Relative Occupancy Research Articles

Identifying health related occupations of Twitter users through word embedding and deep neural networks

BackgroundTwitter is a popular social networking site where short messages or “tweets” of users have been used extensively for research purposes. However, not much research has been done in mining the medical professions, such as detecting the occupations of users from their biographical contents. Mining such professions can be used to build efficient recommender systems for cost-effective targeted advertisements. Moreover, it is highly important to develop effective methods to identify the occupation of users since conventional classification methods rely on features developed by human intelligence. Although, the result may be favorable for the classification problem. However, it is still extremely challenging for traditional classifiers to predict the medical occupations accurately since it involves predicting multiple occupations. Hence this study emphasizes predicting the medical occupational class of users through their public biographical (“Bio”) content. We have conducted our analysis by annotating the bio content of Twitter users. In this paper, we propose a method of combining word embedding with state-of-art neural network models that include: Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM, Gated Recurrent Unit, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers, and A lite BERT. Moreover, we have also observed that by composing the word embedding with the neural network models there is no need to construct any particular attribute or feature. By using word embedding, the bio contents are formatted as dense vectors which are fed as input into the neural network models as a sequence of vectors.ResultPerformance metrics that include accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score have shown a significant difference between our method of combining word embedding with neural network models than with the traditional methods. The scores have proved that our proposed approach has outperformed the traditional machine learning techniques for detecting medical occupations among users. ALBERT has performed the best among the deep learning networks with an F1 score of 0.90.ConclusionIn this study, we have presented a novel method of detecting the occupations of Twitter users engaged in the medical domain by merging word embedding with state-of-art neural networks. The outcomes of our approach have demonstrated that our method can further advance the process of analyzing corpora of social media without going through the trouble of developing computationally expensive features.

Crystal structure of chlorido-[diphen-yl(thio-phen-2-yl)phosphine-κP]gold(I).

The crystal structure of the title compound, [AuCl(C16H13PS)], is reported. The mol-ecular structure features a nearly linear arrangement of the chloride and phosphino ligands around the gold(I) center, with a P-Au-Cl bond angle of 179.42 (9)°. The Au-P and Au-Cl bond lengths are 2.226 (2) and 2.287 (2) Å, respectively. The geometry of the groups bonded to the phospho-rus atom of the ligand is a slightly distorted tetra-hedron. The phenyl and thienyl rings of the ligand are extensively disordered, with the thienyl refined over all three possible positions on the phospho-rus atom. The relative occupancy ratio between these positions was found to be 0.406 (3):0.406 (2):0.188 (2). One of the major thienyl ring positions with the relative occupancy of 0.406 was modeled as two rotational isomers around the C-P bond with a relative occupancy ratio of 0.278 (3):0.128 (3). Inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-actions present in the crystal lattice link mol-ecules of the title compound together to form a complex three-dimensional network.

Origin of the crossover from ferroelectric to relaxor in tetragonal tungsten bronzes

The polar behavior of tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) (SrxBa1−x)Nb2O6 (SBN) is known to vary from normal ferroelectric to relaxor when x > 0.5. However, the mechanism triggering this crossover is still unclear. We study the role of the relative occupancy of the available interstices (A1, A2) in the TTB structure and use the residual entropy calculation approach, and experimental x-ray diffraction and dielectric data obtained on SBN and Ca-doped SBN, to reveal the key parameters at play in the polar response. We show that once half of Sr occupies the A2 sites, the crossover takes place. Concomitantly, the residual entropy from the randomness of the cationic arrangement exhibits a high entropy with an energy higher than 12 J K−1 mole−1 when x > 0.5 corresponding to the relaxor behavior occurrence. These findings provide comprehensive and quantitative tools to understand and predict the emergence of the relaxor state in other TTBs and other crystalline structures.

Threading single proteins through pores to compare their energy landscapes

Translocation of proteins is correlated with structural fluctuations that access conformational states higher in free energy than the folded state. We use electric fields at the solid-state nanopore to control the relative free energy and occupancy of different protein conformational states at the single-molecule level. The change in occupancy of different protein conformations as a function of electric field gives rise to shifts in the measured distributions of ionic current blockades and residence times. We probe the statistics of the ionic current blockades and residence times for three mutants of the [Formula: see text]-repressor family in order to determine the number of accessible conformational states of each mutant and evaluate the ruggedness of their free energy landscapes. Translocation becomes faster at higher electric fields when additional flexible conformations are available for threading through the pore. At the same time, folding rates are not correlated with ease of translocation; a slow-folding mutant with a low-lying intermediate state translocates faster than a faster-folding two-state mutant. Such behavior allows us to distinguish among protein mutants by selecting for the degree of current blockade and residence time at the pore. Based on these findings, we present a simple free energy model that explains the complementary relationship between folding equilibrium constants and translocation rates.

