Relation Of Domination Research Articles

Till Death Do Us Part

The so-called Kulturkampf, the conflict between the German Reich and the Catholic Church in the 1870s and 1880s, is one of the most important ideological conflicts of the late nineteenth century and reveals a political theological dynamic characteristic of the modern (German) nation state. This paper analyzes the paradoxes of this conflict along the lines with Eric Santner’s analysis of political representations. During the Kulturkampf, Catholic citizens were publicly suspected of not being loyal Germans, and the Catholic Church is widely figured as an (inner) enemy in the liberal press and in modern caricatures. In these polemics, numerous political theological figures emerge: images of a gendered relation of domination of the (female) church by the (male) state, phantasies of the body politic and its precarious unity as well as of its purification respectively of the extermination of its others that continue to determine other ideological conflicts in the twentieth century.

Domination and Freedom: Quality, not Quantity

Does domination make us unfree? Republicans argue that it does. Thus, they contend that the liberal conception of freedom is inadequate as it is not (wholly) able to account for domination. I provide a new approach to this controversy. The liberal conception of freedom has the potential to account for domination, but we must adjust the scope of our analysis: claims about domination are best understood not as claims about quantities of liberal freedom, but as claims about the value of liberal freedom. Even if the master is benevolent and indeed does not interfere much with the slave’s choices and actions, the relation of domination affects the quality of the slave’s liberal freedom. To argue for this point, I provide a taxonomy of the value of freedom and then, on this basis, point to several ways in which freedom under domination lacks value.

Political realism and the quest for political progress

Political realism and the quest for political progress

Constructing Environmental Compliance: Law, Science, and Endangered Species Conservation in California’s Delta

This study extends theories of the construction of legal compliance by conceptualizing scientists as compliance professionals in relation to environmental law. The author argues that visions of nature immanent in scientific and legal fields can serve as the basis for various environmental compliance relations. The approach is developed via a historical and ethnographic case study of the delta smelt, a controversial and intensely studied endangered species. Three compliance relations became dominant at distinct junctures in the case. First is aligned visions, a relation of coordination in a constructed space of compatibility. Second is judicial subordination, a relation of domination, with scientists acting as legal underlaborers. Third is contested visions, a relation of conflict, in which scientists agonistically push against the limits of the law. The author theorizes their succession as a compliance process of boundary object construction and breakdown. The analysis aims to bring environmental law squarely within the jurisdiction of law and society.

Foucault’s Dismissal of Ideology: A Critique

Foucault dismisses ideology as an object of investigation in understanding power relations for three important reasons bearing on his rejection of true-false distinction, dismissal of reference to subject and trivialization of ideology. This paper argues against Foucault's claim and shows that investigation of ideology constitutes an important task in understanding relation of domination—which is substantiated by demonstrating firstly that the true-false distinction is not only ontologically real but also morally warranted; and secondly that ideology is not merely a passive effect of infrastructure of an oppressive social system but is in reciprocal relation with it and therefore plays an indispensably important role in maintaining the system in general and the present-day capitalism in particular.

Notes on not knowing: male ignorance after #MeToo

The essential premise of #MeToo is that, while large numbers of women are subject to sexual harassment and assault, this reality is not known to or understood by unnamed others. This article interrogates the subject of non-knowing that #MeToo points to but does not name, asking: who exactly does not know, and why? These questions provide the starting point to elaborate the concept of male ignorance. While this lexicon has been fleetingly deployed in canonical feminist works – where it denotes something so obvious that it does not require explanation, functioning instead as a kind of feminist common sense – I develop it here so it might be put to greater use as a dedicated analytic. The work of Charles Mills, particularly his writings on white ignorance, provides a critical precedent in this regard. Following Mills in foregrounding the ideological operations of not knowing, I conceive male ignorance as a structure of concerted if unconscious epistemic occlusion which both stems from and serves to protect male privilege. As such, it plays a crucial role in securing the overall relation of domination and oppression within which gendered lives are lived. While male ignorance is itself multiple and has a variety of stakeholders, I argue that the non-knowing that surrounds sexual harassment and assault – which #MeToo draws attention to and seeks to undo – constitutes a paradigmatic manifestation, one in which cisgender heterosexual men have a particular stake.

