Regulatory Parameters Research Articles

Rationale of the dielectrometric method of definition of lubricant oils' tribological characteristics' changes

The article demonstrates the contradiction of generally accepted methods of research of lubricants tribological properties on the example of spent oil studies and critically considers the possibility of using the obtained results as criteria for assessing the serviceability of lubricating oils after a certain service life. In particular, regulatory parameters such as viscosity, flash point, acid value and insoluble sludge content were considered. Viscosity, in particular, was assessed by the Heppler’s and the Ostwald’s methods. As a result, it was found that the first of these methods shows lower values. Similar ambiguity is demonstrated by normative methods for determining the flash point in open and closed crucibles, determining the acid number by potentiometric or calorimetric titration of an oil sample dissolved in various solvents and determining the sludge content by extraction with n-pentane, n-heptane and extraction benzene. As it turned out, the results obtained by different methods are impossible to compare. The analysis of the obtained data also confirms the opinion that the indicators determined in the laboratory have no practical application, because they do not correlate with the real operating conditions of the oil. Such laboratory studies can only be used to compare two or more samples of lubricants. As an objective criterion that would reflect the interaction of the components of lubricating oils and friction units during operation and could serve as an indicator of the degree of aging of the oil, the author proposed to use the dielectric constant in an alternating electric field. These first research results show that changes in dielectric constant as a function of service life can be considered an indicator of the degree of aging of the oil, and the results allow us to estimate the concentration of sludge and mechanical contaminants in oils. However, given the multicomponent nature of modern oils and the influence of other factors on the dielectric penetration of the material, the results obtained should be considered only preliminary and those that require further refinement and processing.

Analysing the C-Band spectrum auctions for 5G in Europe: Achieving efficiency and fair decisions in radio spectrum management

This paper offers a detailed analysis of selected regulatory parameters used as instruments to promote efficiency with fairness for all stakeholders (in the legal sense of equity) in 5G spectrum auctions. Data were collected from sixteen auctions for the C-band that took place in the Member States of the European Union (EU) and in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2017 and 2020 for the introduction of the fifth generation (5G) of mobile communication technology. The selected instruments of intervention are: spectrum packaging, spectrum caps, set-asides, geographical scope of the license, license duration, various forms of license obligations, reserve prices and auction format.Significant differences were observed in national approaches to spectrum packaging, license obligations and reserve prices for efficiency purposes. Our analysis also shows that European national regulators are paying increasing attention to concerns over fairness of decisions on spectrum, or equity, especially by creating opportunities for local private networks to access the spectrum and by imposing requirements on network operators to guarantee more uniform population coverage of newly created 5G networks.

Modeling the intangible assets’ elasticity profile as a tool of financial benchmarketing

Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the scientific developments of domestic and foreign scientists associated with the definition of the essence, the role of the innovative potential of the enterprise, its structural components, with the methods of effective management of them and the study of materials of specialized scientific conferences and symposia. In the study, the following methods were used: grouping – in the formation of the content of the elements of the management system of the innovative potential of the industrial enterprise; structural and logical – in the determining the complex of indicators to assess the innovative potential of the enterprise (general and private); analysis and synthesis – to substantiate recommendations on the development of the regulatory model of innovative potential, which is determined by the system of inequalities, and associates the overall indicators and their limitations. Results. The role and levels of innovative potential are studied, which makes it possible to formulate development strategies and its components. According to the assessment results, activities were proposed based on development strategies that will increase the efficiency of innovative development of the enterprise. The general structure of the innovative potential of the enterprise in the form of a system of components is given: research, intellectual, financial, production and technical, organizational and marketing and marketing component. The process of managing innovative potential is considered. Its main features are proposed to be enhanced with the formation of a regulatory model to determine the sufficiency of the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise, it is also proposed to analyzing the inconsistencies of actual and regulatory parameters, which will analyze the company's ability to accept innovative solutions and become a measure of managerial success. Novelty. The scientific originality of the research results is the clarification of the methodology for assessing the level of the existing innovative potential of industrial enterprises to effectively manage it in the short term and to ensure the development strategy in the long term. Practical value. The practical value of the results obtained is to form a comprehensive system for assessing the innovative potential of industrial enterprises in order to manage it effectively.

