Rehabilitation Process Research Articles

Analysis of the work of the hospital for medical rehabilitation within the framework of the federal project «Optimal medical rehabilitation for health restoration»

Background. The introduction of new technologies into the process of medical rehabilitation is relevant today, since modern healthcare faces the most important tasks to increase the life expectancy of citizens, reduce the level of disability of the population, and great attention is paid to rehabilitation after diseases (including combating the consequences of coronavirus infection) in order to ensure the restoration of health and improve the quality of life of patients.Objective. To analyze changes in the work of a medical rehabilitation institution in the process of upgrading equipment within the framework of the federal project “Optimal medical rehabilitation for health restoration”.Materials and methods. The material was the data of the annual report of the State Medical Institution SO “OSBMR Lipovka”. Statistical and analytical research methods were used. The statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. program. 4.1.2.Results. The number of patients treated in 2023 increased significantly compared to previous years (+27% to the level of 2022 and +20% to the level of 2019). In 2023, there was a significant increase in the number of procedures performed (+30% compared to the level of 2022 and +42% compared to the level of 2019) due to the arrival of new equipment within the framework of the federal project “Optimal medical rehabilitation for health restoration”.Conclusion. The introduction of new equipment obtained within the framework of the Federal project “Optimal medical rehabilitation for health restoration” allowed to increase the number of hospitalizations of patients, significantly increased the number of procedures per patient.

Interventions in the Sexuality of Men With Stomas: A Scoping Review.

To map interventions in the sexuality of men with stomas. Scoping review, following JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines to report results. Databases consulted were PubMed, via National Library of Medicine, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Brazilian Electronic Library of Thesis and Dissertations, CAPES Catalogue of Thesis and Dissertations and Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal. Texts were read by independent reviewers, with no time or language restrictions. The final sample included 10 studies. Data were synthesised and grouped for its similarity to approach models, preoperative orientations, self-care promotion, collecting pouch hygiene and safety, sexual health discussion and education, construction of bonds and sexual function evaluation. Interventions in the sexuality of men with stomas included adherence to models for approaching sexuality, focusing on the permission and coparticipation of the patient, open conversations on the topic, self-care promotion, collecting pouch hygiene and safety, encouragement to the creation of bonds, sexual function evaluation in pre- and postoperative periods and individual and/or collective sexual health education. This study contributes to the sexuality of men with stomas. It identified recommendations to approach and conduct the topic at hand, addressing the rehabilitation process since the surgery to place the stoma is considered. This study addressed scientific literature on the sexuality of men with stomas. Most were from Europe and results demonstrated a gap in knowledge. This research will impact the stoma therapy research, affecting teams involved in the care to men with stomas, encouraging reflections on the sexuality of these patients. This study complies with the PRISMA-ScR. There was no patient or public contribution. The protocol of this scoping review was registered in the Open Science Framework, registered under DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/X9DSC. It can be accessed through the following link: https://osf.io/x9dsc/?view_only=a9c62ef6c11f44499f7b2bfe1fe379f9.

Priority areas for the formation of specialized care for children with congenital cleft of the maxillofacial region, complicated by anomalies of other organs and systems

Topicality. The specialized literature does not sufficiently present the systematization of concomitant malformations additional to congenital cleft of the maxillofacial region, the frequency of their occurrence and the species correlativity of relationships. There is no program for concretizing the interaction of specialists in different fields that ensure the unity of the processes of diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with complex disorders of embryogenesis. Purpose. To present the main directions of specialized care for children with congenital cleft of the maxillofacial region in combination with malformations of other organs and systems. Materials and methods. A group of patients (823 people) who received treatment at the Center «Bonum» (Yekaterinburg) for a period of 25 years (1998–2022) with cleft maxillofacial region and concomitant malformations was studied. In the course of the study, the data of malformations were systematized, and correlations between congenital concomitant defects were identified. Clinical and special methods of patient examination were used in the study. Results. An innovative methodology for systematic monitoring and treatment of patients with maxillofacial cleft in combination with concomitant malformations has been developed based on a staged algorithm of therapeutic and corrective interactions of rehabilitation specialists of various profiles. The optimal tactics of the interacting advantages of the treatment process of concomitant congenital malformations are presented, taking into account the sequence of rehabilitation measures, the volume and duration of surgical elimination of the cleft against the background of concomitantanomalies. Conclusions. The proposed methodological algorithm for the dynamic observation of 823 patients with cleft of the maxillofacial region, complicated by malformations of other organs and systems, has absorbed the fundamental directions of therapeutic and corrective interactions of specialists in various fields, concentrating knowledge and experience on this issue for a period of 25 years (1998–2022) and made it possible to minimize postoperative complications (the indicator of residual deformities of the upper lip and nose after the primary cheilorhinoplasty amounted to 16,16 %, and after velourinoplasty – 2,46 %), to successfully complete (in 73,63 % of cases) the main stages of surgical treatment of the maxillofacial region, as well as the main processes of restoring the health of this group of patients in accordance with the age periods of rehabilitation.

