Relapsed Lymphoma Research Articles

260 Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma relapse presentation and recognition

260 Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma relapse presentation and recognition

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in 49 Individuals Living With HIV (PLWH) and Affected by High-Risk or Relapsed Lymphoma: A European Experience of Continued Relevance for PLWH.

Previous reports have indicated that during the era of combination antiretroviral therapy, the major causes of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) were not solely linked to HIV-related opportunistic infections but also to cancers that were difficult to manage due to HIV-related immunodeficiency. We investigated whether PLWH who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for lymphomas experienced significant morbidity over the past thirty years following HIV infection. We conducted a retrospective follow-up study of 49 PLWH over a 10-year period following ASCT. We collected survival data, examined the occurrence of long-term events, assessed CD4 + T-cell immune recovery, and analysed the correlation between immune recovery and the events experienced by these patients. The data confirmed the significant long-term effectiveness of ASCT, with an overall survival rate of 78% at 10 years post-ASCT. Opportunistic infections, which occurred soon after ASCT and were associated with lower CD4 + T-cell counts, were successfully managed. However, lymphoma relapse, secondary malignancies, cardiovascular disease, and bone disease, which developed years after ASCT, were major causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. Our findings highlight the need for the development and validation of specific tests to predict risk and guide effective interventions for metabolic diseases, secondary malignancies, and lymphoma relapses in PLWH treated with ASCT for lymphoma.

CD19 CAR-T With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in R/R Large B-Cell Lymphoma With/Without Prior Autologous Stem Cell Transplant.

Anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy has been a breakthrough in treatment of primary refractory or relapsed large B-cell lymphoma (r/r LBCL) and is poised to supplant previous second line of high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT). However, in clinical practice, high risk patients with chemoimmunotherapy sensitive disease continue to receive salvage chemoimmunotherapy or cannot access CAR-T in a timely manner and thus may still proceed to HDT/ASCT. Little is known about clinical outcomes of CAR-T in patients who receive HDT/ASCT compared to those who are transplant-naïve. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with r/r LBCL who previously underwent HDT/ASCT or were transplant-naïve (n = 97) and received axicabtagene ciloleucel after at least 2 prior therapy lines between 1/1/2018 to 12/31/2021. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), nonrelapse mortality (NRM), and cumulative incidence of relapse/progression. 82 (84.5%) patients were transplant-naïve and 15 (15.5%) previously received HDT/ASCT. No differences were found in the incidence of high-grade cytokine release syndrome or immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, length of hospital admission, or incidence of cytopenia at day 30. 90-day response, PFS, OS, cumulative incidence of relapse/progression, and NRM were not different. Factors that adversely affected outcomes were prior bridging therapy, elevated LDH or thrombocytopenia at time of lymphodepleting chemotherapy, and worse ECOG performance status. Prior treatment with HDT/ASCT does not compromise the safety and efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy, suggesting a continued role for HDT/ASCT in treatment of select patients with r/r DLBCL.

Diabetes insipidus as presentation of hypothalamus and infundibulum involvement of mantle cell lymphoma relapse

Diabetes insipidus as presentation of hypothalamus and infundibulum involvement of mantle cell lymphoma relapse

Long-term remission following CAR-T therapy in a patient with transformed follicular lymphoma relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Long-term remission following CAR-T therapy in a patient with transformed follicular lymphoma relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Primary thyroid B-cell lymphoma: molecular insights into its clonal evolution and relapse.

