Related Resources Research Articles

Growing Employment And Managers In Australian Health Services: 2006-2021

Introduction: This research is a continuation of the authors past contributions on this important subject, that has included the first comprehensive analysis of the composition and characteristics of health service managers in Australia, in terms of their service, qualifications and other important attributes. Objectives: This article contains an analysis of the number and characteristics of health service managers in relation to health services provided in Australia in 2006 compared with that of 2021. Design: Design of the analyses follows specifications set by the authors for tabulations prepared by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from the censuses of population conducted by ABS in 2006 and 2021. The analysis of health service managers in terms of growth in numbers and change in their characteristics will be reviewed. Findings: A substantial increase was found in the number of health service managers in relation to the population and people employed. Also, there have been considerable changes in the characteristics and qualifications of health service managers during the 15-year period. The study also reported on the nature of the changes in hospitals and medical and other health services, and the surge in the number of managers in medical and other services, that in 2021 outnumbered those in hospitals. Implications: The findings are relevant to policy development aimed at improving the health status of the population. There were implications as well to the planning of health services, training of their labour force and related educational resources. An agenda is also put forward for additional research in view of its findings.

Unimart: OLX for College Students

Unimart is an innovative project designed to address the ever-growing demand among university students for an efficient and collaborative platform to exchange study materials and related academic resources. In today's digital age, students are constantly seeking ways to enhance their learning experiences and expand their educational horizons. Unimart steps in as the solution, providing a dynamic online marketplace where students can freely and securely share textbooks, lecture notes, research materials, and various academic essentials. This platform seeks to foster a sense of community among students by promoting the exchange of knowledge, making education more accessible, affordable, and sustainable. By offering a user-friendly and organized interface, Unimart empowers students to connect with peers from diverse academic backgrounds, facilitating a peer-to-peer ecosystem that fosters collaborative learning and resource sharing. As a catalyst for academic success and community building, Unimart is poised to revolutionize how university students interact with their academic surroundings. This project promises to empower students by promoting collaboration.

Business Group’s Performance: Market and Non-Market Measures in Pakistan

This study examines the influence of market and non-market strategies on the financial performance of firms affiliated with business groups. The study analyzed 136 non-financial firms affiliated with business groups, listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period 2010 to 2020. Market strategies focused on firm related resources diversification, financial constraints and internal capital generation rate. Whereas, non-market strategies focused on political connections and corporate social responsibility. Using fixed effect panel regression model, we found that for business-group firms, both market and non-market strategies significantly increase financial performance. Diversification, financial constraints and internal capital generation drive market success, while political connections and strong corporate social responsibility contribute through non-market measures. This suggested that business group affiliated firms should carefully choose a mix of market and non-market resources for optimal performance. This is also suggested that regulatory authorities shall introduce such policies that smoothen the business operations and encourage managers of affiliated firms to employ more combinations of market and non-market resources to get competitive advantage and promote responsible business practices within the groups.

An Observational Study on the Loss of Economy Due to Surgery Cancellation in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kashmir India and Suggestions for Improvement

The present study was conducted to identify and estimate cost borne by cancellation of elective surgeries in a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir India .The data of scheduled elective surgeries was collected. Inpatient medical records were reviewed for elective surgeries in 6 months starting from October 2023 to march 2024. During the course of study 3000 cases were scheduled to undergo impatient elective surgical procedures. Out of these 149 were cancelled. Among the cancelled cases 105 were cancelled during the preparation in the surgery wards and 44 were cancelled in operation room. The total cost of surgery cancellation was 58050 US$. Out of this 27804 US$. (48%) was related to bed expenses, 90685 US$. (17%) was related to physician visits and 203175 US$. (35%) for direct cost related resources and supplies

A Standard Framework for Evaluating Large Health Care Data and Related Resources.

MMWR supplement presents a standard framework for evaluating large health care data and related resources, including constructs, criteria, and tools that investigators and evaluators can apply and adapt.

Development and initial psychometric properties of the Research Complexity Index.