Gas-producing potential of intestinal microbiota representatives in patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis

Relevance. Analyzing the spectrum of gaseous signaling molecules (GSM) produced and consumed by the intestinal microbiota in patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis (PICS) is essential for understanding their potential role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications and for identifying strategies to address these conditions.Purpose. To investigate the prevalence and abundance of specific intestinal microbiota representatives isolated from patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis (PICS) and to examine the species diversity and concentrations of microbial gaseous signaling molecules in this population.Materials and methods. This case-control study involved the analysis of stool samples from 35 healthy individuals (14 men and 21 women) aged 45–60 years (mean age: 51.8 ± 4.8 [49; 56] years) and 34 patients with PICS (19 men and 15 women) aged 40–84 years (mean age: 64.5 ± 8.1 [53; 72] years). Gaseous signaling molecules (CO, CH₄, NO, H₂S) were quantified using gas chromatography.Results. Patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis exhibited a functional microbial imbalance marked by disrupted production of gaseous signaling molecules (GSM) compared to healthy individuals. In the PICS group, Lactobacillus spp. were observed to exclusively absorb NO, whereas in healthy individuals, Lactobacilli produced NO at a statistically significant higher mean concentration of 5.283 µg/mL (p < 0.001). Additionally, Staphylococcus aureus in the PICS group produced CO at levels 880 times higher than those observed in healthy individuals, a difference that was also statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion. Restoring the functional activity of the intestinal normal microbiota in patients with PICS is essential. Through the production of gaseous signaling molecules (primarily NO and CO), the normal microbiota can support neuromodulatory, cardiomodulatory, immunomodulatory, and other beneficial functions that are critical for the rehabilitation process.

Impact of Functional Training on Injuries After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction for Return-to-Duty Status in U.S. Naval Academy Midshipmen: A Retrospective Analysis.

Acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries can be disabling because of prolonged rehabilitation process following surgical reconstructions. Rates of ACL injuries among military service members are close to 10 times greater than the general civilian population, likely because of the operation tempo and the unique physical requirements. Studies debated functional testing requirements for return to sports, but no study investigated the impact of functional training and re-injury rates following ACL reconstruction and their association with functional testing outcomes and time to return to full duty in United States Naval Academy (USNA) Midshipmen. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review all ACL reconstructions with and without meniscal injury at USNA, the functional training and testing, timing of return to military training, and associations with postoperative re-injury rates. A retrospective chart review of all Midshipmen who sustained ACL reconstructions between 2015 and 2019 was performed. Demographic variables, type of surgeries, functional training/testing outcomes, timing to return to full duty and postoperative re-injury rates were recorded up to January 1, 2022. Of 204 ACL reconstructions, 87 were excluded, resulting in a sample size of 117 including 76 (65%) men and 41 (35%) women aged 20.4 ± 1.4 years. Fifty-one (44%) Midshipmen sustained a re-injury to the postoperative knee or complication. Thirty-three out of 76 (43%) men and 18 out of 41 (35%) women sustained complication or re-injury to the surgical knee. Of those re-injuries or complications, 12 Midshipmen (10%) sustained graft failures,12 (10%) anterior arthrofibrosis, 7 (6%) meniscus tears, 17 (15%) patella tendinopathy, and 3% other ligament injuries (MCL, PCL, etc.). Fifty participants (43%) followed a functional training program while 67 (57%) lacked documented functional training. There was a significant difference in Midshipmen who participated in functional training, displaying fewer postoperative anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) re-injuries or complications to the surgical knee as compared to those who did not (0.027). Nineteen Midshipmen (16%) performed functional testing while 98 did not. Of the 98 Midshipmen who did not perform functional testing, 57 (58%) had re-injury or complications to the surgical knee postoperatively compared to 9 (48%) who performed functional testing sustained a re-injury or complication. The average return to full duty was 37.1 ± 25.8 weeks versus 63.8 ± 35.8 weeks for Midshipmen who sustained postoperative injuries. Within 1 year of return to duty, 6 of 12 (50%) ACL graft failures occurred. Postoperative injuries and complications following ACLR can delay the ability to return to duty by twice as long, consequently effecting military manpower capability. A functional training and testing program resembling both an athletic and military/operational environment can reduce re-injury and complication rates, resulting in faster return-to-duty rates. Future studies should assess the impact of military rehabilitation participation following ACLR and functional testing protocols to assess physical readiness of Midshipmen to return to full duty. Additionally, methods to assess psychological readiness to return to duty should be further investigated.

