Relational Competence Research Articles

Sincere or motivated? Partisan bias in advice-taking

Abstract Political divisions have become a central feature of modern life. Here, we ask whether these divisions affect advice-taking from co- and counter-partisans in a nonpolitical context. In an incentivized task assessing the accuracy of nonpolitical news headlines, we find partisan bias in advice-taking: Democratic participants are less swayed by (accurate) information that comes from Republicans compared to the same information from Democrats (Republican participants display no such bias). We then adjudicate between two possible mechanisms for this biased advice-taking: a preference-based account, where participants are motivated to take less advice from counter-partisans because doing so is unpleasant; versus a belief-based account, where participants sincerely believe co-partisans are more competent at the task (even though this belief is incorrect). To do so, we examine the impact of a substantial increase in the stakes, which should increase accuracy motivations (and thereby reduce the relative impact of partisan motivations). We find that increasing the stakes does not reduce biased advice-taking, hence no evidence to support the bias is driven by preference. Consistent with the belief-based account, we find that Democratic participants (incorrectly) believe their co-partisans are better at the task, and this incorrect belief is much less severe among Republican participants. Further supporting the notion that the stated beliefs are sincere, raising the stakes of the belief elicitation of relative partisan competence does not affect the stated beliefs. Finally, participants—instead of ignoring the feedback—actually substantially update in favor of their counter-partisans given feedback that suggests counter-partisans are competent.

Determinants of e-business usage by travel agencies in developing countries: a decision tree approach

This study sought to investigate the determinants of post-adoption e-business usage (EBU) by Egyptian travel agencies. The study adopted an integrative model blending two theoretical perspectives; the diffusion of innovation theory and the technology-organisation-environment framework. Besides, the study used the decision tree (DT) method for data analysis and structured questionnaires to collect data from 320 agencies. The results revealed that only 37.4% of travel agencies are using e-business. Relative advantage was the most influential variable on EBU. Organisation size was the least influential variable. When interacting together, the most influential sets of variables on EBU were relative advantage, technological competence, and costs. The study provided important theoretical, managerial, and policy implications for researchers, managers, and decision-makers.

Capability of Monitoring Media Related Competences of the Public in Estonia

The study provides a systematic summary of the available knowledge concerning media related competences in Estonia. The goal was to focus on four information-related research questions: (i) What information about media competences is collected? (ii) How is this information analysed? (iii) What knowledge is created and published? (iv) Where are the main information and knowledge gaps? For this study, a four-dimensional model was created, which enabled us to get an overview of those aspects of media-related competences that gain either more or less attention (and money) in Estonia. Four types of information sources were used: academic articles, reports, the bibliographical database produced by the Mediadelcom project, and web pages (for EU and national policy documents).The results show that, in Estonia, political as well as academic attention is focused on digital competences, both theoretically and empirically. Estonia’s research interest and knowledge production is biased towards children and young people; but parents, and parenting, the influence of home is also put in focus of the empirical research. EU-financed projects influence the research agenda. The EU has initiated reports on media literacy initiatives in Estonia and therefore descriptive knowledge on various activities and projects as well as the agents behind these projects is accessible.

Preparing Global South Accountants to be 'Superstar' Communicators

This paper investigates how universities in the Philippines prepare accounting students for communication in global workplaces. As an emerging global leader in offshore accounting services, the Philippines is seeing a growing demand for communicatively competent accountants who can be deployed globally. This trend consequently places a greater onus on the higher education system to produce accounting graduates who can communicate effectively. This paper examines what constitutes “effective communication” in the context of two Manila-based, top-performing accounting schools. Using ethnographic data, I examine how communication is entextualized in curricular documents and how these notions are enacted in classroom interactions. Analysis of the situated constructions of communication shows tensions in ideologies about English and Filipino, which are differentially valued relative to accounting students’ global opportunity and national identity, their future work and present learning, and their specialized knowledge and relational competence. The findings open new possibilities for the communication training of future globalized accountants.