Primary thyroid lymphomas comprise largely extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (EMZL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), followed by follicular lymphoma (FL). They commonly develop from a background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), where dysregulated immune responses trigger autoreactive infiltrates and drive clonal B-cell evolution. To understand how these lymphomas and their relapse evolve, we investigated 10 cases by mutation profiling, including five with metachronous lymphomas [primary lymphoma (EMZL = 4, DLBCL = 1) with local relapse (EMZL = 3, DLBCL = 2)], one composite EMZL and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive DLBCL, and four lymphomas (EMZL = 3, FL = 1) with prior or subsequent biopsy showing HT. In four cases with metachronous lymphomas, both common and distinct variants were seen in the paired lesions, indicating their divergent evolution from clonally related lymphoma precursor (CLP) cells. In the remaining case with metachronous lymphomas, the relapsed lesion was progressed from the initial lymphoma. In the case with composite lymphoma, the EBV-positive DLBCL was transformed from EMZL. Finally, in the four cases with paired lymphoma and HT biopsies, two showed shared mutations between the paired lesions, indicating involvement and divergent evolution from CLP cells. Thyroid lymphoma relapse may frequently develop via divergent evolution from a CLP cell, which is likely premalignant. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell Therapy in the Treatment of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): A Systematic Review.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown very promising results in the treatment of refractory or relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness and side effects of CAR T-cell therapies, focusing on factors affecting both clinical outcomes and adverse effects. This review included data from 14 studies involving 1392 patients with DLBCL who underwent CAR T-cell therapy. These studies include both randomized clinical trials and observational studies, which would help to analyze the effectiveness and safety profiles. The review highlights that CAR T-cell therapies, mainly tisagenlecleucel (Tisa-cel) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Axi-cel), have shown superior effectiveness in comparison to standard chemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. Lisocabtagene maraleucel (Liso-cel) showed significant improvement outcomes in event-free and progression-free survival. However, CAR T-cell therapies are associated with many side effects. The most common side effects include hematologic toxicity, prolonged neutropenia, and infections, while clinical outcomes are highly impacted by many factors, which include a pro-inflammatory state, PPM1D gene mutation, infusion timing, and circulating monocytes.

Optimizing Real-World Outcomes in High-Risk Relapsed/Refractory (r/r) DLBCL with CAR T Cell Therapy: A Vodcast and Case Example.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-celltherapy is effective in the treatment of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), even those with high-grade disease. However, it has a unique safety profile, including cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and robust management of these events are important to maximize benefits. The aim of this vodcast is to outline the management of a patient receiving CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory (r/r) DLBCL. In January 2005, the patient was diagnosed with atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and treated with two cycles of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide before stopping due to skin toxicity. In 2007, the patient progressed and received alemtuzumab. In January 2018, the patient was diagnosed with DLBCL (nongerminal center, stage IV-A, bone marrow infiltration); a clonality analysis with the previous CLL provided a negative result. In March 2018, the patient received first-line treatment with rituximab-cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisolone (R-CHOP)) for six cycles. At this point, a positron emission tomography (PET) scan showed complete remission. Unfortunately, in December 2018, they experienced a relapse and second-line therapy with rituximab, etoposide, cytarabine, cisplatin, and prednisone (R-ESHAP) was started. Following the second cycle of R-ESHAP in February 2019, the patient progressed, and third-line treatment was provided by rituximab plus ifosfamide, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, and prednisone (R-IGEV) for four cycles. The last cycle of R-IGEV was received in May 2019, but the patient progressed. In July 2019, the patient received a tisagenlecleucel infusion. The authors describe the effectiveness of the CAR T-cell therapy and how the adverse events (AEs) encountered, including CRS and ICANS, were managed. Results from real-world evidence studies of tisagenlecleucel in DLBCL are similar to those observed in the pivotal clinical trials. In conclusion, CAR T-cell therapy can be effective and achieve long-lasting, durable responses in patients with high-risk r/r DLBCL. However, long-term follow up is key to watch out for late AEs and potential lymphoma relapse.

A 1-year per-patient cost of therapy administration analysis of mosunetuzumab and tisagenlecleucel in relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma patients receiving two or more lines of systemic therapy.

A per-patient cost of therapy administration model was developed to estimate the cost of mosunetuzumab vs. tisagenlecleucel in patients with relapsing or refractory follicular lymphoma (R/R FL) receiving two or more lines of systemic therapy (3L+) from both the Italian hospital and societal perspectives. A per-patient total cost of therapy administration model was developed to compare the resource consumption of two treatments - mosunetuzumab and tisagenlecleucel. The model considered direct costs such as healthcare labor costs for drug preparation and administration, non-drug consumable costs, and drug purchase. Indirect costs such as patient and caregiver's loss of productivity, transportation, and relocation were also considered. The unit costs and resource use data were retrieved from literature and standard Italian tariffs. To appraise the impact of patients' residency on access-to-care and out-of-pocket expenses, three scenario analyses were conducted. Over 1 year, mosunetuzumab costs approximately one-fourth of tisagenlecleucel per patient. The base-case scenario showed a hospital cost reduction of €158,870 per patient with mosunetuzumab, increasing to €161,974 when including societal costs. Scenario analyses for the societal perspective estimated cost differences of -€161,170, -€166,507, and -€166,811 for scenarios A, B, and C, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that tisagenlecleucel's price had the greatest impact on cost differences, followed by mosunetuzumab's price. This analysis identifies mosunetuzumab as an accessible therapeutic option for 3L+ R/R FL patients in Italy. Future research should collect real-time data and evaluate long-term outcomes.