Resources for enhancing parental competence in the rehabilitation of a child with disabilities

Introduction. In light of the apparent contradiction between the necessity for parental involvement in the rehabilitation of children with disabilities and the limited competence of many parents, which hinders such participation, it is essential to study the nature of parental competence. This includes examining its levels, factors, and components that contribute to successful rehabilitation outcomes. Aim. The aim of this study is to analyse the resources associated with parental competence, within the context of social capital theory, that enable parents to attain successful outcomes in the rehabilitation process of a child with disabilities. Methodology and research methods. The sample population for this study comprised 500 respondents. The research was conducted between 2022 and 2024 at the Sverdlovsk Regional Disability Rehabilitation Centre in Ekaterinburg. A questionnaire survey was administered to the parents of children with disabilities. In addition to quantitative methods, qualitative techniques were employed to gather empirical data, utilising evaluative and projective approaches to assess various dimensions of family capital, including trust, support, attention, and the closeness of the parent-child relationship. The study also aimed to identify the types of parental positions adopted in relation to the child, which included partnership, mentoring, dominance, and rejection. Furthermore, the focus of parental engagement during rehabilitation activities within the specialised institution was examined, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of the child’s rehabilitation process. Results and scientific novelty. Based on factor analysis, it has been established that the level of social capital possessed by parents, encompassing both family and non-family resources, directly influences the level of parental competence. Furthermore, the level of income is directly correlated with the type of parental role assumed in relation to the child, while the effectiveness of rehabilitation is significantly dependent on the degree of parental involvement in rehabilitation activities. A majority of parents exhibit a dominant and rejecting stance, which is associated with a low level of social capital and a corresponding low level of competence. In contrast, parents who assume a partner or, to a certain extent, a mentoring role, exhibit a high level of resources, while the resources accessible to other parents are classified as medium-level resources. Practical significance. The research findings can be utilised to formulate strategies aimed at improving the resource allocation for parents, with a particular emphasis on educational resources. This can be achieved by broadening the range of services available to them and establishing an eco-rehabilitation environment.

Clinical epidemiological method in the evaluation of rehabilitative technological procedures in Multiple Sclerosis

Introduction: clinical-epidemiological methods make it possible to build medical knowledge, to delve into the essence of phenomena in accordance with principles. In people diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis, it is of vital importance because it provides knowledge and skills in the management of the disease. The authors of this research identify as an objective: to argue the relevance of the clinical-epidemiological assessment in the evaluation process of rehabilitative technological procedures in Multiple Sclerosis.Method: a longitudinal descriptive study with a qualitative approach was carried out in the period from January to October 2024, in the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department of the Villa Clara Clinical-Surgical University Hospital "Arnaldo Milián Castro". For theoretical inquiries, the following theoretical levels were used: analytical-synthetic, historical-logical, systematization and the statistical-mathematical level: descriptive statistics.Results: in the rehabilitation process, both methods provide precise and detailed information, which will facilitate the evaluation and indication of physical-rehabilitative treatment guidelines. In addition, their prior application to rehabilitation technological procedures contributes to the development of competencies and skills, by following the procedure and connecting the examination, evaluation and intervention.Conclusions: the application of clinical-epidemiological methods will allow the evaluation and indication of treatment guidelines focused on the person's health status.

Rehabilitation for patients with retinal diseases in Brazil: An exploratory study.