Vivienda colectiva en lotes urbanos: seguridad e higiene en obra. Aportes para la gestión de excavaciones, submuraciones y demoliciones

In Argentina, public policies related to Safety and Hygiene started at the beginning of the 20th century, and it was not until the 1970s that the first regulations related to the subject were passed, when the current Law Nº 19587 on "Safety and Hygiene at Work" was sanctioned. In particular, the construction industry, since 1996, has had a complementary regulatory framework with Decree Nº 911. On the other hand, the demolition, excavation and submurder stages found an intervention mechanism with SRT Resolutions Nº 550/11 and SRT Nº 503/14. However, the regulatory framework does not provide specificity in relation to procedures and consequently does not guarantee efficiency/effectiveness in operational terms. This work exposes a gap, which, from a particular methodological approach, concludes with the obtaining of results, as it verifies the levels of compliance of the actions in the traceability of the work, aimed at framing the demolition, excavation and submuration tasks according to regulatory parameters of Health and Safety established by the instrument of analysis / matrix. As part of the final considerations, this work proposes to contribute with management guidelines for the aforementioned tasks in urban collective housing works.

ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СТУЛКОВОГО ВІДСІКУ ХВОСТОВИХ ВАНТАЖНИХ ЛЮКІВ ЛІТАКІВ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ

The method for determining the main parameters of the tail cargo doors of transport category aircraft is developed. There have been prepared initial data and described the methodology for finding them. An example based on an existing transport aircraft is considered. The basic nomenclature of transported cargoes of the designed aircraft, its dimensions and weight, methods of loading and mooring, additional loading equipment were taken as initial data. As well as such necessary design, operational and regulatory parameters and data as landing gear type, its “kneeling” system, rails of the upper loading equipment for loading and unloading, cargo trajectories during loading and landing, requirements of international regulatory organizations FAR, CS, AP. The principle of determining the dimensions of the cargo compartment, cargo floor and the hitting platforms in the form of ramp with pressure door, ladders is presented, based on the initial data. Taking into account the loading and unloading, landing operations described the dependence of the ramp length on the length of the cargo floor. The correct formation of these parameters is one of the most important tasks, from the solution of which directly depend the operational characteristics of the future transport aircraft. A method for designing cargo door fairings in the transport category aircraft fuselage tail part is also presented. There have been determined the main features of the fairings compartment, its main components and their varieties, depending on the scheme of the cargo door. At the stage of preliminary design, the principles for determining the main parameters of the fairings compartments based on their design purpose are outlined.Also provided information on the fairings compartment structural elements parameters selection: the axes of the fairings hinge, the selection of control cylinders and their installation, the parameters of the open and closed position locks, pressurization and sealing of the fairings compartment. Considered the design features of the fuselage tail section various theories fairings compartment - made in cross-section with one radius (in the shape of a cylinder) and given in cross-section with two radii (double-deck).

Effects of different intervention methods on regulatory parameters and diopter of myopic children

Effects of different intervention methods on regulatory parameters and diopter of myopic children

Plant Secondary Metabolite Transporters: Diversity, Functionality, and Their Modulation.

Secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in the vital functioning of plants such as growth, development, defense, and survival via their transportation and accumulation at the required site. However, unlike primary metabolites, the transport mechanisms of SMs are not yet well explored. There exists a huge gap between the abundant presence of SM transporters, their identification, and functional characterization. A better understanding of plant SM transporters will surely be a step forward to fulfill the steeply increasing demand for bioactive compounds for the formulation of herbal medicines. Thus, the engineering of transporters by modulating their expression is emerging as the most viable option to achieve the long-term goal of systemic metabolic engineering for enhanced metabolite production at minimum cost. In this review article, we are updating the understanding of recent advancements in the field of plant SM transporters, particularly those discovered in the past two decades. Herein, we provide notable insights about various types of fully or partially characterized transporters from the ABC, MATE, PUP, and NPF families including their diverse functionalities, structural information, potential approaches for their identification and characterization, several regulatory parameters, and their modulation. A novel perspective to the concept of “Transporter Engineering” has also been unveiled by highlighting its potential applications particularly in plant stress (biotic and abiotic) tolerance, SM accumulation, and removal of anti-nutritional compounds, which will be of great value for the crop improvement program. The present study creates a roadmap for easy identification and a better understanding of various transporters, which can be utilized as suitable targets for transporter engineering in future research.