Relations among elementary school preservice teachers' teaching beliefs, student understanding competencies, teaching competencies, teacher development levels, and future teacher job competencies

본 연구는 초등 예비교사의 교직신념, 학생이해역량, 수업역량, 교사발달수준 및 미래교사직무역량 간 관계를 살펴보기 위해 수행되었다. 구조방정식을 통한 매개모형 검증 결과 첫째, 교직신념은 수업역량, 교사발달수준에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 학생이해역량도 수업역량, 교사발달수준에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수업역량은 교사발달수준에, 교사발달수준은 미래교사직무역량에 유의한 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 예비교사의 교직신념과 미래교사직무역량 간 관계에서 수업역량과 교사발달수준의 순차적 매개효과, 학생이해역량과 미래교사직무역량 간 관계에서 수업역량과 교사발달수준의 순차적 매개효과가 나타났다. 본 연구는 초등 예비교사의 개인내적 특성과 관련 역량 간 관계를 구조적으로 파악함으로써 미래직무역량 향상을 위한 방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 크다. 연구결과를 토대로 시사점과 제언이 제시되었다.This study was conducted to examine the relationship among teaching beliefs, student understanding competencies, teaching competencies, teacher developmental levels, and future teacher job competencies of elementary school preservice teachers. As a result of verifying the mediation model through the structural equation, first, it was found that teaching beliefs have a positive effect on teaching competency and teacher development level. In addition, it was found that student understanding competency also had a positive effect on teaching competency and teacher development level. Also, it was found that teaching competency had a significant positive effect on teacher development level, and teacher development level had a significant positive effect on future teacher job competency. Second, in the relationship between preservice teachers' teaching beliefs and future teaching competency, the sequential mediating effect of teaching competency and teacher development level was found. In addition, in the relationship between student understanding competency and future teacher job competency, there was a sequential mediating effect of teaching competency and teacher development level. The significance of this study is that it suggests a plan to improve future job competency by structurally identifying the relationship between the individual characteristics and related competencies of preservice elementary school teachers.

Factors Affecting Supply Chain Resiiliency- Its Impact Over Supply Chain Performance and Customer Value - A Case Study of Pharmaceutical Industry

The supply chain structure of the pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan was investigated in this research study. It was hypothesized that supply chain systems were failing because they lacked adequate architecture to handle the demands of the business environment in which they operate. Because of global sourcing and distribution, manufacturing has become more interdependent, dynamic, and unpredictable. Pharmaceutical supply chains have become more complicated as a result, increasing the number of parties involved and the degree of uncertainty that may be placed on the networks that deliver pharmaceutical goods. Only when it comes to timely delivery and the correct location at the right time is this sector truly relevant. A difficult and competitive business environment has resulted from this reality; pharmaceutical businesses are now looking for operational status that will help them improve their supply chain operations. The impact of SCR (Supply Chain Reliability) in Pakistan's pharmaceutical business is the focus of this article. It is the goal of this study to identify approaches and generate information about the degree of supply chain resilience and the determinants of relational competences of upstream and downstream supply chains, as well as the role of internal integration in making the pharmaceutical supply chain robust.

Key competencies of students with autism spectrum disorders: Perspectives of Chinese teachers and parents.

Well-defined key competencies for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) help develop curriculum and pedagogies that emphasize what students with ASD are expected to learn, to know and to do. Most of the current research on the key competencies of ASD is theoretical and based on the social and cultural backgrounds of western countries. The key competencies defined by most of the research lack of the support of empirical evidence. This study sought to identify the key competencies of school-age students with ASD from the perspectives of teachers and parents. Based on the review of existing key competencies frameworks, a key competencies instrument that consisted of 76 learning outcome items in eight domain areas was developed. An online survey to explore the teachers' and parents' views of the key competencies was conducted with 1,618 teachers and 2,430 parents of students with ASD across China. The results showed that teachers believed that the key competencies should consist of eight domain areas including social-communication, learning skills, healthy living, play, motor, emotion, sensory processing, and cognition, while the cognition related competencies were not recognized by parents. The competencies in social-communication, learning skills, healthy living had higher variance contribution. From the perspective of teachers, the variance contribution of social communication was the highest, while from the perspective of parents, the variance contribution of learning skills was the largest. Taken together, the key competencies framework for students with ASD should include eight dimensions and 75 learning outcome items. The similarities and differences between the perspectives of the two group were discussed. The findings could provide empirical data to assist in developing educational guidelines and guide the development of models of support for students with ASD.