To evaluate the current scenario of rehabilitation services for people with retinal diseases in Brazil. An exploratory study was conducted between February 2023 and June 2023 using a Google Forms questionnaire that was distributed by patient associations. A total of 142 patients, aged 18-80 were included in the study. Forty-eight participants (33.8%) were undergoing rehabilitation, while 94 (66.2%) were not. The main reason for not undergoing rehabilitation was a lack of knowledge about the service (n=41, 43.6%). Healthcare professionals made the most referrals (n=20, 41.7%). Rehabilitation improved the quality of life in 38 (80.9%) participants, and 28 (62.2%) participants were satisfied with the process. There was a statistically significant disparity between patient satisfaction and the locale of rehabilitation implementation. Twenty-three (69.7%) participants who underwent rehabilitation at a specialized center reported satisfaction. The rehabilitation process directly increases the quality of life of individuals with retinal diseases. However, despite the availability of rehabilitation centers in large parts of Brazil, most patients with retinal diseases are not acquainted with the rehabilitation process and do not receive referrals for it. Thus, healthcare providers should increase referrals to rehabilitation centers, and public policies should be formulated to raise awareness among the population regarding the availability of rehabilitation services.

Postoperative Rehabilitation Comparison of Patients After Anterior Cervical Disectomy and Autograft Fusion with or without Smoothing the Donor Site Defect

Anterior cervical disectomy and autograft fusion (ACDF) is the gold standard of surgical treatment for HNP cervical. However, donor site complication has found in the form of pain that could lead to disability. The edge of the donor site defect can initiate pain which can reduce the patient’s quality of life. High ambulation can be earned by smoothing the donor site defect. The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of patient rehabilitation after following ACDF with autograft between smoothing group and non-smoothing group. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Adenin Adenan Hospital Medan. Patients who had undergone ACDF with autograft in the period of 2015-2020 were assessed for their disability at the first, third, and sixth months postoperatively using Barthel Index. The total sampling method is used with inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 41 respondents in this study, 20 people in the non-smoothing group and 21 people in the smoothing group. The disability experienced by the smoothing group was less than the non-smoothing group at each month of measurement, but only significant (p<0,05) at the sixth month. Both groups experienced a good rehabilitation process, but the rehabilitation outcomes of the smoothing group were better than the non-smoothing group. Conclusions of this study was disability and rehabilitation outcomes in the smoothing group were better than in non-smoothing group.

Transformative Justice Through Social Engineering: Analyzing the Role of Legislation in Supporting the Rehabilitation of Drug Addicts to Become Productive Members of Society

The research investigates law's role in promoting transformative justice through social engineering, focusing on rehabilitation and reintegration processes of drug addicts into society. This study applies a normative-juridical approach to evaluate Indonesia's legal frameworks for their effectiveness in handling addiction as a public health issue. Comparative analyses with international models, such as the decriminalization in Portugal and harm reduction policies in the Netherlands, show what a change of heart in legal philosophy might achieve. The findings put forward the majors lacuna in the present legislation: undue punitive, lack of supportive infrastructure, and stigma among society. Recommendations offered by the study go on to include legislative reform for rehabilitation, supportive infrastructure development, public-private partnership for effective reintegration. This paper advocates for a compassionate justice system that embeds transformative justice principles into legal frameworks, promoting societal productivity and inclusivity.

The counter-narrative of an ‘unaccompanied minor’-young offender in Spain

Unaccompanied Foreign Minors (UFM) are often framed as criminals by many people in the general population, rather than as at-risk children. This paper analyses the case of Ibrahim, a Moroccan boy who had both identities (migrant and offender), but whose case ended positively, in order to dismantle prejudices, show underlying inequalities, and learn from good practice. The research was carried out using a biographical research methodology, using the cross-narrative model. The main sources of information and data collection techniques were: a) Interviews with 12 key informants; b) Documentary records (all files related to his case); and c) More than 200 photographs, mostly of his rehabilitation process. The results are divided into two parts. The first one shows the (risk factors) living conditions of the unaccompanied minors in their contexts of origin. And the second one analyses the most relevant aspects of the successful intervention carried out with him. The conclusions are drawn from their analysis: Firstly, an approach is recommended that is focused on humanising ‘UFM’ and ensuring a basic standard of living conditions, which would also reduce migration and anti-social behaviour. Secondly, a social, personalised, ecological and empowering model of intervention must be applied to support individuals transforming their circumstances.

