communication disciplines. In the prospects of scientific research, problems of interdisciplinary interaction of communication disciplines and the advancement of foresight topics of scientific research, reflecting the reflection of practical activities in the field of integrated communications, may be identified.

Военная сила в международных отношениях как фактор безопасности и суверенитета России на современном этапе ее развития

The study presents an analysis of Russia's international relations at the present stage of development and their impact on the state of the military-political situation in regional strategic areas, which are of paramount importance for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation. The authors note that Russia aims to strengthen its contacts with Islamic countries in the context of international relations. It is observed that the Israel-Iran conflict has once again become a key factor in global politics. The features of the negotiation processes, the role and place of Russia in them are revealed. The desire to resolve the Ukrainian crisis, which severely affects the global economy and its major players, remains pronounced. According to the results of the analysis, negative trends have been identified that require the elimination of factors at the international level at the current stage of development, influencing which, it is necessary to stabilize the aggravated contradictions taking into account new threats. The identified threats will ensure strategic stability to confront the collective West, contributing to the construction, functioning and development of the national security system. Proposals are being made on new approaches to solving the negotiation process and the need for a set of legal support measures, as well as the use of existing potential.

Analysis of foreign economic relations of Russia’s new regions in 2022 – 2024

The problem of the article lies in the fact that, on the one hand, the economy of Russia’s new territories has suffered from military operations and cannot produce enough products for export, and on the other hand, it has significant potential. The DPR and the LPR, where the Donetsk coal basin is located, are considered the most promising regions. The author states that in order to overcome economic difficulties in the new regions of Russia, it is necessary to actively integrate their economies into the world markets. The author of the article concludes that the new regions of Russia have clear comparative advantages in heavy industry and agriculture. Strengthening foreign economic relations will allow attracting investments to the region, contributing to the further restoration of the infrastructure and economy of the territories under consideration.

The principle of the budgetary system unity amid implementation of regional budget independence: A case study of the Chechen Republic

Aim. To identify the ways to improve the observance of the principle of unity in the process of formation of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation (RF) on the basis of the analysis of the revenue part of the regional budget of the Chechen Republic.Objectives. To identify problems related to the observance of the principle of unity in the process of forming the budget system of the Russian Federation; to reveal the problem of the socalled chronic income insufficiency in regional and local budgets; to provide evidence of the effectiveness or inefficiency of the current mechanism of inter-institutional financial relations in Russia on the example of the Chechen Republic.Methodology. In the course of the research, the authors used general scientific methods and a number of special ones, including statistical and economic analysis, economic-mathematical and abstract-logical methods, as well as the method of graphical representation of information.Results. The idea is substantiated that the principle of independence of regional budgets should not contradict the principle of unity of the country’s budget system. It is proposed to develop a budget financing mechanism that takes into account not only the difference in providing the region with financial resources for independent development, but also the opportunity to give the funds allocated from the state budget an investment character.Conclusions. The article defines the directions for improving the mechanism while respecting the principle of unity in the process of forming the budget system of the Russian Federation. The country’s budget system should become one of the main sources of investment in the economy of the country and regions.

Transformation of Social and Labour Relations in Russia in Digitalization Times

Transformation of Social and Labour Relations in Russia in Digitalization Times

Проблемы трансформации госорганов, участвующих в кадастровых отношениях и пути их решения

The article examines the process of transformation of state bodies involved in cadastral relations in Russia. The main problems arising during this transformation are analyzed and ways to solve them are proposed. Special attention is paid to the issues of improving the efficiency of cadastral authorities in the context of the regional economy. Measures are proposed to improve the organizational structure and functionality of these bodies. The prospects for the introduction of innovative technologies in the field of cadastral registration and registration of real estate rights are considered. The necessity of an integrated approach to the reform of the public administration system in the field of land and property relations is substantiated.

Labour Relations and Modes of Production under Russia's Institutional Development

The article contributes to a discussion on the taxonomy of labour relations and its relationships with modes of production in the paradigm of post-Marxian historical institutionalism in the tradition by D.C. North and R.M. Nureev. From this perspective the author provides an outline of the concept of labour relations in Russia/ USSR, with the focus on transition processes. The author traces the transitions from kin-ordered and tributary slavery to serfdom, from tributary and commodified serfdom to wage commodified labour, then to tributary and commodified labour under socialism. The outline is based primarily on the quantitative and qualitative evidence from the previous research literature. From the cross-country comparative perspective the author highlights that the cases of slavery during the early modern capitalism, inherited by the Antebellum Southern United States during the Industrial Revolution, as well as mass use of penall abour during the Soviet industrialization effort, moderately replicated in the pre-reform China, demonstrate resumption of institutions of forced labour on the path to modern economy and society. The evidence indicates that this is associated with the processes of military modernization and expansion of the war economy. In its turn, the weakening of the military threat created the possibility of commodified labour relations development. From this perspective, the trend towards expanding their share was formed in the USSR in the 1950s, and Russia’s transition to market relations in the late 1980s – 1990s appeared to be a new stage in the development of this process.

Correlation between the Methods of Legal Regulation in the Political Party Legislation of Russia

The legal methods for regulating political party relations in Russia were analyzed using formal logical, systematic, institutional, and hermeneutic approaches. The Russian constitutional law employs the mixed method, which underpins the constitutionalization of political parties. In contrast, the prevailing imperative method emphasizes the administrative and legal foundations of the standards that define the rights and obligations of political parties. In turn, the interplay of the imperative and mixed methods in the Russian political party law has resulted in covert obligations for political parties, which are also their subjective rights. However, not all rights of political parties align with the concept of subjective rights as developed in constitutional and legal doctrine. The results obtained suggest that the current constitutional legislation in Russia is abstract, impeding a clear understanding of the rights and obligations of political parties. By exploring the doctrinal approaches, the strategies for recognizing the methods of legal regulation were singled out, depending on the interests protected by the analyzed legal standards. Thus, the specific methods of private and public law were identified, which, with the institution of political parties as an example, explain the complex nature of most legal standards. Taken together, these standards outline a complex variety of legal means to influence political party relations. Therefore, being crosssectoral, the political party standards facilitate the resolution of conflicts in law enforcement that arise in constitutional, party, electoral, and administrative legislation.