Activation of GPER limits adverse changes to Ca2+ signalling and arrhythmogenic activity in cardiomyocytes of ovariectomised guinea pigs

Abstract Background Post-menopausal women have an enhanced risk of developing cardiovascular disease and disturbances of cardiac rhythm, generally attributed to declining oestrogen levels during menopause. In an animal model that mimics menopause, the long-term withdrawal of oestrogen dysregulated Ca2+ signalling and increased the formation of a pro-arrhythmic substrate. Selective targeting of the membrane bound G-protein coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (GPER) eliminated such arrhythmogenic activity associated with the loss of oestrogen. Purpose We aim to assess the “cardioprotective” role of GPER in response to oestrogen withdrawal. Methods Ovariectomy (OVx) or sham surgeries were conducted on female guinea pigs. Left ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated 150-days post-operatively for experimental use. GPER expression was quantified by western blot. Myocytes were incubated in solutions containing GPER agonist G-1 for >2h before recording some electrophysiological and Ca2+ regulatory parameters. Results GPER expression was 32% higher in OVx. OVx cardiomyocytes had prolonged action potential duration (APD) compared with sham and in the presence of G-1, APD90 shortened by 12% and 22% in sham and OVx, respectively. G-1 reduced early after depolarisation (EAD) formation by >99% in OVx. OVx cells had larger sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content (by 13%), compared with sham. While G-1 had little effect on SR content, it reduced Ca2+ transient amplitude (by 40%), SR fractional release (by 11%) and sarcomere shortening (by 29%) in OVx cells. The frequency of occurrence of spontaneous Ca2+ waves evoked by periods of rapid stimulation reduced by 40% and wave-free survival time prolonged in OVx cells incubated with G-1. Conclusions In the hearts of an animal species whose electrophysiology and intracellular Ca2+ regulation is akin to humans, we show that following oestrogen deficiency, GPER expression increased and its activation induces negative inotropic responses in cardiomyocytes. It limits the adverse changes to Ca2+ signalling and induces anti-arrhythmogenic behaviours in OVx. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation

Standardized approaches of regulated organizations and regulators to the justification of doubtful debt costs

The article presents the results of a study of the problems that occur when applying the problems of regulated application by regulated organizations in the field of heat supply and regulatory authorities of standardized approaches to substantiating actual expenses under the article “Expenses on doubtful debts” in relation to heat generation facilities. The specifics of the heat supply services market, expressed in the naturally monopolistic position of heat suppliers, are revealed. The key conditions for the successful functioning of regulated organizations have been identified and proposals have been developed to ensure the immutability of long-term regulatory parameters and accuracy in tariff planning, justification and cost calculation. An exhaustive list of documents justifying and confirming the actual expenses of regulated organizations in the field of heat supply under the article “Expenses on doubtful debts”has been developed and proposed. The results of approbation of the corresponding list of documents are presented.

Исследование холодной обработки воздуха в птичнике в условиях Азербайджана

Broiler farming at industrial poultry enterprises is carried out in conditions of intensive technology. One of the most important technological aspects is the creation and maintenance of regulatory parameters of the microclimate in the production room, that is, comfortable conditions for poultry at the level of livestock placement. Ensuring an optimal microclimate is achieved through a complex of supply and exhaust ventilation equipment and auxiliary systems. It is important to determine the level of influence of the microclimate in the formation of viability and productivity of broilers in the industrial cultivation technologies; features of the formation of microclimatic zonality in poultry houses, which indirectly determines the uniformity of the poultry herd, and to outline ways to improve the microclimate. The use of water evaporators in the field of cold air treatment has shown that structures with freely assembled material cannot simultaneously fully, evenly and efficiently copy the treated air. All this creates the need for mathematical modeling of the process of mass transfer of heat going in the channels of evaporation tubes provided for by the improved scheme.

Medial plantar nerve: normative parameters of an electroneuromyographic study in adults

Background. The study of the sensitive portion of the medial plantar nerve is relevant not only in the examination of patients with tibial nerve mononeuropathy or its branches, but also in the diagnosis of polyneuropathies.Objective: to analyze the normative parameters of the sensory potential recorded during the study of the medial plantar nerve by the orthodromic method in healthy adults.Materials and methods. 126 sensitive fibers of the medial plantar nerves were studied on the Dantec Keypoint G4 device (Denmark) in 63 healthy individuals (31 men and 32 women; age from 20 to 80 years). 3 groups were identified taking into account age: group 1 included healthy people aged 20 to 39 years (n = 23); group 2 consisted of people aged 40 to 60 years (n = 20); and 3 – older than 60 years (n = 20). The parameters of the sensory potential of the medial plantar nerve are analyzed.Results. The sensory potential in the study of the sensitive portion of the medial plantar nerve was registered in all 126 healthy subjects. Comparative statistical analysis did not demonstrate significant differences between groups 1–3 in the values of such parameters of the sensory potential as the latency of the onset, the duration of the negative phase and the rate of propagation of excitation. At the same time, in groups 2 and 3, the magnitude of the amplitude from peak to peak of the sensory potential was significantly lower compared to group 1, and averaged 8.92 and 7.86 MV, respectively.Conclusion. Knowledge of the regulatory parameters will allow expanding the use of electroneuromyography of the sensitive portion of the medial plantar nerve in clinical and research practice.

