Relationship Satisfaction Research Articles

Achieving relationship satisfaction: household gender equality and mattering

This study delves into the dynamics of relationship satisfaction (RS) among married couples and its crucial significance for mental health and psychological well-being. Survey data encompassing variables such as the general mattering scale, gender inequality in Household Chores scale, kansas marital conflict scale, and relationship assessment scale were gathered from 128 married individuals aged 18 to 65 in urban areas of Malaysia and Indonesia. Participants furnished demographic information including age, gender, and marriage duration. The study variables were assessed through the scales mentioned earlier. The findings, derived from bootstrap analysis involving 5,000 samples at a 95% confidence interval, revealed that the extent of partners' involvement in household chores significantly predicted their perception of gender equality in domestic responsibilities. This perception, in turn, fostered an elevated sense of mattering, thereby contributing to heightened relationship satisfaction. Importantly, the general mattering scale served as a significant mediator in the relationship between partner's household involvement and relationship satisfaction. In summary, couples benefit from partners engaging in domestic chores, resulting in an enhanced sense of mutual significance, greater relationship satisfaction, and improved mental well-being. Marital conflict frequency and intensity did not emerge as significant factors in this relationship.

How can I help?: Specific strategies used in interpersonal emotion regulation in a relationship context.

Most emotion regulation research investigates how individuals manage their own emotions but in everyday life, emotion regulation often takes place in an interpersonal context-that is, through the intervention of others, especially close relationship partners. In this manuscript, we describe a 2-week daily diary study of 197 couples, in which we examined the nature and effectiveness of partners' attempts at interpersonal emotion regulation. Organized around the extended process model of emotion regulation (Gross, 2015), we examined the frequency and perceived effectiveness of six strategies for regulating negative emotions and two strategies for regulating positive emotions, as well as the impact of emotional regulation effectiveness on relationship satisfaction. Results indicated that situation modification was the most common approach to regulating negative emotions, whereas savoring was most common for positive emotions. Most strategies were perceived to be effective by both regulators and their targets, with the exception of suppression for negative emotion, for which evidence was mixed, and dampening for positive emotion, which was not viewed as effective. The influence of emotion regulation on relationship satisfaction depended on one's perspective: Regulators felt that their effective efforts benefitted their relationships, but even when targets experienced emotion regulation as effective, they indicated no improvements in relationship satisfaction, perhaps because the emotion-eliciting events were still salient to them. Broadly speaking, this research highlights the value of examining emotion regulation in an interpersonal context, and in the context of partners' ordinary, everyday social interaction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Same-Day and Next-Day Associations Between Relational Factors and Intimate Partner Violence in Young Adult Couples.

The prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) is high, with young adults at increased risk. IPV is largely understood as a dyadic process, as it involves both partners and is inherently influenced by the behaviors of both partners. The objective of this study was to examine the proximal influence of relationship satisfaction and conflict on same-day and nextday IPV perpetration among young adult couples. This study used data from young adult couples (N = 172) who completed a 60-day daily-diary design. The Actor Partner Interdependence Model was used to examine whether within- and between-person levels of relationship satisfaction and conflict were associated with same-day and next-day IPV perpetration. Results suggest that high levels of one's own and one's partner's relationship satisfaction was associated with low levels of same-day and next-day psychological IPV. For women, but not men, high levels in their own and their partner's relationship satisfaction were associated with low levels in same-day physical IPV perpetration. Conversely, high levels in one's own and their partner's conflict was associated with high levels of same-day psychological IPV perpetration. For women, but not men, high levels in their partner's conflict were associated with high levels of same-day physical IPV perpetration. Results suggest that relationship dissatisfaction and conflict may be proximal risk factors for IPV perpetration, particularly psychological IPV perpetration, implying these factors may be effective targets for prevention and intervention.