Research study complexity refers to variables that contribute to the difficulty of a clinical trial or study. This includes variables such as intervention type, design, sample, and data management. High complexity often requires more resources, advanced planning, and specialized expertise to execute studies effectively. However, there are limited instruments that scale study complexity across research designs. The purpose of this study was to develop and establish initial psychometric properties of an instrument that scales research study complexity. Technical and grammatical principles were followed to produce clear, concise items using language familiar to researchers. Items underwent face, content, and cognitive validity testing through quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Content validity indices were calculated, and iterative scale revision was performed. The instrument underwent pilot testing using 2 exemplar protocols, asking participants (n = 31) to score 25 items (e.g., study arms, data collection procedures). The instrument (Research Complexity Index) demonstrated face, content, and cognitive validity. Item mean and standard deviation ranged from 1.0 to 2.75 (Protocol 1) and 1.31 to 2.86 (Protocol 2). Corrected item-total correlations ranged from .030 to .618. Eight elements appear to be under correlated to other elements. Cronbach's alpha was 0.586 (Protocol 1) and 0.764 (Protocol 2). Inter-rater reliability was fair (kappa = 0.338). Initial pilot testing demonstrates face, content, and cognitive validity, moderate internal consistency reliability and fair inter-rater reliability. Further refinement of the instrument may increase reliability thus providing a comprehensive method to assess study complexity and related resource quantification (e.g., staffing requirements).

Investigating the indirect impact of transformational leadership on performance and work alienation: evidence from school principals navigating COVID-19

PurposeAlthough significant research has examined the concept of transformational leadership, few studies have explored the indirect impact of transformational leadership on individual and organizational outcomes within the context of crisis. Accordingly, this study aims to advance our understanding of the indirect impact of transformational leadership on school performance and principals' work alienation within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, this study contributes to this developing stream of literature by hypothesizing the indirect effect of two relational resources, namely employee trust and relational coordination, which mediate the relationship between transformational leadership, school performance and principals' work alienation.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws on a unique sample of 634 principals from Irish primary schools navigating the COVID-19 crisis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed using Mplus 8.3 to test the hypothesized model.FindingsMixed findings emerged concerning the mediating process of relational resources and their impact on transformational leadership, school performance and principals' work-alienation. In particular, support is found for the critical role of principals whose transformational leadership style can help increase school performance. However, evidence suggests that employee trust does not mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and principals' work alienation.Practical implicationsThis study provides several practical insights for education professionals, policymakers and HRM practitioners across each phase of the crisis management cycle. Firstly, regarding the pre-crisis stage, educational institutions should invest in targeted leadership development programs that prioritize relationship-building and effective communication among stakeholders. Second, during crises, the study emphasizes the role of relational resources in mediating the impact of leadership on school performance. Moreover, the study illustrates the importance of proactively cultivating strong connections with stakeholders, fostering timely, problem-solving-based communication. Finally, in the post-crisis phase, collaboration with government stakeholders is recommended to inform recovery policies.Originality/valueThis study makes several contributions to the literature on leadership and crisis management. First, this study adds new insights suggesting how principals as leaders influence school performance during crisis. Second, by adopting a relational perspective, this study suggests two types of relational resources (i.e. employee trust and relational coordination), as the mediators between transformational leadership, school performance and principals' work alienation. Third, this study moves the existing research on leadership during crisis forward by focusing on the functional effectiveness of leadership while focusing on the principals' work alienation during the pandemic.

CLKR: Conditional Logic and Knowledge Representation

CLKR (Conditional Logic and Knowledge Representation) is an online repository of conditional logic resources for knowledge representation and reasoning. The question which entailments should follow from a conditional knowledge base consisting of a set of conditionals “If A then usually B“ is central in logic-based AI. In order to support the practical side of this question, CLKR provides various collections of conditional knowledge bases and related resources. All knowledge bases available in CLKR can be processed directly with a corresponding reasoning system like InfOCF-Web. The sets of knowledge bases include examples as they are used in the literature for illustration, application knowledge bases from different domains, and systematically generated knowledge bases for evaluating implementations of nonmonotonic reasoning. A main emphasis of the current version of CLKR is on providing collections of knowledge bases in various normal forms that have been proposed for conditional knowledge bases, e.g., conditional normal form, antecedent normal form, and renaming normal form.