Hayvan ile İnsan Arasındaki "Başka"lık Açısından Bilge Karasu nun "Korkusuz Kirpiye Övgü" ve "Bizim Denizimiz" Öyküleri

Throughout the history of philosophical thinking, human centred thoughts are based on the approaches to nature and the living other than human. However, “human” could only express itself via the difference between animal and human. Over time, human centred approaches have been replaced by new studies about animal’s being the “other” with the concept of identity. “Being animal” has been a philosophical problem and it has attracted more attention in literary texts. In his studies on the question of animal, Derrida emphasises the concept of logocentrism and impression of animal’s lack of word and mind in a position of “the other.” Jakob von Uexkull’s idea of multiple worlds in which the perceptions of time, place and world are shaped in the senses of each living creature is grounded with the thoughts of Derrida, Heidegger and Agamben. In his works, Bilge Karasu has handled the visibility junctions between human and animal and the situation of being the “other” and made them parts of his poetics. Karasu, has questioned the identity of animal, its position as the “other/different” and answered many humanly questions via this otherness. He wishes to determine the ways of maintaining his approach to nature and animal in not a human centred way by clearing of every relation of domination. In this study, based on the two short stories of Karasu, the author’s approach to the criticism of logocentrism; and his demand of absolute equality among the living will be studied.

The fantasy of healthy food: desire and anxiety in healthy food guide magazine

ABSTRACT Healthy Food Guide (HFG) has been a hugely successful magazine, both dominating the health magazine market and becoming deeply imbedded within the public health discourse, sanctioned and legitimated through a range of State apparatuses. Central to this has been an ability to differentiate itself from ‘restrictive diet programs’ and other forms of ‘misleading’ health advice, which they claim, unlike their magazine, are ungrounded in the latest scientific evidence. Through a qualitative analysis of the lead article in every issue of HFG from 2005 to 2017, we question its endorsement by New Zealand public health agencies, arguing that it acquires revenue through the intensification of health anxiety within its target readership. It does this through constructing its ideal reader as a health entrepreneur within the discourse of new public health, able to collect the right information to make the appropriate consumer choices, within a risk-saturated marketplace. A key contribution of this article is bringing a Lacanian psychoanalytic theory to the broad area of public health, which has been so far under-applied. By linking Lacanian theory to the health entrepreneur, we developed that concept by foregrounding the roles of desire and anxiety in healthism discourse. We argue that the consumer of HFG is bound to its libidinal economy in a relation of domination, whereby they are given the task of allaying anxiety through the collection of data on their bodies, information which only produces more anxiety.

Relation of domination and control arose as an effect of decisive influence on the activity of the capital company and ofshareholders' agreements

Relation of domination and control arose as an effect of decisive influence on the activity of the capital company and ofshareholders' agreements

Reshaping boundaries: Family politics and GLBTQ resistance in urban Vietnam

Although Vietnamese society is currently undergoing significant changes with regards to the rights and perceptions of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer (GLBTQ) people, dominant socio-cultural norms related to gender, sexuality, and the importance of the patrilineal family regime continue to cast a shadow over the lives of GLBTQ in contemporary Vietnam. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the urban centers of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, as well as legal documents and secondary sources, this article illustrates how dominant heteronormative socio-cultural norms have contributed to the political, legal, and social exclusion of same-sex sexualities through a process of outlawing, whereby GLBTQ have been systematically excluded from the rights of law. Drawing on qualitative interviews with gay men and lesbian women between the ages of 20 and 50, the article also highlights how this relation of domination has allowed for instances of GLBTQ resistance, through subversive opposition, strategies of avoidance, and the seeking out of new opportunities in urban spaces outside the dominant sociality. The article thus provides a qualitatively nuanced account of family politics and GLBTQ resistance in urban Vietnam at a significant socio-political historical juncture.