Differences in COVID-19 vaccination coverage by occupation in England: a national linked data study

BackgroundMonitoring differences in COVID-19 vaccination uptake in different groups is crucial to help inform the policy response to the pandemic. A key data gap is the absence of data on...

An Assessment of Cultural Changes in Rural Society in Gopalganj District of Bangladesh

The study was undertaken to assess the extent and pattern of cultural change in Gopalganj district of Bangladesh. To this end, primary data were collected from the rural people from Gopalganj Sadar, Tungipara and Kotalipara upazila of Gopalganj district. A multistage sampling technique was used in selecting the respondent. Five-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the attitudes of the rural people towards cultural changes in the study area. Descriptive statistics, tabular as well as graphical techniques were used in analyzing the data. Result found from the descriptive statistics indicates that majority of the respondents were within the age group of 31-40 years whereas 21% respondents fall within the age category of 51-60 years. In regards to educational background, it is found that majority of the respondents completed their primary education and 17% respondents completed higher secondary education. Regarding the occupational status of the respondents, it is seen that 39% were involved with crop production whereas 16% were livestock farming. The empirical results show that 34% rural people strongly agree and 47% agree with the idea that there is a recreational change in rural society. In terms of the food habit changes, it is observed that 24% of the respondents strongly agree that the pattern of food habit has changed in rural society whereas 3% strongly disagree in this regard. Findings of the study show that 43% of the respondents agree that there is an occupational change in the rural society, and 11% were strongly agree with the statement. With respect to the changes in the communication pattern in rural society, the present study shows that 23% of the rural people agree and 59% strongly agree with the view that communication pattern has changed in the rural society. In the past, Jatra pala, radio and puthi path were the dominant source of recreation whereas facebook, you tube, mobile phone and colour television are found as the main source of recreation at present. In regards to the occupational pattern of the respondents, it is found that crop production and paid labour were the principal occupation of rural people in the past whereas at present mobile and servicing related business, computer and accessories related business, fast food business, poultry farming, internet outsourcing related occupation is found as dominant.

Occupational differences in COVID-19 hospital admission and mortality between women and men in Scotland: A population-based study using linked administrative data.

ObjectivesWe aim to estimate occupational differences in COVID-19 hospital admission and mortality by sex. Occupations vary with respect to environmental factors that influence exposure to COVID-19 such as ventilation, social contact and protective equipment. Variations between women and men may arise because they occupy different roles within an occupation or from behavioural differences. ApproachWe established an innovative linked data collection combining individual-level data from 2011 Census with health administrative records and household identifiers from Ordnance Survey’s Unique Property Reference Number (UPRN). Using data for a cohort of approximately 1.7 million Scottish adults aged 40 to 64 years, we analysed occupational differences in COVID-19 hospital admission and mortality, during the period between 1 March 2020 and 31 January 2021. We estimated age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) for COVID-19 hospital admission and death per 100,000 adults, stratified by sex and occupation. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated COVID-19 hospital admission and death risks, adjusting for socio-economic and pre-pandemic health factors. ResultsGenerally, women had lower ASIRs for COVID-19 hospital admission and mortality compared to men. For COVID-19 mortality, ASIRs were highest among women employed in elementary trades and related occupations (e.g. packers/canners). For hospital admission, high rates were observed among women working in caring personal services (e.g. nursing assistants/ambulance staff). Among men, ASIRs were highest among those in elementary services occupations (kitchen assistants/waiters) and taxi drivers, who also had the highest admission rate. After adjusting for pre-pandemic health factors, we observed lower death risks for women employed as health professionals, and those in associate professional and technical occupations (medical technicians/paramedics), compared to the baseline model. Lower adjusted admission risks were also observed for both women and men in professional occupations (e.g. in science/engineering and teaching/education). Among men, adjusted death risks remained elevated for large vehicle and taxi drivers, who also displayed high admission risks. ConclusionOccupational differences in COVID-19 hospital admission and mortality between women and men may be explained by a mixture of social, workplace and behavioural factors. These need to be considered when designing intervention policies which aim to reduce infections in the workplace.