Abstract PO2-29-02: Towards Precision Medicine in Breast Imaging: A Novel Open Mammography Database with Tailor-Made 3D Image Retrieval for Artificial Intelligence and Teaching

Abstract Objectives: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasia and leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Low- and middle-income countries hold the worst survival rates mainly owing to a lack of access to appropriate diagnosis and treatment related resources. For proper early diagnosis, it is established that besides the physical structure itself (e.g., mammography units), there's a need for adequate interpretation of imaging and that might be a particularly major problem in low-income societies once there is a tendency of greater education setbacks. Mammography datasets can improve this resource-driven gap by enabling the development of artificial intelligence technologies (AI) which can make breast cancer diagnosis more accurate in a cost-effective and scalable way. We aim to create a new database of high quality digital mammography images suitable for AI development and education. Methods: Our mammography database was developed by means of retrospective selection of 100 exams performed by Hospital São Paulo - Federal University of São Paulo ranging from 2019 to 2023. The project is assumed to be safe, versatile, and usable, and required an extensive search for the appropriate tool. Ambra Health, an American company, has developed cloud-based software for medical image management and stood out as a viable alternative. Their platform meets international data security criteria, they also made the intended careful customization possible, in addition to the possibility of associating image and text attachments. The categories were created in accordance with the BI-RADS® descriptors, a wide range of clinical scenarios and additional materials available, and they served as the basis for the advanced search feature, which intuitively filters exams that meet the selected criteria simultaneously. The platform was integrated with an automatic anonymization system upon upload, ensuring data privacy. After submission, the exams are retained in a restricted area for anonymization verification, categorization, and attachment management, before being released to the end-user. So as to broaden geographic coverage, the descriptors were entered in American English, respecting the origin of the BI-RADS® lexicon, as for the website structure, automatic translation to the accessing browser standard language was selected. Results: Our website is active and available at http://mamografia.unifesp.br, with access granted upon a simple registration process. 941 mammography images from 100 anonymized cases, 62% of which include 3D images, can be filtered based on the combination of 113 clinical and imaging variables, as well as attachment availability. The language is adaptable to the user's native language, and categorized searches can be accessed directly from the browser or downloaded as customized datasets. Additionally, features such as saved searches or starred exams are also available. Conclusion: We have developed an online and free mammography database that is completely innovative by integrating various resources into a single platform. We provide high-resolution and 3D digital images that can be searched using an advanced search system. Moreover, we offer supplementary clinical information in various attachment formats, favoring a rich clinical correlation. In this way, we have achieved the ambivalence of our goal, which was to promote education and research. *"images speak louder than words" Database: https://mamografia.unifesp.br Tutorials: https://www.youtube.com/@Mamografiaunifesp e-mail: acesso@mamografia.unifesp.br password: acesso@mamografia12 (valid until dec/23) Citation Format: Natália Cordeiro, Gil Facina, Afonso Nazário, Vanessa Sanvido, Joaquim Araujo Neto, Morgana Silva, Simone Elias. Towards Precision Medicine in Breast Imaging: A Novel Open Mammography Database with Tailor-Made 3D Image Retrieval for Artificial Intelligence and Teaching [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-29-02.

Abstract PO3-23-02: Delays in breast cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based analysis