The Use of Ultrasonography in Improving The Success of Rehabilitation Process in ICU

Complications of various degenerative and genetic diseases on physical fitness can occur directly and indirectly. Indirect causes are due to prolonged immobilization, leading to reduced functional capacity. Direct causes may involve diseases that result in decreased cardiac and pulmonary function. Prolonged ventilator use in the ICU might significantly reduce cardiopulmonary function and even high risk in ventilator weaning challenging for patients. One of the newest method to assess pulmonary function in the ICU is ultrasonography, which evaluates the diaphragmatic muscle function in ventilator-dependent patients. This method has been applied in several educational hospitals and hopefully might improve our capacity as physiatrist. Cardiorespiratory fitness is achieved through regular and continuous exercise. Cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation is carried out from the acute phase to the community. Rehabilitation conducted in the ICU is a supportive and essential rehabilitation process. Why? Because the ICU rehabilitation stage can have a tremendous effect on improving weaning ventilation ability. Preservation and improvement of lung function and cardiopulmonary function allow patients to wean faster and increase their level of mobilization.

Psychological Well-Being of Juvenile Prisoners in Bandung

The psychological well-being of juvenile prisoners is very important in supporting their rehabilitation process, but is often neglected due to internal and external factors that affect their psychological condition. The correctional environment which is full of social stigma, limited psychological support, and mental conditions before detention are major challenges for juvenile prisoners. This study aims to determine the description of psychological well-being in juvenile prisoners in Bandung. This study used a quantitative descriptive research design with a total sampling technique. The research sample consisted of 80 juvenile prisoners in correctional institutions. Data collection was carried out using the Psychological Well-Being Scale questionnaire consisting of 42 question items with a Likert scale. Data analysis was carried out using a frequency distribution test to describe the level of psychological well-being based on high, medium, and low categories. The results showed that 62.5% of juvenile prisoners had moderate psychological well-being, 27.5% were in the low category, and only 10% had high psychological well-being. Factors such as mental conditions before detention, social interactions, and the physical environment in correctional institutions affect their level of psychological well-being. Social stigma and lack of psychological support are major challenges in improving their psychological well-being. Support from psychiatric nurses in correctional institutions plays an important role in helping juvenile inmates cope with stress and adapt to the detention environment. This study emphasizes the importance of psychological interventions to improve their well-being, especially by improving social support and reducing social stigma.

TELEREHABILITATION. CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES AND PROBLEMS OF REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

In the last five years, against the background of the appearance of COVID-19 in the world, the direction of remote telerehabilitation is intensively developing, which requires the improvement and implementation of new approaches to the patients conditions` synchronous monitoring with the involvement of the latest technical developments. The purpose of the study. To explore the latest publications on the possibilities of remote monitoring of patients during rehabilitation examinations and synchronous telerehabilitation procedures. Research material and methods. Publications of foreign scientists in the fields of clinical, physical and rehabilitation medicine, biometrics, digital technologies on the implementation of synchronous monitoring technologies for the condition of patients with various pathologies The results. Research of modern publications has shown that conducting synchronous sessions of remote examination of patients allows with a high degree of probability to conduct a general examination of the patient, conduct anthropometric and some functional studies. Among the latest –studies of changes in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, ECG and EEG data. Their results can be transmitted for direct evaluation by a doctor. There are certain problems during synchronous performance of tests with physical load to failure due to the impossibility of observing safety conditions. Technical solutions have been found for the transmission of bimetric signals during the telerehabilitation procedure. Thus, the combination of virtual reality or augmented reality with devices such as robots, sensors and wearables can be used for remote monitoring, assessment and diagnosis. These advanced methods pave the way for the transition from traditional to personalized rehabilitation by identifying the needs of each patient and tailoring the rehabilitation process to their individual characteristics. Conclusions. The development of modern technologies and digital medicine has led to the emergence of the remote provision of services in the rehabilitation system, which on the one hand significantly increases the possibilities of access to the rehabilitation system, and on the other hand significantly increases the requirements for their implementation. First of all, this concerns the safety of telerehabilitation procedures. Adherence to basic safety requirements should be given due attention, which can be achieved, first of all, with the use of remote synchronous monitoring of the patient's condition, when the PhRM doctor can objectify changes in the patient's body under the direct influence of telerehabilitation tools.