Physiological characteristics of piglets during the milk feeding phase

The condition of all types of metabolism of piglets of milk power significantly determines the intensity of their growth at this age. At the same time, many of their regulatory parameters in piglets of milk nutrition in the conditions of Central Russia are still not estimated finally. The piglets contained in the farms of Central Russia, during the milk nutrition, the level of general protein is growing at the same time as the level of albumin levels. At the same time, the amount of urea increases in the blood, additionally indicating activation to them as protein metabolism grows. In the piglets for the phase of milk nutrition in the blood, the increase in glucose concentrations, triglycerides and cholesterol quantities were found. The phase of milk nutrition for the surveyed piglets was characterized by an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamiltransferase. Under these conditions, there was an increase in the blood of the biological possibilities of transaminases in the stability of lactate dehydrogenase activity and creatine-cycinase. The number of registered metabolites and the identified activity of certain enzymes can be considered as normal for the piglets of the milk food contained in pigsties in the territory of Central Russia.

A Nonlinear Error Compensator for FDM 3D Printed Part Dimensions Using a Hybrid Algorithm Based on GMDH Neural Network

Following the advances in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Additive Manufacturing (AM), with regards to the numerous benefits of the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) as a popular AM process, resolving its weaknesses has become increasingly important. A serious problem of the FDM is the dimensional error or size difference between the CAD model and the actual 3D printed part.In this study, the approach is compensating the error regardless of its source. At First, all parameters affecting the dimensional accuracy of FDM are comprehensively identified. Then, multi-input–single-output (MISO) data is prepared by designing experiments using the Taguchi method and obtaining the results from 3D printed samples. Next, a GMDH neural network is applied, which uses a simple nonlinear regression formula in each neuron but can create very complex neuron combinations. So, it is possible to analyze small or even noisy data. Regulatory parameters of the Neural Net have been optimized to increase efficiency. The case study shows a decrease in the RSME for the Nominal CAD Model from 0.377 to 0.033, displaying the compensator's efficiency.

O-096 The ethics of stem cell-based embryo-like structures: a focus group study on the attitudes of Dutch professionals and lay citizens

Abstract Study question What are main themes guiding the attitudes of Dutch professionals and lay citizens with regard to the creation and research use of embryo-like structures? Summary answer The attitudes of Dutch citizens indicate feelings of trust and distrust, distinct ‘embryo’ conceptualizations, competing moral values and beliefs, and criteria for adequate regulatory safeguards. What is known already Researchers are hopeful that the creation and research use of so-called embryo-like structures (ELS), i.e., stem cell-based models that can mimic (parts of) early (human) embryogenesis, may provide a morally less controversial way of studying the period during which most human etiologies rise while also reducing and replacing the use of animals and/or human embryos in research. Scholars in the humanities and social sciences underline that public engagement and support will be essential in harvesting this presumed moral advantage. Studies on the public endorsement of and attitudes towards synthetic embryology remain nevertheless significantly scarce. Study design, size, duration For this qualitative study with a cross-sectional design, data were collected through four semi-structured focus group discussions (N = 33) between August and September 2020. Participants/materials, setting, methods The focus group interviews consisted of one pilot interview (n = 5), two interviews with lay citizens (n = 21), and one interview with professionals (n = 7). The pilot participants and lay citizens were invited based on sociodemographic characteristics of the Dutch public. Professionals were selected from the networks of the authors based on their experience and affinity with ethical and legal debates on emerging biotechnologies. The transcriptions were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Main results and the role of chance From our analysis emerged four themes: (1) trust, distrust and ambivalence in synthetic embryology, mainly due to concerns about scientific compliance with societal norms, also in view of a projected future ability of using ELS for reproductive ends; (2) diversity of ELS-conceptualizations, also in terms of their (non-)distinction from ‘natural’ human embryos; (3) grounds for moral value and moral standing, in which a possible potential to grow into a human being and perceived tinkering with nature were considered key issues of moral concern; and (4) conditions for responsible embryo-like research, with an emphasis on legally binding the use of ELS to non-reproductive research purposes. Interestingly, whereas questions on the developmental potential of ELS were critical for both the attitudes of professionals and those of lay citizens, lay citizens were much more concerned that synthetic embryology could fundamentally change human existence for the worse. In particular, lay citizens worried that synthetic embryology could lead to dystopian futures, for instance, because it stimulates a ‘makeable human existence’ or because of a presumed inability to monitor and control scientific progress. These findings may imply a correlation between fear of research and degrees of (un)familiarity with the governance systems of science. Limitations, reasons for caution Qualitative research methods provide rich and in-depth data for an ethical analysis of motivations and intuitions, but do not allow generalizations of the findings to broader publics. Wider implications of the findings The results may provide a useful starting point for further discussion and analysis of adequate regulatory parameters for the creation and research use of ELS. The findings also show that societal dialogue and public consultation can play a significant role in addressing concerns about emerging (bio)technologies. Trial registration number not applicable