Abstract BACKGROUND: At various times during the COVID-19 pandemic, access to operating room resources were restricted in Ontario, Canada. This resulted in triaging of all non-urgent cases, including breast cancer (BC) surgery. Recent single institution studies have identified treatment delays during the immediate pandemic time period. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the pandemic on wait times for breast cancer surgery at a population level. METHODS: We identified patients with a BC diagnosis between January 1, 2018 and November 30, 2021 in Ontario, Canada. Three cohorts were defined based on the following time periods: pre-pandemic (baseline) (January 2018 to 14 March 2020), immediate pandemic (March 15, 2020 to June 13, 2020), and peri-pandemic (June 14, 2020 to November 30, 2021). Time to event analysis was conducted for time to a patient’s first BC surgery. A subgroup analysis was conducted for patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). RESULTS: The study cohort consisted of 36,639 patients with a new diagnosis of BC. Of them 30,862 patients underwent surgery (84.2%) within 18 months after diagnosis. The probability of BC patients undergoing surgery each month from their date of diagnosis was significantly lower (i.e. longer wait times) for patients diagnosed in the immediate and peri-pandemic period compared to patients diagnosed in the pre-pandemic period (log-rank P < 0.001). At eight weeks from date of diagnosis, the probability of having had surgery was 65.1% (95% CI: 64.5-65.8%) for patients diagnosed in the pre-pandemic period, 56.1% (95% CI: 53.6-58.6%) for immediate pandemic and 59.0% (95% CI: 58.2-59.8%) for peri-pandemic. Time for 80% of patients to have BC surgery was 5.4 months in the pre-pandemic, 5.9 months in the immediate pandemic, and 6.0 months in the peri-pandemic period. Among patients who received NAC (N=6,121; 16.7% of cohort), the probability of undergoing surgery in each month from the date of diagnosis was similar for patients diagnosed in the pre and peri-pandemic periods, but was higher (i.e. shorter wait time) for the cohort of patients diagnosed during the immediate pandemic time period (log-rank P < 0.001). At six months from date of diagnosis, the probability of surgery for patients who received NAC was 50.7% (95% CI: 48.9-52.5%), 61.6% (95% CI: 56.6-66.6%), and 50.9% (95% CI: 49.0-52.8%) for patients diagnosed in the pre-, immediate, and peri-pandemic periods respectively. Time for 80% NAC patients to have a surgery was 7.2 months in the immediate pandemic period, shorter than the 8.2 months in the pre-pandemic and 8.0 months in the peri-pandemic periods. CONCLUSIONS: In this large population-based study of BC patients in Ontario, we identified a delay in time to surgery in the immediate pandemic period that persisted into the peri-pandemic period. However, among patients receiving NAC there was a shorter wait time during the immediate pandemic and wait times for this group have returned to pre-pandemic levels. This is likely due to surgical prioritization of this group, despite pandemic related resource restrictions. Further research is needed to explore the regional variability and how use of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy interacted with surgical treatment timelines. Citation Format: Gary Ko, Amanda Roberts, Qing Li, Ning Liu, Toni Zhong, Eitan Amir, Anne Koch, Andrea Covelli, Vivianne Freitas, Emma Reel, Antoine Eskander, Tulin Cil. Delays in breast cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-23-02.

An Exploration of Common Dyadic Coping Strategies: A Perspective from Pakistani Couples Living with Chronic Conditions.

This qualitative study was conducted to explore the common dyadic coping (DC) efforts of married couples, with a chronically ill partner. The sample for the study consisted of twelve couples chosen from Gujrat, Pakistan. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with the help of aninterview guide and analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006). The following four major themes were emerged: "common problem-focused DC," "common emotion-focused DC," "common religious DC," and "combined pattern of intimate relationships." The findings indicated that partners are not preferring relational coping resources for problem- and emotion-focused DC. However, the majority of couples participate in religious DC process in a complementary way to cope with stressful situation in the result of chronic illness. The study also indicated various indigenous factors, for example, socioeconomic status, family culture, lack of physical resource, and religious standpoints contributing in the lack of connectivity and sexual intimacy. To conclude, the results revealed that future research is required to investigate the patient and partner's relationship in greater depth, focusing on above-mentioned contextual factors.

An ATP-binding cassette transporter, OsABCB24, is involved in female gametophyte development and early seed growth in rice.

Female gametogenesis has been rarely studied due to gametophyte lethality and the unavailability of related genetic resources. In this study, we identified a rice ATP-binding cassette transporter, OsABCB24, whose null function displayed a significantly reduced seed setting rate by as much as 94%-100% compared with that of the wild type (WT). The reciprocal cross of WT and mutant plants demonstrated that the female reproductive organs in mutants were functionally impaired. Confocal microscopy observations revealed that, although megasporogenesis remained unaffected in CRISPR/Cas9 osabcb24 mutants, the formation of female gametophytes was interrupted. Additionally, the structure of the syncytial nucleus was impaired during the initial stages of endosperm formation. Histochemical analysis showed that OsABCB24 was preferentially expressed at the conjunction of receptacle and ovary, spanning from the functional megaspore stage to the two-nucleate embryo sac stage. Further, OsABCB24 was identified as an endoplasmic reticulum membrane-localized protein. Notably, the overexpression of OsABCB24 triggered a 1.5- to 2-fold increase in grain production compared to the WT. Our findings showed that OsABCB24 plays a key role in both female gametophyte development and the early development of seeds.

DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLY (DfMA) – WHAT AFFECTS ITS ADOPTION IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS?