TRANSEXUAL “WOMANHOOD” AND THE EMERGENCE OF TRANSFEMINISM: RHETORICS OF HIV/AIDS IN THE LIGHT OF THE QUEER THEORY

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the female transsexual identity and the emergence of transfeminism through the context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS in light of the Queer Theory. Method: a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study based on the Queer Theory, carried out in a reference hospital for HIV/AIDS in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil), developed with six young transsexual women. The interviews were analyzed in the IRaMuTeQ software via the similarity analysis method. Results: the relation of male domination through the subordination of the transsexual woman, which originates in the binary, sexist and male chauvinistic heteronormative model, is emphasized. The context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS is evidenced as a naturalized phenomenon of violence to the young "queer" woman, especially with precarious living conditions, history of family rejection, sexual violence and informal prostitution work. Lack of support from the social network and the imminent risk of transphobic violence result in damage to their physical and mental integrity. The following categories were observed: Emergence of transfeminism through symbolic violence and female transsexual identity and the context of vulnerability. Conclusion: the social impacts of the minimal state policy, social class cohesion (binarism, sexism, racism and male chauvinism), unequal social capital and culture of abjection of transsexual women reflect the context of the HIV / AIDS epidemic and inequalities that result in individual, contextual and programmatic vulnerability and in factors which limit the attainment of a healthy life.

A dominação masculina e a divisão sexual do trabalho: perpetuação da violência simbólica em face da mulher brasileira nos espaços públicos

A pesquisa se pauta na apreciação crítica da posição da mulher no espaço social brasileiro, especialmente, no que se refere à divisão sexual do trabalho, marcada pela destinação prioritária dos homens à esfera produtiva, pública e decisória, e, as mulheres ao âmbito reprodutivo, privado, e de pouco valor social agregado. A tradicional divisão sexual do trabalho tem como princípios organizadores o da separação e da hierarquização, fenômeno “do teto de vidro”, que substanciam uma relação social sexual de dominação masculina. A perpetuação das relações assimétricas de poder entre os sexos são retratadas no conceito sociológico de violência simbólica desenvolvida por Pierre Félix Boudieu. Desde o início da industrialização brasileira, as mulheres têm desempenhado significativo papel no desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país, que historicamente restou esquecido no imaginário social. Nessa linha, ainda que haja um progresso na desconstrução da divisão binária sexista do trabalho no Brasil, apoiada em estudos de gêneros primados nas Teorias do Reconhecimento e da Redistribuição desenvolvida por Nancy Fraser, a mulher brasileira ainda ocupa pouco espaço nos cargos de alta chefia. Além disso, a bipolarização feminina descortina uma segregação interseccional na divisão sexual do trabalho entre as próprias mulheres. Assim, as politicas públicas podem ser um caminho na desinstitucionalização de padrões culturais tradicionais que refletem capilarmente nas estruturas sociais. A eficácia social dos princípios de igualdade e democracia perpassam pela promoção e proteção do direito fundamental à diferença. Para tanto, no presente estudo empregar-se-á o método dedutivo com metodologia bibliográfica-documental e na apreciação transdisciplinar do problema proposto.

Our Own Power to Act

I am not an anarchist, but I often get mistaken for one. That is probably because I advocate for a political position that insists that the State is necessarily a relation of domination. We should ...

The disturbing in everyday life: an analysis of the story «Hacia la alegre civilización de la capital» by Samanta Schweblin

This article attempts to understand how the disturbing effect is constructed in the story «Hacia la alegre civilización de la capital» through analysis of the techniques used by the Argentine writer Samanta Schweblin and to question how this story reveals manifestations of the fantastic in contemporary argentine literature. This is because the story, based in a recognizable everyday situation, takes place between a fantastic universe and a verisimilar, realist one, leading the reader to the disturbing perception that something unusual (which does not mean unreal) is happening in the story. To fully understand this scheme, is necessary to question how violence is configured in the story, especially the violence that determines the social relationship among the characters, suggesting a greater or lesser relation of domination and submission.

Animal Autonomy and Intermittent Coexistences: North Asian Modes of Herding

Leading anthropological theories characterize pastoralism as a relation of protective domination in which humans drive, protect, and feed their livestock and dispose of its life. On the basis of ethnographic fieldwork performed among six different husbandry systems throughout North Asia, we challenge this interpretation by showing that indigenous techniques tend to rely preferentially on animal autonomy and a herd’s capacity to feed and protect itself. In defining five modes of herding, in each of which the proportions of human and animal agencies differ, we explore the issue of the stability of the herder-livestock bond in a nomadic context with loose human intervention. Our argument is that the shared nomadic landscape is the common ground that enables a balance between animal autonomy and human-animal engagement in cooperative activities. We propose the notion of intermittent coexistence to describe the particular kind of human-animal relationship built and maintained in North Asian husbandry systems.