Talent Management and Effectiveness of Recruitment Process: A Study of Higher Education Institutions in Central India

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the influence of talent management on effectiveness of recruitment process undertaken in higher education institutions in Central India. This paper has clarified the meaning of talent management and why is it crucial. It had explained factors which are important for its effective implementation. Theoretical framework: For this, teachers working in higher education institutions in Central India were selected and data was collected from the selected teachers with the help of a structured questionnaire. The study is based upon various literature review which has been presented in paper. Design: For the purpose of present study, a sample of 200 respondents working in different higher education institutions of the region was selected. Three dimensions of the talent management such as talent acquisition, talent development and succession planning were measured with the help of statements on five-point Likert scale. Similarly, effectiveness of recruitment process in higher education institutions was measured with the help of three statements. Findings highlighted that talent Management was found to be the strongest predictor of effectiveness of the recruitment process being followed in higher educational institutions; followed by talent acquisition and succession planning. Findings: Suggested that educational institutions need to follow a clear talent acquisition and management policy and focus on to acquire talented employees so that their recruitment process becomes effective. Moreover, educational institutions need to organize training programs for employees that would help employees to acquire job related competencies. The benefits of an effectively implemented talent management improves retention ratio. Practical implications: Higher education organizations if inclined towards talent management strategy must ensure that how they define it and it need to be aligned with goals of the organization.Top management need to define clear line accountability and take care of practices with relation to evidence based practices . Originality: This paper will be of value to all organizations seeking to understand Talent management with its impact on recruitment process.

Inside Looking Out

The original Association of Rehabilitation Nurses (ARN) Competency Model for Professional Rehabilitation Nursing published in 2016, and updated in 2020, provides a framework for rehabilitation nursing practice. This companion, but stand-alone, article to a 2022 publication further explicates and informs the updated Competency Model from inside looking out toward an increasing application for evidence-based practice (EBP). An eight-member 2020 ARN Task Force used an iterative process to review the original four domains and related competencies and came to consensus for the updated model. This model provides revised competency role descriptors or behaviors that guide nurses practicing at different proficiency levels in various settings. The Competency Model for Professional Rehabilitation Nursing is a premier resource that can advance professional rehabilitation nursing and guide EBP, including evaluation, quality improvement, and research. The model describes the nurse's role on the intra/interprofessional team and fosters collaboration with other healthcare professionals to enhance the quality of life for those affected by disability and chronic illness. The domains and associated competencies of this model clarify nursing roles at different proficiency levels, and role descriptors reflect current practice, supporting advancement of the specialty practice of rehabilitation nursing well into the 21st century.

Self-assessment the competencies of surgical and critical area nurses. A cross-sectional study.

This study aims to measure the competencies of surgical and critical area nurses, and to compare the nurses' involved competencies in relation to the area to which they belong Methods: A cross-sectional study. The study was based on a convenience sample. The registered nurses were recruited from a hospital of the Friuli Western Health Authority. The Italian version of the Nurse Competence Scale composed from 58 items and validated in Italy in 2018 as a self-assessment tool for nursing competencies in the surgical and critical area, was self-administrated in October- November 2020. The average competence level was found to be 68.7, with a median of 70 and a standard deviation of 19.7. The nurses felt more competent belongs to "Management of the care process", specifically in "Recognizing critical situations for the patient's life early" (82.0). Most deficient was found in "Raising problems to be deepened with research" (50.9). The study found that nurses perceive a good level of competence with differences related to care settings. The results obtained from the study can provide nurses with the opportunity to reflect on their behaviours and periodically evaluate their knowledge and competencies, to promote professional development and continuing education. (www.actabiomedica.it).