Exploring Intraindividual Profiles for Home Buildings Based on Architectural Compositional Elements and Psychological Health Factors: A Transdisciplinary Approach.

Based on the transactional and salutogenic perspectives, we explored individual profiles that integrate psychosocial factors and compositional elements of the built home environment. Adults with different socio-demographic characteristics completed several self-report measures on psychological factors (personality traits, self-efficacy, mental health, and happiness) and architectural elements constituting the ideal home environment. Adopting an individual-centered perspective, three distinct intra-individual psycho-architectural (person-environment) profiles were found with different compositional preferences and psychosocial characteristics in terms of functioning, health, and well-being: endopathic (characterized by higher levels of psychosocial resources and well-being indicating a highly adapted and successful profile, and architectural preferences corresponding to their identities and experiences—expression through spaces), assimilative (characterized by average levels in all regulatory parameters indicating moderately adaptive individuals, and architectural preferences of spaces created in interactive processes—introjection of spaces), and additive individuals (characterized by a comparatively dysfunctional, poorer psychosocial profile, and architectural preferences in line with provoking a restorative effect—change with spaces). An awareness of the psychosocial features of the users for whom the homes are built can help in designing spaces to inhabit that are adapted to them for an enhancement of their overall well-being. Therefore, a better understanding of the interconnections between psychology and architecture will help in designing healthy spaces.

Size/Layout Optimization of Truss Structures Using Vibrating Particles System Meta-heuristic Algorithm and its Improved Version

Vibrating Particles System (VPS) optimization is a newly made meta-heuristic algorithm to optimize problems by inspiration of the free vibration of viscous-damped systems with single degree of freedom. The agents are modeled as particles which systematically proceed toward their equilibrium conditions that are reached by the existing population and historically best position. To enhance the performance of the VPS algorithm, Enhanced Vibrating Particles System (EVPS) applies a new process for updating agent’s positions. This paper tries to improve the EVPS algorithm with the aim of reduction in the regulatory parameters’ effect on the algorithm's performance by reducing the regulatory parameters. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, it is applied to four optimization problems of truss structures including mixed of discrete and continuous design search spaces with displacement, stress and buckling constraints. As a result, the proposed algorithm is a suitable method and more research can be done on it.

Peculiarities of the determination of value of goods as at the date in the past within the framework of a commodity expertise

When investigating and hearing criminal proceedings, civil and administrative cases in courts, there is a need for special information in thefield of commodity science. Such information is obtained during commodity expertises. Analysis of the stages of forensic commodity expertise in the current legislation shows the presence of a significant number of problems at certain stages of study, which requires effective resolution in accordance with current regulatory and technical parameters and prospects for further development in Ukraine. As practice shows, forensic commodity expertises are often appointed, the subject of which is to determine the market value of objects on the date in the past. If the necessary documents are available, the difficulty of providing conclusions about the value of the objects of study is due to the lack of initial data on the market of such property. This is due to the fact that there are very few publicly available sources where you can find archival information on the price of a product on the date in the past, especially if it concerns specialized property, or property whose sale and purchase market is limited. That is why the article purpose is to highlight peculiarities of the determination of value of goods at the date of past within the framework of the commodity expertise.
 A t the present stage in Ukraine there are no meaningful studies and regulations on conducting the commodity expertise to determine the value of goods in the past, so this issue needs further study to create a unified and comprehensive approach while conducting the commodity expertises on the value of goods at the date of the past and development of a methodology that will be used in forensic expert practice during the conduct of commodity expertises, to ensure the systematization and methodological uniformity of the expert practice, reducing the complexity and time spent during expertises.
 Thus, the formation and development of property valuation are possible only in market conditions with a clear definition of the role and place of the state in matters of pricing and legal regulation of entrepreneurial activity. In addition, it is necessary to develop ways to improve the effectiveness of research that could provide the necessary conditions to protect professional competence of a forensic expert for appealing expertise results in court.