Brain drain in Pakistan's pharmaceutical industry: factors and solutions

AbstractThis study sheds light on strategies for retaining skilled pharmacists in Pakistan's pharmaceutical sector, offering valuable insights for both academia and industry stakeholders by investigating the impact of human resource management practices, including training and development, compensation and rewards, job performance, and job satisfaction, on employee retention. It also examines the moderating role of career growth in this context. Theoretical foundations are grounded in international migration theories and social exchange theory, providing a comprehensive framework for the study. A cross‐sectional survey design was used to collect data from 254 pharmacists in southern Punjab, Pakistan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. Findings reveal that training and development, compensation and rewards, job performance, and job satisfaction all have significant direct effects on employee retention. Additionally, career growth acts as a crucial moderator, strengthening the relationship between training and development and job performance, as well as compensation and rewards and job satisfaction in relation to employee retention. Theoretical implications emphasize the importance of tailored training programs, fair compensation practices, and career growth opportunities. Practical recommendations include creating a positive work environment, rewarding high‐performing employees, and fostering career development. Future research directions encompass longitudinal studies, the influence of organizational culture and technology, regional variations, and additional factors affecting retention.

Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Self-esteem in the Bidirectional Relationship between School Life Adaptation and Life Satisfaction of Multicultural Children

Objectives: This study sought to verify bidirectionality by examining a bidirectional relationship of school life adaptation and life satisfaction with self-esteem as a mediating variable over time.Methods: Based on data from 2,245 elementary school students extracted from Year 1 (2019), Year 2 (2020), and Year 3 (2021) of the Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (MAPS 2nd), this adopted structural equation modeling method using the autoregressive cross-lagged modeling.Results: The study derived the following results. First, adaptation to school life at a previous point affected self-esteem at a later point, self-esteem at a previous point affected life satisfaction at a later point. In other words, school life adaptation in 4th grade had a positive effect on life satisfaction in 6th grade through selfesteem at 5th grade. Second, life satisfaction at a previous point affected self-esteem at a later point. Selfesteem at an earlier point had an effect on school life adaptation at a later point. That is, life satisfaction in 4th grade had a positive effect on school life adaptation in 6th grade through self-esteem at 5th grade.Conclusion: This study found a bidirectional relationship of school life adaptation and life satisfaction with self-esteem as a mediating variable over time.

대학생의 공감 능력과 대인관계 만족도 관계에서 자아탄력성의 매개효과

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of ego-resilience in the relationship between empathy ability and interpersonal relationship satisfaction of college students. For this purpose, 158 students from J University located in Chungnam area were surveyed and 158 data were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0. The data analysis method used correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and boot strapping to verify the significance of the indirect effect. As a result, first, among the sub-factors of college students' empathy ability, ego-resilience and ego-resilience, the higher the positivity, the higher the interpersonal relationship satisfaction. Second, college students' empathy ability affected interpersonal relationship satisfaction through ego resilience, and ego resilience was found to have a full mediating effect. Third, the three sub-factors of ego resilience, positivity, control, and sociability, were all found to have a mediating effect, and among them, positivity was found to have the greatest impact. Therefore, this study is meaningful in that it confirmed the influence of ego-resilience and positivity in strengthening interpersonal relationship satisfaction of college students.

Students’ Online Learning Satisfaction in Relation to their Academic Performance in Mathematics

Students' satisfaction are indicator of academic success in relation to the student's performance in online learning. This study determined the predictors of students' academic performance at Misamis University, particularly Junior High School students. The total populations of junior high students were 415, and the target respondents were 200 students. The researchers used the descriptive-correlational research design and the Students' Online Learning Satisfaction Questionnaire (SOLSQ) as instruments. Mean, standard deviation, Pearson r, and Stepwise Regression Analysis were the statistical tools used. Findings revealed that students were highly satisfied with their online learning. They performed very satisfactorily in their online class. There was a significant relationship between the students’ online learning satisfaction and their academic performance in mathematics. Teacher characteristics predicted students' academic performance in Mathematics. Knowledge and literacy in using technologies as a medium for instruction help teachers to be more effective in teaching online learning. The study recommends that teachers need to be digitally literate in using technology as a medium of instruction. Future researchers have to look into other factors that might contribute to the student's academic performance in online learning.