Why Love Kills: Power, Gender Dichotomy, and Romantic Femicide

This article conceptually investigates a type of gender murder, “romantic femicide.” I understand this as the extreme form of violence that occurs as a result of men's incapacity to cope with their (female) partners’ autonomy and power. The incapacity is not merely an individual pathology but is rather rooted in the dynamic of recognition characterizing love under structural conditions of gender dichotomy. After having sketched out the current discussion about femicide and its shortcomings, I argue for the hypothesis in three steps. First, I draw on a feminist theory of recognition in order to outline a nonviolent form of love. Lovers of this sort would depend on their partners and, at the same time, try to affirm their independence of them. Second, I show how such an interdependence bond would entail a dynamic of mutual empowerment. Third, I argue that love becomes a relation of domination as result of gender dichotomy. The dichotomization of two gender identities, “man” and “woman,” splits the interdependence bond in a way that allows only man's unilateral exercise of power and makes mutual empowerment impossible. Violence might be required for maintaining the dynamic of dominance; finally, romantic femicide may result from the unsustainability of such a structure.

Charlotte Marchina, Faire communauté. Étude anthropologique des relations entre les éleveurs et leurs animaux chez les peuples mongols (d’après l’exemple des Halh de Mongolie et des Bouriates d’Aga, Russie)

This thesis – based on numerous ethnographic surveys of the Halh Mongols and Aga Buryats (Russia), as well as written sources from Mongolian, Russian and Western languages − addresses nomadic pastoralism among the Mongols. By studying the way herders conceive and rely on the agency of their animals (i.e. horses, camels, cattle, sheep, goats, and dogs), it shows that animal husbandry, far from being reducible to a mere relation of domination, is a complex system consisting of multiple interactions between humans and animals who mutually adapt to each other to build community. Through an abundant cartography based on GPS records, analysis of the spatial features of cohabitation brings to light the importance of the triadic human-animal-environment relation which contributes to maintaining this association. This multispecies community engages means of communicating which mobilise the five senses and reveal the animals’ cognitive capacities. Herders build on these in situations of human-animal cooperation, in which the role played by the animals is differentiated depending on their individual characteristics. Despite the environmental, socio-economic and political differences between the Halh Mongolian and the Buryat (Russia) fields, this comparative perspective highlights elements of a Mongol continuum. The assemblages and delicate balances prevailing in these interspecific relations reveal the large autonomy of animals, which the herders expect to play an active role in pastoral tasks.

No Arranged Marriages Here: Migration and the Shift from Relations of Descent to Consent in the Lebanese Diaspora

ABSTRACTAlthough frequently debated in the media, few ethnographic studies have examined the dynamics between arranged and love marriages in immigrant communities in Australia. Drawing on Sollors’ theory of Consent over Descent and Bourdieu’s theory of Masculine Domination, this paper examines the cultural transformation brought about by second-generation daughters in Maronite, Lebanese immigrant families from Hadchit who increasingly choose their own spouse based on love and gender equality. This paper theorises women as subjects, not objects of marriage and asks: how does cultural identity change when women have greater agency in the negotiation of marriage? The study finds three dialectical processes of social change. First, the relation of male domination between the sexes has been destabilised. Second, although marriage contracts based upon female consent have led to a growing preference for exogamous love marriages over endogamous arranged marriages within the village, religious endogamy has remained significant. Last, the study finds an overall decline in village identification; ‘Lebanese-Australian’ has become the most common form of cultural identification.

A World Without Why

A World Without Why

Cultural Diversity and Educationally Backward: The Case of Mexican Indigenous Population

From a systematic review of scientific publications and diverse research materials, this article identifies and characterizes the elements that affect in educationally backward of the Mexican indigenous population, showing the current scene that supports and prolongs the above mentioned problematic. In this way, it was found that the Mexican indigenous population has remarkable disadvantages in contrast to the non-indigenous national population in what concerns the rate of educationally backward and his components: the poverty, the monolingualism, the discrimination, the bad quality in the indigenous education and the geographical distribution of the scholar centers. Consequently, each one of these elements constitutes a strong problematic, shaping and perpetuating the circle of indigenous educationally backward who is supported by a series of public policies that commit an outrage against the cultural diversity and evidence a model assimilationist of national education, demonstrating in real terms that Mexico is not a multicultural country because it doesn’t promote either the valuation or the knowledge of indigenous peoples, besides the existence of an evident relation of symbolic domination between the stakeholders of the Mexican indigenous population and those of the non-indigenous national population.