Proposed waqf crowdfunding models for small farmers and the required parameters for their application

PurposeSmall farmers are considered one of the most affected communities worldwide due to poverty. Hence, this paper aims to study how the proposed waqf crowdfunding models are intended to provide alternative sources of funds for the waqf institutions and farmers.Design/methodology/approachThe present study employed a qualitative method by analysing the relevant literature on crowdfunding, waqf cash, waqf and agriculture, together with the primary sources of the Ḥadīth.FindingsThis paper provides the conceptual framework of two waqf crowdfunding model (WCM) and the required parameters for their application. It is found that crowdfunding can bring immense benefits to the agriculture sector and farmers if it is integrated with waqf. This system will enable underprivileged farmers to meet their necessities and participate in their country's economic development.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research may consider a waqf crowdfunding integrated model targeting other businesses.Originality/valueThis study provides the required parameters for the application of the proposed models. Four areas were analysed and discussed: the regulatory compliance parameters, the shariah compliance parameters, the risk management parameters and, finally, waqf governance parameters. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first proposed waqf and crowdfunding integrated model for agricultural financing.

ENSURING PERMISSIBLE VOLTAGE LEVELS IN LOW-VOLTAGE NETWORKS IN THE DESIGN OF SOLAR POWER PLANTS FOR PRIVATE HOUSEHOLDS

One way to stimulate the development of renewable energy is preferential electricity tariffs for businesses, electricity consumers, including energy cooperatives and private households, whose generators produce electricity from alternative energy sources. Such a state policy exists both in Ukraine (the "green tariff") and in other countries (Feed-in tariffs). The simplified connection mechanism of generating power of private households and the fast payback period of solar power plants have led to a rapid increase in the number of such facilities. The peculiarity of network photovoltaic installations of private households is that the investment is proportional, and sometimes even less than the cost of additional reconstruction, for example, to increase the capacity of the electrical network, so, as a rule, their connection to low voltage networks is carried out without any additional changes of intersections of power lines. At the same time, according to the Law of Ukraine on the Electricity Market, the connection of generating installations to consumers, including private households, should not lead to deterioration of regulatory parameters of electricity quality. Another feature of these objects is the almost complete lack of information about the parameters of the electrical network. In the absence of reliable information, it becomes necessary to develop approximate methods for estimating the allowable capacity of solar power plants of private households depending on the place of connection, the parameters of the modern low-quality distribution network and modes of its operation. The article proposes the use of the distribution network model in the form of a line with evenly distributed load from the solar power plants in the form of a concentrated load at the corresponding point of the line. The voltage distribution along the line is simulated when the power of the solar power plant and the place of its connection change. Analytical relations are obtained for the calculation of the solar power plants power limit values to ensure the admissibility of the mode parameters according to the voltage level when varying the solar power plant connection point. A method is proposed to maintain the allowable minimum voltage levels at the terminals of consumers in short-term congested sections of the network.

Justification of some design and mode parameters of a multi-section climate chamber for growing plants

The purpose of the research was to develop a design of a multi-section climate chamber, to justify the structure of the control system and simulate the heat balance with the use of the device proposed. To ensure the declared capability of the climate chamber, a structural diagram of the control system was developed, which takes into account the following capability list in the controlled volume: ozone concentration control, control of the air recirculation rate, air temperature control, indirect analysis of the temperature distribution, control of the illumination and illumination spectrum, possible secure remote on-line monitoring and control of the system via mobile applications, possible storage of a large set of climatic and regulatory parameters for up to 5 years with the sampling rate of no more than 5 minutes. A mathematical model of the heat balance has been developed, which allows to determine important parameters for a climate chamber consisting of several interacting sections, such as the total power of the heat radiation required and the necessary heat consumption to develop and maintain the plant activity under preset specific conditions.