Protein Unfolding in Freeze Frames: Intermediate States are Revealed by Variable-Temperature Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry.

The gas phase is an idealized laboratory for the study of protein structure, from which it is possible to examine stable and transient forms of mass-selected ions in the absence of bulk solvent. With ion mobility–mass spectrometry (IM-MS) apparatus built to operate at both cryogenic and elevated temperatures, we have examined conformational transitions that occur to the monomeric proteins: ubiquitin, lysozyme, and α-synuclein as a function of temperature and in source activation. We rationalize the experimental observations with a temperature-dependent framework model and comparison to known conformers. Data from ubiquitin show unfolding transitions that proceed through diverse and highly elongated intermediate states, which converge to more compact structures. These findings contrast with data obtained from lysozyme—a protein where (un)-folding plasticity is restricted by four disulfide linkages, although this is alleviated in its reduced form. For structured proteins, collision activation of the protein ions in-source enables subsequent “freezing” or thermal annealing of unfolding intermediates, whereas disordered proteins restructure substantially at 250 K even without activation, indicating that cold denaturation can occur without solvent. These data are presented in the context of a toy model framework that describes the relative occupancy of the available conformational space.

Compromises between Occupational Aspirations and VET Occupations—a Contribution to the Reproduction of Social Inequalities?

Abstract Many school leavers cannot fulfil their occupational aspirations when entering vocational education and training (VET), and have to make compromises. This study asks what form these compromises take by examining multiple extrinsic occupational dimensions, and investigates differences by social background. Data for VET entrants from lower and intermediate school tracks from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS-SC4) are combined with occupation-specific data. The cluster analysis reveals four distinct patterns of compromise: 1) upward moves and 2) downward moves in multiple extrinsic attributes, 3) concessions in firm size and wage, and 4) concessions in regular working hours and status. Multinomial logistic regressions indicate that compromise formation is hardly socially stratified in terms of parental education and occupational position. Compared to natives, VET entrants from second-generation migrant families are more likely to move upward into relative better training occupations than occupations originally aspired to.

Spatial and Temporal Habitat Use by the Main Prey Species of Tigers in Two Protected Areas of Thailand’s Southern Western Forest Complex

Tigers (Panthera tigris) have disappeared from over 90% of their historical range, and extant populations face habitat loss, direct poaching, and prey depletion in otherwise suitable habitats. In Thailand, tiger numbers continue to decline due to prey depletion, yet a few strongholds remain. Recently, tigers have been detected in the Southern Western Forest Complex (sWEFCOM), following intensification of conservation efforts. However, there is still a lack of primary data on the status of tigers and their prey in the sWEFCOM. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted camera trapping surveys between 2019 and 2020 in Khuean Srinagarindra National Park (KSR) and Salakphra Wildlife Sanctuary (SLP). Located near a tiger source population in Thungyai Naresuan and Huai Kha Khaeng, these areas are potential areas for tiger recovery. In particular, our study assessed the status of prey, a prerequisite to the persistence and recovery of tigers. Based on relative abundance indices, time overlap and occupancy models, we analysed the effect of anthropogenic and ecological factors on the spatial and temporal habitat use of the main prey species. We highlight that anthropogenic factor impacted species-specific habitat relationships. Mainly, shifts in ungulate temporal and spatial habitat use was linked to human activities. These relationships, however, differed between the two protected areas. As tiger recovery depends on prey recovery, we suggest that increased conservation law enforcement and greater engagement with villages within and adjacent to protected areas are essential to minimising unsustainable resource use practices that currently affect prey.

Lack of Correlation between Landscape Geometry and Transition Rates.

Biological cells can exist in a variety of distinct phenotypes, determined by the steady-state solutions of genetic networks governing their cell fate. A popular way of representing these states relies on the creation of landscape related to the relative occupation of these states. It is often assumed that this landscape offers direct information regarding the state-to-state transition rates, suggesting that these are related to barrier heights separating landscape minima. Here, we study a toggle triad network exhibiting multistability and directly demonstrate the lack of any direct correlation between properties of the landscape and corresponding transition rates.