Starting Now: Implementing the Healthy Work Environment Standards Is More Important Than Ever

Starting Now: Implementing the Healthy Work Environment Standards Is More Important Than Ever

Undergraduate students' experiences of participating in a Danish respite programme for young carers-A mixed methods study.

Age-appropriate communication and interaction are essential when meeting young carers, requiring in-depth knowledge and experience. Volunteer programmes may enhance undergraduate students' competencies in this regard. This pilot study evaluated undergraduate students' perceptions of volunteering on the Buddies for Children and Youngsters (BCY) programme by assessing the extent to which students experienced an improvement in their relational and communication competencies and/or felt better equipped for their future work. The researchers conducted a mixed methods study with a parallel design, focussing on undergraduate students from the University College of Northern Denmark within the field of nursing, teaching, pedagogy, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy. The students participated in the programme for at least 4months. Forty-two students responded to a questionnaire, and 17 students were selected to participate in four focus groups. The results showed that participation in the programme improved the students' communication and relational competencies to some degree. The programme provided the students with experience of age-related communication on both informal and difficult topics, and of building relationships and solving relational challenges. Also, the programme generally equipped students for future work with young carers and children. In conclusion, the BCY programme is a relevant supplement to regular educational activities. Decision makers within politics of health, health planning and management, should therefore consider implementation of such programmes in relevant educational areas.

PENERAPAN PUTUSAN PTUN TERHADAP PEMBERHENTIAN PERANGKAT DESA DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014

State administrative courts are the courts that have the ability to hear cases that have the authority or competence, such as relative competence and absolute competence. These courts have the jurisdiction to hear matters that have the authority or competence. The ability of a court to hear a matter in accordance with the scope of its jurisdiction is referred to as its "relative competence." Absolute competence refers to the capacity of a court to render a verdict in a case on the basis of the object, material, or subject at issue in the litigation. In this way, the village will be one of the components of governance, which is just one of many facets of governance. The leader of the village is an important position in the administration of the community. A leader is someone who, in addition to carrying out his responsibilities as a leader, also supports and serves the community by carrying out the responsibilities that come with being the head of a village. This indicates that the leader of the city is obligated to steer the regional apparatus in a manner that is consistent with the mandate he was given. Because of its strong ties to the local community, the position of the village apparatus has emerged as one of the most important political issues of the day, and the response of the government has been met with a wide range of opinions and reactions. The village apparatus provides assistance to the village head so that he can fulfill his obligations and responsibilities to the community. If a village leader is found to have violated both government regulations and already established restrictions, then it is possible for him to be removed from his position as head of the community. Village officials who are fired by the village head without the approval of the village head should be protected by legislation. A dismissal of village officials that is carried out in a manner that is not in conformity with applicable laws and regulations may have legal implications in the form of social sanctions for officials who should not get it. This is because there is a lack of openness surrounding this subject

The Therapist's Intuition and Responsiveness: What Makes the Difference between Expert and in Training Gestalt Psychotherapists.

This study aims to investigate the presence of intuition and responsiveness in early students and in experienced students and psychotherapists, which is understood as the ability to integrate bodily sensitivity and cognition of what is experienced with the patient (aesthetic relational knowing-ARK). The study compares how the therapist's felt sense of the phenomenological intersubjective field and aesthetic relational competence differs between a group of experienced students and psychotherapists and a group of beginners. The sample consisted of 128 participants (20 M; 108 F), finally divided into two groups: "experienced students and psychotherapists" and "beginners". The Aesthetic Relational Knowledge Scale (ARKS), a questionnaire consisting of 58 items targeting three factors (empathy, body awareness, and resonance), was administered. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess (i) differences between the two groups (through Student's t and Cohen's d for effect sizes), (ii) the influence of the level of training for each ARK factor using analyses of covariance for testing the possible influence of demographic variables, and (iii) logistic regressions to compare the influence of the three factors of the ARK model on the group variable with groups as a categorical variable. Significant differences between the two groups were found in body awareness and resonance. Body awareness was found to be the variable best discriminating between the beginners and the experienced students and psychotherapists. Despite being non-significant, there is a tendency suggesting that empathy appears more relevant at the beginning of training. The study shows the importance of training for the development of the therapist's intuition and responsiveness, especially in the factors of body awareness and resonance. The results indicate the importance of assessing and supporting the aesthetic and field resonance of therapists in training, increasing quality and depth of the therapist's responsiveness. This study is limited by a correlational design using self-report and on a limited sample, but it shows that the ARKS can monitor the effectiveness of training related to Gestalt therapeutic competencies.