Examining veterans' preferences for how to deliver couples-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: Home-based telehealth or in-person?

Understanding the modality by which veterans prefer to receive couples-based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment (i.e., home-based telehealth, in-person) may increase engagement in PTSD psychotherapy. This study aimed to understand veterans' preferred modality for couples-based PTSD treatments, individual factors associated with preference, and reasons for their preference. One hundred sixty-six veterans completed a baseline assessment as part of a clinical trial. Measures included a closed- and open-ended treatment preference questionnaire, as well as demographics, clinical symptoms, functioning, and relational measures, such as relationship satisfaction. Descriptive statistics and correlations examined factors associated with preference. An open-ended question querying veterans' reasons for their preferred modality was coded to identify themes. Though veterans as a group had no clear modality preference (51% preferring home-based telehealth and 49% preferring in-person treatment), veterans consistently expressed high levels of preference strength in the modality they chose. The presence of children in the home was associated with stronger preference for home-based telehealth. Veterans who preferred in-person care found it to be more credible and had more positive treatment expectancies. Veterans who preferred home-based telehealth believed it was flexible and increased access to care. For both preference groups, veterans' preferred modality was viewed as facilitating interpersonal relations and being more comfortable than the alternative modality. Veterans expressed strong preference for receiving their desired treatment modality for couples-based PTSD treatment. Results suggest that it is important to offer multiple treatment delivery options in couples-based PTSD treatment and matching couples to their preferred modality supports individualized, patient-centered care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Country-of-Origin Relationship (CoOR): A Relational Approach to Understanding the Association Between a Multinational Company in Crisis and Its Country of Origin

ABSTRACT Extant research has examined country-of-origin (CoO) from a marketing perspective, examining the effects of consumers’ evaluations of a country’s image on attitudes toward products from the country. To advance research on CoO, there are calls to approach CoO from the perspectives of other disciplines. From the perspective of public relations, this study conceptualizes country-of-origin relationship (CoOR) and examines it as individuals’ evaluations of a country’s pursuit of a mutually beneficial relationship with their home countries. Using South Korea as an example, survey data collected from a representative sample of 514 Australian citizens found a positive association between CoOR and evaluations of the relational efforts made by multinational companies from South Korea. In response to a hypothetical event involving a South Korean company in a crisis in Australia, those who evaluated South Korean companies positively were less likely to subscribe to conspiracy theories related to the company involved, attribute responsibility to it or engage in negative megaphoning. The findings of this study suggest that CoOR, which consists of interactional bilateralism, power mutuality, relational trust, relational satisfaction and relational commitment, is critical in reducing the “foreignness” of a multinational company.

How loneliness undermines close relationships and persists over time: The role of perceived regard and care.

Although loneliness has been associated with negative perceptions of social life in past research, little is known about the implications of loneliness for interpersonal perception within close relationships. The current research includes three studies (total N = 1,197) suggesting that loneliness is associated with a negative bias in perceiving relationship partners' regard and care and that this bias partially accounts for the effects of loneliness on lower relationship quality and problematic interpersonal behaviors. Loneliness was associated with perceiving family members (Study 1), friends (Studies 1 and 2), and romantic partners (Studies 1-3) as less admiring and caring, and these effects were independent of a variety of accuracy benchmarks, including partners' self-reports (Studies 1-3), reports from informants (Study 2), and objective observers' assessments of partners' responsive behavior (Study 3). Loneliness also predicted changes in perceptions of partners' regard over time (Study 3) and indirectly predicted lower relationship satisfaction, commitment, self-disclosure, and support provision through negative perceptions of relationship partners' regard and care (Studies 1-3). Studies 2 and 3 replicated these results in terms of day-to-day experiences (total daily observations = 16,064). The negative perceptions of partners' regard and care associated with loneliness predicted subsequent loneliness (Studies 2-3). Loneliness effects were statistically independent of self-esteem and attachment insecurity in all studies. Taken together, these findings suggest that, due to negative biases in perceiving relationship partners' regard and care, loneliness may compromise the quality of close relationships, motivate interpersonally problematic behaviors, and become persistent. Implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Two babies, two bonds: Frequency and correlates of differential maternal-infant bonding in mothers of twins.