There is a consensus among industry leaders and scholars that the construction sector will lose its competitive advantages if its lethargy to adopt Industry 4.0 technologies continues. As a response, the construction industry has been advocating the more extensive use of the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) in projects. Research studies on this topic mainly reported technological advancement but rarely addressed the factors that lead to the development of positive organizational behavior towards the implementation of DfMA. A systematic literature review will be adopted to achieve the research aims. A total number of 18 behavioral traits were identified through the method, including client's interest, stakeholders support, availability of DfMA related resources, companies' capability, early involvement of all parties in design, development of DfMA-friendly procurement approach, the use of digital technology, government involvement, etc. The findings will shed light on DfMA adoption on behavioral aspects for global DfMA adoption in the construction industry.

DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLY (DfMA) – WHAT AFFECTS ITS ADOPTION IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS?

There is a consensus among industry leaders and scholars that the construction sector will lose its competitive advantages if its lethargy to adopt Industry 4.0 technologies continues. As a response, the construction industry has been advocating the more extensive use of the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) in projects. Research studies on this topic mainly reported technological advancement but rarely addressed the factors that lead to the development of positive organizational behavior towards the implementation of DfMA. A systematic literature review will be adopted to achieve the research aims. A total number of 18 behavioral traits were identified through the method, including client's interest, stakeholders support, availability of DfMA related resources, companies' capability, early involvement of all parties in design, development of DfMA-friendly procurement approach, the use of digital technology, government involvement, etc. The findings will shed light on DfMA adoption on behavioral aspects for global DfMA adoption in the construction industry.

The Intersection of Law and Space: Exploring Legal Geography

The field of legal geography serves as the focal point for an interdisciplinary assessment of the interplay between law and spatial ordering. This paper examines the ways in which legal systems shape and are shaped by the spatial environments in which they operate. Addressing the bidirectional influence, the research considers the impact of legal directives on urban configurations, environmental governance, and the allocation of spatial resources in relation to social equity. Key to this exploration are the regulatory mechanisms that govern property rights and land use, unveiling the spatial implications of legislative processes. Methodologically, the paper synthesizes theories from legal studies with geographic analysis to dissect the complexities of space as it relates to the law. This approach sharpens our comprehension of how lawful prescriptions are not mere theoretical constructs but hold material consequences in societal terrains. The work presented herein contributes to the understanding of law's tangible effects on the arrangement of urban settings, the stewardship of environmental resources, and the promotion of justice through equitable spatial access. Ultimately, the paper aims to elucidate the nuances of legal geography and advocate for a reconciled design of law and space that is sensitive to the demands of justice, inclusivity, and environmental sustainability, paving the way for legal and policy reforms that support a balance between legality and spatial equity.

Perceptions of Oral Health-Related Care for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review

Objective: This review aimed to seek insights into the challenges faced by caregivers and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) when performing and accessing oral care and their recommendations to overcome the matter. Methods: Six electronic databases were used to search for published English full articles using a standardised strategy and grouped using thematic analysis as findings to the study’s goal. Results: The initial screening found 46 relevant articles, but 21 were deemed eligible. Studies were mostly observational (18 crosssectional surveys and 3 case-controls), retrieving data from online or face-to-face surveys and insurance health info. The perceptions and potential solutions made by parents, teachers, doctors, and individuals with ASD were diverse but mostly consistent in most studies with a focus on issues of oral health as low priority, incompetency in oral health care performance at home, children’s cooperation and involuntary behaviours in dental settings, and constraints in related resources. Conclusion: Carers’ lack of awareness and prioritisation of treatment for children with ASD, challenges in performing oral care at home, concerns over oral health care provided by caregivers in educational institutions and dental clinics, and challenges in accessing more supportive oral health care services were highlighted as barriers to oral care.

The Health Management Information System and HIV and AIDS monitoring: Insights from Ethiopia

Background: A well-performing health information system (HIS) provides timely, complete, accurate and easily retrievable data. However, HIS in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Ethiopia, is highly complex and influenced by pressures from donors, politics and technical factors. Hence, these countries experience persistent challenges in producing quality data and difficulties using health management information system (HMIS) data from their HISs.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate how HMIS was perceived and utilised in HIV and AIDS monitoring in Ethiopia, and views regarding the influence of determinants on the use of HMIS.Method: A qualitative evaluative case study using focus group discussions with data producers and users was conducted in selected health facility in Addis Ababa. A purposive critical case sampling was used to recruit participants.Results: Key findings revealed that HIV and AIDS-specific indicators, information and communication technology (ICT) and other related resources were critical barriers to the successful use of the HMIS. Participants believed these technical issues impacted the quality of data adversely and, subsequently, the conversion of that data to information and using it to monitor the HIV and AIDS programme’s performance.Conclusion: Technical factors affected all strategic decisions taken by the organisation. The health facilities did not process information as expected. However, staff performed the HMIS tasks with the tools available as they tried to make sense of data.Contribution: This study contributed to the body of knowledge by identifying the technical factors on data quality and use of HMIS for HIV and AIDS monitoring.