It’s time to talk about our relationships: Exploring the role of therapeutic alliance in speech and language therapy, with stuttering intervention as an exemplar

The value of the therapeutic alliance as an essential component of psychotherapy has been recognised for several decades. For example, research has shown that the therapeutic alliance contributes positively to treatment outcomes and client satisfaction. In contrast, knowledge about the role of therapeutic alliance in speech and language therapy (SLT) remains at an emerging level, due in part to the discipline’s primary focus on the development, use and scientific validation of specific intervention methods and techniques. This paper aims to increase speech and language therapists’ (SLTs) understanding and implementation of constructive therapeutic alliances in their work with individuals with communication needs. In particular, we focus on adults who stutter, to convey the importance of fostering these alliances in clinical practice. We begin with an exploration of the meaning of the therapeutic alliance and the range of person-related and contextual variables that influence its establishment and maintenance. We continue with a discussion on what SLTs can learn from the psychotherapeutic literature on therapeutic alliance. In addition, the gaps in our knowledge that remain in terms of the need for an SLT-specific and stakeholder-informed conceptualisation of the therapeutic alliance are discussed. Finally, we provide key recommendations for fostering a therapeutic alliance with adults who stutter in order to enhance the relational competence of SLTs working in clinical practice. It is imperative and timely that the discipline of SLT redirects its attention to the role of variables beyond specific treatment techniques that influence treatment outcomes. This will ensure the design and delivery of effective stuttering interventions, and enhance treatment outcomes for those who stutter.

Hubungan antara Gaya Humor dengan Persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap Efektivitas Mengajar Dosen dalam Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh

During COVID-19 pandemic, learning activities were carried out online at home using online media. According to the college student's point of view, distance learning is considered less effective and boring so that using humor in the teaching and learning process is considered to increase the teaching effectiveness of lecturers in the classroom. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between humor style and collage student’s perceptions of the teaching effectiveness of lecturers in distance learning. This research is quantitative research using non-probability sampling techniques, namely convenience sampling and snowball sampling. Participants in this study were 396 college students with age range of 18-25 years old. The measuring instrument used in this research were Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) from Martin et al. (2003) which has been adapted into Indonesian by Laia (2014) and Teaching Effectiveness Scale (TES) from Calaguas (2013). The results of this study indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between humor style on the self-enhancing humor dimension and teaching effectiveness in terms of the college student’s perceptions with a value of r = .287, p = .000 < .05. Other results show that the self-enhancing humor dimension has a positive and significant relationship with variables of teaching effectiveness on the dimensions of personality, subject matter expertise, relational competence with students, professional competence, teaching style, and classroom management style. This means, the higher the lecturer's self-enhancing humor, the higher teaching effectiveness of lecturer.

A systematic assessment of stress insomnia as the high-risk factor for cervical cancer and interplay of cervicovaginal microbiome.

Cervical cancer is a dreaded form of cancer in women, the fourth most common cancer, with around 0.3 million females suffering from this disease worldwide. Over the past several decades, global researches have focused on the mitigation of cervical lesions and cancers and have explored the impact of physiological and psychological stress and insomnia on cervical pathogenesis. Furthermore, disruption of the cervicovaginal microbiome profiles is identified as an added high-risk factor for the occurrence of cervical cancer. The physiological regulation of stress has an underlying mechanism controlled via hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) and sympatho-adrenal medullary (SAM) axes. Disruptions in these axes have been identified as the factors responsible for maintaining the homeostasis balance. Recent studies on microbiomes have offered novel ways to combat cervical cancer and cervix infection by exploring the interplay of the cervicovaginal microbiome. Moreover, the integration of various immune cells and microbiome diversity is known to act as an effective strategy to decipher the cervix biological activity. Cytokine profiling and the related immune competence, and physiological stress and insomnia impart to the regulatory networks underlying the mechanism which may be helpful in designing mitigation strategies. This review addressed the current progress in the research on cervical cancer, HPV infection, immune cell interaction, and physiological stress and insomnia with the cervicovaginal microbiome to decipher the disease occurrence and therapeutic management.