Изучение мотивационной сферы личности и психоэмоциональных особенностей у пациентов с наркологическими расстройствами на различных этапах лечебно-реабилитационного процесса (Часть 2)

<p style="text-align: justify;">The aim of the study was to analyze dynamic changes in the motivational sphere of personality and psychoemotional features of patients with drug addiction disorders at different stages of the treatment and rehabilitation process. The study involved 226 patients: 163 men (72.1%) and 63 women (27.9%) with narcological disorders. The following scales were used: the scale of stages of readiness for change and aspiration to treatment (Socrates), the scale of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) and the scale of general self-efficacy (GSE). During the stabilising phase of therapy: 1) women showed significantly higher scores on the Socrates scale total score (p≤0.001), the Ambivalence subscale (p≤0.001) and the Action subscale (p≤0.05); 2) inverse correlations were found between the result on the Action subscale (Socrates) and signs of depression (r=-0.350, p≤0.05), anxiety (r=-0.452, p≤0.01) and stress (r=-0410, p≤0.01) (DASS-21). The results of the psychoemotional state revealed that patients with signs of stress were significantly more likely to undergo medical rehabilitation treatment and less likely to be discharged early, which allows the results to be used in targeted medical rehabilitation programmes.</p>

The effect of a rehabilitation program using (mental exercises and video games) to improve the balance skill in Parkinson's patients

The brain is the main organ of the human nervous system, and one of the diseases that affect the brain is Parkinson's disease, in most cases we see a loss of balance in Parkinson's disease, so that the paralyzed member could not perform the required voluntary movements and this matter causes imbalance for the patient's person and with age and degree of injury may lead to a decrease in balance. Parkinson's disease may affect many daily activities, and treatments aim to alleviate these problems by helping you receive the knowledge and skills you need to continue doing all your previous activities, and sports rehabilitation consists in learning to move more naturally and with less effort. In this context, technological means are a tool to help achieve the objectives of the rehabilitation process. As we know that video games are an important and major part of technology in the modern life of humans, especially in the scope of rehabilitation for people with special intellectual - motor needs, and video games can be used in the rehabilitation process for these people to develop their motor skills throughout the stages of the game. It concludes from the research that the rehabilitation program using (mental exercises and video games) played a positive role to improve the skill of fixed balance and motor in the research sample and that mental exercises contributed well to improving balance in patients with type II.

Lessons from the 1998-2002 Argentine Economic Crisis for Todays Latin American Economy

This paper analyzes the reason of the Argentina Great Depression in the 1990s and compares it with the 21st century Latin American economic crisis. The causes of the Argentina Great Depression serve as a remarkable alarm towards the current situation of the Latin American economy. The Latin American economy is currently facing surging inflations, mounting external debts, and unpredictable external shocks. Hence, there are many lessons that can be drawn from the Great Depression to Latin American countries and potential strategies that could alleviate the devastating impact on the economy. This paper first compares the economic situation and fiscal policies of Argentina and Latin America. Then, the paper analyzes the distinct rehabilitation process of the Argentine government and evaluates the steps that are applicable to the Latin American economy. Finally, this paper suggests on the rehabilitation process that Latin American country could take in recovery and revive its economy back to prosperity.

Technology Innovations in Right Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Look at Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Tools

This essay explores the right upper limb rehabilitation with the use of innovative technologies. It focuses on the consideration of what technologies are currently available and highlights the physiotherapy and occupational therapy tools that can be integrated together. After the stroke, rehabilitation therapy is essential for the patient’s improvement. Therefore, it is important to have a tool that helps with the rehabilitation therapy of the right upper limb. As an appropriate tool, technology innovation is considered and researched. This essay discusses the thoughts, ideas, applications, and designs of technology innovations in the right upper limb rehabilitation. Physiotherapy and occupational therapy are two different rehabilitations focusing on the same problem, which means they can be integrated together. Having tools that integrate both physiotherapy and occupational therapy together will help with the patient’s recovery. Innovative technology trends that can be used in the rehabilitation of the right upper limb are researched and discussed in this essay. Only the upper limb rehabilitation is being considered, while the lower limb rehabilitation is neglected. In addition, it focuses mainly on stroke patients, and other diseases that affect the upper limb are neglected. Tools that are designed to help with the right upper limb rehabilitation are discussed. For the tools, there must be a consideration of whether the tool is for rehabilitating the right upper limb or whether the technology is integrated together for rehabilitating the right upper limb. In addition, whether the tool is designed or something that already exists is also considered. Most tools are designed and newly developed technologies. Some tools are already in use and are being improved by the new technology approach. Another consideration is whether the technology is focusing on the end-user, which is essential for the technology innovation on the rehabilitation tools being explored (Batista e Siqueira et al., 2024). The focus of the technology tools is to provide rehabilitation to the end-user, who is the patient. It is important that tools used in rehabilitation are adaptive and easy to use to help the rehabilitation process.