Consumption and Preferences for Wild and Domestic Meat in Indigenous Communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Wild animals have traditionally been the main sources of protein available, if not the only, to numerous indigenous populations worldwide. However, greater access to markets, reduced availability or access to wildlife, and policies in support of agricultural development, have shifted food habits toward domestic and industrial sources of protein. In this study, we evaluated consumption patterns and preferences/avoidances for wild animals (wildmeat, crustaceans, and fish) in comparison to domestic sources of protein among the Potiguara living on the Brazilian coast. Using data from 843 semi-structured interviews applied to students from 28 indigenous villages, we found that domestic meats were more consumed and preferred as compared to wild animals (aquatic and game animals), despite the high abundance of fish and crustacean resources in the surveyed area. Consumption and preference for game were higher among male students while avoidance was higher among female students. The avoidance of domestic meats and fish was low for both genders. The occupation of the fathers affected students’ food habits, in those nature-related occupations (farmer, fisherman/woman, sugarcane worker) conditioned greater consumption of wildmeat and fish, while non-nature related occupations lead to greater consumption of protein from domestic sources. The consumption of protein from all sources increased with the distance between villages and a protected area. Our results indicate that the younger generation of Potiguaras does not regularly consume wildmeat and fish and their preference for domestic sources of protein is shaped by the socio-environmental context, access to different types of meat, and taste preferences.

Smartphone-Integrated Label-Free Rapid Screening of Anemia from the Pattern Formed by One Drop of Blood on a Wet Paper Strip.

Screening of anemic patients poses demanding challenges in extreme point-of-care settings where the gold standard diagnostic technologies are not pragmatic and the alternative point-of-care technologies suffer from compromised accuracy, prohibitive cost, process complexity, or reagent stability issues. As a disruption to this paradigm, here, we report the development of a smartphone-based sensor for rapid screening of anemic patients by exploiting the patterns formed by a spreading drop of blood on a wet paper strip wherein blood attempts to displace a more viscous fluid, on the porous matrix of a paper, leading to "finger-like" projections at the interface. We analyze the topological features of the pattern via smartphone-enabled image analytics and map the same with the relative occupancy of the red blood cells in the blood sample, allowing for label-free screening and classification of blood samples corresponding to moderate to severe anemic conditions. The accuracy of detection is verified by comparing with gold standard reports of hematology analyzer, showing a strong correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.975. This technique is likely to provide a crucial decision-making tool that obviates delicate reagents and skilled technicians for supreme functionality in resource-limited settings.

COVID‐19 test positivity by occupation using the Delphi US COVID‐19 trends and impact survey, September–November 2020

BackgroundThe potential for work to be a risk factor for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) was recognized early in the pandemic based on the likelihood of work‐related differences in exposures to COVID‐19 in different occupations. Due to intense demands of the pandemic, implementation of recommendations to collect information on occupation in relation to COVID‐19 has been uneven across the United States. The objective of this study was to investigate COVID‐19 test positivity by occupation.MethodsWe analyzed data collected from September 8 to November 30, 2020, by the Delphi Group at Carnegie Mellon University US COVID‐19 Trends and Impact Survey, offered daily to a random sample of US‐based Facebook users aged 18 years or older, who were invited via a banner in their news feed. Our focus was ever testing positive for COVID‐19 in respondents working outside the home for pay in the past 4 weeks.ResultsThe major occupational groups of “Production", "Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance,” “Construction and extraction,” “Healthcare support,” and “Food preparation and serving” had the five highest test positivity percentages (16.7%–14.4%). Highest detailed occupational categories (28.6%–19.1%) were “Massage therapist,” “Food processing worker,” “Bailiff, correctional officer, or jailer,” “Funeral service worker,” “First‐line supervisor of production and operating workers,” and “Nursing assistant or psychiatric aide.” Differences in test positivity by occupation remained after adjustment for age, gender, and pre‐existing medical conditions.ConclusionInformation on differences in test positivity by occupation can aid targeting of messaging for vaccination and testing and mitigation strategies for the current and future respiratory infection epidemics and pandemics. These results, obtained before availability of COVID‐19 vaccines, can form a basis for comparison to evaluate impacts of vaccination and subsequent emergence of viral variants.