We assessed prevalence and correlates of differential maternal-infant bonding (i.e., experiencing a stronger bond with one baby vs. the other) in mothers of twins, focusing on aspects of maternal mental health, well-being, and pregnancy/birth that have been previously linked with maternal-infant bonding. Participants (N=108 American women, 88.89% White, 82.41% non-Hispanic, aged 18-45, who gave birth to twins in the past 6-24weeks) were recruited from postpartum support websites. Participants completed a Qualtrics survey assessing pregnancy/birth history, symptoms of depression and anxiety, sleep, stress, romantic relationship satisfaction, and postpartum bonding. Twenty-six participants (24.07%) reported a bonding discrepancy. These participants endorsed higher symptoms of depression and anxiety, lower relationship satisfaction, lower average postpartum bonding, higher general and parenting stress, and longer pregnancy (all ps>.05). Greater degree of bonding discrepancy correlated with more depression, higher parenting stress, longer pregnancy, and lower relationship satisfaction (all ps>.05). Mothers of twins may benefit from postpartum mental health support, stress management strategies, and interventions to improve bonding. Future work should assess the role of breastfeeding difficulties, delivery method, birth-related trauma, infant regulatory capacity, and temperament. Longitudinal studies will help test cause and effect and potential long-term repercussions of maternal-infant bonding discrepancies.

An International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Model-Based Analysis of Suicidal Ideation among 9920 Community-Dwelling Korean Older Adults.

Many complex factors contribute to suicide in older adults. The suicidal ideation that precedes suicide is an especially direct predictor of suicide. This study aimed to identify the effects between variables affecting suicidal ideation among older adults using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model and understand the causal relationships to systematize complex factors. This study used data from 9920 community-dwelling older adults who completed a national survey in 2020 to classify predictors of suicidal ideation (e.g., depression, subjective health status, sociodemographic factors, health factors, social support, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and social participation) by using the ICF model. To determine the causal relationship between variables, this study examined significance based on the critical ratio (C.R.) and squared multiple correlation (SMC) by using a path model. Gender, education level, economic level, age, IADL, relationship satisfaction with a child, depression, and the number of chronic diseases significantly affected suicidal ideation, while age, employment status, participation in social groups, formal and informal support, satisfaction with a friend/neighbor relationship, and subjective health status did not significantly influence it. Moreover, depression mediated the relationship between each of these variables and suicidal ideation. It was found that depression was the most direct and mediating factor in suicidal ideation among many factors affecting the suicidal ideation of community-dwelling older adults. Additional studies should be conducted to develop community-level strategies based on these factors and understand causal relationships.

Development and validation of the Assessment Inventory on relationship Risks and Resources (AIRR)

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate the psychometric structure of the Assessment Inventory on relationship Risks and Resources (AIRR), a multidimensional, yet brief, package of existing single‐domain measures (relationship satisfaction, intimacy, trust, commitment, conflict strategies, reconciliation, coparenting, sexual satisfaction, and responsive attention).BackgroundIn evidence‐based approaches to couple interventions, a conceptualization of a couple's key issues and strengths is often an important clinical task.MethodA representative sample of 1,371 individuals, 18–69 years of age and cohabiting with a partner, completed the AIRR online. Initially, we randomly split the data in two halves. On the first split‐half of data, we reduced the number of items, explored the psychometrics, and tested the internal validity of each scale separately as well as combined, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. On the second half, we tested replicability of initial results.ResultsAfter item reduction, each scale in the AIRR showed internal reliabilities (Cronbach's alphas) ranging from .72 to .94. Results confirmed a seven‐factor structure of the 52‐item package with the coparenting scale omitted.Conclusion and implicationsFindings supported the AIRR as a reliable inventory that may effectively assist clinicians in the assessment of relationship risks and resources.