Early Detection Model of Drug Abuse Relapse in the City of Padang

The past year prevalence rate was 1.80% or 180 out of 10,000 Indonesians aged 15-64 years or equivalent to approximately 3.4 million people. The survey also found that drug abuse has penetrated into the countryside with very prominent drug use at a very productive age (25-49 years) and the prevalence rate in the past year of use above 2.5%. The various impacts of drug use can be overcome by conducting a rehabilitation program. The process of drug rehabilitation is a process given to drug addicts so that their mental, physical and social conditions improve, the existence of rehabilitation is expected to be able to reduce the adverse effects on physical and mental conditions and can reduce dependence and relapse due to drug use, so as to reduce the number of drug abusers. In this post-rehabilitation stage, drug abusers are prone to relapse. The case of relapse in drug users is very high, found in more than 50% of addicts in the last decade. Based on research, relapse rates are known to reach approximately 80 percent within the first six months, and occur as much as approximately 50 percent within two years. However, the various definitions of relapse have led to different relapse rates in Indonesia. The Ministry of Health in 2018 claimed that the relapse rate in Indonesia reached 24.3% while the relapse rate according to BNN stated that before the implementation of rehabilitation, Indonesia's relapse rate reached 90%. Indonesia's relapse rate after the implementation of rehabilitation at the Lido Bogor rehabilitation and therapy center is around 7%. Methods: This study uses a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach and aims to determine the determinants of early detection of relapse in drug abusers in Padang city. The informants in this study are drug abuser clients who are undergoing rehabilitation, in the post-rehabilitation program, and who have completed the rehabilitation program at HB Saanin Mental Hospital Padang, West Sumatera BNNP Clinic, and Yayasan Karunia Insani in Padang City, with a total of 6 people. In addition, the respondent sample consisted of 30 drug abusers who were undergoing rehabilitation. The analysis included instrument validity and reliability tests, expert analysis, and diagnostic test analysis. Results: Respondents' ages varied from 18 to 46 years old Factors that encourage relapse are the influence of friends and invitations from friends who use drugs. In addition, the absence of work and family problems also encourage relapse, Family, friends and community support for resilience, Informants revealed that rehabilitation programs can help informants from the risk of relapse, Informants confirmed that relapse can occur in anyone even in people undergoing intensive treatment, comprehensive and sustainable lecture programs can prevent relapse, Stress, depression, and social pressure factors affect the risk of relapse, the first signs of relapse felt by informants are unstable emotions. The developed relapse early detection model has significant predictive ability with an AUC of 78% and can predict the incidence of relapse with an accuracy between 60.2% and 95.8%. The model shows a strong correlation with the SSRS and has a 10,200 times greater chance of detecting relapse cases than the SSRS. Conclusion: Informants define relapse as a situation where someone who has used drugs uses drugs again, Factors that encourage relapse are the influence of friends and invitations from friends who use drugs. In addition, the absence of work and family problems also encourage relapse, Family, friends and community support for resilience, Informants revealed that rehabilitation programs can help informants from the risk of relapse, Informants confirmed that relapse can occur in anyone even in people undergoing intensive treatment, comprehensive and sustainable lecture programs can prevent relapse events, Stress, depression, and social pressure factors affect the risk of relapse, the first signs of relapse felt by informants are unstable emotions.

Seed regeneration aided by nanomaterials in a climate change scenario: A comprehensive review

Abstract Nanotechnology has demonstrated its potential for advancing sustainable agriculture. This article explores new advancements in nanotechnology in agriculture, including plant extraction and validation, by emphasizing nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, nano-biosensors, and nanoenergy recycling processes. Nanomaterials are important for the formation, transport, and degradation of soil toxins and are a fundamental starting point for various biotic and abiotic rehabilitation processes. Research on nanoparticles’ remediation applications and soil stay insufficient and are generally restricted. When integrated into agricultural systems, nanomaterials may influence the soil quality and plant development examined by setting their impacts on supplement discharge in target soils, soil biota, soil natural matter, and plant morphological and physiological reactions. The current research works show that the seed coat acts as a barrier to nanomaterial penetration, in which both the seed coat and cell wall allowed easy water passage. Additionally, the uptake, movement, and associated defense mechanisms of nanomaterials within plants have been investigated. Future research directions have been identified to further the study toward the sustainable development of nano-enabled agriculture.