코로나19로 인한 항공승무원의 직무불안에 관한 현상학적 연구

The COVID-19 shock brought a great shock to the domestic and foreign aviation industries and job losses. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) predicts the loss of about 25 million jobs in aviation and related industries. Therefore, in this study, we understood their job insecurity experiences and identified the characteristics of related occupations through research questions about the unprecedented impact of COVID-19 on domestic LCC flight attendants. For the progress of the study, Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method was used to analyze the psychological meanings they experience in their daily lives and to grasp the essential meaning of human behavior. As a result of the study, the study participants were exposed to negative emotions such as embarrassment, and were suffering from economic pressure due to prolonged leave of absence. The desire to survive these emotions served as an opportunity to realize the benefits of leisure by doing hobbies such as exercise, hiking, and cooking, and contributed to self-reflection, stress relief, positive feelings for the organization, and gratitude for government support. These research results are meaningful in that they provided an opportunity to deeply examine the orientation points by generation and life cycle by limiting them to those in their 20s and 30s in Korea. Theoretical and policy implications are that the government's employment maintenance support policy provides implications for the ease of returning to work, providing job transition opportunities through self-reflection and educational opportunities, and maintaining employment.

Necrotic and Inflammatory Changes on Acute Studies of Siam Leaf (Chromolaena Odorata) Alcoholic Extract on Lead Induced Toxicity of Cardio-Pulmonary Morphology of Adult Albino Wistar Rats.

Human exposure to lead and its compounds occurs mostly in lead related occupations with various sources like leaded gasoline, industrial processes such as smelting of lead and its combustion, pottery, boat building, lead- based painting, lead containing pipes, battery recycling, grids, arm industry, pigments, printing of books, etc. Though its widespread use has discontinued in many countries of the world, it is still used in many industries like car repair, battery manufacturing and recycling, refining, smelting, etc. Lead is a highly poisonous metal affecting almost every organ in the body. Of all the organs, the nervous system is the mostly affected target in lead toxicity, both in children and adults. The toxicity in children is however of a greater impact than in adults. This is because their tissues, internal as well as external, are softer than in adults. Long-term exposure of adults can result in decreased performance in some tests of cognitive performance that measure functions of the nervous Cardio-pulmonary system. Cardio-pulmonary effects of alcoholic leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata, a plant commonly used for traditional medications, was evaluated using male Wistar albino rats. Acute and sub chronic toxicity was evaluated after 14 days of exposure. The LD50 was 2154mg/kg. Alcoholic leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata used in traditional and were not treated with any of the extracts. Group B were administered Lead intraperitoneally. Groups C were fed and administered intraperitoneally with Lead and treated with 800mg/Kg body weight of alcoholic extract respectively. Group D were also fed with food, water, dose of Lead and alcoholic Extract of C. Odorata with 400mg/kg body weight and Group E were given food, water and a high dose of the alcoholic Extract which was 800mg/kg body weight respectively. Both doses of extracts were administered daily to the rats using oro-gastric tube in line with body weights. The duration of this study was (21) twenty-one days after which the rats were sacrificed under sedation with chloroform. Organs were collected, fixed in 10% formal saline, processed, sectioned and stained using Haematoxylin and Eosin staining procedure at the Histopathology laboratory of Niger Delta Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), microscopically examined at X10 and X40 magnifications for histopathological diagnosis. Results showed degenerative changes in the heart and lungs of some of the experimental adult albino wistar rats.

Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years.

Background: Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus. Presently, the prevalence of sporotrichosis in the Americas is unknown, so this study aims to analyze the cases reported in the past 10 years. Methods: An advanced search was conducted from 2012 to 2022 in English and Spanish in PUBMED, SciELO, and Cochrane, with the terms: “sporotrichosis”, “lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis”, “fixed sporotrichosis”, “mycosis”, “Sporothrix spp.”, “Sporothrix complex”, “S. schenckii sensu stricto”, “S. schenckii sensu lato”, “S. globose”, “S. brasiliensis”, “S. luriei”. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus associated with “pathogenicity” or “epidemiology”. Results: A total of 124 articles were found in the Americas, corresponding to 12,568 patients. Of these, 87.38% of cases were reported in South America, 11.62% in North America, and 1.00% in Central America and the Caribbean. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent etiological agents were S. schenckii complex/Sporothrix spp. (52.91%), S. schenckii (42.38%), others (4.68%), and Not Determined (ND) (0.03%). The most frequent form of the disease was lymphocutaneous infection; however, the infection type was not determined in 5639 cases. Among the diagnostic methods, culture was the most used. Conclusions: There is a high occurrence of cases reported in the literature. South America is the region with the highest number of reports because of its environment (climate, inhalation of spores, etc.), zoonotic transmission (scratches and sneezes from contaminated animals), and possible traumatic inoculation due to outdoor activities (agriculture, gardening, and related occupations). Molecular diagnosis has not been sufficiently developed due to its high cost.