Enhancing employee’s job satisfaction in Vietnam: Exploring the impact of organizational commitment, supervisor emotional support and training

Job satisfaction is an important factor in promoting an employee’s well-being, productivity, and organizational success. Generally, when job satisfaction is high, employees experience greater emotions of fulfillment, motivation, and engagement. This can result in increased productivity, improved performance, and a decrease in employee turnover rates. Low job satisfaction, on the other hand, can result in tension, exhaustion, and a diminished sense of accomplishment and job security. It can also have negative effects on a person's physical and mental health and lead to decreased productivity, increased absenteeism, and increased turnover rates. Therefore, it is interesting to study some factors behind job satisfaction, especially in the context of a developing country. In particular, this study examines the roles of organizational commitment, supervisory emotional support, and training in job satisfaction. Furthermore, this research also investigates the moderating impact of training on the organizational commitment-job satisfaction relationship. The research collected data on office employees in Vietnam from December 2022 to January 2023. The quantitative analysis was conducted using SPSS and AMOS software. The findings reveal that organizational commitment, supervisory emotional support, and training have positive influences on job satisfaction. Additionally, training has a positive moderating role in the organizational commitment -job satisfaction nexus. The practical implications emphasize that organizations should create a supportive work environment and encourage emotional support from managers. Moreover, companies should prioritize training opportunities for staff members to improve their work satisfaction.

The Role of Mediation in Job Satisfaction in Relation to Work-Family Conflict and Organizational Commitment: A Study at PT. Ganesh International Filterindo

The Role of Mediation in Job Satisfaction in Relation to Work-Family Conflict and Organizational Commitment: A Study at PT. Ganesh International Filterindo

Relational Identity and Relationship Functioning in Emerging Adulthood: A Brief Report

Developing a coherent sense of self and establishing a long-term relationship are two developmental tasks during emerging adulthood. Guided by psychosocial developmental theory, this study explores the associations between relational identity processes (commitment, in-depth exploration, reconsideration of commitments) and relationship outcomes (satisfaction and stability) using a large sample of Spanish emerging adults in a romantic relationship. Results revealed that commitment as part of relational identity is associated with higher relationship satisfaction and stability, while reconsideration of commitments is associated with lower relationship satisfaction and stability. Gender acted as a moderator between in-depth exploration and relationship outcomes, with males reporting more positive associations compared to females. This study expands identity theory by demonstrating how relational identity is crucial when understanding relationship outcomes in emerging adulthood.

Low Social Well-Being in Advanced and Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Effects of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management.

Social well-being impacts cancer patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and coping style. This secondary analysis was conducted to examine whether advanced prostate cancer survivors who had experienced low social well-being would benefit from a web-based cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention. APC survivors (N = 192) who had received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were randomized to a 10-week CBSM or a health promotion (HP) control condition. A subsample of participants (n = 61) with low pre-intervention SWB (measured by social support from and relationship satisfaction with family and friends) was included in the study. Multilevel models compared participants' PC-specific quality of life (sexual, hormonal, urinary), affect-based psychosocial burden (cancer-related anxiety and distress), and coping strategies at baseline, 6months, and 12months. Covariates were included in all models as appropriate. Participants randomized to the CBSM condition showed significantly greater improvements in fear of cancer recurrence and cancer-related intrusive thoughts than those in the HP control condition. A significant condition by time interaction was also found, indicating that CBSM improved participants' PC-related fear in both short- (6months) and long-term (12months). However, the CBSM intervention did not significantly impact APC-related symptom burden. Only for the urinary domain, clinically meaningful changes (CBSM vs HP) were observed. In addition, all participants, regardless of condition, reported less coping (e.g., emotion-, problem- and avoidance-focused) over time. As predicted, the CBSM intervention improved several affect-based psychosocial outcomes for APC survivors with low baseline SWB.