T-cell-based therapies for treating relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma.

While targeted therapies such as Bruton's tyrosine kinase and BCL2 inhibitors have fundamentally changed the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), not all patients respond to these therapies, and responses are finite and can be fleeting, especially with high-risk MCL. As patients progress through successive therapies, the clinical course is characterized by shortening response times,1 frequent disease acceleration, and limited survival outcomes. Recently, the sensitivity of MCL to novel immune-based therapies is being realized with favorable results, as chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells and bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies are being investigated and implemented into practice for patients. However, critical issues remain to understand the role of these agents in routine practice. In this review, we discuss the current landscape regarding these agents, examine our approach to incorporating them into practice, and consider unanswered questions that we must ultimately address to improve outcomes for patients.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПРЕПАРАТА ВЕНЕТОКЛАКС В ТЕРАПИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С РЕЦИДИВОМ ИЛИ РЕФРАКТЕРНЫМ ТЕЧЕНИЕМ В-КЛЕТОЧНЫХ ЛИМФОМ (ОПЫТ ГБУЗ ММНКЦ ИМ. С.П. БОТКИНА ДЗМ)

Patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) DLBCL, primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma and early relapse (up to 2 years) FL have a poor prognosis and short overall survival. Standard second-line chemotherapy for patients under 60-65 years old with r/r DLBCL includes intensive chemotherapy courses with platinum drugs and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). It is known that response to therapy is achieved only in half of patients against the background of standard chemotherapy. Addition of new targeted drugs can improve treatment outcomes. This paper presents the first results of adding Venetoclax to chemotherapy in patients with r/r aggressive B-cell lymphomas.

High-dose chemotherapy with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with isolated vitreoretinal lymphoma: a LOC network study.

Despite its indolent evolution, vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) has a poor prognosis due to a major risk of relapse in the central nervous system (CNS) and may necessitate aggressive therapy. However, the use of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (HCT-ASCT) is poorly documented. We retrospectively analysed from the French LOC network database the adult immunocompetent patients treated with HCT-ASCT for isolated VRL. Thirty-eight patients underwent consolidation with HCT-ASCT for isolated VRL between 2008 and 2019 after induction chemotherapy. Twenty patients had primary VRL, and 18 had an isolated VRL relapse of a primary CNS lymphoma. Three patients underwent HCT-ASCT in first-line treatment, 24 in second-line treatment, and 11 in subsequent lines. At HCT-ASCT, the median age was 61 years, and the median KPS was 90. Thirty-two patients (84%) received high-dose thiotepa-based HCT. One patient (3%) died from HCT-ASCT toxicity. Nineteen (50%) patients relapsed after HCT-ASCT, including 17 cases occurring in the brain. The median progression-free survival, brain-free survival and overall survival from HCT-ASCT were 96, 113 and 92 months, respectively. HCT-ASCT represents an effective therapeutic strategy for select VRL patients, with a tolerable safety profile. However, the risk of subsequent brain relapse remains significant.

BIOS-03. CLINICAL PRESENTATION, MANAGEMENT, AND OUTCOME IN NEUROLYMPHOMATOSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL PATIENT DATA FROM 459 CASES

Abstract BACKGROUND Neurolymphomatosis (NL) refers to lymphomatous infiltration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). NL diagnosis and treatment are challenging given the broad differential diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy, the lack of larger cohorts and the subsequent unavailability of prognostic factors or consensus therapy. This study aimed to define characteristics and prognostic factors of NL. METHODS A systematic review of the literature (2004-2023) was performed using PubMed and Scopus databases and reported following PRISMA guidelines. Clinical, radiological, pathological and outcome information were extracted. Multivariable survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS A total of 459 NL cases from 264 studies were accumulated. NL was the first manifestation of malignancy (primary NL) in 197 patients. PNS relapse of known non-Hodgkin lymphoma (secondary NL) occurred in 262 cases after a median 12 months. NL predominantly presented with rapidly deteriorating, asymmetric painful polyneuropathy. Infiltrated structures included peripheral nerves (56%), nerve roots (52%), plexus (33%) and cranial nerves (32%). Diagnosis was established at a median of 3 months after symptom onset with substantial delays in primary NL. It mainly relied on PNS biopsy or FDG-PET, which carried high diagnostic yields (> 90%). Post mortem diagnoses were rare (3%). Most cases were classified as B-cell (90%) lymphomas. Tumor-directed therapy was administered in 96% of patients and typically consisted of methotrexate or rituximab-based polychemotherapy. Median overall survival was 18 months. Primary NL without concurrent systemic disease outside the nervous system (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.78; p = 0.005), performance status (ECOG < 2, HR: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.18-0.52; p < 0.0001), and rituximab-based treatment (HR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.28-0.73; p = 0.001) were identified as favorable prognostic markers on multivariable analysis when adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Advances in neuroimaging modalities, particularly FDG-PET, facilitate NL diagnosis and offer a high diagnostic yield. Rituximab-based therapy improves NL outcome. Findings may assist clinicians in early recognition, prognostic stratification, and treatment of NL.