Primary pathways: elementary pupils’ aspiration to be engineers and STEM subject interest

ABSTRACT Across Europe, there is concern about the number and diversity of pupils taking study routes leading to Engineering. There is growing evidence that these career choices begin to form at elementary school age (Moote et al., 2020). Science, maths and design and technology are seen as subject choices necessary for pupils’ progression into science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) related occupations. Achievement in these subjects, identity, gender attitudes to the subjects, parents and informal activities may have an impact on these career choices. This mixed methods research draws on participants in the Children as Engineers project to investigate aspirations to a career in engineering and the links between these aspirations and attitudes to STEM subjects. It explores findings that suggest that there is little relationship between aspirations and positive attitudes to individual curriculum subjects. Pupils’ out-of-school activities and the links to aspirations in engineering are also researched and discussed. The article discusses the pupils’ rationales for these choices and the implications for intervention and informal engineering experiences that rely on a science and maths context for elementary school activities and for fostering interest in engineering.

Role of MUDRA in Promoting SMEs/MSE, MSMEs, and allied Agriculture Sector in the rural and urban area - To Achieve 5 Trillion Economy

Purpose: Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana(PMMY) will offer loans up to 10 lakh to Non- Corporate, Non-farm micro-enterprises to generate income and employment in manufacturing services, retail MSME, SMEs and Agriculture related occupations like beekeeping, horticulture, pisciculture, Poultry, agro-industries, diary, agriclinics, agribusiness, to add to the national wealth with the support of SIDBI, NABARD in providing working capital. The Economic Survey-2020-21 recently tabled in Parliament, has stated that about 54.6 % of the workforce in the country is still engaged in agricultural and allied sector activities(Census2011)as well as Micro, small and medium businesses (MSMEs) have played a major role in India’s economic expansion and Women Empowerment, More than 40 per cent of the nation’s GDP comes from the MSME sector, which is a major source of employment and in the Budge emphasizes MSME and agriculture allied activities. MUDRA act as a refinancing institution to Commercial banks, NBFCs, MFIs, RRBs, SFBs through Shishu, Kishor, Tarun schemes in credit outreach model of delivery is SHGs/JLGs, women entrepreneur and in agriculture allied sectors agripreneurship with development and promotion support to enhance employment opportunities in small and medium-sized enterprises /Micro Small Enterprises (SMEs/MSE) in non –farm activities to achieve US$5 trillion economies microfinance plays a vital role. Design/Methodology/approach: The Research paper is based on secondary statistics collected from different sources such as websites, and published articles. After the literature review and their area gap in the literature and prospect to analyze the role of MUDRA in promoting MSME, SMEs/MSE and Agri. allied sector's funding needs to create a 5 trillion Economy with an ABCD listing framework. Findings/Result: The study discloses that the MUDRA maximum limit for the Schemes is to be enhanced and more awareness is to be created about the MUDRA loan for Agri. allied activity, Agriclinics, and lack of clarity relating to the role in refinancing schemes for Banks by MUDRA, and NABARD to promote SHGs and Agri allied activity. Originality/Value: The Research study was undertaken on the contribution of MUDRA funding needs in terms of working capital to Agri. entrepreneurship in agricultural allied sector activities to enhance employment opportunities in rural and urban areas in India. Paper type: Conceptual Research.

Forecasting Charging Point Occupancy Using Supervised Learning Algorithms

The prediction of charging point occupancy enables electric vehicle users to better plan their charging processes and thus promotes the acceptance of electromobility. The study uses Adaptive Charging Network data to investigate a public and a workplace site for predicting individual charging station occupancy as well as overall site occupancy. Predicting individual charging point occupancy is formulated as a classification problem, while predicting total occupancy is formulated as a regression problem. The effects of different feature sets on the predictions are investigated, as well as whether a model trained on data of all charging points per site performs better than one trained on the data of a specific charging point. Reviewed studies so far, however, have failed to compare these two approaches to benchmarks, to use more than one algorithm, or to consider more than one site. Therefore, the following supervised machine-learning algorithms were applied for both tasks: linear and logistic regression, k-nearest neighbor, random forest, and XGBoost. Further, the model results are compared to three different naïve approaches which provide a robust benchmark, and the two training approaches were applied to two different sites. By adding features, the prediction quality can be increased considerably, which resulted in some models performing better than the naïve approaches. In general, models trained on data of all charging points of a site perform slightly better on median than models trained on individual charging points. In certain cases, however, individually trained models achieve the best results, while charging points with very low relative charging point occupancy can benefit from a model that has been trained on all data.