Exploring the Interplay of Intergenerational Transmission, Structural Inequalities, and Relative Resources in Domestic Violence: Evidence From a Nationally Representative Dataset.

Domestic violence persists as a significant social challenge affecting a considerable number of women globally. Some scholars have ascribed the inclination toward domestic violence to a "cycle of violence" spanning generations, while others have pointed out structural inequalities. Feminist researchers contend that a comprehensive understanding necessitates exploration within the social and institutional realms of gender inequality. While each of these perspectives contributes significantly to comprehending domestic violence, individually, they might not unveil the complete causal narrative. This study endeavors to address this gap by proposing an integrated model to elucidate domestic violence in the context of Türkiye, examining (a) the correlation between growing up in a violent household and the susceptibility to domestic violence, (b) the interrelation between structural factors and the vulnerability to domestic violence, and (c) the connection between a woman's advantageous position in terms of the couple's relative resources and the likelihood of experiencing domestic violence. To achieve this objective, multivariate micro-level analyses were conducted using nationally representative data from the 2014 Research on Domestic Violence Against Women in Türkiye. The outcomes affirm the significance of all three approaches, highlighting the value of integrated methodologies for a more profound comprehension of the etiology of domestic violence. This insight is crucial for the development of effective prevention programs. Furthermore, the findings highlight intra-parental violence exposure as the most robust risk factor or predictor for subsequent involvement in violent intimate relationships. As the initial study in Türkiye encompasses early-life experiences, structural inequalities, and the relative resources of couples, this research is poised to contribute significantly to the existing body of literature on domestic violence.

The effects of relational human resource management: A moderated mediation model of positive affective climate and collective occupational calling

AbstractRelationship‐oriented human resource management (HRM) contributes to organizational functioning by promoting employee relationships, coordination, and cooperation. We propose unit‐level positive affective climate as a motivational mechanism through which relationship‐oriented HR systems can positively influence unit service quality and relationships with beneficiaries, and prevent individual emotional exhaustion. Moreover, we propose collective occupational calling serves as an alternative motivational source that can substitute for the positive effects of positive affective climate. In analyzing a sample composed of 742 nurses from 48 nursing units of two hospitals in China with data collection at three time points before and after the COVID‐19 outbreak, our results supported the substituting effects of unit‐level collective occupational calling on positive affective climate stemmed from relationship‐oriented HR systems. Our study connects strategic HRM and motivation research by shedding light on an affective mechanism from relationship‐oriented HR systems and the contingencies involving employees' various sources of motivation, such as occupational calling. We further discuss theoretical and practical implications of the research.

Caproicibacter sp. BJN0012, a potential new species isolated from cellar mud for caproic acid production from glucose

Acids play a crucial role in enhancing the flavor of strong-aroma Baijiu, and among them, caproic acid holds significant importance in determining the flavor of the final product. However, the metabolic synthesis of caproic acid during the production process of Baijiu has received limited attention, resulting in fluctuations in caproic acid content among fermentation batches and generating production instability. Acid-producing bacteria found in the cellar mud are the primary microorganisms responsible for caproic acid synthesis, but there is a lack of research on the related microbial resources and their metabolic properties. Therefore, it is essential to identify and investigate these acid-producing microorganisms from cellar mud to ensure stable caproic acid synthesis. In this study, a unique strain was isolated from the cellar mud, exhibiting a 98.12 % similarity in its 16 S rRNA sequence and an average nucleotide identity of 79.57 % with the reference specie, together with the DNA-DNA hybridization of 23.20 % similarity, confirming the distinct species boundaries. The strain was able to produce 1.22 ± 0.55 g/L caproic acid from glucose. Through genome sequencing, annotation, and bioinformatics analysis, the complete pathway of caproic acid synthesis from glucose was elucidated, and the catalytic mechanism of the key thiolase for caproic acid synthesis was investigated. These findings provide useful fundamental data for revealing the metabolic properties of caproic acid-producing bacteria found in cellar mud.