Mechanism of Managing Digital Ecosystem Development

When economic landscape is changing both ecosystems development and their effective management became very important. The author shows goals, objectives and principles necessary for effective functioning of the mechanism of managing ecosystem development and highlights the sum total of criteria providing digital ecosystem identification. The article underlines that managing ecosystem development can be possible only at the expense of coordinated efforts of macro- and micro-levels. The set of state regulatory tools includes antitrust measures, taxation system, steps aimed at protecting suppliers and customers, support of national ecosystems and suppliers, regulation of work with data and information, development of technological infrastructure and others. As for micro-economic tools the author underlines confidence-building inside the ecosystem, provision of mutual value creation, inter-branch focus, organizational structure, management system, organization culture, availability of relative competences in the ecosystem and flexible partner relations and integration based on API principles. In conclusion the author points out to the importance of developing digital ecosystems for all market participants and for national economy as a whole.

The boundaries between personal life and professional role: a proposal to apply some principles of the Structural Family Therapy by Salvador Minuchin to teachers

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to apply some principles of the Structural Family Therapy by Salvador Minuchin to teachers. Specifically, we considered the teacher as a system consisting of two communicating subsystems – one pertaining to personal characteristics and skills, and one pertaining to characteristics and skills related to the professional role – and we explored the boundaries between personal life and professional role, proposing the existence of three types of boundaries that are in line with the original classification by Minuchin: rigid, diffuse, and clear. Moreover, through a semi-structured interview, we conducted an initial empirical investigation about the perception and the representation of the boundaries between personal life and professional role in a sample of 9 kindergarten, primary, and middle school teachers (M professional experience = 16.33 years, SD = 9.60 years). The emerged results, even if limited in number, encouraged the development of further dimensional assessment strategies, as well as the development of training courses on teachers’ emotional and relational competence in which they can reflect on the importance of clear boundaries that allow an adaptive exchange of information between personal and professional areas.

Model of corporate social responsibility management in a quasi-public sector company of the republic of Kazakhstan

The authors substantiate the human factor in the management of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the quasi-public sector of the economy. The purpose of the study: to identify patterns between the quality of CSR management in a quasi-public sector company and the level of CSR managers competence. The development of CSR at the level of a single quasi-public sector company is a complex, ambiguous, but very relevant and in-demand task for the Kazakhstan Republic. In practice, CSR is implemented in the format of projects (programs, initiatives), the effectiveness of which depends on the external and internal environment factors. One of the most significant is the human factor, manifested in the competencies and involvement of personnel involved in CSR projects. However, the influence of the human factor on the effectiveness of CSR projects remains poorly understood. The present study is aimed at filling this gap. Therefore, the designated topic of work is relevant. The question of managers' competencies in relation to CSR (research gap) remains open. That is, the question of what competencies managers developing CSR should have is subject to elaboration. Research methodology: general scientific methods of cognition: comparison, analysis and synthesis. In the applied part of the work, the method of correlation analysis using computer data processing tools, as well as the method of expert assessments, was used. A model for assessing the quality of CSR management in the format of BSC-metrics for fulfilling CSR management tasks has been developed. An analysis of the competences of CSR management was carried out on the example of CSR projects of a company in the quasi-public sector. A correlation analysis was carried out between the degree of fulfillment of CSR management tasks and the average score for the sum of all significant competencies of CSR management. The value of the study is that a close direct correlation has been established between the degree of fulfillment of CSR management tasks and the competencies of responsible CSR management. This can be applied to solve applied problems of managing CSR projects. Keywords: quasi-public sector, corporate social responsibility, corporate social responsibility management, principles of corporate social responsibility, CSR manager, CSR manager competencies