Elucidating the Association of Key Socio-demographic Factors Underlying Happiness and Well-being in the Eastern Indian Bengali Population

Background: Subjective happiness or well-being is an important aspect of positive psychology and is determined by several external factors, based on several of which, the World Happiness Report ranks the countries annually. India’s happiness ranking has consistently declined over the years compared to the neighboring countries. Methods: The present study considered relevant socio-demographic factors and assessed their association, if any, in subjective happiness using multiple linear regression analysis among the eastern Indian Bengali population. A total of 191 participants were recruited for the study and their subjective happiness scores were measured using a well validated Subjective Happiness Scale. Results: The result showed a significant association of 3 factors viz. individual’s ‘choice to stay or work in a group or alone’ (p ≤ 0.0001); ‘frequency of feeling sad in daily life (p ≤ 0.0001); and ‘personal relationship satisfaction’ (p ≤ 0.0001) with subjective happiness scores in both males and females. Eight other variables showed a gender-specific association with happiness (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: These three socio-demographic factors might thus be the key determinants in regulating subjective well-being in this section of the world population. This information might thus be helpful in future counselling of individuals suffering from distress or severe depression and keep their better mental health.

Recognizing and Appreciating the Partner's Support Protects Relationship Satisfaction during Cardiac Illness.

This study aimed to examine whether dyadic coping (DC) is associated with relationship satisfaction (RS) among couples facing cardiac diseases. Furthermore, the moderating role of both partners' anxiety and depression was tested. One hundred cardiac patients (81.5% men) and their partners (81.5% women) completed a self-report questionnaire during hospitalization. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) and moderation analyses were used to assess the above associations. Results showed that positive DC was significantly related to higher levels of RS, and negative DC was related to lower levels of RS. Furthermore, patient and partner psychological distress significantly moderated the link between DC and RS: patient-perceived positive DC was associated with higher partner RS when partner depression was high; partner-perceived positive DC was associated with higher patient RS when patient anxiety was low; patient-perceived negative DC has associated with lower patient RS when patient anxiety and depression were high. This study showed that positive DC is associated with a more satisfying relationship and identified under what conditions of cardiac-related distress this can happen. Furthermore, this study underlined the importance of examining DC in addition to the individual coping skills as a process pertaining to personal well-being and couple's outcomes.

Evaluation of Virtual Learning Environment using DELES questionnaire in Medical Students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: The environment governing learning is one of the most important influencing factors in education. The outbreak of corona virus (COVID-19) has led to a special attention to E-learning as an aid to break the chain of virus transmission. This study was conducted to determine the status of the learning environment of virtual education of medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) using DELES (The Distance Education Learning Environment Survey) questionnaire. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the academic year of 2022 at MUMS. Sampling was a multi-stage method. In this way, at first students in different educational levels (basic science, physiopathology, externship and internship) were considered. For gathering data DELES questionnaire was used. Then the link of the tool was shared in internet groups of medical students .Data were analyzed by T-test , ANOVA, Pearson correlation test through SPSS. In all tests p-value was less than or equal to 0.05. Results: A total of 202 medical students with an average age of 22.88±2.48 years were included in the study. The Mean response of participants studied the courses during the semester in the virtual environment was 49.78 ± 27.76 . The participants in the study reported the education situation to be relatively favorable, so that their satisfaction was more in the area of student independence (Relatively favorable) and less in the area of professors' support (poor). The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that the average satisfaction score of basic science students is significantly higher than that of externship and internship students (P<0.001, F=7.861). Also, the results of the T-Student test showed that there is no statistically significant difference between students in terms of gender and marital status, but non-native students were less satisfied than native students in terms of interactions between students and colleagues (P < 0.03). Conclusion: The attitude of the students towards distance education during the covid-19 epidemic in medical students of MUMS was relatively favorable or relative satisfaction. Therefore, in order to improving the situation of distance education, it is recommended to implement methods to increase the support of professors and improve their communication with students in the virtual education environment.