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Danish Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study.

Risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) undergoing contemporary treatment is unclear. cHL patients ≥ 18 years at diagnosis treated with doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy between 2000 and 2022 were matched 1:5 with comparators on birth year, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index at time of matching (score of 0 or ≥ 1). Cause-specific cumulative incidence of a composite of CVDs with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed with death and lymphoma relapse as competing events (i.e., by censoring individuals at such occurrences) using the Aalen-Johansen estimator. A total of 1905 patients and 9525 comparators with a median follow-up of 10 years (interquartile range, [IQR]: 5.9-17.4). Median age was 39 years (IQR: 27-56), median cumulative doxorubicin dose was 250 mg/m2 (IQR: 200-300). The CVD cumulative incidences were 4.7% (95% CI: 3.6-5.7) for patients versus 2.6% (95% CI: 2.3-2.9) for comparators at 5 years, 8.9% (95% CI: 7.2-10.5) versus 5.5% (95% CI: 4.9-6.0) at 10 years, and 17.0% (95% CI: 14.1-19.9) versus 8.2% (95% CI: 7.4-9.0) at 15 years. CVD remains a substantial effect after contemporary treatment for cHL, suggesting that awareness of symptoms and a low threshold for referral to diagnostic examination are still important measures during survivorship.

Pediatric B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: The Impact of Therapy Response and Relapse on Outcome. A Single-center Analysis.

Pediatric patients with primary refractory or relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) have highly unfavorable prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed outcomes in pediatric B-NHL patients treated in a single center in Poland from 1995 to 2022, with emphasis on therapy results in patients with progression or relapse. The primary objectives were a 5-year probability of overall survival (pOS) and a 5-year probability of event-free survival (pEFS). The secondary objectives involved the assessment of prognostic factors. A total of 76 children were eligible for the analysis. The 5-year pOS was 76.7%, and the 5-year pEFS was 72.9%. At diagnosis, elevated lactate dehydrogenase activity, the presence of B symptoms, bone marrow, skeletal or mediastinal involvement, and stage IV disease were associated with inferior outcomes. Nine children experienced progression and four relapse. The 5-year pOS for patients with progression was 38.1%. Two patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as part of salvage therapy survived. However, only one out of seven patients who were treated without HSCT survived. The 5-year pOS was 0.0% in patients with relapsed disease. The most significant factor related to outcomes in pediatric B-NHL is therapy response, with a high mortality rate in children with refractory disease and relapse. There is no consensus on the salvage therapy approach; however, HSCT appears to be the optimal choice.

Risk of cardiovascular disease in Hodgkin lymphoma patients

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are recognized as some of the most common and problematic late complications to the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). However, the anticipated risk is predominantly based on studies of patients treated several decades ago with treatment regimens considered outdated by todays standard. Purpose To describe the risk of cardiovascular disease in HL patients undergoing contemporary treatment regimens and comparing this risk to matched comparators. Methods A register-based cohort study including all Danish HL patients ≥18 years at diagnosis, treated with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy between 2000 and 2022. Index date was defined as date of HL diagnosis. Matching with comparators from the background population was performed in a 1:5 ratio on age, sex, and comorbidities. Patients and comparators with malignancy and/or heart disease prior to the index date were excluded. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of cardiovascular diseases: heart failure, ischemic heart disease, diseases of the aortic-, mitral-, and tricuspid valve, constrictive pericarditis, cardiomyopathies, atrial and ventricular arrythmias, or any invasive procedures related to these diagnoses. Follow-up began at index date and ended upon event, relapse, death, emigration, or end of follow-up (December 31, 2022), whichever occurred first. The cause-specific cumulative incidence of the primary outcome was computed with all-cause death and lymphoma relapse as competing events using the Aalen-Johansen estimator. Exploratory multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease among patients with HL. Risk factors were adjusted for sex, age, and comorbidities. Results A total of 1,917 HL patients and 9,585 matched comparators were included. Median age at diagnosis was 39 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 27-56), 57% were male, and median follow-up time was 10.2 years (IQR: 5.3-15.5). The majority of patients were treated with ABVD (83%) and the estimated median cumulative anthracycline dose was 250 mg/m2 (IQR: 200-300). During the study period, 50% of patients received radiotherapy. The cause-specific cumulative incidence of the primary outcome was higher among HL patients compared with comparators across follow-up: 3.7% (95% confidence interval: 2.8-4.6) vs. 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7-2.3) at 5 years, 7.2% (95% CI: 5.7-8.7) vs. 4.6% (95% CI: 4.1-5.1) at 10 years, and 14.2% (95% CI 11.6-16.9) vs 6.7% (95% CI: 6.0-7.5) at 15 years (Figure 1). Risk factors associated with development of heart disease in HL patients were history of hypertension (HR=1.81, 95% CI 1.15-2.84) and male sex (HR=2.01, 95% CI 1.39-2.91) (Figure 2). Conclusions The long-term risk of cardiovascular disease is still high in patients with HL after contemporary treatment suggesting that the use of modern radiotherapy has not eliminated the excess risk of cardiovascular disease.

CNS relapse in high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements and dark-zone signature–expressing DLBCL

AbstractHigh-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (HGBCL-DH-BCL2), or “double-hit lymphoma,” has been associated with a high risk of central nervous system (CNS) relapse. However, historic estimates are impacted by selection bias. We report CNS relapse rates associated with HGBCL-DH-BCL2 from a population-based cohort with complete fluorescence in situ hybridization testing, as well as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma morphology (DLBCL) tumors expressing the dark-zone gene expression signature (DZsig), which was originally derived from HGBCL-DH-BCL2. The 2-year CNS relapse risk in HGBCL-DH-BCL2 was 6.8%. CNS relapses were early, predominantly leptomeningeal (73%), and co-occurred with systemic relapse (64%). High-risk CNS International Prognostic Index (CNS-IPI) and concordant bone marrow involvement were associated with an elevated CNS relapse risk in HGBCL-DH-BCL2. The “refined cell-of-origin” classification assigned 20% of DLBCL morphology tumors with germinal center B-cell–like phenotype (GCB-DLBCL) into a distinct subgroup based on DZsig expression (DZsig+). CNS relapse risk in DZsig+ (2 year: 6.4%) was independent of HGBCL-DH-BCL2 status and was further stratified by the CNS-IPI. CNS relapse in DZsig-negative GCB-DLBCL was rare (2-year risk, 1.4%; P = .04 vs DZsig+) and exclusively parenchymal. Altogether, the CNS relapse risk in HGBCL-DH-BCL2 is lower than previously reported, and DZsig refines risk stratification in GCB-DLBCL.

Outcome of childhood ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma relapses: Real-life experience of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology (SFCE) cohort of 75 French children.

To describe treatments and outcomes of French children treated for relapsed/refractory anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL). We conducted the analysis of a series of 75 French children treated for a first relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL between 1999 and 2017. The median time to first relapse was 8.1months from initial diagnosis (2.9 after end of treatment), with 12 relapses during frontline treatment or within 1month of the end of treatment. Treatment of the first relapse varied according to the period of time and risk factors: 48 received multiagent chemotherapy, including 21 and 19 consolidated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and autologous-SCT, respectively. Twenty-one patients received weekly vinblastine, and six received ALK inhibitors (ALKi). Overall, 64/75 patients reached a second complete remission (CR2). Eight out of 11 patients who did not reach CR2 died and the other three were rescued with ALKi, vinblastine, and nivolumab. With a median follow-up of 8.2years, 60 patients are alive, 43 in CR2, 15 in CR3, two in CR4; and 15 patients died, six from toxicity and nine from disease progression. The 5-year event-free survival and overall survival after first relapse were 51.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 39.6%-62.6%) and 80.7% (95% CI: 69.6%-88.1%), respectively. Time to relapse greater than 12months from initial diagnosis was proven to be a prognostic factor in relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL. In relapsed ALK+ ALCL, high survival rate can be reached with various therapeutic strategies. The main challenge remains to prevent subsequent relapses, and to lower long-term morbidity.

A-107 Severe relapses of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma after treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease with ruxolitinib

A-107 Severe relapses of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma after treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease with ruxolitinib

TARMAC trial—a new path for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T in relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)?

TARMAC trial—a new path for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T in relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)?